I Ðû¦è[ª- ÷ªÙÞœüŒî¦ô¢Ù 12 Vöµj 2005

b) To drive a car in such traffic is difficult. book?

(Ïö°Ùæ¨ trafficö˺car drive à¶óŸªè[Ù à¦ö° 13) Raghava does not want to study.
ÚÛù£dÙ.) Ð ÷«åõª Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè…
c) To smoke is bad for health. Scold, chide, reprimand = ÚÁí£p-è[è[Ù, ÷ªÙë]-LÙ-
(ð»Þœ íˆõaè[Ù ÎôÁ-Þ¥u-EÚ¨ E-ÚÛô¢Ù.) àŸè[Ù, ¸ÚÚÛ-ö¶-óŸªè[Ù
Ð ÷´èÁ Íô¢nÙ (ô¦óŸªè[Ù, Aìè[Ù ö°Þ¥) ÷#a- crush = ìõ-í£è[Ù, í‡Ùè[è[Ù, ìL-T-ð¼-÷è[Ù
ì-í£±pè[ª infinitive ñë]ªõª 'ing' from (eating, Squeeze = (ô¢ú£Ù ÚÁú£Ù) í‡Ùè[è[Ù
smoking, etc) î¦è[-÷àŸªa. Íô¢nÙ ÷«ô¢ë]ª. Squeeze tooth paste/shaving cream on the
a) To sit in the class for five hours is not a brush.
joke. paste
(vñùà Oªë] î¶óŸªè[Ù).
Sitting in the class for five hours is not a Squeeze dry =
Students go to college to study
ë]ªú£ªhõª ð»è…Þ¥ Íó¶ªuÙêŸ ÷ô¢ÚÛª
joke (to sit - sitting). í‡Ùè[è[Ù.
b) To drive a car is difficult. Ïë¶ Íô¢nÙêÁ ÏÙÚÁ ÷«å wring.
Driving a car is difficult twist = ÷ÙàŸè[Ù, L-ší-ådè[Ù
Prasanthi: Hi Preethi, where were you yes- ✒ (purpose)
c) To smoke is bad for health.
Ñë¶løŒÙ êµLóŸª-â¶-óŸªè[Ù.
terday? twist the arm = à¶ô³ L-ší-ådè[Ù
a) Students go to college to study.
Smoking is bad for health. fold = ÷ªè[êŸ, ÷ªè[êŸ šíådè[Ù
(víˆA, Eìo ìª÷±y ÓÚÛ\è[ª-û¦o÷±?) (àŸë]-÷-è¯-EÚ¨) Ð Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥u-õìª English practice
ö˺ à¶óŸªÙè….
Preethi: I went to Ameerpet to see my b) Suseela came here to join a college.
Ð Ú¨ÙC ›íô¢ªx êµõª-ú£ª-ÚÁÙè….
cousin Prema.
1) û¶ìª îµü‹xõ-ìª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oìª. lizard - ñLx
(college ö˺ à¶ô¢-è¯-EÚ¨)
cousin Prema
2) Î ð§è¯õE Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺ÙC. (Dinosaurs ö°Ùæ¨ î¦æ¨E giant lizards ÍÙæ°ô¢ª)
(÷« ìª àŸ«è[è¯-EÚ¨ c) He went out an hour ago to buy vegeta-
Ameerpet
3) ví£A Në¯uJn best college ö˺û¶ à¶ô¦-õ-ìª- giant - òÅ°K øŒK-ô¢Ù-Þœ-õ-î¦è[ª
îµü‹xìª.) bles. (Ú•ì-è¯-EÚ¨)

÷´è[ª Íô¦nõêÁ infinitive

Prasanthi: I called you yesterday to ask you
ÚÛªÙ-æ°è[ª. (WWE ö˺ wrestlers ö°Þ¥). giant, gigantic
✒ Want, wish, hope, expect, desire ö°Ùæ¨ ÚÁJ-
for some books. Why is Prema in
Hyderabad now?
(Ú•Eo í£±ú£h-Ú¥õª Íè[Þœ-è¯-EÚ¨ Eìo FÚÛª
ðƼûË à¶ø‹ìª. v›í÷ª šïj°ë]-ô¦-ò°-ëÂö˺
ÓÙë]ª-ÚÛªÙC?)
Preethi: To join a software institute here.
(ÏÚÛ\è[ software institute ö˺ à¶ô¢-è¯-
EÚ¨)
Prasanthi: Which institute does she want to
study in?
4) ÖÚÛ ôÁTE àŸ«è[-è¯-EÚ¨ Eìo Îú£ªí£vAÚ¨ size
ÚÛõª êµL›í verbs í£ÚÛ\ì infinitive ÷›úh ‘à¶óŸ«- (áóŸªÙæËÀ, âµjÞ¥Ù-æ¨ÚÂ) Íû¦o à¦õšíë]l ÍE.
(Ô ÏûËÂú‡d-å«u-æËÀö˺ àŸë]-î¦-õ-ìª-ÚÛªÙ- îµü‹xìª. His is a gigantic figure.
õE’ Íû¶ Íô¢nÙ ÷ú£ªhÙC. 5) î¶éª àŸë]-ô¢Ùޜ٠Îè[-è¯-EÚ¨ ôÁW ú£ªò°s- Giant wheel
a) She wants to sing.
æ˺ÙC?) (òÅ°K ÎÚ¥ô¢Ù); êµõª-ú£ª-ÚÛë¯.
Preethi: I don't know. To learn software in
ô¦÷± ÏÙæ¨Ú¨ îµüŒê¦è[ª. ê¦ò¶õª – tortoise (æ°æ¨úÃ).
(ð§è¯-õE Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺ÙC.)
some good place is all that she
6) Ð vÞœ«íà àŸë]-÷è[Ù chameleon
b) He wishes to go home.
Òú£-ô¢-îµLx – (ÚÛOª-L-óŸªûËÂ)
wants.
v›íîªڨ Ïù£dÙ ö¶ë]ª. ð§÷±ô¢Ù – dove/pigeon
(ÏÙæ¨Ú¨ îµü‹x-õE Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-åª-û¦oè[ª.)
(êµMë]ª. ÎÚÛª Ú¥î¦-LqÙ-ë]ö°x ÔëÁ 7) ÍÙêŸ-ë]«ô¢Ù ìè[- #õªÚÛ – parrot
ÖÚÛ ÷ªÙ# institute ö˺ software ÷è[Ù ú£ªõòÅ¡Ù Ú¥ë]ª. ÏüŒxö˺x šíÙàŸª-Ú•û¶ ÚÁüŒ‰x ö°Ùæ¨N – domestic fowl.
û¶ô¢ªaÚÁ÷è[Ù) 8) î¦è[ª Eìo ú£Jd-íƇ-
šíj ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺ to see, to ask, to join, to learn ·Úåªx êµàŸªa-ÚÁ-è¯-EÚ¨
college Ú¨ îµüŒx-ö¶ë]ª.
Íìo ÷«åõª Þœ÷ª-EÙ-àŸÙè….
Ï÷Fo Ô ô¢«í£Ùö˺ Ñû¦oô³? ÎÙÞœxòÅ°ù£é 16 9) Î Î <ô¢-Ú•-û¦õE
To êŸô¦yêŸ 1st Regular Doing Words (see, ask,
Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺Ùë¯?
join, learn) ÷ú£ªh-û¦oô³ ÚÛë¯. Oæ¨E infinitives
10) FÚÛª àŸë]-÷è[Ù Ïù£dÙ M. SURESAN
c) They hope to pass.
ö¶ë¯? (like
ÍÙæ°Ù. (pass Íî¦yõ-E/-Í-÷±-ê¦-÷ªE ÎP-ú£ªh-û¦oô¢ª.)
ví£øŒo: þ¼p·ÚûË ÏÙTxùà í£ë]-Ú•ÙèÁ òÅ°ÞœÙö˺ ô¢î¶ªøÉÂ,
Englishö˺ infinitive ÚÛª à¦ö° vð§÷³ÜuÙ ÑÙC.
î¦è[Ùè…)
d) Kamala expects to get a prize.
Infinitive ÚÛª ÷ªJ-Ú•Eo Ñë¯--ô¢-éõª–
11) Î ÑëÁuޜ٠÷ú£ªhÙë]E ví£Oªõ
✦ to eat
(wšíjâÉÀ ð»Ùë]ª-ê¦-ìE Íìª-ÚÛªÙ-æ˺ÙC.) ÎPþ¼hÙë¯?(hope, get) î¦è[Ùè…. ì¸ô-øÉÂõ ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£é Î ôÁV áJ-T-ìë¶.
✒ ô¦óŸªè[Ù, (to write), Aìè[Ù (to eat) etc Íû¶ Ñë]óŸªÙ í£²ô¢h-ô³ì í£ìª-õÚÛª ú£ÙñÙ-CÅÙ-#ì
✦ to smoke
12) í£±ú£hÚÛÙ Ú•ì-è¯-EÚ¨ Eìo ÓÚÛ\-è…Ú¨ îµü‹x÷±?
í£ìªõìª infinitive êµL-óŸª-â¶-ú£ªhÙC. ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£é present perfect tense ö˺
✦ to buy
13) ô¦íÆ£ª-÷Ú¨ àŸë]-î¦-õE ö¶ë]ª.
a) To sit in the class for five hours a day is ÑÙè¯L ÚÛë¯. Oªô¢ª past tense ö˺ Ïà¦a-
✦ to sell etc. not a joke . Answers:
¸ô-Nªæ¨? Eìo ö¶ë¯ ÞœêŸÙö˺ Óí£±p-èµjû¦ áJ-
Infinitiveìª ÷´è[ª Íô¦n-õêÁ î¦è[ê¦Ù. šíj ú£ÙòÅ°- 1) I want to go.
(Íô³ë]ª ÞœÙåõª Ú¥xúÃö˺ ÚÛ«ôÁa÷è[Ù Tì Nù£-óŸ«-õÚÛª past tense î¦è¯L ÚÛë¯.
ù£-éö˺ Oªô¢ª Þœ÷ª-EÙචÑÙæ°ô¢ª. êŸ÷«ÿ§ Ú¥ë]ª.) 2) She wishes to sing. ÷³ÜuÙÞ¥ bought, didn't you õÚÛª ñë]ª-
3) Every student wants to join the best col- õªÞ¥ have bought, haven't you ö°Ùæ¨
Ð Ú¨ÙC Vocabulary items Oª ú£ÙòÅ°-ù£-éö˺x she bought the same necklace as hers. lege. present perfect Ñí£-óµ«-TÙàŸ ÷àŸªa ÚÛë¯
(êŸì-ÚÛªìo ûµ·Úxúà ö°Ùæ¨ë¶ í£Ú¨\Ùæ°Nè[ Ú•ìoÙ-ë]ªÚÛª 4) I went to the hospital yesterday to see a
– ú‡šï°àÂ. ô¦÷ª-àŸÙ-vë]-÷´Jh, Ú¥Ú¨-û¦è[
î¦è[Ùè… N÷-JÙ-àŸ-Þœ-õô¢ª.
VOCABULARY

1) Ðô¢{u-í£-è[è[Ù– envy ÎÚÛª Íú£«óŸª) patient.

5) Venu goes to Subbarao's everyday to play
áî¦ñª: Past actions, time known ÞœêŸÙö˺ áJ-
she envies her sister. 3) gratitude - (vÞ¥æ¨-å«uèÂ) ÚÛ'êŸ-ácêŸ.
(þ¼ë]J Oªë] Î Ðô¢{u-í£-è[ª-êÁÙC) He has gratitude. chess.
2) jealousy- Íú£«óŸª He has no gratitude. 6) Prem does not like to study this group. TìN Ô çµjîªö˺ Ô ûµõö˺, Ô ôÁV ÍE ÚÛ#aêŸÙÞ¥
jealous - Íú£«-óŸªêÁ ÑÙè[è[Ù 4) grateful - (v·ÞóÀª-æËÀ-íÆ£±öËÀ) ÚÛ'êŸ-ácêŸ ÚÛLTì 7) To walk/walking such a distance is not àµí£p-Þœ-L-Tê¶ Íí£±pè[ª ÷ªìÙ past simple ÷«vêŸî¶ª
ÏêŸ-ô¢ª-õ-ÚÛª-ìoN ÷ªìÚÛª ö¶ì-í£±pè[ª ÷ªìÚÛª ÚÛL¸Þ I am grateful to you for your help. easy. î¦è[ê¦Ù. ÞœêŸÙö˺ áJ-Tì í£E Óí£±pè[ª, Ô ûµõ, Ô
ò°ëÅ]– Ðô¢{u (envy). (Oª ú£ï£„-óŸ«-EÚ¨ ÚÛ'êŸ-Vc-è…E) 8) He did not go to college yesterday to get ôÁV, Ô çµjîªö˺ ÍE àµí£pì-í£±pè[ª (ÍÙêŸÚÛª
÷ªì-ÚÛª-ìoC ÏêŸô¢ªõÚÛª ÚÛ«è¯ ÑÙè… ÷ªì vð§÷³ÜuÙ 5) ë¶÷±è… í£åx ÚÛ'êŸ-ác-êŸ-Þœõ – thankful the certificates. ÷³Ùë]ª çµjîª ú£Ùë]-ô¦sÄ-ìª-þ§-ô¢ÙÞ¥ êµLú‡-ì-í£±pè[ª
êŸT_Ùë]ìª-ÚÛªÙç¶ ÍC Íú£«óŸª (jealousy). I am thankful that I have such parents. 9) Does she want/wish to buy the sari? êŸí£p) present perfect î¦è[ê¦Ù.
10) Don't you like (Do you not like) to study? a) He has brought a car.
A poor man may envy a rich man. (Íö°Ùæ¨ êŸLxë]Ùvè[ª-õª-ìoÙ-ë]ªÚÛª ë¶÷±-è…Ú¨ ÚÛ'êŸ-Vc-è…E)
(ëÅ]ì÷Ù-꟪-è…E àŸ«›úh ›íë] î¦è…Ú¨ Ðô¢{u ÚÛõ-Þœ-÷àŸªa) (grateful - ÷ªEù‡ í£åx ÚÛ'êŸ-ác-êŸ-Þœõ, 11) Does Pramila hope to get that job? (çµjîª êµL-óŸª-â¶óŸªè[Ù ö¶ë]ª)
12) Where did you go yesterday to buy the b) He bought the car this morning.
She is jealous of her neighbour because thankful - ë¶÷±è… í£åx ÚÛ'êŸ-ácêŸ Þœõ)
(çµjîª àµñªêŸªû¦oÙ)