COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER

SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS

INTELLECTUAL PROPERY CODE
(R.A. No. 8293, effective January 1, 1998)
INTELLECTUAL PROPERY
-those property rights which results from the physicl
m!ifesttio! of ! origi!l thought"
#$ll!ti!e%s Lw Dictio!ry&
CO'ERA(E ) I!tellectul property rights co!sists of*
& Copyrights !+ relte+ rights,
-& Tr+emr.s !+ ser/ice mr.s,
c& (eogrphic i!+ictio!s,
+& I!+ustril +esig!s,
e& Pte!ts,
f& Lyout-+esig!s #Topogrphies& of I!tegrte+ Circuits, !+
g& Protectio! of U!+isclose+ I!formtio!" #0ec" 1&
0TATE POLICY IN RE0PECT O2 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RI(3T0 #IPR&
-There is +eclrtio! of 0tte Policy tht4 mo!g
others4 the 0tte recog!i5es tht ! effecti/e i!tellectul !+
i!+ustril property system is /itl to the +e/elopme!t of
+omestic !+ creti/e cti/ity4 fcilittes tr!sfer of tech!ology4
ttrcts foreig! i!/estme!ts !+ e!sures mr.et ccess for our
pro+ucts4 he!ce it shll protect !+ secure e6clusi/e rights of
scie!tists4 i!/e!tors4 rtists4 !+ other gifte+ citi5e!s to their
i!tellectul property !+ cretio!s" #0ec" 7&
INTERNATIONAL CON'ENTION AND RECIPROTICY
A!y perso! who is !tio!l or who is +omicile+ or hs
rel !+ effecti/e i!+ustril est-lishme!t i! cou!try
which
8& is prty to !y co!/e!tio!4 trety4 or greeme!t relti!g to
i!tellectul property rights or the repressio! of u!fir
competitio! to which the Philippi!es is lso prty4 or
7& e6te!+s reciprocl rights to !tio!ls of the Philippi!es -y
lw4 shll -e e!title+ to -e!efits to the e6te!t !ecessry to
gi/e effect to !y pro/isio! of such co!/e!tio!4 trety4 or
reciprocl lw4 i! ++itio! to the rights to which !y ow!er
of ! i!tellectul property rights is otherwise pro/i+e+ -y
lw" #0ec" 9&
REVERSE RECIPROCITY OF FOREIGN LAWS
Section 231 ) m.i!g e!force-le o! !tio!ls of
foreig! stte ll co!+itio!s4 restrictio!s4 limittio!s4 +imi!utio!s4
re:uireme!ts or pe!lties tht my -e impose+ -y such foreig!
stte o! 2ilipi!o !tio!l see.i!g i!tellectul property
protectio!"
Reciprocl pplictio! is !ot utomtic
Rther4 the Phils" my pply to the foreig! !tio!l
those restrictio!s tht his cou!try imposes o! 2ilipi!o pplic!ts
;ht re <TEC3NOLO(Y TRAN02ER ARRAN(E=ENT0>?
-co!trcts or greeme!ts i!/ol/i!g the tr!sfer of
systemtic .!owle+ge for the m!ufcture of pro+uct4 the
pplictio! of process4 or re!+eri!g of ser/ice i!clu+i!g
m!geme!t co!trcts, !+ the tr!sfer4 ssig!me!t or
lice!si!g of ll forms of i!tellectul property rights4 i!clu+i!g
lice!si!g of computer softwre e6cept computer softwre
+e/elope+ for mss mr.et" #0ec" 1&
PRESCRIPI!E PERI"# "$ ACI"NS $"R #A%A&ES
'N#ER (E IPC
-No +mges my -e reco/ere+ fter four #1& yers
from the time the cuse of ctio! rose #0ec" 77@&
J'RIS#ICI"N "!ER #ISP'ES 'N#ER IPC
A. Original Jurisdiction
1) #irector &enera) (IP")
-hs origi!l Auris+ictio! to resol/e +isputes relti!g to
the terms of lice!se i!/ol/i!g the uthor%s right to
pu-lic perform!ce or other commu!ictio! of his
wor."
2) *ureau of +e,a) Affair-
-hs Auris+ictio! o/er the ff*
i" Oppositio! to pplictio!s for registrtio! of
mr.s,
ii" C!celltio! of tr+emr.s,
iii" C!celltio! of pte!ts4 utility mo+els !+
i!+ustril +esig!s,
i/" Petitio! for compulsory lice!si!g of pte!ts,
/" A+mi!istrti/e Compli!ts for /ioltio!s of
lws i!/ol/i!g IPR where the totl +mges
clime+ is !ot less th! P7BB4BBB"BB
3) #ocu.entation, Infor.ation an/ ec0no)o,y
ran-fer *ureau
-hs Auris+ictio! to settle +isputes i!/ol/i!g tech!ology
tr!sfer pyme!ts
B. Appellate Jurisdiction
1) #irector &enera)
-o/er ll +ecisio!s re!+ere+ -y the ff*
Dir" of Legl Affirs
Dir" of Pte!ts
Dir" of Tr+emr.s
Dir" of the Docume!ttio!4 I!formtio! !+
Tech!ology Tr!sfer
2) Court of A11ea)-
-o/er +ecisio!s of the Director (e!erl i! the e6ercise
of his ppellte Auris+ictio! o/er the +ecisio!s of the*
Dir" of Legl Affirs
Dir" of Pte!ts
Dir" of Tr+emr.s
3) Secretary of ra/e an/ In/u-try
-o/er +ecisio!s of the Director (e!erl o! the
e6ercise of his ppellte Auris+ictio! of the Director of
Docume!ttio!4 I!formtio! !+ Tech!ology Tr!sfer,
AND
-o/er +ecisio!s of the Director (e!erl i! the e6ercise
of his origi!l Auris+ictio! relti!g to the terms of
lice!se i!/ol/i!g the uthor%s right"
A#%INISRAI!E PENA+IES I%P"SE# $"R !I"+AI"NS
"$ +A2S IN!"+!IN& IPR
-The Director for Legl Affirs my impose the ff*
& Issu!ce of cese !+ +esist or+er #CDO&,
-& Accept!ce of /olu!try ssur!ce compli!ce #'AC& or
/olu!try ssur!ce of +isco!ti!u!ce #'AD&,
c& Co!+em!tio! or sei5ure of pro+ucts su-Aect of the
offe!se,
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
+
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
+& 2orfeiture of properties use+ i! the commissio! of the
offe!se,
e& Impositio! of +mi!istrti/e fi!es,
f& C!celltio! of permit4 lice!se4 uthority or registrtio!,
g& ;ithhol+i!g of permit4 lice!se4 uthority or registrtio!,
h& Assessme!t of +mges,
i& Ce!sure,
A& A!logous pe!lties or s!ctio!s #0ec" 8B"7 C-D&
+A2 "N PAENS
PAEN ) ! e6clusi/e right c:uire+ o/er ! i!/e!tio!4 to sell4
use4 !+ m.e the sme whether for commerce or i!+ustry"
PAENA*+E IN!ENI"NS
-!y tech!icl solutio! of pro-lem i! !y fiel+ of
hum! cti/ity which is NEW4 i!/ol/es ! INVENTIVE STEP
!+ is INDUSTRIA! APPI"ABE shll -e pte!t-le" The
pte!t-le i!/e!tio! my -e4 or my relte to4 pro+uct4 or
process4 or ! impro/eme!t of !y of the foregoi!g" #0ec" 78&
Re3uire.ent-4
1) ec0nica) -o)ution of a 1ro5)e. in any fie)/ of 0u.an
activity
2) Nove)ty ) tht which +oes !ot form prt of prior rt
co!sists of*
& tht which hs -ee! m+e /il-le to the pu-lic
!ywhere i! the worl+ -efore the fili!g +te or the
priority +te of the pplictio!
-& tht which forms prt of ! pplictio! whether for
pte!t4 utility or i!+ustril +esig!4 effecti/e i! the
Philippi!es4 pro/i+e+ tht*
i" the i!/e!tors or pplic!ts re !ot the sme
ii" the co!te!ts of the pplictio! re pu-lishe+
i! ccor+!ce with the re:uireme!ts of
pte!t pplictio! rules"
iii" the fili!g +te of the prior rt is erlier"
3) Inventivene--6Inventive Ste1
-! i!/e!tio! i!/ol/es ! i!/e!ti/e step if4 h/i!g
regr+ to prior rt4 it is !ot o-/ious to perso! s.ille+ i! the rt
of the time of the fili!g +te or priority +te of the pplictio!
climi!g the i!/e!tio!" #0ec" 7@&
7) In/u-tria) A11)ica5i)ity
-! i!/e!tio! tht c! -e pro+uce+ !+ use+ i! !y
i!+ustry" #0ec" 7E&
N"N8PAENA*+E IN!ENI"NS
The followi!g shll -e e6clu+e+ from pte!t
protectio!*
& Disco/eries4 0cie!tific Theories !+ =themticl
=etho+s,
-& 0chemes4 rules !+ metho+s of performi!g me!tl cts4
plyi!g gmes or +oi!g -usi!ess4 !+ progrms for
computer,
c& =etho+s for tretme!t of the hum! or !iml -o+y -y
surgery or therpy !+ +ig!ostic metho+s prctice+ o!
the hum! or !iml -o+y,
+& Pl!t /rieties or !iml -ree+s of esse!tilly -iologicl
process for the pro+uctio! of pl!ts or !imls,
e& Aesthetic cretio!s,
f& A!ythi!g which is co!trry to pu-lic or+er or morlity
#0ec" 77&
RI&( " A PAEN
The right to pte!t -elo!gs*
& to the i!/e!tor4 his heirs4 or ssig!s
-& whe! 7 or more perso!s h/e m+e the i!/e!tio!
seprtely !+ i!+epe!+e!tly ) to them Aoi!tly
c& if two #7& or more perso!s h/e m+e the i!/e!tio!
seprtely !+ i!+epe!+e!tly of ech other ) to the perso!
who file+ ! pplictio! for such i!/e!tio! ($IRS " $I+E
R'+E)
+& where 7 or more pplictio!s re file+ for the sme
i!/e!tio! ) to the pplic!t who hs the erliest fili!g +te
or the erliest priority +te ($IRS " $I+E R'+E) #0ec"
7F&
e& i! cse of i!/e!tio!s crete+ pursu!t to commissio! ) to
the perso! who commissio!s the wor. UNLESS gree+
otherwise"
f& i! cse ! employee m+e the i!/e!tio! i! the course of
his employme!t4 the pte!t shll -elo!g to*
the employee ) if i!/e!tio! !ot prt of his regulr
+uties e/e! if he uses the time4 fcilities !+ mterils
of the employer, OR
the employer ) if the i!/e!tio! is the result of the
perform!ce of his regulrly ssig!e+ +uties u!less
gree+ otherwise"
RI&(S AC9'IRE# *: (E PAENEE
The pte!tee c:uires the followi!g rights u!+er his
pte!t
& ;here the su-Aect mtter of pte!t is product4 to
restri!4 prohi-it !+ pre/e!t !y u!uthori5e+ perso! or
e!tity from m.i!g4 usi!g4 offeri!g for sle4 selli!g or
importi!g tht pro+uct,
-& ;here the su-Aect mtter of pte!t is process4 to
restri!4 pre/e!t or prohi-it !y u!uthori5e+ perso! or
e!tity from usi!g the process4 !+ from m!ufcturi!g4
+eli!g i!4 usi!g or offeri!g for sle4 or importi!g !y
pro+uct o-ti!e+ +irectly or i!+irectly from such process,
c& to ssig!4 or tr!sfer -y successio! the pte!t4 !+ to
co!clu+e lice!si!g co!trcts for the sme #0ec" E8&
C"NENS "$ PAEN APP+ICAI"N
A pte!t pplictio! shll co!ti!*
8& re:uest for the gr!t of pte!t,
7& +escriptio! of the i!/e!tio!,
-the +isclosure of the i!/e!tio! must -e i! m!!er
sufficie!tly cler !+ complete for it to -e crrie+ out -y
s.ille+ i! the rt"
9& Drwi!gs !ecessry for the u!+erst!+i!g of the i!/e!tio!,
1& O!e or more clims
G& A! -strct #0ec" 97&
must co!ti! rele/!t i!formtio! s to the i+e!tity of
the perso! #!o !o!ymous perso!&
if the pplic!t is !ot the i!/e!tor, he must show proof
of uthority to see. pplictio! for registrtio!
'NI: "$ IN!ENI"N
-e/ery pplictio! for pte!t registrtio! must co!ti!
! pplictio! o/er simple i!/e!tio! or se/erl i!/e!tio!s -ut
must form prt of si!gle ge!erl i!/e!ti/e co!cept
PR"CE#'RE $"R (E &RAN "$ PAREN
& Accor+i!g fili!g +te to the pplictio! #0ec" 18&,
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
(
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
-& E6mi!tio! of compli!ce -y pplic!t with the forml
re:uireme!ts specifie+ i! 0ec" 974 i"e"4 co!te!ts of
pplictio! #0ec" 17&,
c& Clssifictio! of pplictio! !+ serch for prior rt #0ec"
19&
+& Pu-lictio! of pte!t pplictio! i! the IPO (5ette #0ec"
11&,
e& I!spectio! of the pplictio! +ocume!ts -y !y i!tereste+
prty !+ writte! o-ser/tio!s -y !y thir+ prty
co!cer!i!g the pte!t-ility of the i!/e!tio! #0ecs" 11"7
!+ 1E&,
f& ;ritte! re:uest -y the pplic!t4 withi! @ mo!ths from the
+te of pu-lictio! of his pte!t pplictio!4 for the
su-st!ti/e e6mi!tio! -y the IPO of his pplictio!" #0ec
1H&,
g& (r!t of the pte!t #0ec" GB&4 or refusl of the e6mi!er to
gr!t the pte!t #0ec" G8&, i! the ltter cse4 the refusl
my -e ppele+ to the Director of the $ureu of Pte!ts,
h& Pu-lictio! of the gr!t of pte!t i! the IPO (5ette #0ec"
G7&
ER% "$ A PAEN, 'I+I: %"#E+, IN#'SRIA+ #ESI&N
& Pte!t ) 7B yrs from the fili!g +te of pplictio!4 without
re!ewl
-& Utility mo+el ) E yrs4 wIout re!ewl
c& I!+ustril +esig! ) G yrs4 re!ew-le twice
'I+I: %"#E+S
-mo+els of impleme!t or tools of !y i!+ustril pro+uct
e/e! if !ot possesse+ of the :ulity of i!/e!tio! -ut which is of
<prcticl utility>
IN#'SRIA+ #ESI&N
-!y compositio! of li!es or colors or !y three-
+ime!sio!l form4 whether or !ot ssocite+ with li!es or colors
pro/i+e+ tht such compositio! or form gi/es specil
pper!ce to !+ c! ser/e s ptter! for ! i!+ustril pro+uct
or h!+icrft"
CANCE++AI"N "$ PAENS
20o .ay fi)e;
!y perso!
IPO motu proprio
&roun/-4
& Tht the pte!t is i!/li+ #0ec" H8&,
-& Tht wht is clime+ s the i!/e!tio! is !ot !ew or
pte!t-le,
c& Tht the pte!t +oes !ot +isclose the i!/e!tio! i! m!!er
sufficie!tly cler !+ complete for it to -e crrie+ out -y !y
perso! s.ille+ i! the rt, or
+& Tht the pte!t is co!trry to pu-lic or+er or morlity" #0ec"
@8&
e& filure to m.e pyme!ts of !!ul fees or +ues
20ere to fi)e;
$LA ) if i! /ioltio! of IPC #+mi!istrti/e&
RTC ) otherwise
IN$RIN&E%EN
-the m.i!g4 usi!g4 offeri!g for sle4 selli!g or
importi!g pte!te+ pro+uct or pro+uct o-ti!e+ +irectly or
i!+irectly from pte!te+ process or the use of pte!te+
process without the uthori5tio! of the pte!tee" #0ec" E@&
ES "$ PAEN IN$RIN&E%EN
1) +itera) Infrin,e.ent ) resort is h+ to the <wor+s> of the
clim"
2) #octrine of E3uiva)ent- ) if two +e/ices +o the sme
wor. i! su-st!tilly the sme wy4 the sme result4 !+
pro+uce su-st!tilly the sme result4 they re the sme
e/e! though they +iffer i! !me4 form4 or shpe"
RE%E#IES IN CASE "$ IN$RIN&E%EN
A& 2ile civil cse for the followi!g purposes*
8& To reco/er from the i!fri!ger such +mges s the
court my wr+ co!si+eri!g the circumst!ces of the
cse pro/i+e+ it shll !ot e6cee+ 9 times the mou!t
of the ctul +mges susti!e+ plus ttor!ey%s fees
!+ other e6pe!ses of litigtio!,
7& To secure ! i!Au!ctio! for the protectio! of his rights,
9& To recei/e reso!-le roylty4 if the +mges re
i!+e:ute or c!!ot -e re+ily scerti!e+ with
reso!-le certi!ty,
1& To h/e the i!fri!gi!g goo+s4 mterils !+
impleme!ts pre+omi!!tly use+ i! the i!fri!geme!t
+ispose+ of outsi+e the ch!!els of commerce4 or
+estroye+ without compe!stio!,
G& To hol+ the co!tri-utory i!fri!ger Aoi!tly !+ se/erlly
li-le with the i!fri!ger"
$& 2ile crimi!l cse withi! 9 yers from +te of commissio!
of the crime for repetitio! of i!fri!geme!t #0ec" H1&
+A2 "N RA#E%AR<S
RA#E%AR< ) !ythi!g which is +opte+ !+ use+ to i+e!tify
the source of origi! of goo+s4 !+ which is cp-le of
+isti!guishi!g them from goo+s em!ti!g from competitor
SER!ICE %AR< ) +isti!guishes the ser/ices of ! e!terprise
from the ser/ice of other e!terprises" It performs for ser/ices
wht tr+emr. +oes for goo+s"
C"++ECI!E %AR< - !y /isi-le sig! +esig!te+ s such i!
the pplictio! for registrtio! !+ cp-le of +isti!guishi!g the
origi! or !y other commo! chrcteristic4 i!clu+i!g the :ulity
of goo+s !+ ser/ices of +iffere!t e!terprises which use the sig!
u!+er the co!trol of the registere+ ow!er of the collecti/e mr.
#0ec" 878"7&
RA#E NA%ES ) the perso! #whether !turl or Auri+icl& who
+oes -usi!ess !+ pro+uces the goo+s or the ser/ices is
+esig!te+ -y tra/e na.e"
-U!+er the lw4 there is !o !ee+ to register tr+e
!mes i! or+er to secure protectio! for them"
RA#E #RESS ) i!/ol/es the totl imge of pro+uct4
i!clu+i!g such fetures s si5e4 shpe4 color or color
com-i!tio!s4 te6ture4 !+Ior grphics"
("2 %AR<S ARE AC9'IRE#
-U!+er RA H7F94 the rights i! mr. shll -e c:uire+
through registrtio! m+e /li+ly i! ccor+!ce with its
pro/isio!s" #0ec" 877&
-This propositio! of lw4 howe/er4 my !ot -e
co!/erte+ for it is !ot true tht where there is !o registrtio!4
there is !o protectio!"
Ac3ui-ition t0rou,0 u-e
-;hether or !ot registere+ tr+emr. is employe+4
whe! perso! hs i+e!tifie+ i! the mi!+ of the pu-lic
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
*
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
the goo+s he m!ufctures or +els i! his -usi!ess or
ser/ices from those of others4 such perso! hs
property right i! the goo+will of si+ goo+s or ser/ices
which will -e protecte+ i! the sme m!!er s other
property rights #0ec" 8@H"8&
RI&(S C"N$ERRE#
-the ow!er of registere+ mr. shll h/e the
e6clusi/e right to pre/e!t ll thir+ prties !ot h/i!g the ow!er%s
co!se!t from usi!g i! the course of tr+e i+e!ticl or similr
sig!s or co!ti!ers for goo+s or ser/ices which re i+e!ticl or
similr to those i! respect of which the tr+emr. is registere+
where such use woul+ result i! li.elihoo+ of co!fusio!" #0ec"
81E&
#'RAI"N
-the certificte of registrtio! of tr+emr. shll -e
te! #8B& yers from the fili!g +te of pplictio! pro/i+e+ the
registr!t shll file +eclrtio! of ctul use withi! yer from
the G
th
!!i/ersry of registrtio! +te #0ec" 81G&
-re!ew-le for !other 8B yrs" #0ec" 81@&
N"N8RE&ISRA*+E RA#E%AR<S, RA#E NA%ES AN#
SER!ICE %AR<
A mr. c!!ot -e registere+ if it*
& Co!sists of immorl4 +ecepti/e or sc!+lous
mtter4 or mtter which my +isprge or flsely suggest
co!!ectio! with perso!s4 li/i!g or +e+4 i!stitutio!s4 -eliefs4 or
!tio!l sym-ols4 or -ri!g them i!to co!tempt or +isrepute,
-& Co!sists of the flg or cot of rms or other
i!sig!i of the Philippi!es or !y of its politicl su-+i/isio!s4 or
of !y foreig! !tio!4 or !y simultio! thereof,
c& Co!sists of !me4 portrit or sig!ture
i+e!tifyi!g prticulr li/i!g i!+i/i+ul e6cept -y his writte!
co!se!t4 or the !me4 sig!ture4 or portrit of +ecese+
Presi+e!t of the Philippi!es4 +uri!g the life of his wi+ow4 if !y4
e6cept -y writte! co!se!t of the wi!+ow,
+& Is i+e!ticl with registere+ mr. -elo!gi!g to
+iffere!t proprietor or mr. with ! erlier fili!g or priority +te4
i! respect of*
#i& The sme go+s or ser/ices4 or
#ii& Closely relte+ goo+s or ser/ices4 or
#iii& If it !erly resem-les such mr. s to -e
li.ely to +ecei/e or cuse co!fusio!,
e& Is i+e!ticl with4 or co!fusi!gly similr to4 or
co!stitutes tr!sltio! of mr. which is co!si+ere+ -y the
compete!t uthority of the Philippi!es to -e well-.!ow!
i!ter!tio!lly !+ i! the Philippi!es4 whether or !ot it is
registere+ here4 s -ei!g lre+y the mr. of perso! other
th! the pplic!t for registrtio!4 !+ use+ for i+e!ticl or
similr goo+s or ser/ices* pro/i+e+4 tht i! +etermi!i!g whether
mr. is well-.!ow!4 ccou!t shll -e t.e! of the .!owle+ge
of the rele/!t sector of the pu-lic4 rther th! of the pu-lic t
lrge4 i!clu+i!g .!owle+ge i! the Philippi!es which hs -ee!
o-ti!e+ s result of the promotio! of the mr.,
f& Is i+e!ticl with4 or co!fusi!gly similr to4 or
co!stitutes tr!sltio! of mr. co!si+ere+ well-.!ow! i!
ccor+!ce with the prece+i!g prgrph4 which is registere+ i!
the Philippi!es with respect to goo+s or ser/ices which re !ot
similr to those with respect to which registrtio! is pplie+ for*
pro/i+e+4 tht use of the mr. i! reltio! to those goo+s or
ser/ices woul+ i!+icte co!!ectio! -etwee! those goo+s or
ser/ices4 !+ the ow!er of the registere+ tr+emr.* Pro/i+e+
further tht the i!terests of the ow!er of the registere+ mr. re
li.ely to -e +mge+ -y such use,
g& Is li.ely to misle+ the pu-lic4 prticulrly s to
the !ture4 :ulity4 chrcteristics or geogrphicl origi! of the
goo+s or ser/ices,
h& Co!sists e6clusi/ely of sig!s tht re ge!eric for
the goo+s or ser/ices tht they see. to i+e!tify,
i& Co!sists e6clusi/ely of sig!s or of i!+ictio!s
tht h/e -ecome customry or usul to +esig!te the goo+s or
ser/ices i! e/ery+y l!guge or i! -o!fi+e !+ est-lishe+
tr+e prctice,
A& Co!sists e6clusi/ely of sig!s or i!+ictio!s tht
my ser/e i! tr+e to +esig!te the .i!+4 :ulity4 :u!tity4
i!te!+e+ purpose4 /lue4 geogrphicl origi!4 time or pro+uctio!
of the goo+s or re!+eri!g of the ser/ices4 or other
chrcteristics of the goo+s or ser/ices,
.& Co!sists of shpes tht my -e !ecessitte+ -y
tech!icl fctors or -y the !ture of the goo+s themsel/es or
fctors tht ffect their i!tri!sic /lue,
l& Co!sists of color lo!e4 u!less +efi!e+ -y
gi/e! form, or
m& Is co!trry to pu-lic or+er or morlity #0ec" 879&
$I+IN& #AE "$ AN APP+ICAI"N
-The fili!g +te of ! pplictio! shll -e the +te o!
which the office recei/e+ the followi!g i!+ictio!s !+ eleme!ts
i! E!glish or 2ilipi!o*
& A! e6press or implicit i!+ictio! tht the registrtio! of
mr. is sought,
-& I!+ictio!s sufficie!t to co!tct the pplic!t or his
represe!tti/e4 if !y,
c& I!+ictio!s sufficie!t to co!tct the pplic!t or his
represe!tti/e4 if !y,
+& A repro+uctio! of the mr. where registrtio! is sought,
!+
e& The list of the goo+s or ser/ices for which the registrtio!
is sought" #0ec" 87E"8&
NO fili!g +te shll -e ccor+e+ u!til the re:uire+ fee
is pi+ #0ec" 87E"7&
PR"CE#'RE $"R RE&ISRAI"N
& E6mi!tio! to +etermi!e whether the pplictio!
stisfies the re:uireme!ts for the gr!t of fili!g +te"
-& E6mi!tio! to +etermi!e whether the pplictio! meets
the re:uireme!ts of 0ec" 871 !+ the mr. is registr-le
u!+er 0ec" 879"
c& De!il of the pplictio! or me!+me!t thereof or
pu-lictio! of the pplictio!,
+& Oppositio! to the pplictio!, !otice, heri!g, +ecisio! -y
e6mi!er, ppel to the Director of $ureu of
Tr+emr.s, ppel to the IPO Director (e!erl, ppel
to the CA,
e& Issu!ce of Certificte of registrtio!
f& Pu-lictio! i! the IPO (5ette of the fct of registrtio!
CANCE++AI"N "$ RA#E%AR< "R RA#ENA%E
20o .ay fi)e;
!y perso! who -elie/es tht he is !+ will -e
+mge+ -y the registrtio! of mr.
20ere to fi)e;
$LA
&roun/-4
& =r. -ecomes ge!eric for goo+s for which it is registere+,
-& A-!+o!me!t of the mr.,
c& Registrtio! o-ti!e+ fru+ule!tly or co!trry to pro/isio!s
of RA H7F9,
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
,
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
+& =r. use+ -y4 or with permissio!4 or4 registr!t,
e& 2ilure to use the mr. withi! the Philippi!es for 9
u!i!terrupte+ yers or lo!ger"
E$$ECS "$ N"N8'SE
my -e e6cuse+ if cuse+ -y circumst!ces risi!g
i!+epe!+e!tly of the will of the tr+emr. ow!er4 such s
militry coup4 or politicl ch!ges tht impe+e commerce
Registrtio! is ! +mi!istrti/e ct +eclrtory of pre-
e6isti!g right tht +oes !ot4 of itself4 perfect tr+emr.4 for
wht +oes is ctul use
No!-use is grou!+ for remo/i!g mr. from the register
#"CRINE "$ SEC"N#AR: %EANIN&
-;hile ge!eric4 i!+icti/e or +escripti/e mr. will4 s
ge!erl rule4 -e +e!ie+ registrtio!4 there is circumst!ce
tht will llow it to -e registere+" U!+er the doctri!e o"
seco!dr# me!i!$% whe! mr. hs -ecome +isti!cti/e of the
pplic!t%s go+s i! commerce !+4 i! the mi!+ of the pu-lic4
i!+ictes si!gle source of co!sumers4 it my -e registere+"
2(A C"NSI'ES AN IN$RIN&E%EN
-U!+er RA H7F94 !y perso! shll4 without the
co!se!t of the ow!er of the registere+ mr.*
8& Use i! commerce !y repro+uctio!4 cou!terfeit4
copy4 or color-le imittio! of registere+ mr.
or the sme co!ti!er or +omi!!t feture
thereof i! co!!ectio! with the sle4 offeri!g for
sle4 +istri-utio!4 +/ertisi!g !y goo+s or
ser/ices i!clu+i!g other preprtory steps
!ecessry to crry out the sle of !y goo+s or
ser/ices o! or i! co!!ectio! with which such use
is li.ely to cuse co!fusio!4 or to cuse mist.e4
or to +ecei/e, or
7& Repro+uce4 cou!terfeit4 copy or color-ly imitte
registere+ mr. or +omi!!t feture thereof
!+ pply such repro+uctio!4 cou!terfeit4 copy4 or
color-le imittio! to l-els4 sig!s4 pri!ts4
pc.ges4 wrppers4 receptcles4 or
+/ertiseme!ts i!te!+e+ to -e use+ i! commerce
upo! or i! co!!ectio! with the sle4 offeri!g for
sle4 +istri-utio!4 or +/ertisi!g of goo+s or
ser/ices o!4 or i! co!!ectio! with which such use
is li.ely to cuse co!fusio!4 or to cuse mist.e4
or to +ecei/e4 shll -e li-le for i!fri!geme!t"
#0ec" 8GG&
ES "$ RA#E%AR< IN$RIN&E%EN
1) #o.inancy e-t = co!sists i! see.i!g out the mi!4
esse!til or +omi!!t fetures of mr."
2) (o)i-tic e-t ) t.es stoc. of the other fetures of mr.4
t.i!g i!to co!si+ertio! the e!tirety of the mr.s"
#I$$ERENIAE# $R"% 'N$AIR C"%PEII"N
1) Cuse o" ctio!& i! i!fri!geme!t4 the cuse of ctio! is the
u!uthori5e+ use of registere+ tr+emr., i! u!fir
competitio!4 it is the pssi!g off of o!e%s goo+s s those of
!other merch!t"
2) Frudule!t i!te!t is !ot !ecessry i! i!fri!geme!t4 -ut
!ecessry i! UC"
3) Re$istrtio! o" trdemr's& i! i!fri!geme!t4 it is pre-
re:uisite, i! UC4 it is !ot re:uire+"
4) Clss o" $oods i!volved& i! i!fri!geme!t4 the goo+s must
-e of similr clss, i! UC4 the goo+s !ee+ !ot -e of the
sme clss"
i!fri!geme!t is form of u!fir competitio!
RE%E#IES A!AI+A*+E IN CASE "$ IN$RIN&E%EN "$ A
RE&ISERE# %AR<
& 0ue for +mges #0ec" 8G@"8&,
-& 3/e the i!fri!gi!g goo+s impou!+e+ #0ec" 8G@"7&,
c& As. for +ou-le +mges #0ec" 8G@"9&
+& As. for i!Au!ctio! #8G@"1&
e& 3/e the i!fri!gi!g goo+s +ispose+ of outsi+e the ch!!els
of commerce #0ec" 8GE"8&
f& 3/e the i!fri!gi!g goo+s +estroye+ #0ec" 8GE"8&
g& 2ile crimi!l ctio! #0ec" 8EB&,
h& A+mi!istrti/e 0!ctio!s
'N$AIR C"%PEII"N
-!y perso! who shll employ +eceptio! or !y other
me!s co!trry to goo+ fith -y which he shll pss off the
goo+s m!ufcture+ -y him or i! which he +els4 or his
-usi!ess4 or ser/ices for those of the o!e h/i!g est-lishe+
such goo+will4 or who shll commit !y cts clculte+ to
pro+uce si+ result4 shll -e guilty of u!fir competitio!"
(o> Co..itte/
& =.i!g o!e%s goo+s pper s the goo+s of !other,
-& Use of rtifice or +e/ice to i!+uce the flse -elief tht o!e%s
goo+s re those of !other,
c& 2lse stteme!ts i! the course of tr+e, or
+& A!y ct co!trry to goo+ fith clculte+ to +iscre+it
!other%s goo+s
ES "$ 'N$AIR C"%PEII"N
-The test is whether certi! goo+s h/e -ee! clothe+
with ! pper!ce li.ely to +ecei/e the or+i!ry purchser
e6ercisi!g or+i!ry cre"
RE%E#IES A&AINS 'N$AIR C"%PEII"N
& Dmges which my either -e*
reso!-le profit which woul+ h/e reli5e+4 or
ctul profits collecte+ -y the +efe!+!t4 or
certi! perce!tge o/er the gross sles of
+efe!+!t i! cse of the mesure of +mges c!!ot
-e re+ily scerti!e+,
-& Dmges my -e +ou-le+ i! cses where ctul i!te!t to
misle+ the pu-lic or to +efru+ the compli!t is show!,
c& Impou!+i!g of sles i!/oices !+ other +ocume!ts
e/i+e!ci!g sles,
+& I!Au!ctio!
e& Destructio! of goo+s fou!+ to -e i!fri!gi!g4 !+ ll
prpher!li"

+A2 "N C"P:RI&(
C"P:RI&( ) system of legl protectio! ! uthor e!Aoys i!
the form of e6pressio! of i+es
*ASIC PRINCIP+ES
;or.s re protecte+ -y the sole fct of their cretio!4
irrespecti/e of their mo+e or form of e6pressio!4 s well s
their co!te!t4 :ulity or purpose #0ec" 8E7"7&
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
-
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
Protectio! e6te!+s o!ly to the e6pressio! of the i+e4 !ot to
the i+e itself or to !y proce+ure4 system4 metho+ or
opertio!4 co!cept or pri!ciple4 +isco/ery or mere +t"
CREAI"N "$ A 2"R<
A copyright wor. is crete+ whe! the two#7&
re:uireme!ts re met*
1) "ri,ina)ity ) +oes !ot me! !o/elty or i!ge!uity4 !either
u!i:ue!ess !or creti/ity" It simply me!s tht the wor.
(o)es its ori$i! to t*e ut*or+
2) E?1re--ion ) there must -e ("i,tio!+ To -e <fi6e+>4 wor.
must -e em-o+ie+ i! me+ium sufficie!tly*
perm!e!t, or
st-le
to permit it to -e percei/e+4 repro+uce+4 or otherwise
commu!icte+ for perio+ of more th! tr!sitory +urtio!"
-if it is !ot re:uire+ tht the me+ium -e /isi-le s lo!g
s there is possi-ility of retrie/l4 the! there is fi6tio!
-it is fi6tio! tht +efi!es the time from whe! copyright
su-sists" $efore fi6tio!4 there c! -e !o i!fri!geme!t"
2"R<S PR"ECE# *: C"P:RI&(
A. "ri,ina) 2or@ - Literry !+ rtistic wor.s re origi!l
i!tellectul cretio!s i! the literry !+ rtistic +omi!
protecte+ from the mome!t of their cretio!4 irrespecti/e of
their mo+e or form of e6pressio!4 s well s of their
co!te!t4 :ulity !+ purpose4 !+ shll i!clu+e i! prticulr*
& $oo.s4 pmphlets4 rticles !+ other writi!gs
-& Perio+icls !+ !ewsppers
c& Lectures4 sermo!s4 ++resses4 +isserttio!s prepre+
for orl +eli/ery4 whether or !ot re+uce+ i! writi!g or
other mteril form
+& Letters
e& Drmtic or +rmtico-musicl compositio!s,
choreogrphic wor.s or e!terti!me!t i! +um- shows
f& =usicl compositio!s4 with or without wor+s
g& ;or.s of +rwi!g4 pi!ti!g4 rchitecture4 sculpture4
e!gr/i!g4 lithogrphy or other wor.s of rt, mo+els or
+esig!s for wor.s of rt
h& Origi!l or!me!tl +esig!s or mo+els for rticles of
m!ufcture4 whether or !ot registr-le s !
i!+ustril +esig!4 !+ other wor.s of pplie+ rt"
i& Illustrtio!s4 mps4 pl!s4 s.etches4 chrts !+ three-
+ime!sio!l wor.s relti/e to geogrphy4 topogrphy4
rchitecture or scie!ce
A& Drwi!gs or plstic wor.s of scie!tific or tech!icl
chrcter
.& Photogrphic wor.s i!clu+i!g wor.s pro+uce+ -y
process !logous to photogrphy, l!ter! sli+es
l& Au+io/isul wor.s !+ ci!emtogrphic or !y
process for m.i!g u+io-/isul recor+i!gs
m& Pictoril illustrtio!s !+ +/ertiseme!ts
!& Computer progrms
o& Other literry4 scholrly4 scie!tific !+ rtistic wor.s
#0ec" 8E7&
*. #erivative 2or@- ) the followi!g +eri/ti/e wor.s shll
lso -e protecte+*
& Drmti5tio!s4 tr!sltio!s4 +pttio!s4 -ri+gme!ts4
rr!geme!ts4 !+ other ltertio!s of literry wor.s
-& Collectio!s of literry4 scholrly or rtistic wor.s4 !+
compiltio!s of +t !+ other mterils which re
origi!l -y reso! of the selectio! or coor+i!tio! or
rr!geme!t of their co!te!ts" #0ec" 8E9&
2"R<S N" PR"ECE#
-The followi!g wor.s re !ot protecte+*
8& A!y i+e4 proce+ure4 system4 metho+ or opertio!4
co!cept4 pri!ciple4 +isco/ery or mere +t s such4 e/e! if
e6presse+4 e6pli!e+4 illustrte+4 or em-o+ie+ i! wor.,
7& News of the +y !+ other fcts h/i!g the chrcter of
mere items of press i!formtio!,
9& A!y officil te6t of legislti/e4 +mi!istrti/e or legl
!ture4 s well s !y officil tr!sltio! thereof" #0ec"
8EG&
1& A!y wor. of the (o/er!me!t of the Philippi!es" #0ec" 8E@&
-howe/er4 prior ppro/l of the go/er!me!t ge!cy or
office wherei! the wor. is crete+ shll -e !ecessry for
e6ploittio! of such wor. for profit" 0uch ge!cy or office4 my4
mo!g other thi!gs4 impose s co!+itio! the pyme!t of
roylties
G& Ple+i!gs,
@& Decisio!s of courts !+ tri-u!ls"
-This perti!s to the (ori$i!l decisio!s+ !ot to the 0CRA
pu-lishe+ i! /olumes si!ce these re protecte+ u!+er
+eri/ti/e wor.s"
RI&(S "$ AN A'("R
#Author ) !turl perso! who hs crete+ the wor."&
A. Econo.ic Ri,0t- (Sec. 1AA)
8& Right to repro+uce,
7& Right to crete +eri/ti/e wor.s,
9& Right to first pu-lic +istri-utio! or first sle,
1& Right to re!t out the origi!l or cop of ! u+io/isul
or ci!emtogrphic wor.,
G& Right to pu-lic perform!ce,
@& Right to other commu!ictio! of the wor. to the pu-lic"
*. %ora) Ri,0t- (Sec. 193)
8& Right of ttri-utio! or pter!ity right,
7& Right of ltertio! or !o!-pu-lictio!,
9& Right to preser/tio! of i!tegrity
1& Right !ot to -e i+e!tifie+ with wor. of others or with
+istorte+ wor."
er. of .ora) ri,0t
-lifetime of the uthor !+ GB yers fter his +eth
2aiver of .ora) ri,0t
8& -y writte! i!strume!t #0ec" 8FG&
7& -y co!tri-utio! to collecti/e wor. u!less
e6pressly reser/e+ #0ec" 8F@&
PRINCIP+E "$ A'"%AIC PR"ECI"N
U!+er the $er!e Co!/e!tio!4 the e!Aoyme!t !+
e6ercise of copyright4 i!clu+i!g morl rights4 shll !ot -e the
su-Aect of !y formlity"
"2NERS(IP "$ C"P:RI&(
8" Si!$le cretor ) copyright -elo!gs to the uthor of the
wor.4 his heirs or ssig!s"
7" -oi!t cretio! ) copyright -elo!gs to the co-uthors Aoi!tly
s co-ow!ers" $ut if the wor. co!sists of i+e!tifi-le prts4
the uthor of ech prt ow!s the prt tht he hs crete+"
9" Emplo#ee.s cretio! ) copyright -elo!gs to the employee if
the cretio! is !ot prt of his regulr +uties e/e! if he uses
the time4 fcilities !+ mterils of the employer, otherwise
it -elo!gs to the employer
1" Commissio!ed )or' ) the wor. -elo!gs to the perso!
commissio!i!g -ut the copyright remi!s with the cretor
u!less there is writte! stipultio! to the co!trry"
G" Ci!emto$rp*ic )or's ) the pro+ucer hs copyright for
purposes of e6hi-itio!, for ll other purposes4 the pro+ucer4
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
.
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
the uthor of the sce!rio4 the composer4 the film +irector4
the uthor of the wor. re the cretors"
@" A!o!#mous !d pseudo!#mous )or's ) the pu-lishers
shll -e +eeme+ the represe!tti/e of the uthor u!less*
" the co!trry ppers
-" the pseu+o!yms or +opte+ !me le/es !o +ou-t s
to the uthor%s i+e!tity or
c" if the uthor +iscloses his i+e!tity #0ec" 8EF&"
E" Collective )or's ) the co!tri-utor is +eeme+ to h/e
wi/e+ his right u!less he e6pressly reser/es it" #0ec" 8F@&
Collecti/e wor. ) wor. crete+ -y two or more perso!s t
the i!ititi/e !+ u!+er the +irectio! of !other with the
u!+erst!+i!g tht it will -e +isclose+ -y the ltter u!+er
his ow! !me !+ tht the co!tri-utio!s of !turl perso!s
will !ot -e i+e!tifie+" #0ec" 8E8"7&
H" I! cse of tr!sfers4 the tr!sferee shll ow! o!e or more
or ll the eco!omic rights tr!sferre+ pro/i+e+*
" the ssig!me!t4 if i!ter /i/os4 -e i! writi!g #0ec"
8HB"7&
-" the ssig!me!t -e file+ with the Ntio!l Li-rry upo!
pyme!t of the prescri-e+ fee" #0ec" 8H7&
#'RAI"N "$ C"P:RI&(
Literr# rtistic )or's !d derivtive )or's o" SINGLE
CREATOR - lifetime of the cretor !+ for GB yers fter
his +eth
-oi!t cretio! ) lifetime of lst sur/i/i!g co-cretor !+ for
GB yers fter his +eth"
A!o!#mous or )or' u!der pseudo!#m !ot ide!ti"i/le
)it* t*e true !me o" t*e cretor ) GB yers fter the +te
of their first pu-lictio!"
E6cept where4 -efore the e6pirtio! of si+ perio+4 the
uthorJs i+e!tity is re/ele+ or is !o lo!ger i! +ou-t4
the rule for si!gle !+ Aoi!t cretio! shll pply
P*oto$rp*ic )or's ) GB yers from the pu-lictio! of the
wor.4 or from m.i!g the sme term is gi/e! to u+io/isul
wor.s pro+uce+ -y photogrphy or !logous processes"
Wor' o" Applied Art ) 7G yers from the +te of m.i!g
Ne)spper Article ) lifetime of the uthor !+ GB yers
fter his +eth
A pure !ews report will !o lo!ger fi!+ protectio! u!+er
he !ew lw4 $UT colum! or pu-lishe+ comme!t will
The wor. of performers !ot i!corporte+ i! RECORDIN(4
PRODUCT0 O2 0OUND I=A(E RECORDIN(04 !+
$ROADCA0T04 re protecte+ for perio+s of GB yers4 GB
yers4 !+ 7B yers4 respecti/ely4 cou!te+ from the e!+ of
the yer of perform!ce4 recor+i!g4 or -ro+csts4
respecti/ely"
T*e term o" protectio! s*ll /e cou!ted "rom t*e "irst
d# o" -!ur# o" t*e #er "ollo)i!$ t*e det* or o" lst
pu/lictio! 0Sec1 2345
+I%IAI"NS " (E RI&(S "N C"P:RI&(
1) Private 1erfor.ance, 1rivate an/ 1er-ona) u-e )
pplic-le o!ly <whe! wor. hs -ee! lwfully m+e
ccessi-le to the pu-lic">
Per-ona) '-e
-m.i!g si!gle repro+uctio!4 +pttio!4
rr!geme!t or other tr!sformtio! of !other%s wor.
e6clusi/ely for o!e%s ow! i!+i/i+ul use i! such cses s
perso!l reserch4 ler!i!g or museme!t
Private '-e
-m.i!g repro+uctio!4 +pttio! or other
tr!sformtio! of it4 i! si!gle perso! s i! the cse of
<perso!l use> -ut lso for commo! purpose -y specific
circle of perso!s o!ly"
2) $air '-e of a Co1yri,0te/ 2or@
$air '-e - A pri/ilege i! perso!s other th! the ow!er
of the copyright to use the copyrighte+ mteril i!
reso!-le m!!er without its co!se!t4 !otwithst!+i!g the
mo!opoly gr!te+ to the ow!er -y the copyright"
-the +octri!e of fir use is me!t to -l!ce the
mo!opolies e!Aoye+ -y the copyright ow!er with i!terests
of the pu-lic !+ of society"
CRIERIA " #EER%INE 2(E(ER 'SE IS $AIR "R N"4
& Purpose !+ the chrcter of the use
-& Nture of the copyrighte+ wor.
c& Amou!t !+ su-st!tilly of the portio!s use+
+& Effect of the use upo! the pote!til mr.et of the
copyrighte+ wor. #0ec" 8HG&
(E B$AIR8'SESC "$ PR"ECE# %AERIA+ ARE4
& Critici5i!g4 comme!ti!g4 !+ !ews reporti!g,
-& Usi!g for i!structio!l purposes i!clu+i!g pro+uci!g
multiple copies of clssroom use4 for scholrship4 reserch
!+ similr purposes #0ec" 8HG&
3) 2"R<IN& "$ ARC(IEC'RE (Sec. 18D)
-i!clu+e the right to co!trol the erectio! of !y -uil+i!g
which repro+uces the whole or su-st!til prt of the wor.
either i! its origi!l or i! !y form recog!i5-ly +eri/e+ from the
origi!l, Pro/i+e+4 tht the copyright i! !y such wor. shll !ot
i!clu+e the right to co!trol the reco!structio!4 or reh-ilittio! i!
the sme style s the origi!l of -uil+i!g to which tht
copyright reltes
7) REPR"#'CI"N "$ P'*+IS(E# 2"R<
-e6clusi/ely for reserch !+ pri/te stu+y"
E) REPR"&RAP(IC REPR"#'CI"N *: +I*RARIES
-!y li-rry or rchi/e whose cti/ities re !ot for profit
my4 without the uthori5tio! of the uthor of copyright
ow!er4 m.e si!gle copy of the wor. -y reprogrphic
repro+uctio!"
D) REPR"#'CI"N "$ C"%P'ER PR"&RA%S
-llowe+ o! the ff" co!+itio!s*
& o!ly o!e copy is m+e,
-& lwful ow!er m+e the copy,
c& purpose of which the repro+uctio! is m+e is legl
li.e*
use to which the progrm is m+e !+ for which
it ws purchse+ +em!+ the repro+uctio! of
copy, or
the repro+uctio! of copy is !ecessry to
gur!tee gi!st loss or +estructio! #0ec"
8HF"8&
A) I%P"RAI"N $"R PERS"NA+ P'RP"SES
-The importtio! of copy of wor. -y ! i!+i/i+ul for his
perso!l purposes shll -e permitte+ without the
uthori5tio! of the uthor of4 or other ow!er of copyright
i!4 the wor. u!+er the followi!g circumst!ces*
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
/
COMMERCIAL LAW REVIEWER
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY BAR OPERATIONS
& Copies of the wor. re !ot vil/le i! the Philippi!es
!+*
i" !ot more th! o!e copy t o!e time is
importe+ for strict i!+i/i+ul use,
ii" importtio! is -y uthority !+ for the use of
Philippi!e (o/er!me!t, or
iii" Religious4 chrit-le4 or e+uctio!l society
importe+ !ot more th! 9 copies per title
pro/i+e+ they re !ot for sle"
-& Copies form prt of li-rries !+ perso!l -ggge
-elo!gi!g to perso!s or fmilies rri/i!g from foreig!
cou!tries !+ re !ot i!te!+e+ for sle* Pro/i+e+4 tht
such copies +o !ot e6cee+ three #9&" #0ec" 8FB&
RE%E#IES IN CASE "$ IN$RIN&E%EN4
8& I!6u!ctio! to pre/e!t i!fri!geme!t
7& 7m$es ssesse+ o! the -sis of the proof llege+ -y the
pli!tiff of sles m+e -y the +efe!+!t of the i!fri!gi!g
wor. mi!us whte/er costs the +efe!+!t my -e -le to
pro/e !+ pprecite+ -y the court"
9& 7eliver# u!der ot* of ll impleme!ts employe+ i! the
pro+uctio! of the i!fri!gi!g pro+ucts themsel/es !+ the
i!fri!gi!g items4 for impou!+i!g or +estructio! s the court
my or+er"
1& P#me!t o" morl !d e,emplr# dm$es i! the +iscretio!
of court"
G& Crimi!l Actio!
#I$$ERENCE *E2EEN C"P:RI&(, PAEN AN#
RA#E%AR<
8& Su/6ect 8tter o" t*e Ri$*t&
Copyright ) literry4 scie!tific or rtistic wor.,
Pte!t ) !ew4 useful4 !+ i!+ustrilly pplic-le i!/e!tio!s,
Tr+emr. ) goo+s m!ufcture+ or pro+uce+
7& W*ere Ri$*t Re$istered&
Copyright ) Ntio!l Li-rry
Pte!t !+ Tr+emr. ) IPO
9& 7urtio! o" Ri$*t&
Pte!t ) 7B yers from fili!g or priority +te
Tr+emr. ) 8B yers
Copyright ) (e!erlly up to GB yers fter the +eth of the
uthor"
Prepared by the COMMERCIAL LAW SECTION Chief MARLON CORPUZ Assistant Chief MA. LOURDES COMTIAG Members MARLON
BACUNO, VOLTAIRE GARCIA, JEANNYLENE ISIP, BEVERLY MANZANO, KATHRYN BOLINAS, LOTTA OBADO, GRESIL SANTOS, and
VENUS DUGAYON. All Ri!"# R$#$%&$d by the SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE O' LAW BAR OPERATIONS ())*.
0