International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online),
Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
16
A STUDY ON THE REHABILITATION FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE GOVERNMENT TO PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES & ITS AWARENESS IN THE SOCIETY
Major General Vijay P Pawar*, Dr George Judah
*Research Scholar, AVSM, VSM (Retired)
ABSTRACT
Indian population is facing a large number of challenges like gender disparity, poverty, illiteracy and so on. The Government is making every effort to provide equal opportunity to each individual in the country that has a large population of 1.27 billion. Persons with disabilities must get opportunity to have better and healthier life in society like any other person and that is the need of the day. To meet this requirement, Society and Government play an important role. This study was carried out with an objective to understand the need of the government schemes which are available for the people with disabilities. Primary research was carried out to understand the society awareness of these facilities provided by the government, so that we can analyse the utility of the facilities. Study has revealed that there are great needs of the governmental support, which can be offered to the needy. Around 2% and more of the population in India & Maharashtra are with disabilities and this number is large. We need to look into betterment of these persons. Peoples awareness about the schemes & support for rehabilitation is still low which must be increased through advertisement or any other promotion activity. Accessibility of the facilities for the disabled and those who are looking into their welfare can be improved only by the awareness of availability.
OBJECTIVES
To find the need for rehabilitation of people with disabilities in Pune. To study useful schemes the government has launched for disabled people. To know of the general awareness of the people about Rehabilitation Centres and facilities.
Hypothesis
H1: There is significance between age & awareness about rehabilitation facilities available.
H2: There is significance between the level of awareness between any facilities provided like Reservation in jobs, Scholarship in education & other concessional schemes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT (IJM)
ISSN 0976-6502 (Print) ISSN 0976-6510 (Online) Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME: http://www.iaeme.com/IJM.asp Journal Impact Factor (2014): 7.2230 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
IJM I A E M E International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
i) Research Design: It is Exploratory and Descriptive Research as it an analysis the Research problem to find the need and facilities available for the people with disabilities by exploring secondary data of the population. Secondly the primary research was carried out to understand the awareness of the people about the facilities available for disabled people for better employment.
ii) Sampling Design: Universe: Individuals in Pune with minimum 10 th Class Pass. Sample Frame: From Wakead, Dange Chowk, Chinchwad, Wanowari, Saswad. Hadapsar and parts of Pune. Sample units: Each individual. Type of Sampling: Non probabilistic Convenience Sampling. Sampling Size: This study is based on the sample of 127 People.
NEED FOR REHABILITATION
Disabled People in the country are 2.2% of the population. Among the total disabled in the country, 12.6 million are males and 9.3 million are females as per census of 2001. As per National Sample Survey Organization's (NSSO) Survey 2002, the number of disabled persons in the country is 18.49 million and they form about 1.8% of the total estimated population. The census 2001 indicates that 2.2% of the total population is affected by disability. Reputed foreign studies indicate that the correct population of disabled is anywhere around 10%. For this study all figures are based on disabled population of 2.2%.
Disabled Population according to census 2011 in India
Total India Population Persons 1210193422 Total number of disabled persons Persons 268,10,557 2.2% of total population Males 149,86,202 Females 118,24,355 In seeing Persons 50,32,463 In Hearing Persons 50,71,007 In Speech Persons 19,98,535 In Movement Persons 54,36,604 Mental Retardation Persons 15,05,624 Mental Illness Persons 7,22,826 Any Other Persons 49,27,011 Multiple Disability Persons 21,16,487
As we can see from the above data the total population of disable people has increase by .1% of 1211 million, therefore we can say that need of Rehabilitation is increasing for the better country.
Disabled Population according to census 2011 in Pune
Total India Population Persons 9429408 Total number of disabled persons Persons 207446.976 (Around 2 Lakhs People, figures worked out on the basis of 2.2 % of total population) International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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Reservation for Physically Handicapped people in India Reservation in Govt. job: In Group 'C' and 'D' posts under the Government employed, reservations are provided in direct recruitment for physically handicapped persons. A few examples of such posts are as indicated below. Category of handicapped / Percentage of reservation
i. Visually handicapped 1% ii. Orthopaedic ally handicapped 1% iii. Hearing handicapped 1%
Scholarship The State Govt. awards scholarship to disabled persons from Class I to Class VIII. Assistance for self-employment: Financial assistance is given for self-employment to the disabled persons.
Assistance for purchase of aids & appliances Assistance is provided to the concerned handicapped persons in order to improve his/her mobility Financial assistance for medical treatment in mainland is available.
In Government Jobs 3% reservation is available in Government jobs for physically handicapped persons in Group 'C' and Group 'D' posts. The state government has decided that 1% vacancy of each for the Blind, the Deaf and for the Orthopaedic ally Handicapped in Class III and Class IV services of Govt. and comparable posts in the Public Sector Undertakings and local bodies.
In Educational institutions 2% seats are reserved for handicapped for extension programme like short termcourses in the following:
Categories Program Mental Retardation Awareness Programme Learning disability 1% seat is reserved for handicapped for admission in Technical Institutions
Scholarship/Stipend: Awards Rs.30/- P.M. as scholarship from Class I to Class VIII, if family income is less than Rs.4,800/- P.M Maintenance Allowance (Through Institutions / NGOs) Disabled persons whose age is 55 years and above, assistance provide by NGOs @ Rs.125/- P.M Unemployment allowance
Unemployed graduates are sent to work in Government Offices and given Rs.100/- for 15 days. They have to work for 4 hours per day. Conveyance allowance: Government. employees get 5% of the basic or Rs.100/- P.M. for attending office Bus Concession 75% concession in bus fares to blind, deaf and Orthopaedic ally Handicapped persons Assistance for self- employment
Financial assistance up to Rs.1000/- is given to the trained disabled person. A margin money scheme is implemented by State Govt. for International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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starting self-employment by disabled persons. Project up to Rs.25,000/- are considered for financial assistance. Out of this 80% will be Bank Loan and 20% from the Government (Limited to Rs.5,000/-) Awards/Sports/Seminars: State Govt. gives awards to disabled for excellence in any work done Exemption in professional tax/road tax Physically handicapped persons are totally exempted from paying professional tax from 1987-88. Physically handicapped persons are also exempted from paying road tax. Assistance for purchase of aids & appliances
Handicapped persons whose income is up to Rs.1500/- P.M. are entitled to 100% grant on aids and appliances, for those whose income is between Rs.1,501/- to Rs.2,000/- are entitled 50% assistance. The maximum limit of assistance and appliances is Rs.3,000/-. Handicapped persons are also eligible for Rs.150/- as conveyance allowance and Rs.10/- for lodging and boarding per day up to maximum of Rs.100/- for attending rehabilitation camps for aids and appliances.
89% of the responded are graduates& above, so study was carried on good educated class.
2. Age
Age 20-30 24 30-40 84 40 & Above 19 2% 9% 35% 54% Qualification Below 10th Higher secondary pass Graduated Graduate above International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp.
92% of the respondents are below 40
3. Know any person with disabilities
Yes No
Only 37% of the samples were aware of persons with disabilities.
4. Aware about the following types of disabilities
Aware about the following types of disabilities Type Visually handicapped Orthopaedic ally handicapped Hearing handicapped
know any person with disabilities 0 50 100 150 Visually handicapped 62 65 International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
20 92% of the respondents are below 40 years of age. Responded are of young generation. Know any person with disabilities Know any person with disabilities 47 80 Only 37% of the samples were aware of persons with disabilities. following types of disabilities Aware about the following types of disabilities Yes No Visually handicapped 62 65 Orthopaedic ally handicapped 62 65 Hearing handicapped 61 66 18% 64% 18% Age 20-30 30-40 40 & Above 37% 63% know any person with disabilities Yes No Visually handicapped Orthopaedic ally handicapped Hearing handicapped 62 62 61 65 65 66 Yes No 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online),
years of age. Responded are of young generation.
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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Around 50% of the responded are aware about the type of disabilities; people must be educated on this aspect so that others can help the needy and understand the people with disabilities better.
5. Are you aware about what type of governmental support is provided
Are you aware about what type of governmental support is provided Yes 49 No 78
38% of the people are aware about the governmental schemes & facilities. This awareness must be increased then only many people will be able to avail the facilities being offered by the Government.
6. Facilities Awareness
Facility Rating: 1 to 5 Scale 1: Fully aware, 2:Aware 3: Neutral 4: Not Aware 5: Fully Unaware Reservation in Government Job 20 38 39 22 8 Scholarship/Stipend 18 30 33 34 12 Maintenance Allowance (Through Institutions/NGOs) 11 14 51 40 11 Unemployment allowance 8 10 33 49 27 Conveyance allowance 20 20 42 30 15 Bus Concession 24 29 33 45 16 Assistance for self-employment 16 17 40 41 13 Awards/Sports/Seminars 15 19 37 40 16 Exemption in professional tax/road tax 12 16 40 39 20 Assistance for purchase of aids & appliances 13 7 39 32 36
38% 62% Are you aware about what type of governmental support is provided Yes No International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
23
Awareness for the Reservation in Government jobs & educational scholarship are high as more no. of people given fully aware & aware opinion regarding this two schemes. Other schemes are need to be promoted, people must be educated & communicated on, so that needy can reach to the service. In data analysis, only the score of wt. avg. for these two schemes is acceptable to be aware region bellow 3(Neutral Point.)
Hypothesis 1 H1: There is significance between age & awareness about rehabilitation facilities available
Chi-Square Test Frequencies
Test Statistics Age awareness_about_Govt_support Chi-Square 41.843 a 3.962 b
df 2 1 Asymp. Sig. .000 .026 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency is 51.4. b. 0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency is 73.0.
Null Hypothesis is rejected; there is a significance relationship between Age & awareness about the Governmental support provided to people with disabilities. It can be said that aged people are more aware about the governmental support to people with disabilities.
Hypothesis 2: H2: There is significance between the level of awareness between any facilities provided like Reservation in jobs, Scholarship in education & other concessional schemes
Test Statistics
Reservation _Govt_Jobs Schola rship Maintena nce_Allow ance Unemploy ment_allo wance Conveya nce_allo wance Bus_Conc ession Assistance_f or_selfempl oyment Awards Exemption_in_ professional_ta x Assistan ce_for_p urchase_ of_aids_ applianc es Chi- Square 29.023 a 31.775 a 31.234 a 145.712 a 65.642 a 79.430 b 67.127 a 93.763 b 221.632 a 181.321 b
Null Hypothesis is rejected; there is a significance difference in the level of awareness of the scheme provided by the government.
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 5, Issue 8, August (2014), pp. 16-24 IAEME
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CONCLUSIONS
The study carried out reveals that more than 2% of the population in India is suffering from different types of disabilities and this is a matter of concern to rehabilitation bodies to organise facilities that need to be provided to the disabled for a better life. Government has organised to provide many facilities for the disabled like Reservations, Scholarships and Concessions at Centre and State level. The monetary amount being given seems to be low in todays economic environment and this can be revised, so also better awareness of the facilities being provided need to be generated as less than 38% persons are aware about these facilities. There is significant relationship between age and awareness of the people. We can see that as age grows persons awareness about the schemes for the people with disabilities increases. This awareness can be further improved by many ways for better utilization of the facilities being provided to the needy people. All the facilities are not known equally among the people. There are also significant differences in the awareness of different schemes - reservations and educational concessions are popularly known but other schemes must be promoted as awareness about these schemes is low.
SUGGESTIONS
Amounts towards Scholarships and all other monetary aids can be increased as it is low in todays economic environment. The higher revised values if offered by the government, will be helpful to up-liftment of the disable person. Awareness regarding disabilities, difficulties and the facilities available amongst all categories of persons must increase as it is very low.
LIMITATIONS
The Study was based on samples, so finding may vary from population to population and sample to sample. Exact Population size was taken under study was from census 2001, so data will be changing every day. Scheme s for the disabled will vary from country to country and state to state, so this study may not be true in different countries or states where disabled are really cared for.
FUTURE SCOPE
Culture and Society of a region would play an important role for impacting social life of the people and the disabled. Social factor can have a major impact in looking after disabilities of all types. Further study can be carried out by considering the social dimension.