CI.IM006.6.

20121030

Municipal Waste
YRE LITTER LESS INTERNATIONAL
WORKSHOP

Cascais 31/10/2014

by Nuno J. Vinagre

As human beings, we are part of the

environment.

The way in which we interact with

our environment influences the quality
of our lives.

WASTE is the by-product of human

activities.
It may be in the form of solid, liquid or
gases.

Effects of waste if not managed

wisely
Affects our health
Affects our socio-economic conditions
Affects our coastal and marine environment
Affects our climate
5

Waste Dumps

Apex regional landfill Las Vegas

New York

Pacific Ocean

Lagos Dump, NIGERIA

Definition of wastes
substances or objects which are disposed of
or are intended to be disposed of
or are required to be disposed of by the
provisions of the law
10

Kinds of Waste
Solid wastes: plastics, foam containers, bottles,
cans, papers and other materials;

Liquid Wastes: domestic washings, chemicals,

oils, waste water from ponds, manufacturing
industries and other sources;

11

Sources of solid waste

Agriculture
Construction
Industry
Municipal

Solid waste management

is the collection, transportation, and
disposal of solid waste.

Collection
is the gathering and transporting of solid
wastes from the point of origin to the point
of disposal.

Methods of waste disposal

Landfills
Incineration
Composting
Recycling

Landfilling
37% municipal solid waste in EU
still deposited in landfills
Source of groundwater pollution
Number of municipal landfills is
declining.
New landfills are costly and
often resisted - NIMBY

Incineration
Waste treatment process that
involves the combustion of waste
materials.
Currently, about 23% of EU
municipal solid waste is incinerated.

Incineration
Pros:
Reduce volume 90%, weight 75%
Heat from burning converted to electricity

Cons:
Create air pollution
Concentrates toxins in ash
More costly than landfills, as long as space
available

Home Composting
Harnessing natural
decomposition to transform
organic material into compost

Anaerobic Digestion

Recycling
Recycling initiatives have grown rapidly in EU
Currently, about 25% of EU municipal solid waste is
recycled .

Recycling Benefits
Resource Conservation
Pollution Reduction
Saves money, raw materials, and land.
Encourages individual responsibility.
Reduces pressure on disposal systems.
Lowers demand for raw resources.
Reduces energy consumption and air pollution

Material recycling rates 2001-2010

% of generated
municipal waste
in EU

Recycling waste collection (habitant/year)

EU-27
2001-2010

Waste destination in Portugal 1995

Processes

Waste Dumps

86%

Composting

9%

Landfill

5%

Recycling

0%

Incineration

0%

Waste destination in Portugal 2012

Processes

Landfill

53,6%

Energy Recovery

18,2%

Food Waste Recovery

15,9%

Multimaterial Recovery

12,5%

Waste destination in Portugal 1995 to 2011

Recycling waste collection

Landfill

Organic Recovery

Appropriate final destination

Incineration
Municipal waste collection

PORTUGAL (2013)
Consumers 10.000.000
Houses 5.650.000
Waste Management Entities (collection): 260
Waste Management Entities (processing): 23
Collected waste 4.600.000 t
Mixed collection 3.800.000 t
Selective Collection 800.000 t

Collected waste (t)

Mixed collection
Selective
Collection

PORTUGAL (2013)
Infrastructures (waste) 4.800.000 t
Recycling 400.000 t
Organic recycling 300.000 t
Waste processing infrastructure

Incineration 1.000.000 t

65%

70%

Landfilled 3.100.000 t

60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

21%
8%

6%

Recycling

Organic
recycling

Incineration

Landfilled

PORTUGAL (2013)
Collection Systems

Treatment Systems

Waste containers 320.000 uni.

Collection vehicles 250

Recycle bins 40.000 uni.

Screening stations 29

civic amenity sites 200

Organic recovery units 13

Collection vehicles 2.100

Incineration units 2

Transfer stations 90

Landfills 35

CASCAIS

AMBIENTE

was

created

in

November 2005 by Cascais Municipality.

Our intervention extends over four parishes, serving
206.000 citizens living working and/or visiting
Cascais.
Alcabideche

Alcabideche
Alcabidec
he

So Domingos
de Rana

U. F. Cascais e Estoril
U.F. Carcavelos e
Parede

Promotion of
environmental
education

Green spaces
management
Playgrounds
management

Coastal Zone
and Marine
Environment

Urban
cleansing

Urban solid
waste
collection

EM
AC

Terrestrial
environment

Number of employees: 578

Fleet: : 151 vehicles
11 mixed waste collection vehicles
13 selective waste collection vehicles
11 vehicles to collect green waste
9 heavy machinery (tractors)
5 bulky waste collection vehicles
16 mechanical sweepers
86 comercial cars

Manual and Mechanical sweeping

Manual and Mechanics washing

Collection and Maintenance of

Litter Bins

Public Land clearing

Chemical Weeding

Fumigation/Desinfestation

Beach Cleanup

Disinfection of beach sands

Household waste Collection

Recycling waste collection

Industrial producers collection

Green waste collection

Bulky waste collection

Mixed waste collection

Circuits: 19
Containers: 6.198
Underground waste container: 240
Vehicles: 11
Human Resources: 123

Quantidade recolhida
(ton)

Collection Frequency: Daily

94000

93931 93874 93932 93470

92012

92000

89557

90000
88000

85524

86000
84000
82000
80000

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012
Ano

Recycacle waste collection

The population has available a considerable number
of points of selective banks:

Glass;
Paper and cardboard;
Plastic, metal;
Organic waste (only in some areas).

Recycable waste collection

Circuits: 8
Equipment/containers: 728 recycle bins, 139
underground containers e 75 bottle bank
Vehicles: 7
Human Resources: 29

Quantidade recolhida (ton)

Collection Frequency: 2. to sat.

10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0

2544
957
3723

2006

2948
1292
4160

2007

3429

3274

3214

3226

3199

1609

1661

1700

1813

1992

4521

4181

4092

4104

4063

2008

Papel/Carto

2009

2010

2011

Plstico/Metal/PLA

Vidro

2012
Ano

Recyclable waste collection

Circuits: 7
Producers: 432
Equipment/containers: Paper / Cardboard 481,
Plastic / Metal 403, Organic waste - 463
Vehicles: 5
Human Resources: 7

Quantidade recolhida
(ton)

Collection Frequency: 2. to sat.

3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

2255

1627

1307

1473

413

430

500

456

806

912

955

939

1722
215
427
2006

2007

Papel/Carto

2008

2009

Plstico/Metal/PLA

2010

1595
433
786
2011

Restos de Comida

1552
406
654
2012
Ano

Recyclable waste collection

Schools: 180
Equipment/containers: Paper / Cardboard 283
Plastic / Metal 252
Vehicles: 1
Human Resources: 3

Quantidade recolhida
(ton)

Collection Frequency: 2. a 5.

300
250

68

200

61

150
100
50
0

186

137

61

64

162

166

60
133

37
2007

2008

2009

Papel/Carto

2010

2011

Plstico/Metal/PLA

2012
Ano

Bulky items and Green waste collection

Free service available to residents;
collection is carried out across the county, six days a week
(Monday to Saturday);

Green Waste Collection

Circuits: 16
Vehicles: 11
Human Resources : 41
Collection Frequency : 2. a Sb.
No. of collections: 65.381

17874

Quantidade recolhida (ton)

20000

19564

14986
15000
10728
10000

8211

7013

7300

5000
0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Cortes de Jardim

2011

2012
Ano

Bulky itens collection

Circuits : 10
Vehicle: 5
Human Resources : 17
Collection days: 2. a Sb.
No. of collections: 39.820

Quantidade recolhida (ton)

3500

3039

3000

3277
2892

2907

3161

2716

2569

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Objetos Fora de Uso

2011

2012
Ano

Cascais Municipality, we use the best

available techniques to treat our WASTES.

Recycling facility

New Landfill

Anaerobic Digestion Facility

Thank you for your attention!

nuno.vinagre@cascaisambiente.pt