JOHNSON FOUNDATION SCHOOL

Class 9 Physics Assignment in Sound ! "# ! $""9

1) Sound is a longitudinal wave that is created by a vibrating object, such as a guitar string, the human vocal
cords, or the diaphragm of a loudspeaker.
2) Sound is a form of energy which excites in our ears the sensation of hearing.
) Sound cannot exist in a vacuum.
!) Sound is produced by a vibrating body. "ut not all vibrating bodies produce sound which we can hear.
#hese whistles are called $alton whistle.
%) &aves which re'uire medium for their propagation are called mechanical waves. #hese waves transmit
energy and momentum, not the matter.
() #he waves are of two types, mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.
)) #he mechanical waves transport energy from one place to another in a medium.
*) +aterial medium is re'uired for the transport of energy for the mechanical waves. #he medium should be
elastic and should possess inertia.
,) -n mechanical waves, the energy and momentum are transported by means of a disturbance in the medium.
#his disturbance will be propagated because the medium has elastic properties.
1.) -n electromagnetic waves, the energy and momentum are carried by electric and magnetic fields.
11) -n sound waves, a disturbance in the pressure and density of air is set up by the vibration of body and the
disturbance is propagated through the air by the collision of air molecules.
12) #he water particles on the surface of water waves move in nearly circular paths having both longitudinal
and transverse components.
1) #he sounds of fre'uency less than 2./0 are called infrasonics. #he sound of fre'uency greater than
2..../0 are called ultrasonics.
1!) 1ltrasonic waves can be produced by magnetostriction oscillator and pie0o electric oscillator.
1%) #here are two types of wave namely transverse and longitudinal.
1() -f particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave, then the wave
is said to be transverse.
1)) 2 crest and a trough make up a complete transverse wave.
1*) -f the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave, then the wave is
said to be longitudinal.
1,) 2 compression and a rarefaction make up a complete longitudinal wave.
2.) the distance traveled by the wave in the time the particle of the medium completes one oscillation is known
as wavelength 3 )
21) #he distance traveled by the wave in one second is known as wave velocity or phase velocity.
22) 4hase is that which gives the state of the vibrating particle as regards its position and direction of the
motion. 5re'uency is an objective property of a sound wave, because fre'uency can be measured with an
electronic fre'uency counters.
2) #he speed of sound is a medium depends upon i) 6lasticity of the medium and
ii) 7ensity of the medium 8 9
E
p

2!) #he e'uation for the velocity of sound in air is v 9
rp
d
2%) Sound travels more than ! times faster in water and more than ) times faster in steel than it does in air.
2() -n air sound travels 2 ms
:1
at 2.
.
;.
2)) 8elocity of sound in air is independent of pressure of air.
2*) 8elocity of sound varies inversely as the s'uare root of density.
2,) 5or every degree ;elcius change in temperature the velocity of sound changes by ..(1 ms
:1
.
.) 8elocity of light is very large as compared to velocity of sound.
Nume%icals
1) #he fre'uency of a tuning fork is %.. /0. ;alculate the time period.
2) 2n electric tuning fork completes one oscillation in .....12% s. ;alculate the fre'uency of tuning fork. &ill
the sound emitted by tuning fork be audiable<
) #he wavelength of red light is (%..
.
. -f velocity of light is x 1.
.
ms
:1
, find 3i) fre'uency 3ii) time period.
!) ;alculate 3i) wave length 3ii) timeperiod of a tuning fork of fre'uency !*. /0. &hich is set to vibrate. #ake
velocity of sound in air 2 ms
:1
.
%) #he wave length and fre'uency of a sound wave in a certain medium is 22 cm and 1%.. /0 respectively.
=eeping the medium same, if wave length is changed to cm, find 3i) velocity of sound 3ii) new fre'uency.
() 2n electric vibrator produces ripples in a ripple tank, such that distance between one crest and one trough is
! cm. -f the vibrations are produced at a rate of !*..>min. ;alculate 3i) time period 3ii) wave length.
)) i ) #he diagram alongside shows a displacement distance graph
of a wave. -f the velocity of wave is 1(. ms
:1
,
calculate 3i) wave length ii) fre'uency iii) amplitude
ii) 5rom the diagram alongside calculate
3i) velocity of 4 and ? 3ii) fre'uency of 4.
&hen fre'uency of ? is %12 /0.
2ssume both wave are traveling in same medium.