Công Nghệ Mạng MAN-E

I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MNH
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA

Khoa in in t
B mn Vin thng
-------o0o-------

N MN HC 2
TM HIU V MNG MAN-E

GVHD: ThS. H Vn Khng
SVTH: Phan Dng Vy
Lp: DD09DV5
MSSV: 40903403

TP.HCM, thng 06 nm 2014
n mn hc 2 Tm hiu v mng MAN-E
SVTH: Phan Dng Vy Trang 2

MC LC
Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn..................................................................................... 3
Li cm n ........................................................................................................................... 4
Danh mc hnh v ............................................................................................................... 5
Danh mc bng biu ........................................................................................................... 7
Thut ng vit tt ............................................................................................................... 8
Li ni u......................................................................................................................... 11
Chng I: Gii thiu v mng MAN-E............................................................................. 13
1.1 Mng th MAN v cng ngh Ethernet.................................................................... 13
1.2 Cc c tnh ca mng MAN-E..................................................................................... 15
1.3 Cu trc mng MAN-E................................................................................................. 19
Kt lun chng.................................................................................................................. 22
Chng II: Cc cng ngh mng MAN-E......................................................................... 23
2.1 Ethernet over SONET/SDH.......................................................................................... 23
2.2 Resilient Packer Ring (RPR)......................................................................................... 29
2.3 Gigabit Ethernet............................................................................................................. 35
2.4 MPLS/GMPLS.............................................................................................................. 38
2.5 IEE 802.1Q v Q-in-Q................................................................................................... 40
2.6 Cng ngh MAC-in-MAC (PBB/PBT)......................................................................... 43
Kt lun chng.................................................................................................................. 47
Chng III: Cc dch v ca mng MAN-E..................................................................... 48
3.1 u im ca cc dch v cung cp qua MAN-E........................................................... 49
3.2 Cc loi dch v MAN-E c bn................................................................................... 51
3.3 Cc thuc tnh dch v Ethernet.................................................................................... 60
3.4 V d mt s dch v..................................................................................................... 78
Kt lun chng.................................................................................................................. 84
Chng IV: Tnh hnh trin khai mng MAN-E ca VNPT............................................. 85
4.1 Mng th bng rng u tin ti Vit Nam .............................................................. 85
4.2 Tnh hnh trin khai MAN-E ca VNPT hin nay ...................................................... 88
Kt lun ............................................................................................................................. 91
Ti liu tham kho............................................................................................................. 90

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Ch k ca gio vin hng dn


LI CM N

Li u tin em xin chn thnh cm n thy H Vn Khng
cng qu thy c b mn Vin Thng, khoa in - in T, trng
i Hc Bch Khoa Thnh Ph H Ch Minh.

Trong qu trnh thc hin n gp cc kh khn v thi gian
cng nh hn ch v kin thc v kinh nghim thit k. Nhng
c hng dn v ch dy nhit tnh ca qu thy c gip em
khc phc c nhng kh khn v c th hon thnh tt n.

Bn cnh , em cng xin gi li cm n n cc bn sinh
vin tp th lp DD09DV5, nhit tnh gip trong qu trnh tm
kim ti liu cng nh thc hin em c th hon thnh n
trong thi gian sm nht.

SV thc hin............

Phan Dng Vy.........


DANH MC HNH V

Hnh 1-1. Mng th MAN
Hnh 1-2. Truyn dn TDM trong mng th MAN
Hnh 1-3. So snh TDM vi Ethernet
Hnh 1-4. Cu trc mng MAN-E in hnh
Hnh 2-1. Ethernet over SONET/SDH
Hnh 2-2. Chc nng EoS trong ADM
Hnh 2-3. Chc nng EoS trong switc
Hnh 2-4. Chc nng EoS v chuyn mch trong ADM
Hnh 2-5. Lung tp trung o
Hnh 2-6. Truyn dn Ethernet SONET/SDH
Hnh 2-7. M hnh mng s dng RPR
Hnh 2-8. Hot ng thm, bt v chuyn tip trong RPR
Hnh 2-9. Bo v trong RPR
Hnh 2-10. Cu trc Hub-and-Spoke
Hnh 2-11. Cu hnh ring Gigabit Ethernet
Hnh 2-12. Spanning Tree trong cu hnh ring Gigabit Ethernet
Hnh 2-13. Cu trc gi tin MPLS
Hnh 2-14. Mng Ethernet th MPLS
Hnh 2-15. Cu trc nhn VLAN
Hnh 2-16. Cc trng trong Q-in-Q
Hnh 2-17. Nhn P-VLAN c thm vo khung dch v ca khch hng
Hnh 2-18. Cc trng trong khung M-in-M
Hnh 3-1 M hnh dch v c bn
Hnh 3-2. Dch v E-Line s dng EVC im-im
Hnh 3-3. Dch v E-Line tng t Frame Relay
Hnh 3-4. Dch v E-line tng t nh s dng knh ring
Hnh 3-5. Dch v E-LAN s dng EVC a im-a im
Hnh 3-6. Dch v E-LAN trng t Frame Relay
14
16
18
20
24
24
25
25
27
28
30
32
34
36
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
44
48
51
52
53
54
55

Hnh 3-7. Thm mi mt UNI trng hp s dng dch v E-Line
Hnh 3-8. Thm mi mt UNI trng hp s dng mt E-LAN
Hnh 3-9. EVC gc - a im
Hnh 3-10. Kiu dch v E-tree s dng EVC gc a im
Hnh 3-11. Dch v E-Tree s dng nhiu UNI gc
Hnh 3-12. Thuc tnh mu ca khung dch v
Hnh 3-13: S phn chia tr khung
Hnh 3-14. V d v mt khung trong EVC im-im.
Hnh 3-15. nh dng khung VLAN
Hnh 3-16. H tr gn nhn VLAN
Hnh 3-17. Ghp nhiu dch v vi cc EVC im-im
Hnh 3-18. Truy nhp Internet qua mt EVC im-im
Hnh 3-19. LAN m rng s dng dch v E-LAN
Hnh 3-20. V d Intranet/Extranet L2VPN
Hnh 4-1. M hnh xy dng mng MAN ca TP.HCM
55
56
57
58
59
62
64
67
68
73
76
79
81
82
86


DANH MC BNG BIU

Bng 2-1. ngha cc trng trong M-in-M
Bng 3-1. V d thuc tnh dch v
Bng 3-2. Cc giao thc iu khin lp 2
Bng 3-3. Cc kh nng c th h tr nhn VLAN ti mt UNI
44
71
72
76


THUT NG VIT TT
Vit tt Ting Anh Ting Vit
ADM Add-Drop Multiplexer B ghp knh xen-r
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode Ch chuyn mch khng ng
b
CE Customer Edge Pha khch hng
CoS Class of Service Lp dch v
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check M sa li vng
CWDM/
DWDM
Coarse/ Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplex
Ghp knh theo bc sng ghp
lng/ghp mt cao
DSL Digital subscriber line ng thu bao s
DXC Digital Cross-Connect B u cho s
E-LAN Ethernet LAN Service Dch v LAN ethernet
EoS Ethernet over SDH Ethernet trn SDH
FICON Fibre Connection Kt ni si quang
GE Gigabit Ethenet Gigabit Ethenet
GFP-F/T Framing mapped/Transparent Generic
Framing Procedure
Th tc lp khung tng qut theo
khung/trong sut
GMPLS Generalized Multiprotocol Label
Switching
Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc
tng qut
HIS High Speed Internet Service Dch v Internet tc cao
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force T chc c nhim k thut
Internet
IP Internet Protocol Giao thc internet
ISIS Intermediate SystemtoIntermediate
System
Kt ni h thng trung gian n
h thng trung gian
ISP Internet Service Provider Nh cung cp dch v internet
ITU-T International Telecommunications Union
(Telecommunications Standardisation
Hip hi vin thng quc t

Sector)
LAN Local area network Mng ni b
LCAT Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme C ch iu chnh dung lng
tuyn
LSP Label-Switched Path ng chuyn mch nhn
LSR Label-Switched Router B nh tuyn chuyn mch nhn
MAC Medium Access Control iu khin truy nhp mi trng
MAN Metro Area Network Mng vng th
MPLS MultiProtocol Label Switching Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc
NGN Next Generation network Mng th h sau
NG-SDH Next Generation SDH SDH th h sau
NNI Network to Network Interface Giao din kt ni Mng Mng
OA&M Operation, Administration and
Maintenance
Vn hnh, qun l v bo dng
OADM Optical Add Drop Multiplexer B ghp knh xen r quang
OSPF Open Shortest Path First Thut ton chn ng ngn nht
OXC Optical Cross-connect Thit b kt ni cho quang
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Phn cp s cn ng b
PDU Protocol Data Unit Khi d liu giao thc
PIM Protocol Independent Multicast Pht tn multicsat c lp vi
giao thc
PPP Point to Point Protocol Giao thc im-ti-im
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network Mng in thoi cng cng
QoS Quality of Service Cht lng dch v
RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol Giao thc dnh trc ti nguyn
SAN Storage area network Mng lu tr
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy H thng phn cp s ng b
SLA Service Level Agreement Tho thun mc dch v
SONET Synchronous Optical Network Mng quang ng b

SSM Source Specific Multicast Pht tn multicast theo ngun
STM-n Synchronous Transport Module level N M-dun truyn ti ng b mc n
TCP Transmission Control Protocol Giao thc iu khin truyn ti
TDM Time division multiplexing Ghp knh theo thi gian
UNI User-to-Network Interface Giao din kt ni ngi s dng
mng
VCAT Virtual Concatenation Ghp chui o
VCC Virtual Channel Connection Knh kt ni o
VLAN Virtual LAN LAN o
VPN Virtual Private Network Mng ring o
WAN Wide area network Mng din rng
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplex Ghp knh theo bc sng


Li ni u
Trn th gii cng nh ti Vit Nam, cc ngnh dch v c tc tng trng
ngy cng cao. Vit Nam trong my nm gn y ngnh Bu Chnh Vin
Thng gp phn khng nh vo s pht trin ca t nc. Vit Nam c
nh gi l quc gia c tc pht trin Cng Ngh Thng Tin v Vin
Thng hng u th gii. Trong ng gp ca ngnh Vin Thng ni ring
l rt ln.

Khng ngng ln mnh cng thi gian, ngnh vin thng Vit Nam v
ang cung cp ngy cng nhiu loi hnh dch v vin thng ti ngi dn vi
c cht lng v s lng khng ngng c ci thin. Ngi dn Vit Nam
gi y c hng nhiu loi hnh dch v vin thng tng ng nh
ti cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Trong s cc nh cung cp dch v vin
thng Vit Nam, Tp on Bu Chnh Vin Thng Vit Nam VNPT l
mt n v i u. V di ng, hai cng ty c vn ca tp on l VinaPhone
v MobiFone ang nm gi tng s thu bao ln nht. Trong lnh vc truyn
dn, VNPT khng ngng nng cao dung lng mng truyn dn, hin nay
Cng ty in ton v truyn dn s liu VDC xy dng v a vo s
dng mng truyn dn ng trc mi VN2 a tng dung lng ng
truyn Internet i quc t ln 45Gbps v trong nc t gn 57,5Gbps. Cng
trong lnh vc truyn dn, hin nay VNPT v ang trin khai xy dng
mng MAN-E (Metro Area Network Ethernet) trn khp cc tnh thnh
trong c nc. MAN-E l mt gii php nhm p ng nh cu truyn s liu
ngy cng ln ca cc khch hng l t chc, doanh nghip cng nh c nhn.


Trong vai tr mt sinh vin, vic nghin cu tm hiu nhng cng ngh ang
c p dng bn cnh nhng cng ngh mi l ht sc cn thit. Do em
la chn ti Tm hiu v mng MAN-E. Ni dung ti ny gm 4
chng:
- Chng I: Gii thiu tng quan v mng MAN-E vi cc c im
ng ch ca mng.
- Chng II: Gii thiu v cc cng ngh c th c s dng xy
dng mng MAN-E.
- Chng III: Trnh by v cc dch c cung cp trn mng MAN-E.
- Chng IV: Gii thiu s lc v tnh hnh trin khai mng MAN-E
ti Vit Nam ca VNPT.

Mc d c gng ht sc, tuy nhin do hn ch v ti liu cng nh qu
trnh dch thut cn nhiu li nn cc vn c trnh by trong n vn
cha th mang tnh hon chnh, rt mong cc thy c v cc bn gp thm.

Phan Dng Vy.........


CHNG I GII THIU V MNG MAN-E

Trong chng ny, chng ta s ln lt tm hiu v cc ch sau:
- Mng MAN-E l g?
- Cc c tnh ca mng MAN-E.
- Cu trc ca mng MAN-E.

1.1 Mng th - MAN v cng ngh Ethernet

MAN l vit tt ca Metro Area Network l mt mng d liu bng
rng trong phm vi a l c mt thnh ph, cung cp tch hp cc dch v
truyn thng nh d liu, thoi v hnh nh. Mng MAN l nhnh u tin
ca h thng mng ton cu kt ni ngi dng, khch hng ti mng WAN.
Cc i tng s dng m mng MAN hng ti bao gm cc khch hng c
nhn v cc doanh nghip, v d nh cc cng xng ln (LEs), vn phng
va v nh (SOHO), cc nh kinh doanh va v nh (SMBs), cc dch v cp
pht ti nguyn ng (MTUs), cc chung c (MDUs) (xem hnh 1-1).

B phn ca mng th kt ni vi cc khch hng c gi l last
mile biu th nhnh cui cng ca mng d liu. Tuy nhin nu t khch
hng lm trung tm, ngi ta li gi nhnh ny l first mile biu th
quyn li khch hng l hng u. Mt t c biu t ngha c th hn l
u cui, bi nhnh cui cng ca mng d liu thng l th thch ln
nht, c chi ph xy dng cao nht v cng l ro cn cui cng ca tin trnh
chuyn i t mng th sang mng d liu tp trung tc cao (high-speed
data-centric network). Kt ni gia cc phn t ca mng MAN thng l cp

quang hoc c th l khng dy. Cc cng ngh c s dng cho mng
MAN nh ATM, FDDI, DQDB v SMDS.
Core
Edge
Metro
Customer

Hnh 1-1. Mng th MAN

Ethernet l cng ngh c s dng rng ri cho mng LAN. Cng
ngh Ethernet do Robert Melancton Metcafe pht minh ra ti trung tm
nghin cu Xeror Palo Alto t nhng nm 1970. Lc , h thng Ethernet
ch chy vi tc xp x 3Mbps. Nm 1980, c t Ethernet chnh thc ra
i t nghin cu ca lin minh DEC-Intel-Xeror. Tc Ethernet lc
c m rng ln 10Mbps. Sau , cng ngh Ethernet c a vo y ban
cc tiu chun LAN ca IEEE (IEEE 802). Nm 1985, chun Ethernet l
IEEE 802.3 c pht hnh. Ethernet hot ng theo giao thc cm nhn
sng mang CSMA/CD. Tc Ethernet ngy cng tng, t 10Mbps ban u
ln 100Mbps, 1000Mbps (1Gbps), 10Gbps, 40 Gbps v c th ln ti
100Gbps. Hin nay chun tc cao nht c pht hnh l 10Gbps, chun
40Gbps v 100Gbps vn ang c pht trin v cha hon thin. Cng theo

, mi trng truyn dn chuyn t cp ng sang cp quang. S dng
truyn dn bng cp quang v tc truyn dn cao l yu t quan trng
xy dng cc mng dung lng ln, cht lng cao p ng nhu cu ngy
cng ln ca khch hng.

MAN-E c xy dng kt ni cc mng cc b ca cc t chc v
c nhn vi mt mng din rng WAN hay vi Internet s dng cc chun
Ethernet. MAN-E cung dch v truyn ti khung Ethernet v cung cp cc
giao din kt ni Ethernet ti khch hng.

1.2 Cc c tnh ca mng MAN-E:

thy c s n gin v tit kim chi ph ca MAN-E, ta xt mt
mng MAN truyn thng s dng cng ngh TDM. Mt mng MAN s dng
cng ngh TDM in hnh bao gm cc trang thit b TDM c t cc
tng hm ca cc ta nh khch hng v cc trm chuyn i d liu a
phng (Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier - ILEC). Cc trang thit b ca
TDM bao gm cc b ghp knh s, cc b kt ni cho k thut s (Digital
Access Cross-connects - DACs), cc b ghp knh SONET/SDH, v.v


Hnh 1-2. Truyn dn TDM trong mng MAN

Hnh v m t hai trng hp trin khai kt ni ti khch hng l kt
ni on-net v kt ni off-net. Trng hp on-net, nh cung cp dch v s
cung cp mt ng cp quang ti tn nh khch hng, v bn pha khch
hng s c thit b ghp xen r ADM cung cp cc ng T1 hoc DS3/OCn
ti tng ngi s dng u cui ring. Trng hp ny, cc b ghp knh s
nh M13 s c chc nng ghp nhiu ng T1 thnh mt ng DS3 hoc
nhiu ng DS3 thnh mt ng OCn c th truyn dn qua mng
quang SONET/SDH ti tng i. Kt ni off-net l khi khng c ng cp
quang ti nh khch hng, kt ni c thc hin qua cc ng cp ng T1
hoc DS3 c tp hp li ti tng i s dng b ni cho truy cp s DAC.
Lung tng ny c truyn dn ti cc tng i trung tm, ti cc lung
ny kt thc hoc truy cp ti WAN ty theo dch v ca khch hng ang s
dng.

Trin khai v iu hnh mt mng thun TDM rt tn km v cng
ngh TDM khng linh hot i vi nhu cu ca khch hng. Gi thnh
trin khai mt mng th bao gm c chi ph c nh v thit b, c s h
tng ln chi ph iu hnh. Chi ph iu hnh mng bao gm cc chi ph v
thit k, lp t, vn hnh, bo dng, qun l Gi thnh to nn dch v
s tc ng ln ti thnh cng ca vic a dch v ti khch hng. Chi
ph cho cc thit b truyn dn cng thp th gi thnh dch v c a ti
khch hng cng thp.

Kh khn ln m giao din TDM gp phi l bng thng cung cp
khng truyn tnh theo yu cu ca khch hng m tng theo cc mc c nh.
V d mt giao din T1 cung cp lung 1.5Mbps, mc tip theo l DS3 vi
45Mbps, mc cao hn l OC3 155Mbps Khi bng thng khch hng yu
cu ln hn 1.5Mbps th buc nh cung cp phi lp nhiu ng T1 hoc
cung cp cho khch hng mt ng DS3 mi. Ko theo phi thay i c
giao din vt l cung cp cho khch hng. Chi ph pht sinh trong vic thay
i gy nh hng chnh ti c khch hng v nh cung cp. Khng ch th,
khi giao din pha khch hng thay i, nh mng cng phi thay i giao
din ti tng i thch ng vi knh trin khai. Vic ny thng xuyn
xy ra v nhu cu ca khch hng ngy cng a dng. Cc dch v nh
Channelized DS1, Channelized DS3 hay Channelized OCn c th cung cp
bng thng thay i linh hot, tuy nhin phi mt chi ph ln cho cc router v
giao din cung cp dch v ny. Chnh iu ny lm cho giao din truy cp
Ethernet t c li th ln trong mi trng mng th. So vi cc chun
TDM th giao din Ethernet 10/100/1000 Mbps linh hot hn trong vic ghp
tch lung.


Hnh 1-3. So snh TDM vi Ethernet
Hnh v so snh s khc nhau gia kt ni TDM v Ethernet trong vic
cung cp truy nhp Internet. Vi mng th s dng cng ngh TDM, nh
cung cp kt ni a ra mt ng kt ni im-im t POP ca ISP ti
khch hng. Vic qun l a ch IP v nh truyn c ISP thc hin ti
POP. iu ny to ra ranh gii gia vic cung cp kt ni v cung cp dch v
Internet. Vi mng th s dng cng ngh Ethernet, giao din pha khch
hng v pha ISP u l Ethernet. Nh cung cp kt ni qun l kt ni lp 2
(L2), trong khi ISP qun l cc dch v IP. iu ny m ra c hi cc nh
cung cp kt ni c th nng cp cc dch v m rng trn cng mt kt ni
Ethernet m khng cn phi thay i h tng mng ca mnh cng nh cc
thit b cung cp cho khch hng.

T nhng iu dn v thng qua v d trn, chng ta c th tng kt
c cc u im ca cng ngh Ethernet so vi cng ngh TDM thng
thng nh sau:

+ Tnh d s dng: Dch v Ethernet da trn giao din Ethernet chun,
dng rng ri trong cc h thng mng cc b. Hu nh tt c cc thit
b v my ch trong cc mng LAN c u kt ni Ethernet.
+ Tnh kinh t: Ethernet c s dng ph bin trong hu ht ht cc
thit b mng nn chi ph lp t thit b c giao din Ethernet l khng
cao. Gi thnh thit b thp, chi ph qun tr v vn hnh thp cho php
thu bao thm bng thng khi cn thit v khch hng ch chi tr cho
nhng g h cn.
+ Tnh linh hot: Nh cung cp d dng cung cp cc dch v nh
Intranet VPN, Extranet VPN, kt ni Internet tc cao ti ISP. Thay
i bng thng nhanh chng, mm do.
+ Tnh chun ha: Hin nay MEF ang tip tc nh ngha v chun
ha cc loi dch v v thuc tnh ny, cho php cc nh cung cp dch
v c kh nng trao i gii php ca h mt cch r rng, cc thu bao
c th hiu v so snh cc dch v mt cch tt hn.

1.3 Cu trc ca mng MAN-E:

Kin trc mng MAN-E in hnh c th m t nh hnh 1-4. Phn
mng truy nhp Metro tp hp lu lng t cc khu vc (c quan, to nh...)
trong khu vc ca mng Metro. M hnh in hnh thng c xy dng
xung quanh cc vng Ring quang vi mi vng Ring truy nhp MAN gm t
5 n 10 node. Nhng vng Ring ny mang lu lng t cc khch hng khc
nhau n cc im POP m cc im ny c kt ni vi nhau bng mng

li Metro. Mt mng li Metro in hnh s bao ph c nhiu thnh ph
hoc mt khu vc tp trung nhiu doanh nghip.

CISCOSYS TEMS
CISCOSYS TEMS
Hnh 1-4. Cu trc mng MAN-E

Mt phn quan trng ca nhng mng li Metro ny l cc trung tm
d liu, thng c t ti cc node quan trng ca mng li Metro c th
truy nhp d dng. Nhng trung tm d liu ny phc v ch yu cho ni
dung cc host gn ngi s dng. y cng chnh l ni m cc dch v t
nh cung cp dch v khc (Outsourced services) c cung cp cho cc
khch hng ca mng MAN-E. Qu trnh truy nhp n ng trc Internet -
c cung cp ti mt hoc mt s im POP cu thnh nn mng li Metro.

Theo nh ngha ca Metro Ethernet Forum trong MEF4 (Metro
Ethernet Architecture Framework - Part 1), mng Metro Ethernet s c xy
dng theo 3 lp: Lp Dch V Ethernet h tr cc dch v truyn thng d
liu L2 Ethernet c bn; t hp ca mt hoc nhiu Lp Truyn Ti Dch V
h tr; v c th bao gm Lp Dch V ng Dng h tr cho cc ng dng
trn nn L2 Ethernet. M hnh mng theo cc lp da trn quan h

client/server. Bn cnh , mi lp mng ny c th c thit k theo cc
mt phng iu khin, d liu, qun tr trong tng lp, bao gm:
+ Lp dch v Ethernet (ETH layer): Lp dch v Ethernet c chc
nng truyn ti cc dch v hng kt ni chuyn mch da trn a ch
MAC. Cc bn tin Ethernet s c truyn qua h thng thng qua cc
giao din hng ni b, hng bn ngoi c quy nh r rng, gn
vi cc im tham chiu. Lp ETH cng phi cung cp cc kh nng v
OAM, kh nng pht trin dch v trong vic qun l cc dch v
Ethernet hng k ni. Ti cc giao din hng bn ngoi ca lp ETH,
cc bn tin bao gm: Ethernet unicast, multicast hoc broadcast, tun
th theo chun IEEE 802.3 2002.
+ Lp truyn ti dch v (TRAN layer): Lp truyn ti dch v h tr
kt ni gia cc phn t ca lp ETH. C th s dng nhiu cng ngh
khc nhau dng thc hin vic h tr kt ni. Mt s v d: IEEE
802.1, SONET/SDH, ATM VC, OTN ODUK, PDH DS1/E1, MPLS
LSP Cc cng ngh truyn ti trn, n lt mnh li c th do nhiu
cng ngh khc h tr, c tip tc nh vy cho n lp vt l nh cp
quang, cp ng, khng dy.
+ Lp dch v v ng dng (APP layer): Lp dch v ng dng h
tr cc dch v s dng truyn ti trn nn Ethernet ca mng MEN. C
nhiu dch v trong bao gm c cc vic s dng lp ETH nh mt
lp TRAN cho cc lp nh: IP, MPLS, PDH


Kt lun chng I:

Trong chng ny, chng ta nm c nhng khi nim c bn v mng
MAN-E, kho st s khc bit cng nh u im ca mng MAN s dng
cng ngh Ethernet i vi mng MAN truyn thng s dng cng ngh
TDM, qua rt ra c nhng c tnh c bn ca mt mng MAN-E.
Chng ta cng tm hiu qua v cu trc mt mng MAN-E c bn, cng
nh cc lp cu thnh n.

Trong chng tip theo, chng ta s i su hn vo vic tm hiu cc cng
ngh xy dng mng MAN-E.


CHNG II - CC CNG NGH MNG MAN-
E

Cc dch v v ng dng ca MAN-E khng nht thit phi yu cu s dng
Ethernet lm cng ngh truyn dn lp di, mng MAN-E cn c th c
xy dng bi cc cng ngh khc, trong chng ny chng ta s ln lt tm
hiu cc cng ngh:
- Ethernet over SONET/SDH (EOS).
- Resilient Packet Ring (RPR).
- Gigabit Ethernet.
- MPLS/GMPLS.
- PBB/PBT.

2.1 Ethernet over SONET/SDH (EOS)

Gii php ny c s dng tn dng h tng mng WAN c sn vi
cng ngh SONET/SDH. Vn ch yu trong gii php ny l vic qun l
bng thng, bi v cc vng ring SONET/SDH dung lng thp d dng b
qu ti bi cc dch v d liu.

Li ch ca EOS l n cung cp dch v Ethernet trong khi vn gi
c nhng u im ca h tng mng SONET/SDH nh kh nng phc hi
nhanh, gim st cht lng ng truyn v tn dng c h qun l mng
SONET OMP&P. Vi EOS, cc khung Ethernet vn c gi nguyn v
ng gi vo gi SONET ti u vo v gii phng u ra ca mng.


Khung Ethernet Khung Ethernet Khung Ethernet
Khung EoS
Ti trng SONET/DSH

Hnh 2-1. Ethernet over SONET/SDH

Trong hnh v, ton b khung Ethernet s c a vo trng ti
SONET/SDH ti u vo v c trch xut ra ti u ra. C hai chun c th
p dng c th truyn ti khung Ethernet qua mng SONET/SDH:
+ LAPS Link Acess Procedure SDH l chun c nh ngha bi
ITU-T trong X.86. LAPS l giao thc phi kt ni tng t nh HDLC.
+ GFP Generic Framing Procedrure l mt chun ca ITU-T s
dng SDL (Simple Data Link). GFP khc vi LAPS l c th tng
thch vi cc giao thc khc ngoi Ethernet nh PPP, FICON, SCON.

Chc nng EOS c th nm ti thit b truyn dn SONET/SDH hoc
ti thit b chuyn mch. iu ny i khi to ra s cnh tranh gia nh cung
cp thit b truyn dn v thit b chuyn mch.

Hnh 2-2. Chc nng EoS trong ADM
Hnh 2-2 ch trng hp chc nng EOS c thc hin ti b ghp
xen r ADM thng qua mt b nh x kt hp to khung c t ti card
ng dy. nh x l thm mt khung X.86 hoc GFP bao bc ton b khung

Ethernet, vic to khung l thc hin ng gi khung Ethernet vo trong
SONET/SDH SPE. SONET/SDH SPE sau c truyn ti trn ring
SONET/SDH, ti u ra khung Ethernet c m ng gi.

Hnh 2-3. Chc nng EoS trong switch
Hnh 2-3 ch trng hp chc nng EOS c thc hin ti thit b
chuyn mch. y s c s khc bit gia thit b s liu v thit b truyn
dn, hai thit b ny c th thuc qun l ca hai nhm khc nhau ca cng
mt nh mng. iu ny lm cho vic trin khai dch v mi tr nn d dng.
Dch v mi c thc hin lp trn m khng lin quan n phn truyn
dn. Tuy nhin trng hp ny s yu cu thit b chuyn mch phi c y
cc c tnh ca SONET/SDH. Trng hp hnh 2-2 phn SONET/SDH
kt thc ti ADM, thit b chuyn mch Ethernet ch thy mt ng Ethernet
tng.

SONET/SDH
Switch/ADM
Ethernet Ethernet E
o
S
E
o
S
Switch/ADM

Hnh 2-4. Chc nng EoS v chuyn mch trong ADM
Hnh 2-4 l trng hp chc nng chuyn mch gi, ADM v EOS
thc hin trn cng mt thit b. M hnh ny l ti u, tuy nhin nu mun
c s tch bit gia truyn dn v dch v s liu th s l mt kh khn.


Cng ngh EOS cng lm cho vic s dng bng thng ca dch v
khng hiu qu. Bi v cc tc lung SONET/SDH khng linh hot trong
vic m rng bng thng v bng thng ca SONET/SDH khng ph hp vi
cc tc Ethernet. hn ch iu ny ngi ta s dng VCAT (Virtual
Concatenation).

Lung tp trung o - Virtual Concatenation (VCAT)

Vi chun ghp knh SONET/SDH thng thng th vic cung cp mt
bng thng ph hp vi yu cu ca khch hng l rt kh khn. Bi v tc
SONET/SDH qu nh hoc qu ln so vi yu cu. Trong cu hnh ring
SONET/SDH th mt phn bng thng b lng ph, khng phi lc no cng
c s dng.

VCAT s gom mt s ng tc thp to thnh ng tc cao
hn. VCAT c thc hin lp 1 (L1), tc l VCAT s tp hp cc knh
khc nhau v a ln lp trn nh mt knh vt l. VCAT cng cho php gp
n*STS/STM hoc n*VT/VC to thnh mt ng c tc ph hp.

Hnh 2-5. Lung tp trung o

Hnh 2-5 minh ha cho vic s dng hiu qu bng thng. Vi mt
bng thng yu cu l 300Mbps (khong 6 ng STS-1), trng hp ghp
knh thng thng, nh mng s s dng nhiu giao din DS3 v thc hin
ghp knh pha khch hng cung cp cho khch hng bng thng va
(DS3 l giao din vt l cung cp tc 45Mbps cn STS-1 l nh dng
khung SONET c th truyn ti tc 50Mpbs). Vic s dng nhiu giao
din DS3 pha khch hng l khng hiu qu, bi v s lm tng gi thnh
v khng t c bng thng cao nht do k thut chia s ti. Cch khc, nh
mng c th cung cp cho khch hng mt ng OC12 (12 STS-1), nhng
nh vy th nh mng s chu l bi v cn tha 6 STS-1 khng th s dng
cho khch hng khc. Vi VCAT, nh mng c th cung cp cho khch hng
ng 300Mbps bng cch kt hp 6 STS-1 nh mt ng ln hn.

Hnh 2-6. Truyn dn Ethernet SONET/SDH
Hnh 2-6 l mt v d v vic cung cp c dch v kt ni Ethernet v
dch v TDM trn cng mt h tng mng SONET/SDH. Nu thit b
SONET/SDH c h tr VCAT th giao din Gigabit Ethernet c th c
truyn ti qua mt lung 21STS-1, giao din Fast Ethernet c th truyn ti
qua lung 2STS-1 v giao din DS3 truyn ti qua lung 1STS-1. Trong
nhiu trng hp, tc ca giao din Ethernet khng nht thit phi tng
ng vi tc ca SONET/SDH. Mt giao din 100Mbps Ethernet c th
c truyn ti qua mt, hai hoc ba lung STS-1 (50Mbps). Trng hp ny
cn c cc k thut hng i, iu chnh gim thiu vic mt gi do qu ti
gy ra.

Chc nng EOS v VCAT c thc hin ti im u vo v u ra,
khng nht thit phi thc hin mi trm trn ng truyn dn. Nh trong
hnh 2-6 thit b ni cho XC thc hin kt ni hai vng ring nh thng
thng. Tuy nhin VCAT c th pht huy hiu qu th cc thit b u phi
h tr VCAT, nu khng vic tit kim bng thng s khng thc hin c.
Nu thit b trn vng ring h tr phn chia knh mc STS-1 hoc cao hn th
knh nh nht VCAT h tr l STS-1. Nu thit b h tr VCAT ti mc VT

1.5 (T1) th bng thng cao nht ca STS-1 trn vng ring vn b lng ph
thm ch khi CPE c ch nh l n*VT 1.5 thng qua VCAT. V d trong
hnh 1.10, nu thit b ADM 1 v 2 h tr VCAT ti mc VT 1.5 nhng thit
b ni cho ch thc hin ni cho mc DS3 th vic tit kim bng thng
khng c thc hin.

C ch iu khin dung lng knh (LCAS):

VCAT l cng c hiu qu trong vic cung cp cho khch hng bng
thng theo yu cu. Tuy nhin nhu cu v bng thng ca khch hng lun
lun thay i. trnh tnh trng thm bt lin kt lin tc theo nhu cu ca
khch hng ngi ta s dng LCAS. LCAS l mt giao thc cho php thay
i kch c knh bt k lc no. LCAS cng c s dng kim tra tnh
kt ni ca ng truyn thm hoc b ng truyn m khng cn phi
ph v hot ng. S dng kt hp EOS vi LCAS, VCAT c th t hiu
qu cao khi trin khai dch v Ethernet qua SONET/SDH.

2.2 Resilient Packet Ring (RPR)

RPR l mt giao thc lp MAC c thit k ti u qun l bng
thng v d dng trin khai dch v d liu trn mt mng ring. RPR c
khi ngun t khi Cisco s dng cng ngh DPT ti u qun l v phc
hi bng thng cho cc mng ring. Sau DPT c nhm IEEE 802.17
nghin cu v a ra chun RPR. RPR l giao thc lp MAC vn hnh lp
2 ca m hnh OSI, n khng nhn bit lp 1 nn c lp vi truyn dn nn

c th lm vic vi WDM, SDH hay truyn dn da trn Ethernet (s dng
GBIC - Gigabit Interface Converter). Ngoi ra, RPR i t thit b a lp n
dch v mng thng minh lp 3 nh MPLS. MPLS kt hp thit b ra mng
IP lp 3 vi thit b lp 2 nh ATM, Frame Relay. S kt hp tin cy v
kh nng phc hi ca RPR vi u im qun l lu lng v kh nng m
rng ca MPLS VPN v MPLS-TE c xem l gii php xy dng MAN
trn th gii hin nay.

Hnh 2-7. M hnh mng s dng RPR
Hnh v 2-7 ch ra m hnh trin khai RPR c bn. Cc CMTS (Cable
Modem Termination System h thng u cui iu gii cp) tp hp lu
lng n thng qua cp ng trc t nh khch hng ri chuyn ti router
RPR. C nhiu router RPR kt ni vi nhau bng mt ring OC48, sau lu
lng c tp trung chuyn n mt hub trung tm thc hin kt ni ra
Internet.


C th nhn thy RPR s dng cc ruoter cn EOS s dng cc swtich.
L do bi v RPR xut thn t DPT ca Cisco s dng router thc hin cc
dch v nh tuyn IP trn mng ring. IEEE 802.17 c hng lm RPR c
lp vi lp 2 v lp 3, nhng thc t RPR c chp nhn dnh cho cc dch
v lp 3. ng thi cng t router h tr dch v lp 2.

Hot ng xen, r v chuyn tip gi RPR:

RPR c ba hot ng chnh l xen, r v chuyn tip gi tng t nh
c ch add/drop trong SONET/SDH. y cc knh c thm, bt v kt
ni cho bn trong vng ring.
IEEE 802.3 MAC x l cc gi ti mi node ca vn ring bt k node
ch l nod k tip. Ngc li RPR 802.17 MAC chuyn tip gi tin trong
vng ring m khng thc hin bt k bc m hoc chuyn mch trung gian
no nu nh gi khng thuc v node. Do gim thiu c cng vic ca
tng node.

Hnh 2-8. Hot ng thm, bt v chuyn tip trong RPR

Hnh 2-8 minh ha hot ng ca RPR, lu lng khng thuc v node
c chuyn tip trong vng ring c thc hin bi IEEE 802.17 MAC.
Trong hot ng ca Ethernet IEEE 802.3 MAC lu lng c x l, lu
m ti mi node chc nng chuyn mch xc nh giao din u ra.

u im ca RPR so vi SONET/SDH l ton b cc gi n vng
ring u c chia s y bng thng, c ch qun l bng thng ca RPR
cho php trnh c nghn. Trong SONET/SDH mi khe thi gian c dnh
cho mt knh, bng thng dnh cho knh s b b ra khi vng ring khi khng
c lu lng no.


Kh nng phc hi ca RPR:

RPR cung cp kh nng phc hi bo v trong 50ms. Kh nng phc
hi nhanh chng cng vi tn dng bng thng l c im ni tri so vi
SONET/SDH v cc c ch bo v khc.

RPR thc hin chc nng bo v theo 2 cch:
+ Wrap: Mt vng RPR gm hai vng si quang truyn ngc chiu
nhau. Nu mt thit b hay si quang b pht hin c li, lu lng i
n s c chuyn sang hng ngc li trn vng quang kia.
+ Steer: Khi pht hin li s khng thc hin chuyn lu lng sang
vng khc. Node pht hin li u tin s khi to bn tin bo li gi
cho cc node khc. Khi node nhn c tin bo v, s thc hin tnh
ton li ng n ch v topology s c cp nht tng ng.

Steer l k thut bo v mc nh. Nu cc router trong vng c h tr
c hai kiu bo v th kiu Steer s c chn. Mi router trong vng phi
chy cng mt kiu bo v. Tt c hot ng cnh bo v chuyn lu lng
c thc hin khng qu 50 ms.

i vi c ch bo v SONET/SDH UPSR c mt ng hot ng v
mt ng d phng, ch c 50% dung lng c s dng. Vi RPR c hai
ng u c s dng truyn ng thi. Khi xy ra li, vng ring c
chuyn sang ng cn li v c lp v tr li.


Hnh 2-9. Bo v trong RPR

Nh vy RPR c cc c im chnh sau y:
- Kt ni theo cu hnh Ring
- Khi phc ng truyn nhanh khi c s c (<50ms)
- H tr a dng phn lp dch v
- S linh hot ca lp vt l: c th tng thch vi cc tiu chun lp
vt l khc nhau nh Ethernet, SONET/SDH v DWDM.
- Cho php truyn ti lu lng theo phng thc qung b.
- iu khin bng thng trnh tc nghn.


2.3 Gigabit Ethernet (GE)

Cng ngh Ethernet khng ch gii hn l mt cng ngh truy nhp
m cn c th s dng lm cng ngh truyn dn. Khi s dng Ethernet lm
cng ngh truyn dn th phn mng truy nhp c th xy dng theo kiu ring
hoc kiu hub-and-spoke.

Vi cu hnh hub-and-spoke s c cc node tp trung lu lng t
nhng node khc nh trong hnh 2-10. Cc switch s c t gn POP
hoc CO s dng si quang ring hoc bc sng kt ni gia cc node.
Mc d cu hnh ny tn km hn kiu ring nhng vn c nhiu nh mng
coi l tt hn ring. Bng thng n khch hng c th m rng bi v ton b
ng cp dnh cho khch hng. C hai kiu bo v c th thc hin. Kiu
th nht ti lu lng s c chia u trn hai ng lin kt, nu c s c
th lu lng s dn sang ng cn li. Kiu bo v th hai l c hai ng
lin kt t hai swittch khc nhau ti nh khch hng. Trong hai ng ny s
c mt ng trng thi d phng khng s dng do phi s dng giao
thc STP gia nhng node ny.

Hnh 2-10. Cu trc Hub-and-Spoke

Hnh 2-11. Cu hnh ring Gigabit Ethernet

Cu hnh ring c th coi l mt tp hp cc lin kt im - im gia
cc switch. Bng thng ca ring c chia s cho cc node. Ngoi ra bng
thng ny cn c dnh cho qun l, bo v. Trong cu hnh ny phi s
dng STP trnh vng lp v hn ca gi tin. STP s kha mt s cng d
tha, o km tin cy hn bo v ca RPR, SONET/SDH. Khi c s c xy
ra th STP s iu chnh li cng b kha thit lp ng lin kt mi nh
hnh 2-12

Hnh 2-12. Spanning Tree trong cu hnh ring Gigabit Ethernet


2.4 MPLS/GMPLS

MPLS l gii php chuyn mch nhn a giao thc, c s dng trong
cc mng hiu nng cao nh truyn v chuyn tip d liu. Chc nng c
bn ca MPLS l cho php cc router thit lp cc lung im - im (cn gi
l cc lung chuyn mch nhn - LSP) vi cc c tnh QoS xc nh qua bt
k mng loi gi hay t bo. MPLS c th coi nh mt gii php cng ngh t
hp, mng MPLS c kh nng chuyn cc gi tin ti lp 3 v ti lp 2 s
dng c ch hon i nhn nh mt k thut chuyn tip.

MPLS hot ng gia lp lin kt d liu (L2) v lp mng (L3),
MPLS c th hot ng vi cc giao thc mng lp 2 khc nhau nh Ethernet,
ATM, Frame Relay, PPP...

Hnh 2-13. Cu trc gi tin MPLS

Phn tiu ca gi tin MPLS bao gm mt hoc nhiu mt chng
nhn. Mt chng nhn bao gm 4 trng sau:
+ 20 bit trng gi tr nhn.
+ 3 bit trng kiu lu lng dnh cho QoS.
+ 1 bit c ch chng nhn cui, nu c c t th chng nhn l
cui cng trong tiu ca gi tin MPLS.
+ 4 bit trng thi gian sng TTL.


Cc router thc hin chuyn mch da trn nhn gi l cc LSR (Label
Switch Router). Nhn c phn phi gia cc LSR bng giao thc phn phi
nhn LDP (Label Distribution Protocol). Cc ng chuyn mch nhn LSP
(Label Switched Path) c thit lp c th to mt mng ring o hoc
truyn ti lu lng qua mng. LSP cng tng t nh PVC trong ATM
nhng LSP khng ph thuc vo giao thc hot ng lp 2.

Hnh 2-14. Mng Ethernet th MPLS

Nh vy MPLS c cc u im sau p ng cc yu cu c bn i vi
MAN-E:
+ H tr nhiu dch v trong c 3 dch v c bn l E-Line, E-LAN
v E-Tree.
+ C kh nng m rng mng v dch v.
+ H tr nhiu tnh nng QoS.

+ tin cy cao, c kh nng phc hi nhanh.
+ Cc tnh nng vn hnh khai thc OAM thun tin v nhanh chng.
+ c h tr bi nhiu hng ln nh Cisco, Acatel, Juniper

Cng ngh chuyn mch nhn a giao thc tng qut GMPLS
(Generalized Multiprotocol Labed Switching l bc pht trin theo ca cng
ngh chuyn mch nhn a giao thc MPLS (Multiprotocol Labed Switching).
GMPLS thc cht l s m rng chc nng iu khin ca mng MPLS, n
cho php kin to mt phng iu khin qun l thng nht khng ch lp
mng m cn thc hin i vi cc lp ng dng, truyn dn v lp vt l.
GMPLS m rng chc nng h tr giao thc IP iu khin thit lp hoc
gii phng cc ng chuyn mch nhn LSP cho mng hn hp bao gm c
chuyn mch gi, chuyn mch knh, mng quang.

2.5 IEE 802.1Q v Q-in-Q

IEEE 802.1Q l chun c thit k cho vic gn nhn VLAN. 4 bytes
tiu s c thm vo khung IEEE802.3 tiu chun v c gi l nhn
VLAN. Hnh v 2-15 minh ha cc trng ca nhn VLAN.

Hnh 2-15. Cu trc nhn VLAN

i vi Ethernet, trng Ethernet Type lun c gi tr 8100H, trng
CFI lun bng 0. Hai trng quan trng nht l VLAN ID c di 12 bit cho
php nhn dng 4096 VLANs v trng User Priority c di 3 bit.

i vi mng doanh nghip, cc VLAN c dng gii hn lu
lng mng ni b. Cc khung Ethernet ca mng ni b s c nhn dng
v u tin qua cc trng VLAN ID v User Priority. Thut ng CE-VLAN
ID c dng nhn dng VLAN ID trong khung dch v ca khch hng.
Nhn CE-VLAN nhn dng nhn VLAN trong khung dch v ca khch
hng.

Nh ta thy 802.1Q c gii hn v s lng VLAN c th nhn dng
c l 4096, khng c s phn bit r rng gia mng ca nh ung cp v
mng ca khch hng ( khng c nh a ch v VLAN ID ring) v th
khng m bo an ninh mng. khc phc vn ny gi ta s dng Q-in-
Q (vit tt ca 802.1Q-in-802.1Q) hay 802.1ad. Trong Q-in-Q nh cung
cpdichj v s thm mt VLAN ID hay cn gi l P-VLAN vo khung IEEE
802.1Q ca khch hng nh minh ha di y.

Hnh 2-16. Cc trng trong Q-in-Q


Nhn P-VLAN c thm vo sau a ch MAC ngun. Nhn P-VLAN
bao gm P-VLAN ID ca nh cung cp dch v gm 12 bit h tr 4096 gi
tr, trng P-VLAN CoS gm 3 bit cung cp 8 lp dch v cho mi P-VLAN
ID. Ttrng Provider Ethernet Type thng dng gi tr khc 8100h ch ra
nhn P-VLAN ny khng phi l nhn IEEE802.1Q VLAN tiu chun,
trng P-CFI thng bng 0. Nhn P-VLAN c s dng nhn dng dch
v.

Nhn C-VLAN s khng b tc ng ti bi nh cung cp. Sau dy l
mt s c im c kh nng ca Q-in-Q.
+ Qun l VLAN khch hng: Nh cung cp s dng mt P-VLAN
cho mi dch v. Nh cung cp s nh x C-VLAN ID ca khch hng
vo mt dch v c nhn dng bi mt P-VLAN ID. Nh vy C-
VLAN ID s c gi nguyn, khch hng c th t do la chn C-
VLAN ID v C-VLAN CoS.

Hnh 2-17. Nhn P-VLAN c thm vo khung dch v ca khch hng

+ Hc a ch MAC v phn chia a ch MAC gia nh cung cp
dch v v khch hng: Q-in-Q khng cung cp bt k mt s phn

chia no gia cc a ch MAC ca nh cung cp v khch hng. V vy
khi s dng Q-in-Q cho dch v E-LAN, thit b chuyn mch ca nh
cung cp phi hc ton b cc a ch MA trong mng khng phn bit
ca nh cung cp hay ca khch hng. Do lm cho mng ca nh
cung cp tr thnh mt mng ln nh hnh v.

2.6 Cng ngh MAC-in-MAC (PBB/PBT)

Cng ngh MAC-in-MAC hay PBB/PBT l cng ngh c khi
xng bi hng Nortel Networks v hin nay c tiu chun ha thnh
802.1ah. Cng ngh MAC-in-MAC hin ang cnh tranh vi MPLS trong cc
mng MAN-E.

Cng ngh MAC-in-MAC gii quyt c cc hn ch ca cng ngh
Q-in-Q nh kh nng phn chia a ch MAC ca nh cung cp v khch
hng, kh nng m rng mng v nhn dng dch v. MAC-in-MAC cng cho
php cc tnh nng v iu khin, phn loi lu lng v m bo QoS

M-in-M thc hin thm a ch MAC ngun v MAC ch ca nh
cung cp, nhn VLAN v nhn dng dch v ca nh cung cp vo khung
Ethernet ti giao din NNI.

Hnh 2-18. Cc trng trong khung M-in-M
Trong M-in-M nhn P-VLAN c khun dng ging vi nhn P-VLAN
ca Q-in-Q. Truy nhin trong M-in-M P-VLAN ID ca nhn P-VLAN nhn
dng VLAN ca nh cung cp m cc khung dch v ca khch hng chy
qua . P-VLAN CoS xc nh lp dch v cho phn loi v iu khin lu
lng. Service ID nhn dng dch v trong mng ca nh cung cp. M-in-M -
cung cp ti 16 triu dch v. Bng 2-1 tm tt cc trng trong M-in-M.

Trng trong M-in-M ngha
Tiu ca nh cung cp nh a ch mng nh cung cp
ID ca dch v Nhn dng dch v
ID ca P-VLAN Nhn dng VLAN ca nh cung cp
P-VLAN CoS Qun l lu lng
Bng 2-1. ngha cc trng trong M-in-M

Trong M-in-M, nh cung cp dch v s chuyn lu lng da trn a
ch MAC ca nh cung cp. Cc khung dch v ca khch hng s c a
vo ng hm logic M-in-M v khng c dng chuyn mch trong
mng ca nh cung cp. V vy mng ca nh cung cp dch v v mng ca
khch hng ring r nhau.

M-in-M c mt s c im ni bt sau :
+ Qun tr VLAN ca khch hng: M-in-M to ng hm trong sut
cho cc khung dch v Ethernet ca khch hng. Ti giao din UNI,
nh cung cp dch v nh x cc gi tr ca C-VLAN ID v C-VLAN
CoS vo Service ID v P-VLAN CoS ch nh cho dch v . Nh vy
khch hng c th t do phn cc gi tr C-VLAN ID v C-VLAN CoS
theo nhu cu ca h m khng phi quan tm n nh cung cp dch v.
Cc nh cung cp dch v cng khng lo lng phi hp vi VLAN ID
vi cc khch hng.
+ Cung cp cc VLAN ca nh cung cp dch v: M-in-M P-VLAN
ID cho php nh cung cp dch v phn chia mng ca h thnh cc
khu vc n gin ha vic m bo QoS. VLAN ca nh cung cp
cho php h tr nhiu loi dch v ca khch hng.
+ Hc v phn chia a ch MAC ca nh cung cp v khch hng:
ng hm logic M-in-M cho php tch bit a ch MAC ca nh
cung cp v khch hng. V vy mng ch cn hc a ch MAC ca cc
thit b ca nh cung cp. vic hc a ch MAC ch thc hin khi c
cc thit b Ethernet mi c thm vo mng ca nh cung cp. V
vy mng ca nh cung cp s gim c ng k cc khung broadcast,
tng n nh v bng thng hu ch cho lu lng khc.
+ Kh nng m rng v nhn dng dch v: M-in-M nhn dng dch
v t hai kha cnh. Th nht l cc dch v giao din UNI c nhn
dng bi Service ID, y chnh l im m mt hoc nhiu C-VLAN
ID c nh x vi mt dch v no . Th hai P-VLAN ID nhn
dng P-VLAN ca nh cung cp m qua cc dch v c chuyn
qua. M-in-M h tr 4096 P-VLAN v ti mt triu dch v. M-in-M s
dng nhn P-VLAN qun l lu lng thng qua P-VLAN UD v

P-VLAN CoS cho php nahf cung cp dch v tnh ton thit k mng
cho dch v c h tr trc khi kch hot dch v. Mi P-VLAN
c thit k p ng cc yu cu ca mt dch v no . V vy
vic vn hnh khai thc mng v kch hot dch v nhanh chng hn.
+ nh x v bo ton nhn C-VLAN: M-in-M lu cc nhn C-VLAN
do cc khung dch v ca khch hng c to ng qua mng. V
vy nh cung cp dch v c th chuyn cc khung dch v ca khch
hng qua mng mt cc trong sut. Nh cung cp dch v ch ra Service
ID ca mt dch v no v nh x C-VLAN ID ca khch hng vo
mt Service ID v C-VLAN CoS vo mt P-VLAN CoS.
+ Cung cp s trong sut vi cc giao thc iu khin ca khch
hng: M-in-M to ng hm cho cc khung dch v ca khch hng,
tt c cc bn tin ca giao thc iu khin Ethernet (BPDU) c
truyn trong sut trong ng hm qua mng nh cung cp. iu ny
cho php cc giao thc iu khin Ethernet c s dng c lp gia
mng ca nh cung cp v mng ca khch hng. M-in-M lc b bt
tnh nng v spanning-tree, flooding v broadcasting ca mng Ethernet
truyn thng. Thi gian phc hi lu cng nh phng thc truyn
qung b khng c s dng trong mng ca nh cung cp. Trong M-
in-M, mt phng iu khin c trin khai tp trung nn n gin hn
trong lp qun l. V mt k thut, khi tp trung iu khin th vic
iu khin nh tuyn cng nh cc giao thc bo hiu s bt phc tp.
Trong mng M-in-M khng nht thit phi c cc giao thc nh tuyn
BGP, OSPF, IS-IS hay cc giao thc bo hiu nh LDP gim bt
phc tp trn vng iu khin v chuyn cng vic ny cho phn qun
tr dch v. V vy thit b cng ngh M-in-M c gi thnh r hn so

vi cc thit b MPLS do lc bt cc tnh nng nh tuyn v bo hiu
trn thit b chuyn mch.

Kt lun chng II:

Chng ny trnh by mt cch tng quan v cc cng ngh xy dng
mng MAN-E. Hin nay c nhiu cng ngh c th p dng xy dng
mng MAN-E, mi cng ngh c nhng u nhc im khc nhau. Cng
ngh s dng trong MAN-E phi p ng c cc yu cu v kh nng phc
hi nhanh, chuyn mch tc cao, c tin cy cao v h tr tt cc chc
nng OAM. Vi cc tiu ch MPLS ang l cng ngh chim u th v
ang c s dng nhiu trn th gii.

Trong chng tip theo, chng ta tm hiu v cc dch v c trin khai trn
nn mng MAN-E.


CHNG III - CC DCH V MNG MAN-E

MEF l mt t chc phi li nhun c hot ng rt tch cc a ra cc nh
ngha, cc thut ng cho vic trin khai cc dch v Ethernet trong mng
th. MEF a ra nh ngha v giao din ngi dng mng (UNI) v kt ni
Ethernet o (EVC). UNI l im nm gia thit b ca ngi s dng v mng
ca nh cung cp dch v. EVC l lin kt gia hai hoc nhiu UNI. Hay ni
khc, EVC l ng hm logic ni gia hai hay nhiu pha khch hng v cho
php truyn cc khung Ethernet trn . MEF nh ngha ba loi EVC l EVC
im - im, EVC a im - a im v EVC gc a im (Rooted -
Multipoint).

Hnh 3-1. M hnh dch v c bn


M hnh n gin ca dch v Ethernet m t nh hnh 3-1. Dch v Ethernet
c cung cp bi nh cung cp v cc thit b pha khch hng (CE
Customer Equipment) ni ti mng ca nh cung cp ti giao din UNI s
dng cc chun kt ni Ethernet 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps hoc 10Gbps.
MEF nh ngha ba loi hnh dch v Ethernet c bn l E-Line, E-LAN v E-
Tree.

Nhng dch v trn c nh ngha theo quan im t pha thu bao. Cc
dch v ny c th c h tr bi nhiu cng ngh truyn ti khc nhau nh
SONET, MPLS, DWDM Tuy nhin kt ni ti thu bao ca UNI l
Ethernet. hiu r hn chng ta s ln lt tm hiu qua cc ni dung sau:
- u im ca cc dch v cung cp qua MAN-E.
- Cc loi dch v MAN-E c bn.
- Cc thuc tnh dch v ca mng MAN-E.

3.1 u im ca cc dch v cung cp qua MAN-E

Trn th gii, cc dch v MAN-E c cung cp rng ri bi cc nh
cung cp dch v. Mt s nh cung cp dch v m rng phm vi ca dch
v Ethernet ti WAN. S lng khch hng s dng dch v Ethernet ngy
cng tng nhanh. Nhng c im ni tri ca dch v Ethernet hp dn
khch hng:
+ D dng s dng: Dch v Ethernet c cung cp vi chun
Ethernet d tr nn quen thuc v c s dng rng ri. Hu ht cc
thit b v cc trm kt ni vo mng s dng giao din Ethernet do
s dng dch v Ethernet kt ni gia cc thit b dng trong
vic thc hin cc chc nng OAM&P.

+ Hiu qu v chi ph: Dch v Ethernet c th gim chi ph u t v
chi ph vn hnh theo ba hng sau:
- Giao din Ethernet c s dng hu ht trong cc sn phm
thit b mng, ng thi bn thn giao din Ethernet cng khng
t.
- Gi thnh ca cc dch v Ethernet thp hn so vi cc dch v
cnh tranh khc bi v Ethernet c gi thp hn v thit b v vn
hnh.
- Dch v Ethernet cho php thu bao c th m rng bng thng
v khch hng ch phi tr thm cho phn bng thng m rng.
+ Tnh linh hot: Nhiu dch v Ethernet cho php khch hng thit
lp h thng mng li phc tp hoc khng th thc hin vi cc dch
v khc. V d mt giao din Ethernet c th cung cp kt ni gia
nhiu v tr vn phng to thnh mng cc mng Intranet VPN. ng
thi c th kt ni vi cc i tc v nh cung ng thng qua Extranet
VPN v cung cp mt kt ni truy nhp Internet tc cao. Vi dch
v Ethernet c qun l, thu bao c th d dng thm hoc thay i
bng thng trong vi pht thay v vi ngy hoc vi tun nh cc dch
v mng truy nhp khc. Hn na nhng s thay i trn khng yu
cu khch hng phi tri thm chi ph cho thit b mi.


3.2 Cc loi dch v MAN-E c bn

3.2.1 Dch v E-Line

E-Line l dch v Ethernet c bn da trn kt ni Ethernet o im -
im nh m t trn hnh 3-2. Da trn E-line c th trin khai nhiu dch v
khc nhau ty theo nh cung cp.

Hnh 3-2. Dch v E-Line s dng EVC im-im

n gin nht, E-Line c th cung cp bng thng i xng cho truyn
d liu hai hng khng c cam kt v hiu nng, v d nh dch v n lc ti
a gia hai UNI 10Mbps. Phc tp hn, E-Line c th cung cp dch v kt
ni gia hai UNI c tc khc nhau v c th km theo cam kt v hiu
nng nh cam kt v CIR vi CBS, cam kt v EIR vi EBS, tr, bin ng
tr, suy hao Ghp dch v c th thc hin ti mt hoc c hai pha UNI ca
EVC. Chng hn c th c nhiu hn mt kt ni im im c yu cu
trn cng mt cng vt l ti mt hoc c hai pha UNI.


Dch v E-Line c th cung cp cc EVC im-im gia cc UNI
tng t nh s dng cc PVC Frame Relay kt ni cc ph khch hng
vi nhau nh hnh 3-3.

Hnh 3-3. Dch v E-Line tng t Frame Relay

Dch v E-Line cng c th cung cp mt kt ni im im gia cc
UNI tng t nh dch v knh ring TDM. Cc dch v kt ni gia hai UNI
nh vy cung cp truyn dn trong sut cc khung dch v gia cc UNI do
phn tiu v ti tin ca khung dch v phi ng nht ti c hai pha
UNI ngun v ch. Cc dch v trn cng cng c cc c tnh c bn nh tr
khung, Jitter v t l mt khung thp v khng c ghp dch v. Nh trong
hnh 2.4, mi EVC yu cu phi c mt UNI (giao din vt l) ring bit.

Hnh 3-4. Dch v E-line tng t nh s dng knh ring

Nh vy, mt dch v E-Line c th c s dng xy dng cc
dch v tng t nh Frame Relay hoc knh thu ring. Tuy nhin bng
thng v kh nng la chn kt ni ca Ethernet l tt hn nhiu.

3.2.2 Dch v E-LAN

Dch v E-LAN l dch v da trn kt ni a im a im nh
trong hnh 3-5. Cng tng t nh E-Line, E-LAN c th cung cp dch v n
lc ti a khng c cam kt v hiu nng hoc c th cung cp dch v phc
tp gia cc UNI c tc khc nhau v h tr cht lng dch v.

Hnh 3-5. Dch v E-LAN s dng EVC a im-a im

Ghp dch v c th c hoc khng ti cc UNI ca EVC a im a
im. V d mt EVC a im a im (E-LAN) v EVC im im (E-
Lline) c th thc hin ti cng mt UNI. C th E-LAN c dng kt
ni thu bao ca cc v tr ca khch hng trong khi E-Line c s dng
kt ni truy nhp ti Internet, c hai dch v c thc hin thng qua ghp
dch v ti cng mt UNI.

So snh gia E-LAN vi topo mng Frame Relay theo kiu Hub and
Spoke. Cc PVC Frame Relay l kt ni im - im, dch v kt ni a im
c thc hin bi nhiu PVC im im. Khi mt pha khch hng c
thm vo cng phi thm mt PVC mi gia pha khch hng ng vai tr l
Spoke mi v Hub.

E-LAN theo cu hnh EVC im - im: E-LAN c th c s dng
kt ni ch gia hai UNI. iu ny c v ging vi E-Line, nhng c s
khc bit.

Hnh 3-6. Dch v E-LAN trng t Frame Relay

Hnh 3-7. Thm mi mt UNI trng hp s dng dch v E-Line


Vi dch v E-Line, khi mt UNI c thm vo, mt EVC mi cng
phi thm vo kt ni UNI mi ti mt trong hai UNI trc . Do
kt ni y th EVC mi phi c thm vo gia cc UNI nh trong hnh
3-7. Cng nh vy i vi trng hp s dng Frame Relay.

Vi dch v E-LAN nh trong hnh 3-8, ch c UNI mi kt ni ti
EVC a im, khng cn thm cc EVC mi khi s dng EVC a im - a
im. E-LAN cho php UNI mi truyn thng vi ton b cc UNI khc. Vi
dch v E-Line, iu ny yu cu phi c cc EVC ring bit kt ni ti cc
UNI khc. E-LAN ch yu cu mt EVC thc hin kt ni nhiu pha
khch hng.

Nh vy dch v E-LAN c th kt ni gia nhiu phi khch hng vi
phc tp t hn cu hnh mesh v Hub and Spoke s dng cng ngh im
im nh Frame Relay v ATM.

Hnh 3-8. Thm mi mt UNI trng hp s dng mt E-LAN

3.2.3 Dch v E-Tree

E-Tree l dch v da trn kt ni EVC Rooted-Multipoint. EVC
Rooted-Multipoint cng l mt EVC a im tuy nhin c khc vi EVC a
im a im. EVC Rooted-Multipoint c nh ngha trong MEF 10.2.
Trong EVC Rooted-Multipoint c mt hoc nhiu UNI ng vai tr l Root
(gc) v cc UNI khc ng vai tr l Leaf (l). Mt khung dch v u vo
t vo EVC ti UNI gc c th phn pht ti mt hoc nhiu UNI ca
EVC . Mt khung dch v u vo t vo EVC ti UNI l khng c
lm xut hin mt khung dch v u ra ti UNI l khc nhng c th lm
xut hin mt khung dch v u ra ti mt vi hoc ton b cc UNI gc.
Nh vy, mt khung dch v broadcast hoc multicast (xc nh t a ch
MAC) ti UNI gc s c nhn ln trong mng v bn sao s c phn
pht ti tng UNI ca EVC. Cch phn pht ny cng c p dng vi
trng hp mng cha bit c a ch MAC ch trong mt EVC hoc cp
UNI. Hnh 3-9 m t mt EVC Rooted-Multipoint vi mt UNI gc.

Hnh 3-9. EVC gc - a im

Hnh 3-10. Kiu dch v E-tree s dng EVC gc a im

Kiu dch v E-Tree vi mt gc c m t nh hnh 3-10. dng
n gin, kiu dch v E-Tree c th cung cp mt UNI gc cho nhiu UNI
l. Mi UNI l ch c th trao i d liu vi UNI gc. Mt khung dch
v gi t mt UNI l vi mt a ch ch cho mt UNI l khc s khng
c chuyn. Dch v ny thch hp cho truy cp Internet hoc cc ng dng
video qua IP. Mt hoc nhiu CoS c th c kt hp vi dch v ny.

Trong kiu phc tp hn, dch v E-Tree c th h tr hai hoc nhiu
UNI gc. Trong trng hp ny, mi UNI l c th trao i d liu vi
cc UNI gc. Cc UNI gc cng c th truyn thng vi nhau lm tng
tnh tin cy v linh hot. Dch v ny c m t nh trong hnh 3-11.


Hnh 3-11. Dch v E-Tree s dng nhiu UNI gc

Vi kiu dch v E-Tree, ghp dch v c hoc khng pht sinh ti mt
hoc nhiu UNI trong EVC. V d, mt dch v E-Tree s dng EVC Rooted-
Multipoint v dch v E-Line s dng EVC im-im c th cng thc hin
ti mt UNI. Trong v d ny, dch v E-Tree c th c s dng h tr
mt ng dng c th ti UNI thu bao nh truy nhp ti nhiu gc ti cc
im POP ca ISP, cn dch v E-Line dc s dng kt ni ti v tr khc
vi mt EVC im-im.


3.3 Cc thuc tnh dch v Ethernet

Cc thuc tnh dch v Ethernet xc nh cc kh nng ca loi dch v.
Mt s thuc tnh p dng cho UNI, mt s thuc tnh p dng cho EVC.

3.3.1 Giao din vt l Ethernet

Ti UNI, cc giao din vt l Ethernet c cc thuc tnh dch v sau:
+ Mi trng vt l: nh cc giao din vt l c nh ngha bi
IEEE 802.3 nh cc chun 10BaseT, 100BaseT, 1000BaseT s dng
cp ng xon i UTP; 10BaseF, 100BaseF, 1000BaseLX,
1000BaseSX s dng cp quang
+ Tc : Tc Ethernet bao gm cc chun tc 10Mbps,
100Mbps, 1Gbps, 10Gbps v 40Gbps, 100Gbps trong tng lai.
+ Phng thc: cho bit UNI h tr song cng hoc bn song cng.
+ Lp MAC: cho bit lp MAC c h tr.

3.3.2 c tnh bng thng

MEF nh ngha thuc tnh c tnh bng thng dch v c th p dng
ti UNI hoc EVC. c tnh bng thng l gii hn v tc khung Ethernet
i qua UNI. C th tch bit c tnh bng thng cho cc khung u vo v
u ra. MEF nh ngha ba loi c tnh bng thng v gm c bn tham s
lu lng. Cc tham s ny nh hng n bng thng hoc lu lng truyn
ca dch v.
- CIR (Committed Information Rate Tc thng tin qui nh).
- CBS (Committed Burst Size Kch thc khi qui nh).

- EIR (Excess Information Rate Tc thng tin vt qu.)
- EBS (Excess Burst Size Kch thc khi vt qu).

B bn tham s trn to thnh thuc tnh bng thng dch v. Kiu
thuc tnh bng thng c th c p dng cho tng UNI, cho tng EVC ti
UNI hoc cho nhn dng CoS.
MEF a ra khi nim v cc cp mu ca khung dch v. Mu
ca khung dch v c dng xc nh thuc tnh bng thng ph hp vi
khung dch v c th. Mt dch v c th c mt hoc nhiu mu ty thuc
vo cu hnh cc tham s lu lng. Mt khung dch v c nh du l
mu xanh lc nu n ph hp vi CIR v CBS c ngha l tc khung trung
bnh v kch thc khung ln nht nh hn hoc bng CIR v CBS. Trng
hp ny gi chung l tha mn CIR. Mt khung dch v s c nh du l
mu vng nu khng tha mn CIR nhng tha mn EIR v EBS. C ngha l
tc khung trung bnh ln hn CIR nhng nh hn EIR v kch thc
khung ln nht ln hn CBS nhng nh hn EBS. Gi chung l tha mn EIR.
Mt khung dch v s c nh du mu v b hy b nu khng tha
mn c CIR v EIR.


Hnh 3-12. Thuc tnh mu ca khung dch v

CIR l tc trung bnh ln nht m cc khung dch v c chuyn i
tha mn cc mc tiu v tr, suy hao CIR l tc trung bnh bi v ton
b cc khung dch v c pht i vi tc ca UNI (v d 10Mbps) ch
khng phi ti tc CIR (gi s 2Mbps). CBS l kch thc ln nht ca
khung dch v c th c gi i v tha mn CIR. Cc khung dch v pht i
vi tc trung bnh ln hn CIR hoc kch thc ln hn CBS s khng
tha mn CIR v c th b hy b hoc nh du mu vng ty thuc vo cc
khung dch v c tha mn EIR hay khng. CIR c th nh hn hoc bng
vi tc ca UNI. Nu c nhiu thuc tnh bng thng c p dng ti
cng mt UNI th tng ca cc CIR phi nh hn hoc bng vi tc ca
UNI. Trng hp CIR bng khng c ngha l dch v c cung cp khng
c cam kt v hiu nng hay ni khc dch v c cung cp vi n lc ti a.
EIR l tc ln nht ln hn hoc bng vi CIR ti cc khung c
chuyn i khng c mc tiu v hiu nng. Cng tng t nh CIR th EIR
cng ch l tc trung bnh v cc khung pht i vi tc ca UNI. EBS l
kch thc ln nht m khung dch v c th c gi i v khng tha mn

EIR. Cc khung dch v vi tc trung bnh ln hn EIR hoc kch thc
ln hn EBS c coi l khng tha mn EIR v c th b loi b hoc nh
du m ty thuc vo dch v ang c cung cp. EIR nh hn hoc bng
vi tc UNI. Khi EIR khc khng, EIR ln hn hoc bng CIR.

MEF mi ch a ra khi nim trn l thuyt ch cha thc hin trn
cc thit b ca cc hng khc nhau. Trn thc t c rt nhiu thit b phn
cng ca cc hng khc nhau vi cc dch v mng lp 2 cho ti cc ng
im - im n gin. S phc tp cng tr thnh vn ln khi dch v c
thc hin trn nhiu nh mng khc nhau. V th cc nh cung cp dch v
phi thc hin kim tra thuc tnh bng thng a ra cc cam kt v cp
dch v (SLA) cho khch hng.

3.3.3 Cc tham s hiu nng

MEF nh ngha cc tham s nh gi hiu nng cht lng dch
v. Bao gm bn tham s l kh dng, tr khung, Jitter v t l mt khung.
+ kh dng: kh dng c din t thng qua mt s thuc tnh
dch v nh sau:
- Thi gian kch hot dch v ti UNI: l thi gian tnh t lc
bt u c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti
lc c p ng a vo s dng dch v . Thi gian kch
hot dch v Ethernet trung bnh ch mt vi gi, ngn hn rt
nhiu so vi vi ngy hoc vi thng vi cc dch v truyn
thng khc.

- Thi gian trung bnh phc hi UNI: L thi gian tri qua
tnh t lc UNI khng hot ng (c th do s c xy ra) ti lc
c phc hi v tr li hot ng bnh thng.
- Thi gian kch hot dch v trn EVC: L thi gian tnh t lc
bt u c yu cu mt dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti
lc dch v c kch hot v a vo s dng. Hay c th hn,
khong thi gian ny c tnh t lc bt u c yu cu mt
dch v mi hoc sa i dch v cho ti khi tt c cc UNI trn
EVC u c kch hot. Vi mt EVC a im, dch v c
coi l sn sng c truyn khi m tt c cc UNI thuc v EVC
c kch hot v hot ng. Tt c cc dch v Ethernet u
c cung cp cho khch hng thng qua cc EVC.
- Thi gian trung bnh phc hi EVC: L thi gian tri qua
tnh t lc m EVC khng hot ng (c th do s c xy ra) ti
lc n c phc hi v tr li hot ng bnh thng.

Hnh 3-13. S phn chia tr khung


+ tr khung: L thi gian k t thi im bit u tin ca khung
dch v i vo UNI u vo, cho ti lc bit cui cng ca khung c
nhn xong ti UNI u ra. y l mt tham s quyt nh v c tc
ng quan trng i vi cht lng dch v c bit i vi cc ng
dng thi gian thc nh thoi, video. Thi gian tr khung c phn
thnh ba phn A, B, C nh hnh 3-13. tr A v B ph thuc vo tc
lung d liu ti UNI, v kch c khung dch v Ethernet. V d, nu
nh tc d liu qui nh ti UNI bng 10 Mbit/s v kch c khung l
1518 bytes th c A v B u bng 1.214 ms ti c hai u thit b
khch hng CE. C l lng tr truyn ti d liu qua mng Metro
Ethernet. N c nh cung cp mng m t theo kiu thng k u
n sau tng khong thi gian. Xem xt cho trng hp truyn khung
gia hai UNI vi tc 10Mbit/s, trong khong thi gian 5 pht c
1000 khung c truyn v tr ln nht trng hp ny l 15ms,
hay ni cch khc C = 15ms. tr khung bng tng ca A, B v C.
Theo gi thuyt trn, vi tc ti hai UNI l 10Mbit/s, th A = B =
1.214ms. Nh vy tr khung tng cng l 17. 43ms.
+ Bin ng tr (Jitter): l mt tham s quyt nh cho cc ng
dng thi gian thc nh in thoi, video IP. Cc ng dng thi gian
thc ny yu cu tr thp v c gii hn m bo cht lng.
Vi cc ng dng d liu, Jitter cng c nhng nh hng nht nh.
Bin ng tr c nh ngha l s hay i tr ca mt tp cc
khung dch v. Bin ng tr c th c p dng cho tt c cc khung
dch v c truyn thnh cng trong khong thi gian T tng ng
vi mt lp dch v xc nh ca EVC im im. Bin ng tr c
th c tnh ton trong khi o tr khung. Trong qu trnh tnh ton
tr khung, ta phi s dng cc mu tr khung v gi tr bin ng tr

c xc nh bng php tr gia khung c tr ln nht trong s cc
khung ly mu (hay ni cch khc l gi tr tr khung) v khung c
tr nh nht. M t ngn gn vic tnh ton bin ng tr bng cng
thc di y: tri khung = tr khung tr nh nht trong s
cc tr ca cc khung ly mu. Ta ly ngay v d tnh ton trn
cho hai giao din 10Mbps, vi gi s trong s cc khung ly mu, gi
tr tr nh nht tnh ton c l 13ms. Nh vy bin ng tr l:
17.43-13 = 2.43 ms.
+ T l mt khung: T l tn tht khung c nh ngha l t l phn
trm s khung dch v tun th tc thng tin tha thun song khng
c truyn i gia cc UNI trong mt khong thi gian cho trc.
Hin nay MEF mi ch a ra nh ngha v t l tn tht khung cho
cc kt ni EVC im - im. T l tn tht khung cho EVC im -
im c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
L = [1-a/b] x 100
Trong : L l t l tn tht khung, a l s khung c chuyn n ch
thnh cng v b l tng s khung c gi t ngun. V d, c 1000
khung dch v c truyn t UNI ngun ti UNI ch trong khong
thi gian 5 pht. Trong , c 990 s khung gi i l c truyn ti
ch thnh cng, nh vy t l tn tht khung trong trng hp ny s
l: [1-990/1000]x100 = 1%.T l tn tht khung c cc tc ng khc
nhau ti cht lng dch v, ph thuc vo kiu dch v, vo cc giao
thc lp cao hn m dch v s dng. T l tn tht 1% l chp nhn
c vi dch v thoi qua IP (VoIP), song nu mt 3% th khng th
chp nhn c. Cc ng dng truyn theo lung c th cho php
nhiu mc tn tht khc nhau, v c b li bng cch iu chnh tc
truyn dn khi pht hin mt gi. Cc ng dng da trn giao thc

TCP nh trnh duyt Web HTTP cho php nhiu mc tn tht v n
truyn li gi b mt khi pht hin ra c mt gi. Tuy nhin, nu nh t
l mt gi ln th nh hng xu n cht lng dch v ca khch
hng.
Mng
Ethernet
th
CE
CE
CE
EVC
im-im
UNI 2 UNI 1
1000
khung
990 khung

Hnh 3-14. V d v mt khung trong EVC im-im.

3.3.4 Nhn dng lp dch v

Cc mng MAN-E c th a ra nhiu lp dch v khc nhau nhn
dng thu bao thng qua nhiu nhn dng lp dch v (CoS ID) nh: cng vt
l, CE-VLAN CoS (802.1p), DiffServ/IP TOS. Nh cung cp dch v s phi
ch ra cc tham s lu lng (v d CIR, EIR) cho mi lp dch v. Mi lp
dch v s a ra cc mc hiu nng khc nhau nh ch ra trong cc tham
s hiu nng cho mi lp dch v (tr, jitter v t l mt gi). Nu mt nh
cung cp dch v h tr nhiu lp dch v gia cc UNI th cc tham s hiu
nng v lu lng phi c ch r cho mi lp. Di y l cc nhn dng
lp dch v.

+ Cng vt l: Trong trng hp ny mt lp dch v n c cung
cp cho mi cng. Tt c lu lng vo v ra c cng mt CoS. y l
trng hp d trin khai nht, tuy nhin cng t linh hot nht. Nu
khch hng cn h tr nhiu lp dch v cho lu lng th phi c cc
cng vt l ring bit, mi cng cung cp mt CoS. Mt b cc tham s
lu lng v hiu nng c p dng cho trin khai da trn cng vt
l, v d mt b CIR, CBS, EIR v EBS cho giao din vt l v tr,
Jitter v tn tht khung cho dch v.
+ CE-VLAN CoS (8.2.1p): L cc bit u tin trong nhn IEEE 802.1Q
thm vo khung khung dch v. nh dng khung truyn ti ca VLAN
802.1Q nh hnh 3-15.

Hnh 3-15. nh dng khung VLAN
Nh vy c th c 8 lp dch v, nu nh cung cp dch v h tr
VLAN CoS xc nh lp dch v th nh cung cp phi ch r cc
tham s bng thng v thm s hiu nng cho mi CoS.
+ Lp dch v c th da trn u tin pht hoc chuyn tip, v d
cc khung dch v vi CE-VLAN CoS 7 c chuyn tip trc cc
khung dch v vi CE-VLAN CoS 6. CoS cng c th c dng phc
tp hn vi cc ch DiffServ. V d CE-VLAN CoS 6 c ch

DiffServ EF PHB, CE-VLAN CoS 5/4/3 c ch DiffServ AF PHB
vi CE-VLAN CoS 5 c kh nng b hy gi thp hn v CE-VLAN
CoS 3 c kh nng b hy cao nht. trn, EF PHB v AF PHB l hai
loi PHB (Per-Hop Behaviour), PHB l 6 bit gi tr c m ha thnh
8 bit cha trong trng DS (Differentiated Service Phn ha dch v)
trong tiu ca gi tin IP.
+ Mt dch v Ethernet s dng CE-VLAN CoS xc nh lp dch
v c th bo ton hoc khng bo ton cc bit CE-VLAN CoS ca
thu bao ti UNI. Cc dch v cung cp bin dch nhn VLAN c th
cung cp mt lp dch v vi nhiu gi tr CE-VLAN CoS c gn
cho cng mt lp dch v.
+ Gi tr DiffServ/IP TOS: DiffServ hoc IP TOS c th c s dng
xc nh lp dch v. IP TOS thng c s dng cung cp 8
lp dch v xc nh u tin ca gi tin IP. u tin ca gi tin IP
tng t nh nh ngha 802.1p trong 802.1Q khi CoS c cung cp
da trn u tin chuyn tip hoc pht. DiffServ nh ngha cc PHB
cung cp kh nng QoS thit thc hn khi so snh vi u tin chuyn
tip n gin ca IP TOS v 802.1p. DiffServ v IP TOS s dng cng
trng (byte th 2) trong tiu gi IP nhng ngha ca cc bit l
khc nhau. DiffServ cung cp 64 gi tr khc nhau (gi l cc DSCP
DiffServ code point) c th s dng xc nh lp dch v. DiffServ
gm EF PHB cho dch v tr thp, tn tht gi thp, AF PHB cho cc
dch v khng yu cu thi gian thc, CS (Class Selector la chn
dch v) cho phn hi tng tch vi IP TOS v ch mc nh DF
(Default Forwarding) cho dch v n lc ti a. Khng ging nh CE-
VLAN CoS, DiffServ v IP TOS yu cu thit b mng khch hng v
nh cung cp kim tra tiu gi tin IP trong khung Ethernet xc

nh gi tr DSCP hoc TOS. Hu ht cc router v switch Ethernet h
tr kh nng ny ngoi tr cc thit b r tin. Nu thit b khng h tr
kim tra DSCP trong tiu gi tin th chc nng nh x gia DiffServ,
IP TOS v 802.1p phi c thc hin bi thit b c kh nng phn
tch IP u hoc cui im dch v xc nh CoS. Cc switch ch
cn c kh nng phn loi trng DiffServ/TOS trong tiu gi tin IP.
C 64 tham s hiu nng v lu lng c th p dng cho thc hin
da trn DiffServ v d cc tng tham s CIR, CBS, EIR, EBS, tr,
jitter v tn tht ca 64 mc CoS c nh ngha bi cc gi tr
DiffServ. Thng thng 4 chun DiffServ PHB c th c thc hin.
Do c th c 13 lp dch v (1 EF, 4AF, 7CS v 1 DF) c thc
hin. Ging nh 802.1p, thc hin da trn IP TOS c th to ra 8 lp
dch v.

Tm li, thuc tnh lp dch v EVC nh ngha cc lp c a ra
qua mt EVC da trn cc tham s:
- Nhn dng lp dch v
- Tr khung
- Jitter
- Tn tht khung


V d thuc tnh lp dch v EVC c th c xc nh nh trong bng
3-1 di.

Tham s lp dch v Gi tr
Nhn dng lp dch v CE-VLAN CoS (802.1p) = 6
Tr khung <10 ms
Jitter <1 ms
Tn tht khung <0.001%
Bng 3-1. V d thuc tnh dch v

3.3.5 Chuyn pht khung dch v

Mt EVC cho php cc khung dch v c th trao i gia cc UNI
cng kt ni ti EVC . Cc khung ny c th l khung d liu hoc khugn
iu khin. C nhiu cch xc nh cc khung c chuyn ti UNI no
trong EVC a im. C nhiu tham s lin quan n vic chuyn pht cc
khung Ethernet.

C nhng dch v Ethernet chuyn pht ton b cc khung v c nhng
dch v gii hn cc loi khung c chuyn pht. Cc nh cung cp dch v
phi ch r loi khung dch v no c h tr chuyn pht v loi no khng
c chuyn pht. Sau y l mt s loi khung dch v v cch thc chng
c h tr.
+ Chuyn pht khung dch v unicast: Khung unicast c ch ra bi
a ch MAC ch. a ch khung unicast c th bit (mng hc
c) hoc cha bit. Thuc tnh dch v EVC ny ch r khung dch

v unicast b hy b, chuyn i hoc chuyn i c iu kin. Nu
chuyn i c iu kin th iu kin phi c ch ra.
+ Chuyn pht khung dch v multicast: IETF RFC 1112 nh ngha
khong a ch MAC multicast l t 01-00-5E-00-00-00 ti 01-00-5F-
7F-FF-FF. Thuc tnh dch v ny cng ch r khung dch v multicast
b hy b, chuyn i hoc chuyn i c iu kin.
+ Chuyn pht khung braodcast: IEEE802.3 nh ngha a ch MAC
broadcast l FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF. Thuc tnh dch v ny cng ch r
khung dch v b hy b, chuyn i hoc chuyn i c iu kin.
+ X l giao thc iu khin lp 2: Thuc tnh dch v ny c th p
dng ti UNI hoc cho mi EVC. C nhiu giao thc lp 2 ang c
s dng trong mng. Bng 3-2 lit k mt s giao thc chnh ang c
s dng hin nay. Ph thuc vo dch v c a ra, nh cung cp c
th x l hoc hy b cc giao thc ny ti UNI hoc chuyn thng ti
EVC. Nh cung cp dch v cng c th hy b hoc truyn tunnel i
qua EVC.

Giao thc a ch MAC ch
Khung iu khin MAC 802.3x 01-80-C2-00-00-01
LACP 01-80-C2-00-00-02
Nhn thc cng IEEE 802.1x 01-80-C2-00-00-03
GARP 01-80-C2-00-00-2X
STP 01-80-C2-00-00-00
Giao thc multicast cho ton b cc
bridge trong LAN
01-80-C2-00-00-10
Bng 3-2. Cc giao thc iu khin lp 2

Thng thng ton b cc dch v Ethernet h tr cc khung dch v
unicast, multicast v broadcast. Mt dch v E-LAN s h tr hc a ch v
unicast. Cc khung Ethernet cha bit a ch unicast, multicast hoc
broadcast s c chuyn ti ton b cc UNI ni ti RVC. Cc khung
Ethernet c a ch bit s c chuyn ti mt UNI c MAC c
hc.

3.3.6 H tr gn nhn VLAN

H tr gn nhn VLAN cung cp mt b cc tham s quan trng nh
hng n cht lng v hiu nng chuyn pht cc khung. Cc khung dch
v c th c gn nhn hoc khng gn nhn. Cc cp UNI c th h tr cc
loi nhn VLAN khc nhau. V d c UNI ch h tr cc khung dch v c
gn nhn trong khi c nhng UNI khc c th h tr c hai loi khung c
gn nhn v khng c gn nhn nh hnh 3-16.

Hnh 3-16. H tr gn nhn VLAN

Vi cc UNI h tr gn nhn VLAN, cc thu bao phi bit loi
VLANc h tr v ti u cc nhn VLAN c bo ton hoc chuyn i.
+ Nhn VLAN khch hng v nh cung cp: Mt nh cung cp c th
thm mt nhn VLAN vo khung dch v phn bit cc nhn VLAN
ca cc thu bao to thnh ngn xp nhn. C hai loi ngn xp nhn l
Q-in-Q (802.1Q-in-802.1Q) v MAC-in-MAC. phn bit nhn
VLAN ca thu bao t nhn VLAN ca nh cung cp c chn vo
(khi dng Q-in-Q hoc MAC-in-MAC), MEF nh ngha tham s CE-
VLAN ID (Customer Edge VLAN ID Nhn dng VLAN pha khch
hng) ch VLAN ID ca khch hng. CE-VLAN ID cng cha
trng 802.1p, 802.1p c MEF gi l CE-VLAN CoS.
+ Cc thuc tnh dch v CE-VLAN: MEF nh ngha hai thuc tnh
dch v h tr CE-VLAN l bo ton CE-VLAN ID v bo ton CE-
VLAN CoS. Nhn CE-VLAN cha c hai trng VLAN ID v CoS
nhng dch v c th bo ton mt hoc c hai tham s .
- Bo ton CE-VLAN ID: L mt thuc tnh dch v ca EVC
xc nh ni CE-VLAN ID c gi nguyn trn EVC hoc b
chuyn i. Bo ton CE-VLAN ID cng c ngha rng khng
c gii hn vic chn VLAN ID ca khch hng hoc ch c mt
s VLAN ID nht nh c s dng trn mt giao din. Bo
ton CE-VLAN ID thch hp cho cc dch v LAN m rng bi
v cc VLAN ID c th c s dng trong mng ca khch
hng v c bo ton. Bo ton c th h tr cc khung khng
gn nhn v chuyn pht chng trn cng mt EVC.
- Bo ton CE-VLAN CoS: l mt thuc tnh dch v ch ra ni
cc bit CE-VLAN CoS (v d 802.1p) c gi nguyn hoc

thay i trn EVC. Bo ton CE-VLAN CoS cng thch hp cho
cc dch v LAN m rng
+ Chuyn i cc VLAN ID: CE-VLAN ID c th chuyn i khi mt
UNI h tr gn nhn v UNI khc khng h tr gn nhn. Trng hp
ny CE-VLAN ID c dng xc nh EVC ch c ngha ni b
i vi mi UNI. MEF nh ngha hai thuc tnh dch v. Mt l
chuyn i CE-VLAN ID/EVC cung cp bng nh x gia cc CE-
VLAN ID ti EVC. Hai l danh sch UNI cung cp cc UNI kt ni ti
EVC. Danh sch UNI ca dch v E-Line gm hai UNI cn i vi E-
LAN gm hai hoc nhiu UNI. Khi mt UNI khng h tr nhn VLAN,
bt k khung dch v Ethernet no chuyn pht ti s khng c nhn
VLAN. Nu UNI pha pht h tr nhn VLAN v cc khung dch v
c gi i vi mt nhn VLAN th nh cung cp s loi b nhn
VLAn trc khi chuyn pht ti UNI khng h tr nhn VLAN. Vi
cc khung i t UNI khng h tr nhn VLAN ti UNI h tr nhn
VLAN th nh cung cp s thm nhn VLAN vo theo bng chuyn i
nhn VLAN. Bng 3-3 ch ra cc kh nng c th h tr VLAN ti mt
UNI. Mt s dch v c th h tr ch mt trng hp trn, c dch v
h tr nhiu hn v cho php thu bao la chn.


H tr nhn VLAN
Kh nng ca UNI Khng
gn nhn
Gn nhn Khng / C
gn nhn
Khng cho php
gn nhn VLAN

C

Khng

Khng
Chuyn i nhn
VLAN
C C C
Bo ton nhn
VLAN
Khng C C
Bng 3-3. Cc kh nng c th h tr nhn VLAN ti mt UNI

3.3.7 Ghp dch v:

Ghp dch v l thuc tnh c dng h tr nhiu EVC trn cng
mt UNI. Hnh 3-17 l v d v ghp nhiu dch v.

Hnh 3-17. Ghp nhiu dch v vi cc EVC im-im

Trong v d, UNI A l giao din Gigabit Ethernet h tr ghp nhiu
dch v. Cc UNI B, C v D l giao din 100Mbps. Ti UNI A c 3 EVC
im-im l EVC1, EVC2 v EVC3. S dng ghp dch v ti A trnh c
vic phi s dng cc giao din vt l khc nhau. Bi v ch c mt EVC ti
mi UNI B, C v D nn cc UNI ny khng cn thit phi h tr ghp dch v
v c th c hoc khng h tr nhn VLAN ty theo cc dch v h tr v yu
cu ca thu bao. Trong v d, trn EVC1 gi s cc khung dch v t UNI A
h tr gn nhn ti UNI B khng h tr gn nhn th nh cung cp dch v s
loi b nhn CE-VLAN khi cc khung i t UNI A ti UNI B v thm nhn
CE-VLAN vo cc khung gi t UNI B v UNI A.

Li ch ca ghp dch v: Ghp dch v cho php mt UNI h tr nhiu
EVC. Ghp dch v c cc u im sau:
+ Chi ph thit b thp: Cho php gim ti thiu s cng trn router
hoc switch ca thu bao v tng mc s dng ca cc cng. Do lm
gim chi ph cho thit b ca khch hng
+ Gim thiu khng gian, ngun v dy cp: So vi s dng nhiu
cng vt l, ghp dch v gim thiu s lng rack v ngun cung cp
cho thu bao, ngoi ra cn gim c cp kt ni gia cc thit b.
+ D dng kch hot dch v mi: Ghp dch v cho php thit lp
EVC mi m khng cn ti tn ni lp t thit b v kt ni cp.

Nh vy cc dch v c cu trc t nhng thuc tnh trn bng cch
la chn cc thuc tnh v p dng cc tham s khc nhau.


3.3.8 Gp nhm v vn an ninh mng

Trong cu trc khung ca 802.1Q c mt trng 12 bit l VLAN tag.
Nh vy c ti a l 4096 VLAN cho mt min lp 2. Vi tnh nng gp
nhm, c nhiu hn mt CE-VLAN c nh x vo mt EVC ti UNI. Khi
tt c VLAN u c nh x vo mt EVC th EVC c thuc tnh gp
nhm tt c trong mt (All to one Bundling).
Mng Metro Ethernet cung cp mng ring o lp 2 (layer 2 VPN) nn
nhng vn an ninh tn ti ti lp 2 ny nh: T chi dch v (DoS: Denial
of Service), trn ngp MAC (MAC flooding) gi mo a ch MAC (MAC
spoofing) cn c bit quan tm.

3.4 V d mt s dch v

3.4.1 Dch v truy cp Internet

Khch hng lun mun nng cao tc kt ni Internet h tr cho
mc ch kinh doanh ca h. Mt EVC c th cung cp kh nng kt ni
mng ni b ca khch hng ti POP ca mt ISP. Dch v truy nhp Internet
thng dng nht l s dng mt EVC im-im nh hnh 3-18.

Hnh 3-18. Truy nhp Internet qua mt EVC im-im

Trong trng hp n gin nht, cc khung khng gn nhn c th
c dng ti mng pha khch hng. Mt thu bao c th s dng BGP cho
nhiu v tr ti hai hoc nhiu ISP. Trng hp ny, thu bao phi s dng
dch v E-Line cho mi ISP. Nu thu bao mun dng cng mt UNI h
tr c truy nhp Internet v kt ni Extranet th cc EVC ring bit s ng
dng.

Ti UNI pha ISP thng s s dng ghp dch v. Nh trong hnh v
gi s UNI ca ISP c tc 1Gbps trong khi cc UNI thu bao ch l
100Mbps. Trong trng hp ny ti UNI 1 v 2 khng c ghp dch v, ghp
dch v ch cn thc hin ti UNI 3 ca ISP. Do UNI 1 v 2 c hai ng
kt ni Internet ring ti POP ca ISP.


3.4.2 Dch v LAN m rng

Cc thu bao vi nhiu v tr khc nhau trong phm vi mt thnh ph
thng c nhu cu kt ni cc v tr li thnh mt mng nh mng LAN
cng truy nhp ti nguyn nh my ch v cc thit b lu tr. Mt mng
LAN m rng s kt ni cc mng LAN khch khng nhng v tr khc
nhau m khng cn bt k nh tuyn trung gian no gia cc UNI. Trong
mt vi trng hp phng php ny n gin v r tin hn phng php
nh tuyn mc d n khng thc s tt cho cc mng cc ln.

kt ni ch gia hai v tr th c th dng mt kt ni E-Line im
im. kt ni nhiu hn hai v tr th c th s dng nhiu E-Line hoc mt
E-LAN.

V LAN m rng c th s dng kt ni switch ti switch nn yu cu
phi c truyn dn trong sut hn truy cp Internet. V d thu bao c th
mun chy STP gia cc v tr mng ca h do yu cu dch v phi h tr
truyn tunnel cc BPDU (Bridge Packet Data Unit). Nu cc VLAN c s
dng trong mng khch hng th dch v cng phi h tr cc nhn VLAN.
Khch hng c th s dng mt E-LAN kt ni ton b cc v tr v truyn
ti tt c cc VLAN nh hnh v.

Hnh 3-19. LAN m rng s dng dch v E-LAN

Mi UNI s h tr bo ton CE-VLAN ID v CE-VLAN CoS, cc bit
nhn VLAN v 802.1p c gi nguyn bi nh cung cp. Trng hp ny
mng ca nh cung cp nh mt on Ethernet vi bt k v tr mng khch
hng no cng c th tham gia vo VLAN. u im ca phng php ny l
thu bao c th cu hnh CE-VLAN gia cc v tr m khng cn ph thuc
vo nh cung cp dch v.

3.4.3 Dch v Intranet/Extranet L2VPN

Cc dch v Ethernet c th cung cp la chn tt cho cc kt ni
Intranet c nh tuyn ti cc v tr xa v kt ni Extranet ti i tc. Nh
trn hnh 3-20, HQ (Headquarters) l tr s chnh kt ni ti cc v tr khc
nhau. HQ kt ni ti chi nhnh bng kt ni Intranet v kt ni ti cc i tc
v nh cung ng khc bng kt ni Extranet. Cc giao din ca router ti HQ

kt ni ti mng nh cung cp dch v s dng mt UNI vi ghp dch v v
h tr ba kt ni EVC im-im.

Kt ni Extranet nh trn c th c dng kt ni ti nhiu i tc
kt ni vi mng MEN nh cc nh cung cp ng dng, cung cp dch v
qun l, cung cp dch v lu tr

Hnh 3-20. V d Intranet/Extranet L2VPN

So vi cc mng IP VPN qua Internet, s dng cc EVC c nhng u
im sau:
+ Cc EVC mang tnh ring t v bo mt hn cho php cc thu bao
trnh c chi ph cho mt mng IP VPN phc tp yu cu nhiu kt
ni qua mng Internet cng cng.

+ Cc EVC c th cung cp bng thng rt ln h tr cc ng dng yu
cu bng thng rng. Lp t cc kt ni EV c th hiu qu hn v chi
ph so vi tng dung lng truy nhp Internet.
+ Cc EVC c th cung cp hiu nng cao hn bao gm tr thp v t
mt gi hn. c bit vi cc ng dng Extranet, cc ng dng ngun
bn ngoi hiu nng truyn ti l rt quan trng.


Kt lun chng III:

Chng ny trnh by v cc dch v c bn theo nh ngha ca
MEF, gm ba dch v kt ni c bn l E-Line, E-LAN v E-Tree theo cc
EVC im-im, EVC a im v EVC im gc-a im. Chng ny cn
gii thch cc tham s v thuc tnh dch v c lin quan n tha thun dch
v SLA.

Trong chng tip theo chng ta s tm hiu s lc v tnh hnh trin
khai mng MAN-E ca VNPT.


CHNG IV - TNH HNH TRIN KHAI
MNG MAN-E CA VNPT

4.1 Mng th bng rng u tin ca Vit Nam

D n Mng th bng rng u tin ca Vit Nam hon thnh
v chnh thc hot ng ngy 25/04/2005 ti TP.HCM. Mng c xy dng
da trn s kt hp gia cng ngh truyn ti RPR/DPT (Resilient Packet
Ring/Dynamic Packet Transport) v cng ngh chuyn mch nhn MPLS
ang c quan tm hng u hin nay. y l mng hin i theo m hnh
Mng th th h mi (Next Generation Metro Network).

Mng c kh nng truyn ti bng thng rt ln v cho php cung cp
cc giao din Ethernet tc cao ln n Gigabit ti tn tng vn phng, tng
doanh nghip, ta nh, khu dn c cao cp, ni nhu cu v vic lin kt trao
i thng tin ni b gia c quan u no vi cc chi nhnh, cc c s khc
trn phm vi a l rng ln v tch bit c quan tm.

im ni bt trong d n l vic p dng cng ngh RPR/DPT trn cc
H thng nh tuyn MPLS thng minh. Cng ngh RPR cho php h thng
trin khai trn cc mch vng cp quang trong thnh ph c kh nng bo v
chuyn sang ng d phng khi xy ra s c trn ng kt ni chnh, thi
gian chuyn ng l rt nhanh 50 ms, mc thi gian hin rt kh t c
trn cc h thng nh tuyn thng thng. Gii php l s kt hp kh nng
sn sng cao ca cng ngh RPR vi cc tnh nng nh tuyn thng minh ca

H thng nh tuyn ca Cisco nh m bo cht lng dch v (QoS) cng
cc tnh nng mi nht ca cng ngh MPLS nh ATOM (Any Transport
over MPLS). Cc tnh nng cao cp trn p ng cc tiu ch ngt ngho v
bng thng, tc , cht lng cho php trin khai cc dch v cao cp nh
thoi, truyn hnh, cc dch v truyn thng hi ngh ca mng th th h
mi.

Cc thit b s dng trong mng li s dng cc b nh tuyn vi cng
ngh nx10Gbps ca Cisco vi kh nng chuyn mch, sn sng v n nh
rt cao. Mng li s dng cc giao din tc STM-16 RTR/DTP nhng
cng ngh RPR cho php ti u ha truyn gi trn mng nn tng thng
lng trn mng ln ti 5 Gbps thay v ch c 2.5 Gbps nh s dng cng
ngh truyn SDH truyn thng.
Hnh 4-1. M hnh xy dng mng MAN ca TP.HCM

Vi gii php mng da trn Gii php Ethernet th ni ting ca
Cisco, Bu in TP.HCM c th cung cp cc dch v tng ng nh cc
dch v truyn thng nh dch v kt ni knh ring-Leased line, Frame
Relay nhng tc ln hn rt nhiu, thi gian p ng yu cu dch v
nhanh chng.

Ngoi ra, cc dch v mi nh cung cp mng LAN o cho ngi s
dng trong th vi cc m hnh kt ni nh im-ti-im, im-ti-a
im rt linh hot. Cc kt ni ny c th thay i bng thng theo yu cu v
theo dch v mt cch hiu qu v nhanh chng t Megabit n Gigabit.

Vi cc u im ny, h thng mng th to thnh kin trc mng
hi t tch hp nhiu loi ng dng v dch v tin tin nht trn nn IP bng
rng nh truy cp Internet bng rng, trung tm d liu mng, mng ring o
IP VPN, VoIP, Video on demand, video conference vi u im ni tri
truyn thoi, hnh nh, d liu, phn phi ni dung) trn cng mt mng vi
cc cht lng dch v u vit mt chi ph thp hn nhiu v u t cng
nh iu hnh v khai thc h thng so vi cc cng ngh mng th truyn
thng trc y.

Mng th bng rng ny c th d dng kt ni vo mng dch v
khc nh DSL, thoi th h mi, Internet hin c ca Bu in TP. H Ch
Minh cng nh VNPT.


4.2 Tnh hnh trin khai MAN-E ca VNPT hin nay

Ngy 28/5/2009, Tp on Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT)
k kt hp ng thit k, cung cp v lp t h thng mng MAN-Ethernet
cho 10 vin thng tnh, thnh ph vi Cng ty C phn Vin thng Tin hc
Bu in (CT-IN) - i tc c y quyn ca nh sn xut thit b Cisco.

H thng mng mi ny s cho php VNPT cung cp nhng dch v s
dng giao thc IP th h mi hi t gm d liu, thoi, di ng v video, bao
gm c cng ngh hp hi ngh TelePresence ca Cisco.

Mng li ca VNPT s tn dng li th ca nh tuyn Cisco dng
7600, l b nh tuyn mng bin dnh cho cc nh cung cp dch v u tin
ca ngnh cng nghip mang li kh nng chuyn mch Ethernet mt cao
tch hp, nh tuyn IP/MPLS (chuyn mch nhn a giao thc), v giao din
kt ni 10-Gbps (Gigabit/giy), gip cho php cc nh cung cp dch v mang
n cho c ngi tiu dng v doanh nghip cc dch v trn mt mng
Carrier Ethernet hi t n nht.

Ngy 6/10/2009, CT-IN tip tc c k kt hp ng thit k, cung
cp v lp t thit b cho d n xy dng mng MAN-E cho 17 vin thng
tnh, thnh.

Cho ti nay, MAN-E v ang c lp t ti 59 tnh thnh trong c
nc s dng cc thit b ca Huawei v Cisco. Mt s tnh thnh nh H
Ni, TP. H Ch Minh, Hi Phng, Ph Th a vo hot ng cung cp
cc dch v mi nh IPTV, MetroNet, FTTH

KT LUN

Nh vy, n trnh by v nhng cng ngh s dng trong MAN-
E v cc dch v cung cp qua MAN-E. Mng MAN-E c th c xy dng
t nhiu cng ngh khc nhau nh SONET/SDH, RPR, MPLS, DWDM...
Mng MAN-E c u im v tnh linh hot, gi thnh thit b r hn nhiu so
vi cc cng ngh TDM truyn thng. V phn dch v, n trnh by mt
s dch v c bn c MEF nh ngha nh E-Line, E-LAN v E-Tree.

Ngoi ra n cng tm hiu v vic xy dng mng MAN-E ca
VNPT. Hin nay Vit Nam, VNPT v ang trin khai MAN-E rng khp
cc tnh thnh, mt s tnh thnh a vo khai thc s dng vi cc dch v
nh MetroNet, FTTH, MyTV

Chc chn sp ti y vi s bng n v CNTT v truyn thng, MAN-
E s p ng c nhu cu ngy cng ln ca khch hng, nht l cc khch
hng l t chc, doanh nghip do nn kinh t ngy cng pht trin hn trc.
MAN-E s ng vai tr quan trng trong vic xy dng chnh ph in t. V
vy vic tm hiu cc cng ngh hin c v nghin cu cc cng ngh mi l
vic lm ht sc cn thit.


TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Metro Ethernet, Sam Halabi, Cisco Press, 2003.
2. Metro Ethernet Services A technical overview, Metro Ethernet Forum,
2003.
3. Gigabit Ethernet for Metro Area Networks, Paul Bedell, McGraw Hill.
4. Ti liu nghim thu dch v xy dng MAN-E cho 10 vin thng tnh
thnh nhm 1 thuc tp on VNPT, TT. o kim - Vin k thut bu in,
9/2009.
5. Nghin cu cc tiu chun ca cc t chc tiu chun trn th gii v dch
v Ethernet v khuyn ngh p dng Vit Nam, TS. V Tun Lm, ti
nghin cu khoa hc m s 98-06-KHKT-RD, 2006.

Công Nghệ Mạng MAN-E

Cargado por

Información del documento

Derechos de autor

Formatos disponibles

Compartir este documento

Compartir o incrustar documentos

Opciones para compartir

¿Le pareció útil este documento?

¿Este contenido es inapropiado?

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Công Nghệ Mạng MAN-E

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MNH

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA

También podría gustarte