I Ðû¦è[ª- Þœªô¢ªî¦ô¢Ù 11 ÎÞœú£ªd 2005

Sumathi: Hi, Vimala, well met. When shall ★ You, he, she, it and they will -êÁ
we sit to plan our holiday? Indefinite future.
(ÚÛ#a-êŸÙ-Ú¥E)
(óÀª N÷ªõ! ÷ªìÙ ÚÛõª-ú£ª-ÚÁ-÷è[Ù you, he, she, it and
Ïí£±pè[ª šíj ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺
÷ªÙ#-ëµjÙC. Mè¶ ð§xûË à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ they shall
êÁ î¦è¶ ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄõª–
Óí£±pè[ª ÚÛ«ô¢ªaÙë¯Ù?) îµ³ë]å Ï#aì ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺
Holiday = ÷«÷´õª Íô¢nÙ šúõ÷±. ÏÙÚÁ 1) ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ future ö˺ áô¢ª-Þœª-ê¦-óŸª-ìª-ÚÛªìo Nù£-
Íô¢nÙ ÷ªìÙ ÓÚÛ\è…·Újû¦ ú£ô¢-ë¯Þ¥ îµRx ޜ腛í óŸ«õª.
ôÁVõª ÍE. a) It shall be this evening.
Vimala: Why not this evening? I shall be Ð þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ÍC ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ ÑÙåªÙ-C/-Í-÷±-
away from tomorrow onwards. ꟪ÙC, ÑÙè¯-L/-Í-î¦yL.
(Ð þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ ÓÙë]ªÚÛª ÚÛ«ôÁaÚÛ«-è[ë]ª? b) She shall come.
û¶ìª ¸ôí£æ¨ ìªÙ# G@Þ¥ ÑÙæ°.) Î êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷ú£ªhÙ-C/-ô¦-î¦L. steno shall stay longer than all of ìª÷±y ÑÙè¯L (Îác–command)
why not = ÓÙë]ªÚÛª ÚÛ«è[ë]ª? c) He shall join. you. I have a lot of letters to dictate, e) They shall stay too.
Sumathi: It shall be this evening then. You êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷ªìêÁ ÷þ§h-è[ª/-ô¦-î¦L. and she shall take out their print command)
î¦üŒŠx ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L. (Îác–
shall be here at 7 PM. d) They shall not. outs before tomorrow morning. For f) My steno shall stay.
(Íô³ê¶ ÐôÁV þ§óŸªÙvêŸî¶ª î¦üŒ‰x ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª/ô¦ô¢ª two more days the office shall work command)
û¦ šúdûËÁ ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L (Îác–
ÚÛ«ô¢ªaÙë¯Ù. Ôè…Ù-æ¨Ú¨ ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ e) You shall be here. till 7PM. g) She shall take print outs.
ÑÙè¯L.) ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L. (î¦üŒŠx êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÑÙæ°ô¢ª. þ¼÷ª-î¦ô¢Ù
Vimala: How about Sourabha? Won't she Manoj: How long am I to be here, Sir?
Î ví‡Ùå-÷±åªx êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ BóŸ«L (Îác–

à¶óŸ«L... êŸí£pë]ª!
÷ô¢ÚÛª î¦üŒ‰x ÚÛ«è¯ MîË Íè[ÞœÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¦ command)
(will not she) join us? (û¶ûµÙ-êŸ-›úí£± ÏÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯õÙè†?)
(þ¿ô¢òÅ¡ ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ùæ¨? Î ÷ªìêÁ ô¦ë¯?)
Sumathi: She shall come, ofcourse. She has
promised me.
(Î êŸí£pÚÛ ÷ú£ªhÙC. ÷þ§h-ìE ÷«å
Ï#aÙC.)
Vimala: What about Sudhakar, Your cousin?
(Oª ÚÛ>ûË ú£ªëů-ÚÛô ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ùæ¨?)
Sumathi: He shall join us too.
(ÍêŸì« êŸí£p-ÚÛªÙè¯ ÷þ§hè[ª.) Officer: You shall be here till 7 in the šúdûËÁ Oª ÍÙë]-J-ÚÛÙç¶ ÓÚÛª\-÷-›úí£± h) The office (it) shall work.
Vimala: Won't Neeraj and Kalyan come? evening. ÑÙåªÙC. û¶ìª à¦ö° öµåô¢ªx è…¸ÚdæËÀ Îíƈúà í£E-à¶-óŸ«L (Îác– command)
(Fô¢âÉÀ, ÚÛü‹uéÉ ô¦÷è[Ù ö¶ë¯?) (ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ Ôè…Ù-æ¨-÷ô¢ÚÛª à¶óŸ«L. ¸ôí£± Ñë]-óŸ«-E-ÚÛö°x Î êŸí£p-E- – êµõª-þ¼hÙC ÚÛë¯ you, he, she, it and they êÁ
Sumathi: Why they? They shall not. I don't ÑÙè¯L– Îác) shallî¦è… Îácõª (Commands/ orders) Ï÷yàŸªa.
like them. Manoj: Why so long, Sir?
(î¦ü˜xÙ-ë]ªÚÛª? î¦üŒ‰x ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¦Ú¨ù£dÙ ö¶ë]ª) (ÍÙêŸ-›úí£± ÓÙë]ª-ÚÛÙè†?) ÏÙÚ¥ àŸ«è[Ùè….
i) You shall not smoke here.
Ð ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ you, he, she, it and theyêÁ Officer: You shall finish all this work and then
ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é 31
shall ô¦÷è[Ù Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…. only go.
ìª÷±y ÏÚÛ\è[ þ¼tÚ à¶óŸª-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª.
j) Oª public, university exams answer books
It shall be; (ìª÷±y Ð í£E í£²Jh à¶ú‡ îµü‹xL.)
She shall come; Manoj: I want leave on Friday Sir.
ö˺ instructions ÍFo shall î¦è[ÚÛÙêÁ
He shall join; (øŒ‰vÚÛ-î¦ô¢Ù û¦ÚÛª šúõ÷± Ú¥î¦L.) ÑÙæ°ô³.
ú£-JÞ¥ î¦æ¨ ví‡Ùå-÷±åªx Bú£ª-ÚÁ-î¦L. ÏÙÚÁ i) No candidate (he/she) shall bring any slips
They shall (not); Officer: You shall not ·ôÙè[ª ö¶ë¯ ÓÚÛª\÷ ôÁVõª þ§óŸªÙvêŸÙ of paper into the exam hall.
You shall be go on leave till Ôè…Ùæ¨ ÷ô¢ÚÛª Îíƈúà í£E-à¶óŸ«L.) (í£K¤Û öËÀ-ö˺ڨ Ó÷ô¢« Ú¥TêŸÙ ú‡xí£±põª Bú£ª-ÚÛª-
ÏÙêŸ-÷-ô¢ÚÛª ÷ªìÙ êµõª-ú£ª-ÚÛªÙC ÖÚÛþ§J Þœªô¢ªh-à¶-ú£ª- Monday. You
ÚÛªÙë¯Ù. shall stay here
Ð ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ Officer, you, he, she it and ô¦-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. - order)
they êÁ shall î¦è[è[Ù Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…. Íö° î¦è[è[Ù ii) Absolute silence shall be observed.
1) I/We êÁ shall; you, he, she, it and they êÁ as long as I
ÎóŸªì Îácõª (commands) Ï÷y-è¯-EÚ¨. ÍÙç¶ (í£²Jh EøŒzñlÙ ð§æ¨Ù-à¦L– order)
will ÚÛ#a-êŸÙ-Ú¥E òÅ¡N-ù£u꟪h (Indefinite future) want you to.
you, he, she, it and they êÁ shall Îác-õìª ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy í£vê¦õª, EñÙ-ëÅ]ìõª ÍEoæ˺x you, he,
ìª êµLóŸª-â¶-þ§hô³. (þ¼÷ª-î¦ô¢Ù (commands) êµLóŸªâ¶ú£ªhÙC. she, it, they êÁ shall Îác-õÚÛª î¦è[è[Ù Oªô¢ª
2) I/We êÁ will ÷ªì Eô¢g-óŸ«-õìª (decisions), ÷ô¢ÚÛª šúõ÷± šíåd- a) You shall be here. Þœ÷ªEÙàŸ÷àŸªa. Court orders ö˺ ÚÛ«è¯ ÍÙê¶.
Ñë¶l-ø‹õìª (intentions) êµLóŸª-â¶-þ§hô³. ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª. û¶ìª M. SURESAN command) orders â°K à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨you, he, she, it and they
3) I/We êÁ will ÷ªìÙ promise à¶óŸª-è¯-EÚ¨ ÓÙêŸ-›úí£± Ú¥î¦- ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯L (Îác–
b) You shall finish. êÁ ÍCÅ-Ú¥-J-ÚÛÙÞ¥ (official) Íô³û¦, Íì-CÅ-Ú¥-JÚÛÙÞ¥
î¦è[ê¦Ù. õÙç¶ ÍÙêŸ-›úí£± ìªNy-ÚÛ\è[ ÑÙè¯-LqÙë¶.) command)
ìª÷±y í£²Jh à¶óŸ«L (Îác– (unofficial) Íô³û¦ 'shall' î¦è[-ê¦ô¢ª.
÷ªìÙ Þœ÷ª-EÙ-#ì Nù£-óŸ«õª ú£ÙvÞœ-ÙÞ¥– Manoj: What about the others Sir?
c) You shall not go on leave. English practice
★ I/WeêÁ shall - Indefinite future (NªÞœê¦ ú‡ñsÙC ú£ÙÞœ-ê¶Ù-åÙè†?) Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥uõª ö˺ à¶óŸªÙè…. ú£Ùë]-
command) shall, will
★ I/WeêÁ will - Officer: They shall stay too. They shall not
ìª÷±y šúõ÷± šíåd-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª (Îác– ô¦sÄEo ñæ¨d ·ôÙè[« î¦è[Ùè….
determination (Eô¢góŸªÙ) d) You shall stay. 1) Íåª-÷Ù-æ¨-ë¶Oª ìª÷±y à¶óŸª-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª (such= Íåª-
apply for leave either, till Monday. My
÷Ùæ¨).
ví£øŒo: a) Infinitives ÍÙç¶ ÔNªæ¨? (Î ÞœêŸÙö˺– ð§è… ÑÙè¯-õE DEo 'I had been there when the func- 2) ìª÷±y ¸ôí£± ÏÚÛ\è…Ú¨ Ôè…Ù-æ¨Ú¨ ô¦ (order).
b) 'to + have +V3' ÍÙç¶ Íô¢nÙ ÍìªÚÛªÙæ˺ÙC) tion began exactly at 6', ÍE ÷«J›úh 3) ¸ôí£± þ§óŸªÙ-vê¦-E-ÚÛö°x í£E í£²Jh-à¶-óŸ«L.
ÔNªæ¨? c) To í£ÚÛ\ì be Þ¥F being î¦è[-ê¦ô¢ª êŸí£±p- sentence ÚÛª ú£·ôjì Íô¢nÙ ÷ú£ªhÙC. Íô³ê¶ 4) Ram: ÷ªSx û¶ìª Óí£±pè[ªô¦ìª ÏÚÛ\è…Ú¨?
sentence (a) Raghu: ìª÷±y ÷ªSx ÏÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ ô¦ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª.
c) to
í£ÚÛ\ì being ö¶ë¯ be î¦è…ê¶ ö¶ë]ª. DEÚ¨ šíjì Ú¨ Íô¢nÙö˺ ê¶è¯
i) I like to be here for sometime. ÷ú£ªhÙC. (b) function
î¦Ú¥u-EÚ¨ Íô¢nÙ ÚÛ·ô- Ram: ìª÷yö° ÷«æ°x-è[-ÚÛ«-è[ë]ª.
ë¯E Íô¢nÙ ÔNªæ¨? Raghu: ìª÷±y í£E í£²Jh-à¶-óŸ«L. Î êŸô¦yê¶
– í‡. ÐøŒy-ô¢-ô¦÷±, ÞœªÙå«ô¢ª (û¶ìª ÏÚÛ\è[ Ú¥›úí£± ÑÙè¯õE ÚÂdÞ¥ ÎJÙ-æ¨Ú¨ vð§ô¢ÙòšiÙC. ÍÙêŸÚÛª ÷³Ùë]ª
áî¦ñª: a) Infinitives ìª ÞœªJÙ# ÏÙêŸ-ÚÛª-
ÍìªÚÛªÙåª-û¦oìª.) ìªÙචû¶ìª ÍÚÛ\è[ Ñû¦oìª ÍE. ììªo ÚÛõª-ú£ª-ÚÁ-î¦L.
ii) I object to being treated as a ví£øŒo: a) Would E Ôó¶ª ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄö˺x Ñí£- Ram: û¶ìª Ð þ§óŸªÙ-vêŸî¶ª ÚÛ#a-êŸÙÞ¥ í£E
÷³Ùë]ª ÷#aì ð§ôȦö˺x N÷-JÙà¦Ù ÍC stranger. óµ«-T-þ§hô¢ª? í£²Jh-à¶þ§hìª.
àŸ«è[Ùè…. Raghu: Íô³ê¶ þ§óŸªÙ-vê¦-EÚ¨ ìª÷±y í£E í£²Jh-
(ììªo Ú•êŸhî¦è…Þ¥ àŸ«è[è¯EÚ¨ û¶ìª b) Let you write ÍÙç¶ êŸð§p?
b) to have + V3 - V3 ÍÙç¶ past partici- ÍòÅ¡uÙ-êŸô¢Ù àµñª-꟪-û¦oìª.) à¶-óŸ«L.
ví£øŒo: Oªô¢ª ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é ÷´èÁ-òÅ°-ÞœÙö˺
ple. To have + V3 Ú¨ Ñë¯--ô¢-éõª:
Öð§p? ÓÙë]ªÚÛª? Answers:
to have gone, to have killed, to have
– ñÙè… P÷-ví£-þ§ëÂ, ÚÛå«\ô 1) You shall do no such thing/ You shall not
done etc.
Ï#aì I was there exactly at 6
when the function began Íû¶ áî¦ñª: do any such thing.
i) He seems to have done it. 2) You shall be/ shall come here at 7 tomor-
î¦Ú¥uEo 'I had been there exact- a) 'would'Ñí£óµ«Þ¥Eo êŸyô¢-ö˺û¶ N÷Jþ§hÙ.
(Î í£E ÍêŸè[ª à¶ú‡-ìç¶d ÑÙC (past ö˺ row.
ly at 6 when the function began' b) Let you write - ÏC êŸí£±p. Let Ñí£-
Ôëµjû¦ áJ-T-ìåªx ÍE-í‡Ù-#ÙC). 3) You/He/She/They shall finish/ complete
ii) They appear to have killed the tiger.
ÍE ô¦óŸª-÷à¦a? óµ«ÞœÙ ÏÙêŸÚÛª ÷³Ùë]ª î¦uþ§ö˺x N÷- the work by tomorrow.

áî¦ñª:
(Tiger -past
àŸE-ð¼-ô³ÙC-- - ö˺ î¦ü‹x í£E – #ìªo, ûµõ«xô¢ª JÙà¦Ù. þ§÷«-ìuÙÞ¥ Letìª 'you'êÁ 4) Ram: When shall I come here again?
a) I was there exactly at 6
à¶ú‡ìç¶x Ïí£±pè[ª ÚÛEí‡-ú£ªh-û¦oô¢ª.) î¦è[è[Ù ÑÙè[ë]ª. ÖÚÁ\-þ§J î¦è[-÷àŸªa. Raghu: You shall not (shan't) come here
when the function began. DE Íô¢nÙ
iii) I like to have gone with them. You let yourself into the room, when he again.
function begin Íô³-ì-í£±pè[ª û¶ì-ÚÛ\è[ ÚÛ·ô-
(î¦üŒxêÁ îµRx ÑÙè[-è¯-EÚ¨ Ïù£dí£è[ªêŸª- opens the door. Ram: You shall not (shan't) talk like that.
ÚÂdÞ¥ ÎJÙ-æ¨Ú¨ Ñû¦oìª ÍE. Function
û¦o쪖 ÍÙç¶ î¦üŒ‰x îµRx-ð¼-óŸ«ô¢ª. û¶ìª (ÍêŸìª êŸõªí£± êµô¢-÷-Þ¥û¶, ìª÷y ví£î¶-PÙàŸª– Raghu: You shall finish the work. Then
begin Í÷è[Ù ÎJÙ-樸Ú, û¶ì-ÚÛ\è[ ÑìoC
Ïí£±pè[ª ÷«æ°x-è[ªêŸªû¦oìª.) ÍE Íô¢nÙ. Íô³ê¶ ÏÚÛ\è[ yourself Íû¶ only you shall see/ meet me.
She likes to sing.
ÚÛ«è¯ ÎJÙ-æ¨¸Ú ÍE. Ram: I'll (I will) finish the work by this
b) I had been there exactly at 6 when reflexive î¦è[ÚÛÙ Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…)
(Î ð§è¯-õ-ìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺ÙC) Let you write Íô¢nÙ– ìª÷±y ô¦ô³. Íô³ê¶ evening.
the function began- ÏC ÍÙêŸ ú£J-Ú¥ë]ª.
She likes to have sung 'write' ÍÙç¶ ú£Jð¼êŸªÙC ÚÛë¯. Raghu: You shall (finish), then.