How your personality affects your

health
YOUR personality colours the lenses through which you view the world, and
now a new study suggests it could also have an impact on your health.
Specifically, conscientious people have a lower risk of having health
problems a decade later than their less-conscientious peers, and highly-
neurotic people are more likely to consider themselves as having poor health.
The findings suggest that personality traits can be assessed during doctor
visits so that doctors can help to develop a more effective preventive health
care plan that will result in a much healthier life, study researcher Salomon
Israel, Ph.D., of Duke University and Duke University Medical Center, said
in a statement.

Warna personaliti ANDA kanta di mana anda melihat dunia, dan kini satu
kajian baru mencadangkan ia juga boleh memberi kesan kepada
health.Specifically anda, orang teliti mempunyai risiko yang lebih rendah
mempunyai masalah kesihatan dekad kemudian daripada rakan-rakan yang
kurang teliti mereka, dan orang-orang yang sangat neurotik lebih cenderung
untuk menganggap diri mereka sebagai mempunyai penemuan health.The
miskin mencadangkan bahawa personaliti boleh dinilai semasa lawatan
doktor supaya doktor boleh membantu untuk membangunkan pencegahan
pelan penjagaan kesihatan yang lebih berkesan yang akan menyebabkan lebih
sihat kehidupan, penyelidik Salomon Israel, Ph.D., Universiti Duke dan Duke
Pusat Perubatan University, berkata dalam satu kenyataan.

The study, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
included examination of the Big Five personality traits: extroversion,
conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism and openness to experience.
The study included 1,037 people from a New Zealand study who were born
between 1972 and 1973 and were followed by researchers until they were age
38.

Penyelidikan yang diterbitkan dalam theJournal Personaliti dan Psikologi
Sosial, termasuklah pemeriksaan Big Five personaliti: ekstroversi, sifat
berhati-hati, personaliti, dengan stres kerja dan keterbukaan kepada
pengalaman. Kajian ini melibatkan 1,037 orang daripada kajian New Zealand
yang lahir antara tahun 1972 dan 1973 dan telah diikuti oleh penyelidik
sehingga mereka berumur 38.
When the participants were age 26, their personalities were assessed by
having a person close to them describe them with the Big Five personality
traits. Their personalities were again assessed when they were age 32, but at
this time point, they were evaluated by a clinical receptionist or nurse (even
though the nurse and receptionist werent aware of the point of the study,
their assessments of the participants personalities was similar to the ones
given by the close family/friends).

Apabila peserta umur 26, personaliti mereka dinilai dengan mempunyai
seseorang yang rapat dengan mereka menggambarkan mereka dengan Big
Five personaliti. Personaliti mereka sekali lagi dinilai apabila mereka umur
32, tetapi pada titik masa ini, mereka telah dinilai oleh penyambut tetamu
atau jururawat klinikal (walaupun jururawat dan penyambut tetamu werent
menyedari sudut kajian, penilaian mereka ke atas peserta personaliti adalah
sama dengan yang diberikan oleh keluarga / rakan-rakan rapat).

Then, the participants underwent physical exams at age 38 to check blood
pressure, liver and kidney functioning, vascular inflammation, lung and heart
fitness and periodontal disease.
Researchers found associations between personality and health at age 38. Just
18 per cent of the people who were the most conscientious in the study
developed health problems such as inflammation, hypertension,
overweight and high cholesterol at age 38, compared with 45 per cent of
the least conscientious people.


Kemudian, para peserta telah menjalani peperiksaan fizikal pada usia 38
untuk memeriksa tekanan darah, hati dan fungsi buah pinggang, keradangan
vaskular, paru-paru dan jantung kecergasan dan disease.Researchers
periodontal mendapati persatuan antara personaliti dan kesihatan pada usia 38
Hanya 18 peratus daripada orang-orang yang adalah yang paling teliti dalam
kajian dibangunkan masalah kesihatan seperti keradangan, tekanan darah
tinggi, berat badan berlebihan dan kolesterol yang tinggi pada usia 38,
berbanding dengan 45 peratus daripada orang-kurangnya teliti.

Interestingly, researchers did not find an association between neuroticism
which has been linked in past studies with health problems and poor health
at age 38, though high neuroticism study participants were more likely to
self-rate their health as poorer later in life.
Although we demonstrate that observer ratings of personality predict future
health, we do not rule out the potential of self-report measures to provide
equally valuable inferences, the researchers wrote in the study. Thus,
although the association between Neuroticism and health appears less robust
than Conscientiousness, the extent to which self-reports of Neuroticism
predict objective health remains an open question.

Menariknya, penyelidik tidak menemui kaitan antara stres kerja yang telah
dikaitkan dalam kajian lepas dengan masalah kesihatan dan kesihatan yang
kurang baik pada usia 38, walaupun peserta kajian dengan stres kerja yang
tinggi adalah lebih cenderung untuk kadar diri kesihatan mereka yang miskin
di kemudian hari. Walaupun kami menunjukkan bahawa penilaian personaliti
pemerhati meramalkan kesihatan masa depan, kami tidak menolak potensi
langkah laporan diri untuk menyediakan kesimpulan sama-sama berharga,
para penyelidik telah menulis dalam kajian ini. Oleh itu, walaupun persatuan
itu antara stres kerja dan kesihatan muncul kurang kukuh daripada sifat
berhati-hati, sejauh mana laporan diri daripada stres kerja meramalkan
kesihatan objektif kekal sebagai soalan terbuka.

With regard to neuroticism in particular, past research has shown that there is
such a thing as healthy neuroticism. While neuroticism is usually
associated with worrying, moodiness and nervousness, University of
Rochester Medical Center researchers found that people who are high in both
conscientiousness and neuroticism are more likely to fully weigh
consequences and have lower levels of a biomarker for inflammation.

Berhubung dengan stres kerja khususnya, kajian lepas telah menunjukkan
bahawa terdapat perkara yang sedemikian sebagai stres kerja yang sihat.
Walaupun stres biasanya dikaitkan dengan membimbangkan, perasaan tidak
menentu dan ketakutan, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Rochester penyelidik
mendapati bahawa orang-orang yang tinggi dalam kedua-dua sifat berhati-
hati dan dengan stres kerja lebih cenderung untuk menimbang sepenuhnya
akibat dan mempunyai tahap yang lebih rendah daripada penanda bio untuk
keradangan.




CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD LEADER
In my assignment I will explain about the characteristics of a good leader. I have
done several researches to identify the important and the qualities to be a good
leader. I have understood that to be leader is not a small thing. It has a lot of
responsible and duty to handle. A leader has to have a very strong personality. A
leader should also understand and be a good leader so he can lead his followers well
and in the right direction. Committed is also an important element, giving 100% of
committed is important to achieve all the goals and to avoid any delay of jobs.
Leader refers to person who has a goal in life. And always being a good example to
others.A leader also can be said as a role model to others, an individual who are
always focused towards his dreams.Leader is an strongly motiveted individual. As the
say goes a leader is not born with the willpower and full strength there is a leader
inside everyone. A leader should abilities not to give up easliy and also hardworking
to achieve his target.
The characterists of a good leader, firstly the character of the leader is important. The
character refers to being a person with strong confident and having a strong
character. For example by strong character the leader will not go down went he face
a failure but he will take the failure as a steping stone and get up quickly to move on
to the next step in life.
Communication skills, is an important element. Communication will help the leader
to easily interact with people and his followers. By having good communication skills
with others, the leader can give and get opinion, shares ldeas and so on.
Commuincation is important to avoid miscommuincation in an organization. A leader
should have this skill to interact with his client from different language and
background as well. Listening skills also important, a leader should listen to his
followers, and get feedback from them. Feedback from the followers is important by
this way the leader gets to know about the followers better. This help to improve the
job too.
Besides this, a leader should have a clear vision on what he is doing. Vision will
gives the leader a clear mindset on what he is doing. Important to have a vision and
working towards achieving it. For example in an organization without a clear mindset
a leader will not have a proper and clear mindset to get things done. Passion or
desires.It important to have passion towards the job we are doing .Without passion or
desires we will not fell satify with the job we are doing. Passion is the door of
achievement.
Positive attitude. A good leader should have a positive attitude and positive
thinking. By being a positive person it gives a lot of inner strenght and bulid confident
in a person life. Positive mindset and attitude always help to understand and gives a
good solution to the problem. A leader has to be a good problem solver as well. To
solve the problem the leader has to be calm and does not blame others for his
mistake. A leader should find the solution to every problem he come across in life.A
leader should not run away from the problem but stand and face it will full confident.
Futhermore, a leader should always be focused on what he is doing to achieve his
goals. Focused and always work closely to achieve his mission and vision in life.By
being focused in life it will be easy to achieve their dreams.A leader should be a
good example to others. In other words be a set of example to others by having a
strong character and also able to lead his followers. Be an example by having a good
and pleasant personality, be a confident and etc.
A leader should be a risk taker. Risk taker in what he is doing. For example bring in
new product or giving a solution to the problems. By being a risk taker it will motivate
to be a good leader in future. A leader should not be scared to try something new but
a leader should accept to the changes in the organization. A leader should also be
tolerant and always remain calm. A leader should be patience and calm at all the
time, especially went making a decision. A leader has to have a control of emotions
too. A leader cannot bring his famliy problem to the office. A leader should always
show a profesional attitude.
Futhremore, a leader should always have am important element which is honest
and intergity. For example a leader should be an honest person.In and company; a
leader should be a good example and must be honest to take over responabitily.
Honest by being trust by others is important to create the trust. Dedication towards
work is a must.The leader should havr the feel of dedication to wards his job.By
having the feel of dedication the leader will feel tha he has the full responibolity
towards his job.
A leader should be an ambitions person. A leader also must like new challenges in
life and always wants to learn something new in life. A leader should be a
disciplined person. Disciplined refers to have control in what he is doing, A leader
should be diciplined by being disciplined and following the rules and regulations of
the company or the organization. A leader must show a very good example to
others.A good personalities is important in being a leader. A leader should know how
to be persentinfront of others. Foe examlpe the leader should know how tgive a good
persentationinfrornt of others as well.
Be a leader has to be courage and brave to face any kind of situation in life.A
leader should also protect his followers as well. Not only protect them but giving them
strenght and courage in what ever they are doing. A leader should also be a good
teacher ti his followers and guide them went they fece difficult in solve any task.
Leader havetoshould give 100% of committed to his job. It is important to give
100% of committed in what he is doing.A leader should also be a good role model to
others. Leader has to be an example by having all the good characteristics in
himself.Being leader is not a simple thing. A leader has to overcome all the opticsal.
A leader should remain calm in what ever problem comes to him. Example of a
leader our DR.Seri Mahathir, had been a good leader to our country Malaysia. He
had ruled the country for several years.He also had work hard to bring success to our
country. A leader shoud have the charchater of care for the team. Care to the team
refers to understand the followers have a close ralationship with each of them. Listen
to them gaving them space and freedom to think and give opinion too. Besides this
having a often meeting with them to know their process by weekly meething and can
give them enough of traning to each task or projects thea the followers are doing.
Praise the followers after each task or projects that they are doing. By just appreciate
them for a good job. Foe example just saying them well done or thanking them will
make a different to them and this will encourage them to do better job in the future.
A leader should also accept critism from others. A leadr should accpet critism as a
feedback and work to be a better person in life. A laeder should not be arrogant to his
followers to have a good working enivorment. Puncity is also an importantto be
leader. By being on time for meeting or wokt it will set a good example to his
followers to follow it.