8/14/2014

Math Division, IMSP, UPLB 1

NOTIONOFASET
Learningobjectives:
Uponcompletionyoushouldbeableto:
Giveexamplesofaset
Nametheelementsofaset
Describeasetusingtherosterandrule
method
Giveexamplesofemptyanduniversal
sets.
NOTIONOFASET
2
A SET is a well-defined collection
of objects, real or imagined.
NOTIONOFASET
Examples:
ThesetofallUPLBstudentsenrolledthis1
st

semester.
ThesetofallcastsinPureLove.

3
Try this!
Whichofthefollowingisaset?

1. CollectionofallbarangaysinLosBanos
2. Collection of allhandsomeinstructors
3. Collection of all intelligent students
4. Collection of allnumbersnear100
5. Collection of allstudentswhopassedMath11
NOTIONOFASET
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REMEMBER:

Asetiswell-definedifitispossibleto
determinewhetheragivenobject
belongstothesetornot.
NOTIONOFASET
5
NOTIONOFASET
6
Giventhesetofallprovincesinthe
Philippines,whichareincludedintheset?
Ilo-ilo?
Bohol?
Sorsogon?
Laguna?
Batangas
City?
Buenos
Aires?
8/14/2014
Math Division, IMSP, UPLB 2
Tonameaset,weusuallyusecapitalletters.
Forthegivenset,thesetofallprovincesinthe
Philippines,wemayuseP.
Theobjectsthatmakeupasetarecalledelements.
NOTIONOFASET
Thus,____,____,____and____areelementsof P
while____and____arenotelementsofP.
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Insymbols,wewrite,incasebelongstoset.
Thus,inourexample,wewrite

NOTIONOFASET
Otherwise,wewrite.
A a A
A a
Sorsogon P
Buenos Aires P
8
a
Setscanbedescribedbyenumeratingtheelements,
separatedbycommas,andenclosedinapairof
braces.
Thus,thesetofalllettersinthewordMATHEMATICS,
denotedbyL,canalsobedescribedas
NOTIONOFASET
Thismethodofdescribingsetsiscalledrosteror
enumerationmethod.

, , , , , , , L MAT H E I C S
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Describethefollowingsetsusingthe
rostermethod:
1. Setofallpossibleoutcomeswhenyou
tossacoin

2. SetofallrecitationteachersofMATH
11Yof1
st
semesterAY2014-2015
NOTIONOFASET
Try this!
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Anotherwayofdescribingsetsisbythe
rulemethod.
Inthismethod,avariableisusedto
representtheelements,thisisfollowedby
abar,andthenaruledescribingthe
propertycommontoalltheelements.

Ofcourse,theseareenclosedinapairof
braces.
NOTIONOFASET
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Example1:ThesetofallRGEPcourses
offeredinUPLB,denotedbyG,canbewritten
usingtherulemethodinthefollowingway:
NOTIONOFASET
in UPLB offered course RGEP an is | x x G
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Example2:
is a natural number between 1,000 and 1,000,000 B x x
8/14/2014
Math Division, IMSP, UPLB 3
NOTIONOFASET
When is the rule method more advantageous to use
than the roster method?
When is the roster method more useful than the
rule method?
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Therearesetsthataresospecialtheyaregiven
specificnames.
Oneofthemistheemptyset,denotedby{}or.
Theemptysethasnoelement.
NOTIONOFASET
Examplesare:

1. Thesetofpositivenumberslessthan-6.
2. Thesetofcountrieswithnopeople.
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