CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p.

28
The Theology Of Evangelism:
Introduction And Biblical Principles Of Evangelism

Dr. John C. Beck, Jr.*
[*Editors note: John Beck earned his B.A. at the University of
California in Los Angeles (UCLA), Th.M. at Dallas Theological
Seminary, and his D.Min. at Western Seminary. Dr. Beck is the
director of Discovery Ministries, which offers seminars that help to
equip churches to do the work of evangelism. His office number
is 310829-4355. John teaches Systematic Theology at CTS, has
been an interim pastor, and frequently does pulpit supply.]
Introduction
He gave some as apostles, and some as prophets, and some as
evangelists, and some as pastors and teachers, for the equipping of
the saints for the work of service, to the building up of the body of
Christ (Ephesians 4:1112).
When it comes to telling others about Jesus Christ, many Christians have had
an experience similar to that of the following businessman.
I would cross the street to avoid meeting someone who might ask
me a question about my faith in Jesus Christ. If people started to
talk about religion, I did everything I could to change the subject,
because I was afraid they were going to ask me a question that I
could not answer. Over the years I learned to sidestep witnessing
situations because I knew that I was not prepared.
The ministry of evangelism takes on special interest when each Christian
considers what would have happened to him if someone had not told him about
Christ. This realization should increase one s awareness of the plight of those
around him who still do not know the Savior. Even when motivated, Christians
are not always successful in their efforts to reach the lost. This lack of success can
be traced to fear and lack of information. Lack of success can convince even the
most optimistic Christian that evangelism should be left to the professionals.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 29
The businessman, mentioned above, achieved success in the business world
by applying diligence and preparation to his job. Time was invested in learning
the answers to the possible questions, that a potential client might ask. This man s
problem m the area of witnessing was quite simple. Knowing he was unprepared,
he avoided the embarrassment that lack of preparation would bring. To emphasize
the importance of preparation, six months after this businessman began
evangelism training, he saw two business associates and one relative place their
trust in Jesus Christ.
The Theology of Evangelism
When Lewis Sperry Chafer defined systematic theology he said,
Systematic Theology is: the collecting, scientifically arranging, comparing,
exhibiting, and defending of all facts from any and every source concerning God
and His works.
2
In this paper, the method of Systematic Theology will be
applied to the subject of evangelism, thus The Theology of Evangelism.
Sources of Information
When one commences a study of the theology of evangelism there are many
sources of information. Today the responsibility to equip the saints for the work
of the ministry primarily falls upon pastors, teachers and lay leaders or ministers
of evangelism. Many who begin down the path of evangelism have learned from
personal experience that there are potholes, roadblocks, and detours along the
way. Preparing for this journey takes time, patience, and hard work. This article
will start with the writings of well-known theologians. Finally, it will examine the
real foundation: the Scriptures themselves.
After a review of ten of the more popular evangelical texts on systematic
theology,
3
it became apparent that they only introduced the student to the concept
of evangelism. Most often the subject of evangelism was found in the context of
Ecclesiology, being referred to as the gift of evangelism.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 30
Chafer defines evangelism as the act of presenting to the unsaved the
evang,,el or good news of the gospel of God s saving grace through Christ
Jesus.
4
He also comments on 2 Corinthians 5:1820.
God gave us the ministry of reconciliation and.., has
committed to us the word of reconciliation. Therefore, we are

2
Lewis Sperry Chafer, Systematic Theology. (Dallas TX: Dallas Seminary Press, 1947. Reprint
Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1993) vol. 1, p. x.
3
Lewis Sperry Chafer, Walter Elwell, Paul Enns, Millard J. Erickson, Wayne Grudem, Charles
Hodge, Robert Lightner, Charles Ryrie, Augustus Strong, and Henry Theissen are noted in the
Annotated Bibliography on p. 45.
4
Lewis Sperry Chafer Systematic Theology: Volume Seven (Dallas TX: Dallas Seminary Press,
1947 Reprint Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 1993), 143.
ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making an appeal
through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ be reconciled to God.
Regarding this important passage, Chafer states, Probably the most arresting
fact related to this ministry is that it has been committed to every individual who
may be saved This commission rests on all believers alike.
5
Now Pauls words to the Ephesians tell us that the gifts of apostles, prophets,
evangelists, pastors and teachers are for the equipping of the saints for the work of
service, to the building up of the body of Christ (Ephesians 4:12). Whereas many
Christians see the pastor as the professional evangelist of the gospel, Paul says
that His leadership gifts are for preparing the membership of the church to do the
work of the ministry, including evangelism. Chafer again emphasizes
Each believer is, upon being saved, constituted a witness to the
unsaved; but all believers are in need of such instruction, counsel,
and direction as a God-appointed and well-trained pastor and
teacher may impart.
6
Chafer lists four areas in which the Christian should be trained, [1] discipline
in the plan of salvation, [2] the terms of the gospel, [3] the use of the Scriptures,
and [4] the manner and method of effective work.
7
Again, the importance of
every believer is repeated, It can thus be demonstrated that personal evangelism
on the part of all who are saved is the New Testament plan of evangelism.
8
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 31
With the exception of Louis Sperry Chafer, theologians have been brief in
their discussion of the subject of evangelism. However, there is much that has
been written in popular form that continues to be available in Christian
bookstores. Over the years, many books have been published by evangelists
elaborating the four themes that Chafer mentions.
The Place of the Local Church in the Theology of Evangelism
If the New Testament plan for evangelism involves every Christian, then a
study of the theology of evangelism should be integrated into the curriculum of
every church education program. An understanding and mastery of this subject
would go a long way to the involvement of the local church membership in the
work of evangelism. Either a lay person or a staff person committed to the
ministry of evangelism may incorporate the theology of evangelism into the local
church ministry. The understanding of the theology of evangelism will encourage

5
Ibid. 143
6
Ibid. 143.
7
Ibid. 143.
8
Ibid. 143.
the participation of a greater proportion of the membership of the local church,
using their God given gifts, in the work of evangelism.
Implications of a Study of Evangelism
We may note four implications of this study: First, evangelism takes work.
When man was cast out of the Garden of Eden, he inherited an earth that would
not produce fruit without hard work. The one who undertakes the work of
evangelism is not exempt from this rule. Second, evangelism is not a program per
se, but is a Christian. willing to enter the. lives of unbelievers with the truth of the
gospel. Third, some people will not respond to the Gospel regardless of the
attractiveness of the presentation. Fourth, some Christians will not respond in
obedience to participate in the outreach of the church regardless of the
opportunity and need for evangelism.
Path for the Church in Evangelism
The church needs a model. When discussing this subject one pastor
commented, Our local church does want to be faithful but they have no history,
therefore no model, of doing evangelism. There needs to be a balance between
programmed and non-programmed evangelism. The church needs to follow
the example of Christ. Jesus treated each person individually. The church needs a
strong pulpit ministry, which reflects the zeal of the pastor for evangelism: The
membership needs to. be encouraged to take advantage of the training and
opportunity for involvement available to the church. Christians need to try on the
job training and be willing to learn from their mistakes.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 32
Dividing the Theology of Evangelism into its Parts
Chafer lists four areas in which the Christian should be trained, [1] discipline
in the plan of salvation, [2] the terms of the gospel, [3] the use of the Scriptures,
and [4] the manner and method of effective work.
9
For the purpose of this study
the manner and method of effective work will be considered first under the title,
The Biblical Principles of Evangelism. The other three areas that Chafer lists
will be covered in two separate articles titled The Presentation of the Gospel
and Apologetics. The three parts of the theology of evangelism will appear
thusly:
1. The Biblical Principles of Evangelism: the scriptural instruction to
Christians on evangelism.
2. The Presentation of the Gospel: the plan of salvation, the content and terms
of the gospel, and the use of the Scriptures.

9
Ibid, 143. Italics added
3. Apologetics: the questions that are often asked by non-Christians.
10
Biblical Principles of Evangelism
When all else fails, read the instructions! This familiar quote is appropriate
when Christians plan to tell others about Jesus Christ. Many Christians blunder
into evangelism making all the classic mistakes that have become the stereotype
of Christians portrayed in the twentieth century media. This has led to ineffective
communication of the Gospel and a general frustration on the part of the Christian
who tried, but failed. The appropriateness of the above quotation becomes all the
more important when one considers that God has not left the Christian without
instruction in the important field of evangelistic endeavor. When all else fails,
read the instructions applies to the Christian who wants to win his friends,
neighbors, and work associates to Christ.
There are biblical principles that are helpful for the Christian who wants to be
effective in his or her outreach effort. When individually applied, these principles
enable the believer to tell others about Jesus Christ with a positive attitude that
tells the world that God sent his Son to die in the place of a lost race because He
so loved mankind.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 33
The. following information one may divide into three chronological portions:
1) principles from the Gospels; 2) principles from Acts; and finally 3) principles
from the letters. There are other ways to divide this material and there are more
principles that one may derive from an exhaustive study of the scriptures.
Principles from the Gospels
The Christian Serves a Seeking God (Matthew 28:1820)
Matthew introduces Jesus Christ as the King of Israel. We find the most
important principle of evangelism at the end of the Gospel of Matthew where the
King exercises His divine authority by directing His subjects) . Jesus commands
His followers to, Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations (Matthew
28:19). Before one can be made a disciple, he must be evangelized so that he
believes on Jesus Christ. Those who would obey the King have the assurance of
His power (a)ll authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth
(Matthew 28:18), and His personal presence I am with you always (Matthew
28:20). From this passage, one discovers the principle that the Christian serves a
seeking God.

10
This third section begins with an approach to apologetics which (following the outline of 1
Peter 3:15) emphasizes the sanctification of the believer; then, his study, preparation and his
attitude; and finally, his actions.
This principle brings, up an. interesting question, What about those who have
never heard? David Watson tells of a time when a student once asked Charles
Spur eon if the heathen, who had never heard the gospel, would be saved.
Spurgeon s reply reminds us again that we serve a seeking God and that those
possessing eternal life ought to share the gospel with those who are lost. Spurgeon
answered, It is more a question with me whether we who hear the gospel, and
fail to give it to those who have not, can be saved.
11
TM To further illustrate Gods attitude of searching for the lost, please note
the first recorded encounter of a Holy God with a sinful man. Genesis chapter
threeportrays God as seeking Adam and Eve in the garden. They were hiding
from His presence and He moved about looking for them. The picture is not to
imply that God did not know where they were hiding, but rather that His heart
was one of a loving, seeking God. Most people, when offended by another, might
more naturally try to avoid that person. God, on the other hand, when offended by
sin did not abandon His creature (cp. Luke 19:10; Mark 10:45).
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 34
The purpose of these Scriptures is to keep Christians from joining the holy
huddle and never being heard from again. The Christian should never quit seeking
the lost. If he does, he no longer follows the will of God. God s heart seeks the
lost.
Heavens Point of View (Luke 15:110)
Christ gave His parables to teach spiritual truth. In a parable, the Lord teaches
such truth by transference. A lesson that one could observe from everyday life
(the physical realm) He uses to teach a lesson in the spiritual realm. The context
of the parables in the New Testament often includes a question followed by an
answer in the form of a parable. In Luke 15, for example, the question comes
from the Pharisees and the Scribes when they grumble, saying, This man receives
sinners and eats with them (Luke 15:2). They wanted to know why He was doing
this. From the point of view of the religious leaders, Jesus acted improperly. From
the point of view of heaven, Jesus was doing the work of evangelism.
Asking Appropriate Questions (Matthew 21:24; 22:41)
Witnessing for Christ is not just talking without listening. Sometimes it is
appropriate to ask a question that will help the unbeliever think through his
position to its logical conclusion. This principle can be discovered from the
questions that Jesus asks when the chief priests and elders are examining Him (cp.
Matthew 21:25; 22:41).
During the course of some religious discussions an unbeliever might say, I
believe all you have to do to go the heaven is keep the Golden Rule and the Ten

11
David Watson, I Believe in Evangelism (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977), 34.
Commandments. The Christian does not have to disagree, at this point, but may
help the non-Christian think his way to the truth by saying, That is an interesting
point-of-view. After an appropriate pause, the Christian might then ask the non-
Christian, By the way, how are you doing? Are you keeping the Golden Rule and
the Ten Commandments? The honest non-Christian will admit that he is not doing
very well. Then the Christian might add, Well, that is why Christ died. He died
to pay the penalty for the times that we do not keep the Golden Rule or the Ten
Commandments.
Christ Taught a Harvest Theology (Matthew 9:3638)
It is true that planting, tilling, and watering are important parts of bearing
fruit. However, Christ taught that there was a harvest to reap and
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 35
that there were few workers. It is important to plant, till, and water, but let the
church not forget that it is also important to harvest. There are people outside the
church who are ready to receive Christ and the members of the church need not
only to be prepared and willing to harvest, but they need to go with a great
expectation of seeing people trust Christ.
Often a non-Christian is waiting for someone to invite them to become a
Christian. Dr. C. I. Scofield was a lawyer sitting in his office when a Christian
about to leave after transacting, his business asked Scofield, Are you a
Christian? Scofield answered, No, I am not. The man asked Scofield, Why are
you not a Christian? The lawyer answered that no one had ever invited him to be
one. The man told Scofield, Well, I am inviting you right now! Scofield
accepted the invitation to put his faith alone in Christ alone. Later, he supplied the
church with one of its classic study Bibles, The Scofield Reference Bible.
Definition of a Witness (Matthew 11:4)
When John the Baptist was in prison he sent some of his disciples to ask
Jesus, Are you the Expected One, or shall we look for someone else (Matthew
11:3)? Christ stated the principle of witnessing when He answered, Go and report
to John the things which you hear and see (Matthew 11:4). It is true that John was
already a believer. However, this incident helps to illustrate the principle of telling
others about what the Lord has done.
Christians often avoid telling others about Christ, because they are afraid that
they will not be able to answer the questions or objections of the person with
whom they wish to share the gospel. Christians do not need to know all the
answers to all the possible questions. A Christian is someone who has placed his
faith in Jesus Christ. One of the most powerful arguments a Christian can use is to
simply tell the non-Christian how he came to the place where he placed his faith
in Christ.
There is a simple three-point outline for a successful testimony. First, tell what
your life was like before meeting Christ. Second, tell how you met Christ. Third,
tell what changes have occurred in your life since meeting Christ.
Economy of Revelation (Matthew 13:1012)
There comes a time when more information will not help bring a person to
faith in Christ. When Jesus began to teach in parables His
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 36
disciples asked for the reason for the change in His teaching method. The answer
that Jesus gave demonstrates that He practiced an economy of revelation. The
disciples were to learn more about the kingdom of heaven while at the same time
unbelievers were not to have access to this revelation.
This principle one has to apply carefully because Christians do not want to
keep the gospel from anyone. It is helpful to determine if the person that is
hearing the gospel is interested in more information. This is where listening is
important. Christians tend to talk when they should listen and discover what the
non-Christian is thinking.
Sometimes it is helpful to throw out a hook question or statement. If the
bait is not taken this might not be the best time to pursue the subject of a
personal relationship with Christ. One such statement might be, Theres one
thing we all know, one day we are going to die and have to stand before a
righteous God. The person hearing such a statement might not want to talk about
this subject. At this point, it might be best to let the subject drop. Though one
might avoid the subject of anothers eternal destiny at that moment, it is probable
that the non-Christian will ponder that idea and reintroduce it to the person
witnessing for Christ later by saying, What did you mean by that? Now, when
the discussion turns to spiritual things it is because of the interest of the non-
Christian friend.
Become Fishers of Men (Mark 1:17)
Jesus was going by the Sea of Galilee and saw two brothers, Simon and
Andrew, casting a net into the sea. Jesus said to them, Follow Me, and I will make
you become fishers of men (Mark 1:17). These two men joined with the other
disciples, following Jesus for three and one half years. Because of the time spent
with Jesus, they became fishers of men. Using a modern imagery of fishing it is
easy to construct a principle applicable to evangelism. To catch fish three things
are needed: First, to catch fish one needs a fisherman. Next, to attract the fish one
needs good bait. Last, one needs to go where the fish are located.
Every believer is to be a witness, i.e. a fisherman. Christians have the best
bait, i.e. the gospel of Jesus Christ. Christians need to go where the non-
Christians can be found. The great commission was not directed to non-Christians
telling them to go to church. The great commission was directed to Christians
telling them to go into the world and make
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 37
disciples. One hindrance to effective evangelism is the failure of Christians, while
proving to be blameless and innocent, children of God above reproach, to place
themselves in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you
appear as lights in the world, holding fast the word of life (Philippians 2:1516).
The disciples followed Jesus and He made them become fishers of men. They
discovered that He spent most of his time with people. Someone added up the
encounters of Jesus with people and found that he met with folks over a hundred
different times where they lived and worked. He met and spoke with people in the
synagogue or temple less than a dozen times. The principle is simple: fishermen
go where the fish are located.
Principles from Acts
The Church is to be His Witnesses (Acts 1:213)
In Acts 1:8 Jesus gives believers the basic job description of the church. The
Lord exhorts believers to be His witnesses. This is a major responsibility of the
believer. The churchs propensity throughout the centuries is to be sidetracked.
This problem is almost humorously seen in the following, verses where the
angels,, standing in white clothing, prompt the disciples to do what Jesus just told
them to do. We see the humor in the question that the angels address to the
disciples, Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky (Acts 1:11)?
Without this prodding from the angels the disciples would probably, human
nature being what it is, have stayed at that spot, and built a memorial to the
significant event that had just transpired. ,They might have looked around and
made a list of those special people present on that momentous day and made up a
charter membership of the newly formed Church of the Ascension. Others
could join but only the charter members would hold the special place of honor.
The Lord prevented this diversion from the job description to be witnesses. He
sent angels to remind the disciples of the instructions that they had so recently
received.
The Importance of a Testimony (Acts 26)
Paul was on trial for his life before King Agrippa. In this circumstance, Paul
gives a careful presentation of his testimony, with the gospel includ-
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 38
ed. It appears that Paul placed more importance upon the eternal destiny of his
civil judge than upon his own temporal comfort and prospects. Following the
instructions of Jesus to the disciples of John the Baptist, Paul tells King Agrippa
what has taken place in his own life. The outline of the testimony of Paul is:
former life, conversion, and life after conversion.
The Importance of an Invitation (Acts 26:29)
The gospel not only includes the fact that men are sinners and Jesus died for
their sins, but it includes an invitation to receive Christ. Without an invitation to
receive Christ, the gospel has not been completely presented.
Leighton Ford tells of one example where a Christian sitting next to the
governor of an eastern state discovered that the governor was sympathetic, but
had never become a Christian. The Christian asked, Why not? The governor
replied, No one ever asked me. The Christian answered back, Well, Im asking
you. And to his surprise, the governor was open to the gospel.
12
Ability in Old Testament Scriptures (Acts 2:1440)
The church did not begin with the New Testament at its disposal for
evangelistic presentations. They did not have the Four Laws, or the Roman
Road. They did have the Old Testament and could use it effectively. The church
of the twentieth century needs to able to use both the Old Testament and the New
Testament. This can be especially helpful when talking with someone of Jewish
background.
In a home discussion meeting with non-Christians, a participant with a Jewish
background said she was happily surprised when the discussion leader suggested
that she read her Old Testament and look for the references to the Messiah. She
expected to be told to read the New Testament alone and to set aside her heritage.
A Witness is not Always Appreciated (Acts 12:2)
Even when Christians tell others of Christ with the best intentions, the
Christian will not always be well received. James and many other Christians to
follow were put to death for their testimony. Lewis Sperry Chafer aptly describes
the situation when he writes,
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 39
Every soul-winner becomes aware, sooner or later, of the fact that
the vast company of unsaved people do not realize the seriousness
of their lost estate; nor do they become alarmed even when the
most direct warning and appeal is given to them.
13


12
Leighton Ford, How to Give an Honest Invitation, Leadership 5 (Spring 1984): 105-108.
13
Lewis Sperry Chafer, True Evangelism: Winning Souls by Prayer (Grand Rapids: Zondervan,
1919), 53.
Prayer (Matthew 9:38, Acts 1:14)
The example that Christ set was one of prayer. He gave the disciples the
model prayer in the Sermon on the Mount. He specifically told the disciples to
pray that the Lord would send more workers into the harvest. The night He was
betrayed He asked the disciples to pray with Him. Christ prayed to the Father both
in private and in public. The disciples followed that example throughout the book
of Acts.
Lewis Sperry Chafer emphasizes the importance of prayer when he subtitles
his book, True Evangelism, Winning Souls by Prayer. In the chapter he titles,
The Prayer of Intercession, Chafer gives the proper perspective to prayer in
evangelism when he writes, the personal element in true soul-winning work is
more a service of pleading for souls than a service of pleading with souls.
14
Principles from the Letters
Common Ground (1 Corinthians 9:1922)
While in Athens Paul familiarized himself with the interests of the people
(Acts 17:1634). Paul used this information as common ground from which he
presented the gospel to the Athenians. Paul further develops this thought when he
writes to the Corinthians, I have become all thing to all men, that I may by all
means save some (1 Corinthians 9:22). In this passage, Paul divides the human
family into four groups when he writes,
And to the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might win Jews; to those
who are under the Law, as under the Law, though not being myself
under the Law, that I might win those who are under the Law; to
those who are without law, as without law, though not being
without the law of God but under the law of Christ, that I might
win those who are without law. To the weak I became weak, that I
might win the weak (1 Corinthians 9:2022).
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 40
Each of these groups (Jews, those under the Law, those without law, and the
weak), with its own distinctives, is appropriately considered by Paul in his
actions, attitudes, and words while he is in their presence. Paul wants these people
to hear about Christ. He realizes that they will not listen to him if he thoughtlessly
offends these individuals on a non-essential point of argument, or lifestyle. Pauls
purpose for conforming his conversation and lifestyle in the least offensive way
he could manage is stated both before and following this passage. Paul writes, For
though I am free from all men, I have made myself a slave to all, that I might win
the more I have become all things to all men, that I may by all means save some
(1 Corinthians 9:19, 22). Pauls purpose is to win the more and to save some.

14
Chafer, True Evangelism, 93.
The Love of Christ Controls the Christian (2 Corinthians 5:1015;
Matthew 18:2135)
Peter asked Jesus, Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me and I
forgive him (Matthew 18:21)? Jesus gave Peter an answer that demonstrated the
love and forbearance of God. Christians are the recipients of Gods love and grace
through Jesus Christ. Christians are, in turn, to love. those around, them. . This
principle is essential to all forms of evangelism, especially friendship evangelism.
Paul further explains that the love of Christ controls us (2 Corinthians 5:14).
The non-Christian often can discern the motivation of the Christian in his
outreach efforts to the community. The prolific author unknown has given two
epigrams that describe some of the human family and unfortunately some of the
Christian family. There are two kinds of people: Those who ,,use things and love
people, and those who love things and use people. Again, he writes, You will
meet two kinds of people in life: those who try to impress you with their
importance and those who try to make you, feel important. David Watson brings
to our attention a Christian application of these epigrams when he writes, Do
you love people because you want to see them converted; or do you want to see
them converted because you love people?
15
The Christian needs to ask the question, What controls me? Is it desire for
self promotion, or do I love that person for whom Christ died? If the love of
Christ controls, then the Christian will go out of his way to take the message of
Jesus Christ to the non-Christian.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 41
The Christian Ambassador (2 Corinthians 5:1621)
The Christian represents Jesus Christ to the non-Christian world as His
ambassador. Every Christian is a witness for Christ. Paul writes, Therefore, we
are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg
you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God (2 Corinthians 5:20). So, the choice
for the Christian is not whether he will be an ambassador, for all are ambassadors.
The choice is whether he will be a good or poor ambassador. Every Christian
needs to consider his responsibility and act accordingly.
The ambassador of Christ has been given the ministry of reconciliation. He is
to encourage men and women to reconcile to God through Jesus Christ. Everyone
has heard of the invitation song at the end of the evangelistic service that extends
for twenty verses or more. This excessive use of emotional pressure has given the
invitation a bad reputation. Nevertheless, according to Paul there is a time and
place to encourage a decision for Christ. The Christian needs to be sensitive to the

15
David Watson, I Believe in Evangelism, 92.
leading of the Holy Spirit as he follows Pauls example, We beg you on behalf of
Christ, be reconciled to God (2 Corinthians 5:20). This is an invitation!
This passage contains the next most important verse for explaining the Gospel
after the popular John 3:16 passage. Each Christian should be required to make 2
Corinthians 5:21 the second verse he memorizes. The path to God does not come
through human reason, but by revelation. Human reason concludes that you
work your way to heaven. Revelation states: He [God the Father] made Him
[God the Son] who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the
righteousness of God in Him [God the Son] (2 Corinthians 5:21). Christ takes
man s sin and gives him His righteousness. In theological terms, this is the
doctrine of double imputation. Upon faith in Christ, all the sin of the non-believer
is imputed to Christ (whose death on the cross paid the penalty for that sin). At
the same time, the righteousness of Christ is imputed to a believer making him a
child of God. Apart from that transaction a man, woman, or child cannot stand in
the presence of God forever.
Gods Method (2 Corinthians 4:4)
Satan blinds men, thus they live in spiritual darkness. The religious leaders
were, trying to keep the people from., coming to Christ. (Matthew. 12:14). God s
method for penetrating the spiritual darkness is to send His Son who can bind
Satan and set the captives free. The blind men outside of Jericho (Matthew 20:29
34) illustrated in their person satanic blindness that only the Son of God could
heal.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 42
This principle is introduced in Matthew and further developed in Pauls
explanation to the Corinthians. Paul writes, the god of this world has blinded the
minds of the unbelieving, that they might not see the light of the gospel (2
Corinthians 4:4). Paul further writes that the darkness is penetrated in the church
age by Christ living in the life of the believer, for God has shone in our hearts..,
we have this treasure in earthen vessels (2 Corinthians 4:6).
If Christ lives in the life of a Christian, then his life should make a difference.
Paul tells us, we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the surpassing greatness
of the power may be of God and not from ourselves (2 Corinthians 4:7).
When a Christian engages in a witnessing effort and sees others come to
saving faith in Jesus Christ, he cannot say when it is over, What a great job I
did! It is not the great presentation of the Gospel by a silver-tongued evangelist
that brings people to Christ. It is Christ living in the life of the faithful witness
that brings people to Himself.


Walk in Wisdom (Colossians 4:5)
There is a line of division between those who know Christ and unbelievers.
Christ instructs the Christian to walk in wisdom when He says, Behold, I send you
out as sheep in the midst of wolves, therefore be shrewd as serpents, and innocent
as doves (Matthew 10:16). Later in his letters Paul reiterates this truth when he
writes, Conduct yourselves with wisdom toward outsiders, making the most of the
opportunity (Colossians 4:5). This portion of Scripture should keep the Christian
from becoming offensive in the sight of the unbeliever.
Christians need to realize that they have a vocabulary and activity schedule
that is unfamiliar to the non-Christian. When Christians are socializing together
and there are non-Christians present this is an opportunity to apply the truth of
Colossians 4:5. This is not the time to use Christian words or phrases that
exclude the non-Christian. This is not the time to talk about the details of the last
church business or committee meeting. These topics are of little interest to the
non-Christian. When Christians focus their attention on inappropriate topics while
non-Christians are present, they are telling their guests that they are in the wrong
place. Non-Christians are not much different than Christians in some respects.
Both avoid places where they do not feel wanted or comfortable.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 43
Tender Loving Care (1 Thessalonians 2:79)
In his letter, Paul reminds the Thessalonians of his care for them while he
lived in their community. He writes, (b)ut we proved to be gentle among you, as a
nursing mother tenderly cares for her own children (1 Thessalonians 2:7). This
type of care takes into consideration the maturity level of the person receiving the
Gospel. Paul did not give the Thessalonians more than they could absorb, nor did
he expect more from them than they could provide.
Next Paul writes, (h)aving thus a fond affection for you, we were well pleased
to impart to you not only the gospel but also our own lives, because you had
become very dear to us (1 Thessalonians 2:8). This is the key to the passage. Paul
did not come with a polished presentation, collect the decision cards, and then
leave town. Paul did more. He invested his life into the Thessalonian people. A
simple formula might be expressed such as this: Time equals Life. Paul spent time
with the Thessalonian people. It does not take very much to show someone that
you care for them. A small investment of time produces great dividends.
Pauls Final Witnessing Instruction (2 Timothy 2)
This is Pauls last letter before his death. This letter reflects the life experience
of one who followed the heart of God. These are Pauls final words about
witnessing.
First, Paul gives the source of strength for the witness. Be strong in the grace
that is in Christ Jesus (2 Timothy 2:1). This refers back to the first principle, we
serve a seeking God (see Matthew 28:1820 where Jesus taught that the power
and presence of Christ goes with the witness).
Second, Paul compares the witness with a soldier, an athlete, and a farmer.
The soldier does not entangle himself in the affairs of everyday life. The Christian
needs to maintain proper priorities in his life that will not distract from following
the revealed will of God. The athlete does not win the prize unless he competes
according to the rules. God has left careful instructions for the witness. The
farmer is characterized as hard working. (2 Timothy 2:46)
There. is no easy way to bring people to Christ, it takes work. Believers are m
a spiritual battle in which the stakes are the souls of mankind.
Third, Paul stresses the importance of the resurrection. Remember Jesus
Christ, risen from the dead. (2 Timothy 2:8). Jesus promised His disciples and
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 44
the nation of Israel that He would rise from the dead (Matthew 12:38). The
resurrection of Jesus Christ can answer many witnessing questions. Jesus placed
the validity of His ministry, upon this one event. The evidence of the resurrection
presented m the gospels, demonstrated by the changed lives of the apostles
including the apostle Paul, we should study carefully. If Jesus were truly raised
from the dead, then, that makes a difference!
Fourth, Paul warns the Christian on the use of the tongue. Remind them of
these things, and solemnly charge them in the presence of God not to wrangle
about words, which is useless, and leads to the ruin of the hearers (2 Timothy
2:14). If there were a formula in which one could phrase the eleventh
commandment this surely would be it. If a person has been solemnly changed in
the presence of God not to do something, he definitely should not do it. In this
case, Paul is saying, Dont argue!. He again repeats this admonition, and the
Lords bondservant must not be quarrelsome (2 Timothy 2:24).
Fifth, Paul tells the witness what he should do with the tongue. Be kind to all,
able to teach, patient when wronged, with gentleness correcting those who are in
opposition (2 Timothy 2:2425). It is interesting that Paul does not say, be patient
if wronged, but when wronged.
No matter how sincere and loving a Christian may be when sharing Christ
with a non-Christian there are going to be those who are offended and become
antagonistic toward the Christian. If one were not involved in a spiritual battle this
would not occur. Unknown to them, the non-Christian is under conviction by the
Holy Spirit and sub-consciously or consciously is resisting the truth of the
message that the Christian brings. If one were trying to convince him to vote
Democratic or Republican the intensity of his opposition, though he might
disagree, would not be the same. The Christian who decides to tell others about
Christ is truly in a spiritual battle and the opposition the Christian faces is
evidence of that fact This is not to excuse the opposition that some Christians
encounter because they are thoughtless, or lack good manners and sensitivity
There is never any excuse for a Christian to conduct himself in any manner but
with the utmost dignity, honor, and respect.
Finally, Paul gives one of the most unusual promises found in the Scriptures.
Its an if perhaps promise. In this chapter, Paul tells us how to be a successful
witness and then he says, if perhaps God may grant them repentance leading to
the knowledge of the truth (2 Timothy 2:25). Even after one follows all the
instructions on how to be a good witness, the results are still in the hands of God.
This is where the burden should rest. Each
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Christian should follow the instructions trusting God to work through him and
leave the results up to God.
At the end of the chapter, Paul gives one more word of advice. Many
Christians look at the non-Christian as the enemy. Paul writes that the non-
Christian is not the enemy, but the victim of the enemy. When a person
accepts Jesus Christ as their Savior, Paul says that they are escaping from the
snare of the devil, having been held captive by him to do his will (2 Timothy
2:26). Every Christian has been in this spot and needs to exhibit a patient and,,
compassionate heart, toward those, who are still victims of the enemy and have
not yet decided for Christ.
Conclusion
The theology of evangelism has room for development after the popular
presentation we finding most theological works. The evangelists have given much
to the church in their writings The task of including these writings into a fully
developed presentation of the theology of evangelism still lies ahead. The
principles outlined in this paper are part of the study of the theology of
evangelism. These principles are an introduction to the instructions that God has
left the church for effective evangelism. There are many more portions of
Scripture that the believer will discover and should study. God has not left the
believer without proper instructions for the important task of telling others about
His Son.
End
Annotated Bibliography
Chafer, L. S. Systematic Theology: 8 Volumes. Dallas, TX: Dallas Seminary
Press, 194748. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1993. In volume
seven of his systematic theology (Vol. 7, p. 142-146 Kregel edition) Chafer
gives more than three pages to a discussion of evangelism.
Chafer, L. S. True Evangelism: Winning Souls by Prayer. Philadelphia: Sunday
School Times Co., 1919. Reprint. Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 1993.
This is an outstanding book emphasizing the importance of prayer in
evangelism.
Elwell, W. A. Evangelical Dictionary of Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker Books,
1984. An article on pages 38284 titled Evangelism gives a definition along
with the message, method and goals of evangelism.
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 46
Enns, Paul Moody Handbook of Theology. Chicago: Moody Press, 1989. On page
274, he gives half a page to a discussion of the gift of evangelism.
Erickson, M. J. Christian Theology second edition Grand Rapids: Baker Books,
1983, 1998. While discussing the role of the Church on pages 1061-1063,
Erickson describes evangelism as one of the four functions of the Church (the
others being edification, worship and social concern). Erickson adds that both
accounts (Matt. 28:19 and Acts 1:8) of Jesus last words to the Church are
instructive, This was the final point Jesus made to His disciples. It appears
that He regarded evangelism as the very
Enns, Paul Moody Handbook of Theology. Chicago: Moody Press, 1989. On page
274, he gives half a page to a discussion of the gift of evangelism.
Erickson, M. J. Christian Theology second edition Grand Rapids: Baker Books,
1983, 1998. While discussing the role of the Church on pages 1061-1063,
Erickson describes evangelism as one of the four functions of the Church (the
others being edification, worship and social concern). Erickson adds that both
accounts (Matt. 28:19 and Acts 1:8) of Jesus last words to the Church are
instructive, This was the final point Jesus made to His disciples. It appears
that He regarded evangelism as the very reason for their being (Erickson,
Christian Theology, 1061).
Grudem, Wayne Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine
Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994. In the chapter The Nature
and Purposes of the Church, pages 867869, Grudem lists three purposes for
the church: 1) Ministry to God: Worship; 2) Ministry to Believers: Nurture;
and 3) Ministry to the World: Evangelism and Mercy.
Hodge, Charles Systematic Theology: 3 Vols. 187173. Reprint Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1970. Hodge did not write on Ecclesiology or evangelism.
Lightner, R. P. Handbook of Evangelical Theology. Grand Rapids: Kregel
Publications. On pages 234-236, in the context of a discussion of the Church,
he includes a section on the mission in the world: 1) The exaltation of the
Savior and the Scriptures; 2) The edification of the people of God; and 3) The
evangelization of the lost. This is indeed a primary responsibility of the
Church (Lightner, Handbook of Evangelical Theology, 235).
Ryrie, C. C. Basic Theology: A Popular Systematic Guide to Understanding
Biblical Truth. Wheaten, IL: Victor Books, 1986. In the context of a
description
of spiritual gifts, three sentences are given to the gift of evangelism.
Strong, A. H. Systematic Theology. Valley Forge, PA: Judson Press, 1907.
Although Strong has nearly one hundred pages devoted to Ecclesiology, pages
887980, there is no delineation of the mission of the church touching on
evangelism.
Thiessen, H. C. Introductory Lectures in Systematic Theology. Revised by Vernon
D. Doerksen. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 1949. Reprint 1977. On pages 432
437 Thiessen discusses the mission of the Church. He lists evangelism as one
of the seven purposes of the Church in the Scriptures: 1) To
CTSJ 4:4 (October 1998) p. 47
glorify God; 2) To edify itself; 3) To purify itself, 4) To educate its
constituency, 5) To evangelize the world; 6)To act as a restraining and
enlightening force in the world; and 7) To promote all that is good. The
mission of the Church is not to convert the world, but to evangelize it
(Thiessen, Introductory Lectures in Systematic Theology, 434) Thiessen
explains evangelism by saying, the Church is debtor to the whole world, that
is, that the Church is under obligation to give the whole world an opportunity
to hear the gospel and to accept Christ (Thiessen, Introductory lectures in
Systematic Theology, 435).