MEDICAL ACUPUNCTURE

FOR VETERINARIANS
Canine Point Mini-Manual
1


2013 Canine Mini Manual
Table of Contents
Lung (LU) 2-3
Large Intestine (LI) 4-5
Stomach (ST) 6-8
Spleen (SP) 10-11
Heart (HT) 12-13
Small Intestine (SI) 14-15
Bladder (BL) 16-21
Kidney (KI) 22-23
Pericardium (PC) 24-25
Triple Heater (TH) 26-27
Gallbladder (GB) 28-33
Liver (LR) 34-36
Conception Vessel (CV) 38-40
Governor Vessel (GV) 42-44
Extra Points 46-58
Canine-Equine Shu Point Comparison 49-50
Canine-Equine Mu Point Comparison 51-52

2013 IAVMA, Inc. and Narda G. Robinson, DO, DVM, MS. All rights reserved.
2



Lung (LU)
3



Point Name & Location Relevant Anatomy Indications & Point Combinations
LU 1 (Zhong Fu, Central Treasury)
On the chest, medial to the greater
tubercle of the humerus, in the 1
st

intercostal space.
Cervicothoracic
spinal nn
Local pain (LU-1, local points); reduced shoulder
mobility (LU-1, restricted locations); respiratory
disorders (LU-1, BL-13, BL-12)
LU 5 (Chi Ze, Cubit Marsh)
On the lateral aspect of the biceps
brachii tendon at the level of the cubital
crease. Locate with elbow slightly
flexed.
Radial n
Musculocutaneous n
Local elbow pain; distal bicipital tendon pain
(palpate to localize tender points); epistaxis
(LU-5, LU-9)
LU 7 (Lie Que, Divergent Branch)
In the nook proximal to the radial
styloid process.
Superficial radial n
Nervi vasorum
Skin disorders (LU-7, LI-4, ST-36, SP-10); neck
pain (LU-7, SI-3, local neck points); carpal pain
(palpate for tender points); dental pain
(LU-7, LI-4)
LU 9 (Tai Yuan, Great Abyss)
Distal to the radial styloid process, level
with the carpal joint, radial to the radial
a (i.e., toward the dew claw side).
Superficial radial n
Nervi vasorum
Arrhythmias (LU-9, PC-6), hemoptysis
(LU-9, LU-5); carpal pain (palpate for tender
points)
4

Large Intestine
Large Intestine (LI)
5



Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
LI 4 (He Gu, Union Valley)
Midway along the shaft of the 2
nd

metacarpal bone on its radial (dew
claw) side. Alternate location in
the web space between the
dewclaw and digit II.
Radial n
Nervi vasorum in
carpal arterial
arch
Pain or skin irritation along the trajectory of the LI channel
(palpate, observe); headache (LI-4, palpate for pain and
source of head pain); sinus discomfort (LI-4, local sinus
points) sympathetic regulation (LI-4, ST-36, LR-3, GV-20)
LI 10 (Shou San Li, Arm Three Li)
2 cun distal to LI 11, between the
extensor carpi radialis and common
digital extensor mm.
Radial n Lateral elbow pain (palpate for extensor trigger points &
sources of local or referred pain); radial n injury (LI-10,
LI-11, LI-4, caudal cervical spinal n roots)
LI 11 (Qu Chi, Pool at the Bend)
At the lateral end of the cubital
crease of the flexed elbow.
Radial n Lateral elbow pain (palpate for extensor trigger points &
sources of local or referred pain); radial n injury (LI-10,
LI-11, LI-4, caudal cervical spinal n roots); immune
modulation and anti-inflammation (LI-11, LI-4, GV-14,
ST-36)
LI 15 (Jian Yu, Shoulder Bone)
Just cranial and distal to the
acromion process.

Suprascapular n
Axillary n
Shoulder joint pain (LI-15, TH-14, trigger points);
suprascapular n injury (LI-15, cervicothoracic spinal nn
roots, SI-11, SI-12)
LI 20 (Ying Xiang, Welcome
Fragrance)
Lateral to midpoint of the ala nasi.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Rhinitis (LI-20, Yintang), sinusitis, local nasal disorders,
trigeminal neuritis affecting infraorbital n and branches
and thereby reducing nasal discomfort and stuffiness
6


Stomach (ST)
7


Point Name & Location Relevant Anatomy Indications & Point Combinations
ST 2 (Si Bai, Four Whites)
At the infraorbital foramen.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Maxillofacial pain (ST-2); nasal congestion (ST-2,
LI-20); trigeminal neuritis (ST-2, other affected
branches of CN V)
ST 4 (Di Cang, Earth Granary)
Lateral to the labial commissure.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Facial n injury affecting labial or platysma m
function (ST-4, TH-17); orofacial pain (ST-4, ST-2)
ST 6 (Jia Che, Cheek Carriage)
In the belly of the masseter m.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Masticatory pain (ST-6); trigeminal n dysfunction
leading to hypo- or hyper-tonic masseter m
ST 25 (Tian Shu, Celestial Pivot)
Approximately 2 cun lateral to the
center of the umbilicus, in the belly
of the rectus abdominis m.
L1 spinal n Abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, intestinal cramping
(ST-25, ST-36, BL-20, BL-21)
ST 34 (Liang Qiu, Ridge Mound)
2 cun proximal to the patella in the
vastus lateralis m, opposite SP 10.
Femoral n Stifle pain, instability, and/or dysfunction (ST-34,
ST-36, SP-9, SP-10); femoral n injury (ST-34, spinal
segmental input to L4-L6 spinal nn)
ST 35 (Du Bi, Calfs Nose)
Lateral to the patellar ligament.
Femoral n Stifle pain (ST-35, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10, SP-9); patellar
tendinitis (Xiyan= lateral (ST 35) plus its opposite on
the medial aspect of the patellar tendon)
ST 36 (Zu San Li, Leg 3 Miles)
2 cun distal to the tibial plateau, 1
cun lateral to the tibia crest in the
belly of the cranial tibialis m.
Fibular n Stifle pain (ST-35, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10, SP-9); GI
problems and motility issues (ST-36), immune or
inflammatory problems (ST-36, LI-4, LI-11, GV-14);
pelvic limb dysfunction (ST-36, relevant
neuromuscular, peripheral nn, and spinal segments)
8



ST 40 (Feng Long, Bountiful Bulge)
Midway between the lateral
malleolus and the stifle joint
between the cranial tibialis and long
digital extensor mm.
Fibular n Gastrointestinal disorders involving fluid retention
or swelling (ST-40, ST-36, SP-6); lateral crus
myofascial dysfunction or hock instability (ST-40,
palpate for trigger points in the lateral extensors
and peroneal mm/tendons)
ST 41 (Jie Xi, Stream Divide)
On the dorsal hock, between the
tendons of the long digital extensor
and cranial tibialis mm, level with
the lateral malleolus.
Fibular n Tarsal pain and restricted motion (ST-41, ST-36, KI-3,
BL-60)
9


10






Spleen (SP)
11

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
SP 4 (Gong Sun, Grandfather Grandson)
Just distal to the base of the 2
nd

metatarsal bone.
Medial plantar
n
Reproductive dysfunction (SP-4, PC-6, lumbosacral
spinal segments); medial pedal pain (SP-4, palpate for
tenderness)
SP 6 (San Yin Jiao, Three Yin
Intersection)
3 cun proximal to the medial malleolus
along the caudal border of the tibia.
Tibial n Pelvic problems, voiding dysfunction, or reproductive
dysfunction (SP-6, KI-3, relevant lumbosacral spinal
segments); pelvic limb edema (SP-6, SP-9; add manual
lymphatic drainage)
SP 9 (Yin Ling Quan, Yin Mound Spring)
Just distal to the medial tibial condyle.
Saphenous n Stifle pain (SP-9, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10); edema of the
hind limb (SP-9, SP-6); genital pain (SP-6, SP-9, BL-23,
BL-31, BL-32, BL33, Bai Hui); pelvic limb edema (SP-9,
SP-6; add manual lymphatic drainage)
SP 10 (Xue Hai, Sea of Blood)
On the medial side of the thigh, in the
vastus medialis m, 2 cun above the
craniomedial border of the patella.
Opposite ST 34, which is in the vastus
lateralis m.
Femoral n Stifle pain (SP-9, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10); reproductive
disorders (SP-6, SP-10, BL-23, BL-31, BL-32, BL-33,
Bai Hui); erythematous and/or pruritic skin conditions
(SP-10, LI-4, LI-11, ST-36, GV-14)
12

Heart (HT)

Heart (HT)
13


Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatom
y
Indications & Point Combinations
HT 3 (Shao Hai, Lesser Sea)
At the medial end of the crease of the
flexed elbow, cranial to the medial
humeral epicondyle.
Ulnar n Emotional stress/anxiety (HT-3, HT-7, ST-36, GV-20); epilepsy
that worsens with stress (HT-3, LR-3, ST-36, GV-20, other
vagal neuromodulatory points); medial elbow pain (HT-3,
relevant trigger points or pain sites); ulnar neuropathy (HT-3,
HT-7, GV-14; palpate for myofascial regions of nerve
entrapment)
HT 7 (Shen Men, Spirit Gate)
On the lateral carpus, lateral to the
flexor carpi ulnaris and superficial digital
flexor tendons.
Ulnar n Emotional stress/anxiety (HT-7, ST-36, GV-20)
HT 8 (Shao Fu, Lesser Palace)
Enter caudal to the metacarpal pad
between the 4
th
and 5
th
metacarpals;
thread under the pad.
Ulnar n Thoracic limb neurologic dysfunction (HT-8, Baxie, caudal
cervical ventral spinal nerve points); degenerative joint
disease in the manus (HT-8, local tender points)
HT 9 (Shao Chong, Lesser Rushing)
On the radial aspect of the nail bed of
the 5
th
(most lateral) digit of the manus.
Ulnar n Fever (HT-9, GV-14, GV-20); coma (HT-9, GV-20)
14

Small Intestine (SI)



Small Intestine (SI)
15


Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
SI 3 (Hou Xi, Back Stream)
On the ulnar manus, just proximal to the 5
th

metacarpophalangeal joint.
Ulnar n Cervicothoracic pain or nerve injury (SI-3, BL-10,
local tender points); local pain (SI-3, palpate for
tender points); ulnar neuropathy (SI-3, SI-8,
myofascial restriction entrapping ulnar n brr)
SI 8 (Xiao Hai, Small Sea)
Over the ulnar nerve groove between the
medial humeral epicondyle and the
olecranon process of the ulna.
Ulnar n Medial epicondylitis/elbow pain (SI-8, HT-3, local
points, trigger points); ulnar neuropathy (SI-8, SI-3,
HT-7, caudal spinal nns exit points on lateral neck)
SI 9 (Jian Zhen, True Shoulder)
In a depression on the caudal border of the
deltoid m, between the long and lateral
heads of the triceps brachii m.
Axillary n
Radial n
Shoulder or thoracic limb pain (SI-9, treat source of
pain (TH-14, LI-15 for joint pain; trigger points for
soft tissue pain, consider spinal n contribution)
SI 11 (Tian Zong, Celestial Gathering)
In the middle of the belly of the infraspinatus
m, in the infraspinous fossa.
Suprascapular
n
Myofascial dysfunction (SI-11, check for trigger
points in the triceps, digital extensors, etc.)
SI 12 (Bing Feng, Grasping the Wind)
In the middle of the belly of the
supraspinatus m, in the supraspinous fossa.
Suprascapular
n
Myofascial dysfunction (SI-12, other local trigger
points related to shoulder function)
SI 19 (Ting Gong, Palace of Hearing)
On the caudal zygomatic region, in a
depression rostral to the tragus, dorsal to
the condylar process of the mandible
(palpated readily with the mouth open).
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Otitis media and externa (SI-19, TH-17, TH-20);
temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain (SI-19, SI-18,
temporalis trigger points, BL-10)
16

B(BL)

Bladder (BL)
17

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
BL 1 (Jing Ming, Bright Eyes)
Immediately dorsal to the medial canthus.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Epiphora, lacrimal duct dysfunction (BL-1,
ST-2). Needle cautiously.
BL 2 (Zan Zhu, Gathered Bamboo)
Directly above BL 1 along the orbital rim.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Eye pain and keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(BL-2, TH-23, GB-1); frontal sinusitis (BL-2,
tender facial points)
BL 10 (Tian Zhu, Celestial Pillar)
Just caudal to the wing of the atlas on the
dorsolateral neck region.
Greater occipital
n (C2)
Cervical pain, tension (BL-10, local trigger
points, GV-14, tense inner Bladder line
points along the back, ST-36); headache
(BL-10, GV-20, local trigger and tender
points); vertigo (BL-10, GB-20, TH-20,
GB-34, GV-20, local tender points); nasal
obstruction (BL-10, LI-20, Yintang)
BL 11 (Da Zhu, Great Shuttle)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 1
st
thoracic vertebra, mid-way
from the spinous process to the medial border of
the scapula.
Cervicothoracic
spinal nn
Tension and pain locally or regionally (BL-11
and local tender/trigger points)
BL 12 (Feng Men, Wind Gate)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 2
nd
thoracic vertebra, midway
between the spinous process and the medial
border of the scapula.
Cervicothoracic
spinal nn
Early upper respiratory illness or lung
problem (BL-12, BL-13, LU-1, LU-7);
tracheal irritation (BL-12, CV-22)
BL 13 (Fei Shu, Lung Shu)
Same as BL 12 but lateral to T3.
Upper thoracic
spinal nn
Lung problems (BL-13, LU-1, GV-14, ST-36);
local pain
18

BL 14 (Jue Yin Shu, Reverting Yin Shu)
Same as BL 12 but lateral to T4.
Upper thoracic
spinal nn
Heart palpitations (BL-14, BL-15, PC-6,
ST-36); local pain
BL 15 (Xin Shu, Heart Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 5
th
thoracic vertebra, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Upper thoracic
spinal nn
Heart problems (BL-14, BL-15, PC-6, ST-36);
local pain; anxiety (BL-15, CV-17, HT-7,
GV-20, LR-3)
BL 17 (Ge Shu, Diaphragm Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 7
th
thoracic vertebra, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Hiccoughs, spasmodic coughs (BL-17,
CV-15, CV-22); local pain
BL 18 (Gan Shu, Liver Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 10
th
thoracic vertebra, between
the longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Liver problems (BL-18, LR-14, ST-36); local
pain
BL 19 (Dan Shu, Gall Bladder Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 11
th
thoracic vertebra, between
the longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Hepatobiliary problems (BL-19, GB-24,
GB-34); local pain
BL 20 (Pi Shu, Spleen Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 12
th
thoracic vertebra, between
the longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Caudal thoracic
spinal nn
Digestive problems, poor appetite, or
diarrhea (BL-20, BL-21, BL-25, ST-36, CV-12)
BL 21 (Wei Shu, Stomach Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 13
th
thoracic vertebra, between
the longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Caudal thoracic
spinal nn
Digestive problems, poor appetite, or
diarrhea (BL-20, BL-21, ST-25, ST-36, CV-12)
19

BL 22 (San Jiao Shu, Triple Burner Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 1
st
lumbar vertebra, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Thoracolumbar
spinal nn
Abdominal distension with fluid
accumulation (BL-22, CV-5, KI-16); adrenal
problems (BL-22, BL-23, BL-52)
BL 23 (Shen Shu, Kidney Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 2
nd
lumbar vertebra, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Thoracolumbar
spinal nn
Kidney problems (BL-23, GB-25, KI-3, GV-4);
genitourinary disorders (BL-23, Bai Hui,
BL-28, CV-3, KI-3, SP-6, GV-20); lumbar and
pelvic pain (BL-23, BL-25, Bai Hui, SP-6,
local pain or trigger points,
BL-60, KI-3)
BL 25 (Da Chang Shu, Large Intestine Shu)
Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of the 5
th
umbar vertebra, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Cranial lumbar nn Intestinal pain, distension, poor digestion,
constipation, diarrhea (BL-21, BL-20, BL-25,
ST-25, ST-36)
BL 27 (Xiao Chang Shu, Small Intestine Shu)
Lateral to the 1
st
sacral foramen, between the
medial border of the cranial dorsal iliac spine
and the sacrum.
S1 spinal n Genitourinary problems, including
incontinence, cystitis, prostatitis,
impotence (BL-27, BL-28, BL-23, Bai Hui,
KI-3, SP-6, CV-3); small intestine issues
(BL-27, CV-4, ST-36); sacroiliac dysfunction
BL 28 (Pang Guang Shu, Bladder Shu)
Lateral to the 2
nd
sacral foramen, between the
medial border of the cranial dorsal iliac spine
and the sacrum.
S2 spinal n Genitourinary problems, including
incontinence, cystitis, feline urologic
syndrome, prostatitis, impotence (BL-27,
BL-28, BL-23, Bai Hui, KI-3, SP-6, CV-3);
sacroiliac dysfunction
20

BL 35 (Hui Yang, Meeting of Yang)
In the skin fold lateral to the base of the tail.
Sacral spinal nn Sacral pain, tail dysfunction (BL-35, GV-2,
local points); anorectal disorders (BL-35,
GV-1, BL-57,
Bai Hui), priapism (BL-35,
BL-31, BL-33, Bai Hui)
BL 36 (Cheng Fu, Hold and Support)
Ventral to the tuber ischii, at the attachments of
the semitendinosus and semimembranosus mm.
Sciatic n Sciatic neuralgia or nerve injury (BL-36,
BL-26, BL-27, BL-40, BL-39, KI-3); hamstring
mm tension/myofascial restriction (BL-36,
myofascial tender points)
BL 39 (Wei Yang, Outside of the Crook)
On the lateral end of the popliteal crease, just
medial to the tendon of the biceps femoris m
(Note: Location differs from equine).
Common fibular
n
Pelvic limb pain or paresis (BL-39, relevant
trigger points or points related to the
neurologic or spinal cord injury); urinary
retention or incontinence (BL-39, KI-3, SP-6,
BL-28, BL-23)
BL 40 (Wei Zhong, Middle of the Crook)
In the center of the popliteal fossa.
Tibial n Pelvic limb pain/paresis (BL-40, relevant
trigger points related to the neurologic or
spinal cord injury); urinary retention (BL-40,
KI-3, SP-6, BL-28, BL-23); stifle pain (BL-40,
ST-36, ST-34, SP-9, SP-10)
BL 52 (Zhi Shi, Residence of the Will)
3 cun lateral to the caudal border of the spinous
process of L2, at the lateral border of the
iliocostalis m, level with BL 23.
Thoracolumbar
spinal nn
Kidney problems (BL-23, BL-52, GB-25, KI-3,
GV-4); genitourinary disorders (BL-23,
BL-28, BL-31, BL-33, CV-3, KI-3, SP-6);
lumbar or pelvic pain (BL-23, BL-52, Bai Hui,
SP-6, local pain or trigger points, BL-60,
KI-3)
21


BL 54 (Zhi Bian, Sequential Limit)
Just dorsal to the greater trochanter.

Sciatic n Hip or gluteal pain (BL-54, GB-29, GB-30);
sciatic n dysfunction (BL-54, GB-30, BL-36,
BL-40, BL-39, BL-60, KI-3)
BL 60 (Kun Lun, Kunlun Mountains)
Between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneal
tendon.
Fibular n
Tibial n
Spinal or pelvic limb pain (BL-60,
local/myofascial trigger points related to
the pain problem)
BL 62 (Shen Mai, Extending Vessel)
Just caudodistal to the lateral malleolus.
Fibular n
Tibial n
Tarsal pain (BL-62, local points and
myofascial trigger points related to the pain
problem)
BL 67 (Zhi Yin, Reaching Yin)
Lateral to the nail bed of the most lateral (5
th
)
digit of the pes.
Fibular n
Tibial n
Malposition of the fetus (BL-67); placental
retention (BL-67, BL-31, BL-33, Bai Hui);
distal stimulation of digital nn for pelvic
limb neuropraxia
22





Kidney (KI)
23




Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
KI 1 (Yong Quan, Gushing Spring)
Between the 2
nd
and 3
rd
metatarsal
bones, under the metatarsal pad.
Tibial n Shock (KI-1, HT-9, GV-26); coma (KI-1, GV-20, Yintang); pain
or swelling of the pes (KI-1, Bafeng); neuropraxia of the
pelvic limb (KI-1, ST-36, Bafeng, related peripheral nerves,
spinal segments); status epilepticus
KI 3 (Tai Xi, Supreme Stream)
In the depression between the
medial malleolus and the calcaneal
tendon.
Tibial n Urinary problems (KI-3, SP-6, BL-23, BL-28, CV-3, Bai Hui);
reproductive problems (KI-3, SP-6, SP-10, Bai Hui, BL-27,
BL-28, GV-20); voiding dysfunction in general
KI 6 (Zhao Hai, Shining Sea)
Just craniodistal to the medial
malleolus.
Tibial n Tarsal pain (KI-6, BL-62, relevant painful points)
KI 7 (Fu Liu, Returning Current")
2 cun proximal to the tip of the
medial malleolus just cranial to the
calcaneal tendon.
Tibial n Calcaneal tendinitis/pain (KI-7, relevant local points)
24





Pericardium (PC)
25



Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
PC 3 (Qu Ze, Marsh at the Crook)
In the cubital crease, on the medial side of
the biceps brachii tendon.
Median n Bicipital tendon pain (PC-3, LU-5); median n injury
(PC-3, PC-6)
PC 6 (Nei Guan, Inner Pass)
2 cun proximal to the carpal joint, between
the tendons of the flexor digitorum
superficialis and flexor carpi radialis.
Median n Nausea and vomiting (PC-6); cardiac arrhythmias (PC-6,
HT-7); disorders of the cranial GI tract (PC-6, ST-36);
agitation (PC-6, HT-7, LR-3, GV-20)
PC 8 (Lao Gong, Palace of Toil)
Between the 2
nd
and 3
rd
metacarpal bones,
under the pad.
Median n Thoracic limb neurologic dysfunction (PC-8, Baxie,
relevant neural pathways); thermoregulation disorders
of the manus; palmar pain


Triple Heater (TH)
26
27

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
TH 3 (Zhong Zhu, Central Islet)
On the dorsal manus, proximal to the 4
th
and 5
th

metacarpophalangeal joints.
Radial n
Ulnar n
Local pain in the manus, digits
TH 5 (Wai Guan, Outer Pass)
2 cun proximal to the carpus between the
radius and ulna.
Radial n Local pain, distal antebrachium; myofascial
restriction of the extensors of the antebrachium
TH 10 (Tian Jing, Celestial Well)
1 cun proximal to the olecranon at the
tendinomuscular intersection of the long head
of the triceps brachii m.
Ulnar n Elbow pain related to triceps restriction, triceps
tendinopathy at the olecranon process, or
enthesiopathy (TH-10, local points)
TH 14 (Jian Liao, Shoulder Crevice)
Caudodistal to the acromion.
Suprascapular
n
Shoulder pain (TH-14, LI-15, local tension or pain
points); suprascapular n injury (TH-14, LI-15,
SI-11, SI-12, caudal cervical ventral nerve root
points)
TH 17 (Yi Feng, Wind Screen)
Ventral to the ear, between the wing of the
atlas and the mandibular process.
Facial n Facial n injury (TH-17; add points along involved
facial n brr)
TH 21 (Er Men, Ear Gate)
Rostroventral to the pretragic notch, dorsal to
the condylar process when the mouth is open.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
TMJ dysfunction (TH-21, SI-19, SI-18); facial n
injury involving auriculopalpebral br of CN VII
(TH-21, GB-2, TH-17)
TH 23 (Si Zhu Kong, Silken Bamboo Hollow)
Lateral to the zygomatic process of the frontal
bone.
CN V, CN VII Eye pain, dry eye (TH-23, GB-1, BL-2, BL-10,
ST-36)



Gallbladder
(GB)
28
29








30


31

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
GB 1 (Tong Zi Liao, Pupil Crevice)
Near the lateral canthus, dorsal to the frontal
process of the zygomatic bone.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Eye pain, dry eye (TH-23, GB-1, BL-2, BL-10,
ST-36); facial n injury (TH-17, GB-1, relevant facial
n branches/associated points)
GB 2 (Ting Hui, Auditory Convergence)
Ventral to the intertragic incisure, at the
caudal border of the condylar process of the
mandible, located with mouth open.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
C2 spinal n
Ear problems, including otitis media (GB-2, TH-17,
TH-21, BL-10, GV-14); facial numbness and
paralysis (GB-2, relevant facial n
branches/associated points); TMJ dysfunction
(TH-21, SI-19, GB-2, SI-18)
GB 14 (Yang Bai, Whiteness of Yang)
1 cun above the orbital rim in line with the
pupil.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Frontal sinusitis and headaches (GB-14, BL-2,
BL-10, GV-20); eye pain (GB-14, local eye points);
epilepsy (GB-14, GV-20, ST-36, BL-10, other
pertinent points for patient stress or
cervicocephalic myofascial dysfunction)
GB 20 (Feng Chi, Wind Pool)
Craniolateral to BL-10, between the
attachments of the sterno-occipitalis portion
of the sternocephalicus and the cleidocervical
portion of the brachiocephalicus m; caudal to
the base of the ear.
Facial n
C2 spinal n
Early upper respiratory infection (GB-20, GV-14,
LI-4, LU-7); head and neck pain (GB-20, BL-10,
tender and local points), eye problems (GB-20,
GV-20, local eye points), vertigo (GB-20, BL-10,
GV-20, GB-34, TH-17, Yintang)
GB 21 (Jian Jing, Shoulder Well)
Midpoint of the cranial border of the scapula.
Caudal
cervical spinal
nn
Local or regional muscle tension (GB-21, local
tender or trigger points); thoracic limb
dysfunction (involvement of local mm identified
by palpation)
32

GB 24 (Ri Yue, Sun and Moon)
In a depression ventral to the costochondral
junction at the 9
th
intercostal space,
caudodorsal to LR-14.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Hepatobiliary problems (GB-24, LR-14, ST-36,
LR-3); intercostal neuralgia (GB-24, tender local
points); regional pain (GB-24, local tender or
trigger points)
GB 25 (Jing Men, Capital Gate)
On the lateral side of the abdomen, at the tip
of the 13
th
rib.
Caudal
thoracic
spinal nn
Kidney problems (GB-25, BL-23, BL-52, GV-4);
regional pain (GB-25, local points)
GB 29 (Ju Liao, Squatting Bone-Hole)
One-third the distance from the greater
trochanter to the cranial dorsal iliac spine.
Cranial
gluteal n
Hip problems (GB-29, GB-30, BL-54, local tender
or trigger points)
GB 30 (Huan Tiao, Jumping Round)
Midway between the greater trochanter and
the tuber ischii.

Sciatic n Hip problems (GB-29, GB-30, BL-54, local tender
or trigger points); sciatic n dysfunction (GB-30,
BL-54, BL-36, BL-37, BL-39, BL-40, Bafeng); sciatic
pain
(GB-30, BL-26 BL-27, Bai Hui, BL-37, ST-36, BL-60)
GB 31 (Feng Shi, Wind Market)
On the midline of the lateral aspect of the
thigh, 7 cun above the popliteal crease.
Femoral n
Sciatic n
Hip or pelvic limb pain or neurologic dysfunction
(use as local point in addition to GB-29, GB-30,
BL-54, local tender or trigger points)
GB 33 (Xi Yang Guan, Knee Yang Joint)
On the lateral stifle, proximal to the joint line,
in a depression caudal to the femur in the
biceps femoris m.

Fibular n Pain, arthritis, and/or edema of the stifle (GB-33,
local stifle points, palpate for tender points)
33



GB 34 (Yang Ling Quan, Yang Mound Spring)
In the depression cranial and distal to the
fibular head.

Fibular n Stifle pain (GB-34, GB-33, ST-36, SP-9, SP-10);
musculotendinous pain or tension (GB-34 plus
local tender points); hepatobiliary disorders
(GB-34, GB-24, LR-14, BL-19, BL-18); lateral pelvic
limb or hip discomfort (GB-34, regional points)
GB 39 (Jue Gu, Severed Bone)
3 cun proximal to the lateral malleolus in the
depression between the caudal border of the
fibula and the tendons of the peroneus
(fibularis) longus and brevis mm.
Fibular n Pelvic limb pain, movement problems and/or
stiffness (GB-39, local points, regional points,
tender points); bone marrow disorders (GB-39,
ST-36, BL-17)
GB 41 (Zu Lin Qi, Foot Governor of Tears)
In the depression distal to the junction of the
4
th
and 5
th
metatarsals, lateral to the extensor
digitorum longus tendon.
Fibular n Local foot pain (GB-41 plus local or tender
points); eye problems (GB-41 plus local eye
points)
34









Liver (LR)
35

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
LR 2 (Xing Jian, Moving
Between)
Between the 2
nd
and 3
rd
digit
of the pelvic limb, distal to
the metatarsophalangeal
joint.
Deep fibular n Pelvic limb paresis (LR-2 as part of the Bafeng points, ST-36,
relevant spinal segments); agitation (LR-2, HT-7, GV-20)
LR 3 (Tai Chong, Great
Rushing)
Midway along the groove
between the 2
nd
and 3
rd

metatarsal bones.
Deep fibular n Seizures (LR-3, ST-36, HT-3, GV-20, Sishencong, BL-10); anxiety
(LR-3, HT-3, GV-20); foot pain (LR-3, local pain problems);
hepatobiliary disorders (LR-3, ST-36, LR-14, GB-24, BL-18, BL-19);
headaches (LR-3, LI-4, GV-20, local painful points on the head);
genital pain or inflammation (LR-3, SP-6, BL-25, BL-27, Bai Hui);
endocrine and metabolic disorders (LR-3, LI-4, ST-36, appropriate
visceral spinal segmental points)
LR 8 (Qu Quan, Spring at the
Crook)
On the medial side of the
stifle joint, caudodistal to
medial condyle of the femur,
at the level of the joint line.
Saphenous n
Tibial n (to
joint capsule)
Reproductive disorders (genital pain or inflammation (LR-8, SP-6,
BL-25, BL-27, Bai Hui); respiratory allergies (LR-8, LI-4, LU-7, LI-11),
urticaria (LR-8, SP-10, LI-4, ST-36); stifle problems and pain (GB-34,
GB-33, ST-36, SP-9, SP-10, LR-8)
36



LR 13 (Zhang Men, Screen
Gate)
On the lateral side of the
abdomen, just ventral and
cranial to the tip of the 12
th

rib.
Caudal
thoracic
spinal nn
Digestive problems, vomiting, abdominal swelling, diarrhea (LR-13,
ST-36, SP-6, CV-12)
LR 14 (Qi Men, Cycle Gate)
On the mammary line, at the
level of the 8
th
intercostal
space.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Digestive problems, vomiting, abdominal swelling, diarrhea (LR-14,
ST-36, SP-6, CV-12); hiccups (LR-14, CV-15, CV-22, BL-17 (consider
firm acupressure at these sites)
37

38

Conception Vessel (CV)

39

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
CV 1 (Hui Yin, Meeting of Yin)
On the perineal region, in the depression between
the anus and the caudal border of the scrotum in
males, or caudal labial commissure in females.
Sacral spinal nn Emergency resuscitation of a drowned
patient (CV-1, GV-26); genitourinary
problems (CV-1, CV-3, BL-23, BL-28,
KI-3, SP-6)
CV 3 (Zhong Ji, Central Pole)
4 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 1 cun cranial to the
symphysis pubis, on the midline.
Cranial lumbar
spinal nn
Genitourinary, especially bladder,
problems (CV-1, CV-3, BL-23, BL-28,
KI-3, SP-6)
CV 4 (Guan Yuan, Gate of Origin)
3 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 2 cun cranial to the
symphysis pubis, on the midline.
Cranial lumbar
spinal nn
Uterine problems (CV-4, BL-31 to BL-33,
SP-6, LR-8)
CV 5 (Shi Men, Stone Gate)
2 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 3 cun cranial to the
symphysis pubis, on the midline.
Cranial lumbar
spinal nn
Caudal abdominal pain (CV-5, ST-36),
ascites (CV-5, BL-22, ST-25, SP-9)
CV 6 (Qi Hai, Sea of Qi)
1.5 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 3.5 cun cranial to
the symphysis pubis, on the midline.
Cranial lumbar
spinal nn
Periumbilical abdominal pain (CV-6,
ST-25, ST-36), ascites (CV-6, BL-22,
ST-25, SP-9)
CV 8 (Shen Que, Spirit Gateway)
In the center of the umbilicus.

L1 spinal n Avoid needling here; warm with moxa
or laser; diarrhea (CV-8, ST-25, ST-36)
CV 12 (Zhong Guan, Middle Cavity)
Halfway between the umbilicus and the xiphisternal
synchondrosis, on the midline.
Midthoracic
spinal nn
Abdominal problems, including
processes of food absorption and
assimilation
(CV-12, BL-21, ST-36, SP-6)
40


CV 14 (Ju Que, Great Tower Gate)
Halfway between CV 12 and the xiphisternal
synchondrosis, on the midline.

Midthoracic
spinal nn
Anxiety (CV-14, HT-7, LR-3, GV-20),
palpitations, emesis, or emotional
problems upsetting the stomach
(CV-14, PC-6, LR-3)
CV 17 (Shan Zhong, Chest Center)
On the ventral midline, at the level of the fourth
intercostal space.

Cranial thoracic
spinal nn
Anxiety, stress, or cardiac problems
(CV-17, BL-14, BL-15, GV-20, HT-7);
coughing, chest discomfort (CV-17,
LU-1, BL-13, LU-7; consider LI-4, LU-5)
CV 22 (Tian Tu, Celestial Chimney)
At the cranial tip of the manubrium.

Cervicothoracic
spinal nn
Thyroid, throat, and tongue issues
(CV-22, CV-23, ST-9, LI-4); cough,
asthma, other respiratory problems
(CV-22, LU-7, BL-23, BL-13, LU-1);
hiccups (CV-22, BL-17)
41


42


Governor Vessel (GV)


43

Point Name & Location Relevant
Anatomy
Indications & Point Combinations
GV 1 (Chang Qiang, Long
Strong
In the depression between
the anus and base of the tail.
Sacral nn Diarrhea (GV-1), fecal incontinence (GV-1, BL-39, GVT), rectal
prolapse (GV-1, Bai Hui), ejaculatory problems (GV-1, Bai Hui,
BL-27, BL-28)
GV 2 (Yao Shu, Lumbar
Shu)
Sacrocaudal junction.
Sacral nn Anal dysfunction (GV-2 +/- GV-1, BL-35, sacral nn points)
GV 3 (Yao Yang Guan,
Lumbar Yang Gate)
Along the dorsal midline in
the depression caudal to the
spinous process of L4.
Midlumbar
spinal nn
Lumbar pain (GV-3, BL-23, BL-25)
GV 4 (Ming Men, Life Gate)
Along the dorsal midline in
the depression caudal to the
spinous process of L2.
Thoracolumbar
spinal nn
Lumbar pain (GV-4, BL-23, local lumbar tender and trigger points,
BL-40, BL-60), pelvic analgesia (GV-4, BL-23, BL-25, SP-6),
genitourinary dysfunction (GV-4, BL-27, BL-28, SP-6)
GV 14 (Daz Hui, Great
Vertebra
On the midline, between the
dorsal spinous processes of
the last cervical and first
thoracic vertebrae.
Cervicothoracic
spinal nn
Neck and back pain (GV-14, spinal segmental and tender or
trigger points), thoracic limb pain and weakness (GV-14,
pertinent points according to neurologic injury or pain),
respiratory problems (GV-14, BL-13, LU-1, LU-7, ST-36), epilepsy
(GV-14, GV-20, ST-36, LR-3, HT-3), fever (GV-14, LI-4, LI-11,
GV-20), immunologic dysfunction (GV-14, LI-4, ST-36, SP-10)
44



GV 20 (Bai Hui, 100
Convergences)
On the dorsal midline of the
skull, in a notch at the rostral
end of the external sagittal
crest (a.k.a., parietal crest).
Trigeminal n
Cranial cervical
spinal nn
Agitation (GV-20, HT-7, LR-2), epilepsy (GV-20, ST-36, HT-7, PC-6,
local head and neck points), headaches (GV-20, local points),
dizziness (GV-20, BL-10 or GB-20, GB-34, LR-3), cerebrovascular
accident (GV-20, pertinent points related to neurologic
dysfunction and brain area(s) affected)
GV 26 (Shui Gou, Water
Trough)
In the intersection of the T
formed below the nose, in the
philtrum.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Cardiopulmonary collapse (vigorous stimulation of GV-26), status
epilepticus (GV-26)
45



46


Extra Points


47

Point Name & Location Relevant Anatomy Indications & Point Combinations
Bai Hui (100 Convergences)
A depression on the dorsal midline in the
lumbosacral space.

Mid- to caudal lumbar
spinal nn
Lumbosacral pain (Bai Hui, local tender or
trigger points, BL-40, BL-60), pelvic limb
pain or neurologic dysfunction (Bai Hui,
relevant points for pain or neurologic
dysfunction), pelvic organ or reproductive
problems (Bai Hui, BL-27, BL-28, SP-6,
KI-3)
Yintang (Hall of Impression)
On the dorsal midline of the head, between
the eyebrow equivalents.
Trigeminal n
Facial n
Frontal sinusitis (Yintang, BL-2, GB-14,
GV-20, BL-10), frontal headache (Yintang,
trigger points, BL-10, LI-4), epilepsy
(Yintang, GV-20, LR-3, ST-36, GV-14)

Cervical spinal nerve points
(not shown)
In the groove at the lateral aspect of the
neck along the course of the
omotransversarius m.
Cervical spinal nn Cervical intervertebral disk disease, neck
pain (add relevant trigger points)
Xiyan (Eyes of the Knee)
A pair of points in the depressions medial
and lateral to the patellar ligament; the
lateral point = ST-35.
Saphenous n Stifle joint pain (Xiyan, ST-36, ST-34, SP-9,
SP-10); patellar tendinitis (Xiyan)
Baxie (Eight Evils)
Points located on the dorsum of the front
paw, distal to the metacarpophalangeal
Digital nn Thoracic limb neuropraxia (Baxie, relevant
neurologic pathways and spinal
segments), manus discomfort (Baxie,
48

joints, proximal to the web margins. tender points)
Bafeng (Eight Winds)
Points located on the dorsum of the hind
paw, distal to the metatarsophalangeal
joints, proximal to the web margins.
Digital nn Pelvic limb neuropraxia (Bafeng, relevant
neurologic pathways and spinal
segments), pedal discomfort (Bafeng,
tender points)
GVT or Weijian (Tip of Tail)
At the tip of the tail.


Caudal spinal nn Fecal incontinence (GVT or points at
lateral aspect of tail where spinal nn exit);
tail neuropraxia. Often, a more
productive point is found on the lateral
aspects of the tail at the junction of the
most proximal and middle thirds.
49


Canine Shu Points Equine Shu Points Associated Organ
BL 13 Lateral to the caudal border of the
spinous process of the T3 vertebra, midway
between the spinous process and the
medial border of the scapula.
BL 13 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline, at
the caudal edge of the scapular cartilage in
the 8
th
intercostal space, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Lung
BL 14 Same as BL 13, but lateral to T4. BL 14 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline, in
the 9
th
intercostal space, between the
longissimus and iliocostalis mm.
Pericardium
BL 15 Lateral to the caudal border of the
spinous process of the 5
th
thoracic vertebra,
between the longissimus and iliocostalis
mm, lateral to T5.
BL 15 In line with BL 14, lateral to T10. Heart
BL 18 In line with BL 15, lateral to T10. BL 18 In line with BL 14, lateral to T13 and
T14.
Liver
BL 19 In line with BL 15, lateral to T11. BL 19 In line with BL 14, lateral to T15. Gallbladder
BL 20 In line with BL 15, lateral to T12. BL 20 In line with BL 14, lateral to T17. Spleen
BL 21 In line with BL 15, but lateral to
T13.
BL 21 In line with BL 14, lateral to T18. Stomach
BL 22 In line with BL 15, lateral to L1. BL 22 In line with BL 14, between L1 and
L2.
Triple Heater
BL 23 In line with BL 15, lateral to L2. BL 23 In line with BL 14, between L2 and
L3.
Kidney
50

BL 25 In line with BL 15, lateral to L5. BL 25 In line with BL 14, between L5 and
L6, or between L4 and L5 if the horse lacks an
L6.
Large Intestine
BL 27 Lateral to the S1 foramen, between
the medial border of the dorsal sacral iliac
spine and the sacrum.
BL 27 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline,
between the spinous processes of S1 and S2.
Small Intestine
BL 28 Lateral to the S2 foramen, between
the medial border of the dorsal iliac spine
and the sacrum.

BL 28 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline,
between the spinous processes of S2 and S3.
Urinary Bladder
51

Canine Mu Points Equine Mu Points Associated Organ
LU 1 On the chest, medial to the greater
tubercle of the humerus, in the 1
st

intercostal space.
LU 1 In the center of the descending
pectoral m, medial to the humerus, directly
medial to the cephalic vein, in the 1
st

intercostal space.

Lung
CV 17 On the ventral midline, at the level
of the 4
th
intercostal space.
CV 17 On the ventral midline, in a large
depression, at the level of the caudal border
of the olecranon.
Pericardium
CV 14 Midway between CV-12 and the
xiphisternal synchondrosis, on the midline.
CV 14 On the ventral midline at about the
level of the xiphoid.
Heart
LR 14 On the mammary line, at the level
of the 8
th
intercostal space.
LR 14 In the 13
th
intercostal space at the
level of the elbow, between the external
abdominal oblique m and the internal and
external intercostal mm.
Liver
GB 24 In a depression ventral to the
costochondral junction at the 9
th
intercostal
space, caudodorsal to LR 14.
GB 24 In the 14
th
intercostal space, just
caudodorsal to LR 14.
Gallbladder
LR 13 On the lateral abdomen, just
cranioventral to the tip of the 12
th
rib.
LR 13 At the distal end of the 17
th
rib. Spleen
CV 12 Midway between the umbilicus and
the xiphisternal synchondrosis, on the
midline.
CV 12 On the ventral midline, midway
between the xiphoid process and the
umbilicus.
Stomach
CV 5 2 cun caudal to the umbilicus, 3 cun
cranial to the symphysis pubis, on the
midline.
CV 5 On the ventral midline, halfway
between the pubic symphysis and the
umbilicus.
Triple Heater
52

GB 25 On the lateral abdomen, at the tip
of the 13
th
rib.
GB 25 Midway on a vertical line drawn from
the caudal border of the costochondral
junction of the 18
th
rib to the ventral border
of the iliocostalis m.
Kidney
ST 25 Approximately 2 cun lateral to the
center of the umbilicus, in the rectus
abdominis m, midway between its lateral
border (linea semilunaris) and the linea
alba.
ST 25 1.5 cun lateral to the umbilicus. Large Intestine
CV 4 3 cun caudal to the umbilicus, 2 cun
cranial to the symphysis pubis, on the
midline.
CV 4 3 cun caudal to the umbilicus, 2 cun
cranial to the symphysis pubis, on the
midline.
Small Intestine
CV 3 4 cun caudal to the umbilicus, 1 cun
cranial to the symphysis pubis, on the
midline.
CV 3 4 cun caudal to the umbilicus on the
ventral midline.
Urinary Bladder


53



54