DATA ANALYSIS

In this chapter, the researcher tells about the techniques and procedure applied on the data
collected from the respondents of the current studies. For the purpose to explain and calculate the
variables, SPSS 16 software is used, which is much popular among the analysis of statistical
research and data techniques. In this chapter, the researcher applied descriptive technique,
correlation among variables and finally regression analysis in order to check the relationship
among the variables of the study and their interpretations.
Data Analysis:
As the current study tries to explore the impact of two dimensions of transformational
leadership- individualized consideration and inspirational motivation, on the engagement of
employees and followers, so the suitable analysis for current studies is Correlation of
independent variables with the dependent variable and to check the combined impact of these
independent variables on employee, a multiple regression line analysis is applied, along with the
descriptive qualitative analysis of the respondents.
Demographic information:
Table 4.1 explains the demographics profile of the respondents, including their experience in the
current bank, their gender, their job nature, type of bank (public or private) and age of
respondents.




Table 1
Demographics Frequency Percentage
Type of banks
Public 202 91.8
Private 18 8.2
Gender
Female 84 38.2
Male 136 61.8
Working in current bank
1 year 80 36.4
2 years 51 23.2
3 years 32 14.5
4 years 39 17.7
5 years 14 6.4
More than 5 years 4 1.8
J ob nature
Non-managerial 173 78.6
Managerial 47 21.4
Age of respondents
21-30 years 49 23
31-40 years 119 57
41-50 years 41 19.5
51-60 years 1 0.5


Figure 4.1



Figure 2

Figure 3





Figure 4

The results of these qualitative analysis show that the most of respondents are from private
banks, which is 202 (91.2%), because the service quality and motivation and engagement is
considered better in private organizations as compare to the public ones, which amounting 18
(8.2%). The reason is also that the public or government banks are very few in numbers.
The gender of most of the respondents is male, which is approaching to a number of 136 (61.8%)
that entails the male dominance in the banking sector of Pakistan, but the females are still in
good number working in banks that is 84 (38.2%).
The respondents who filled up the questionnaire are asked about their tenor they are working in
the current bank, the result entails that most of the employees working in bank ranges from 1 to 4
years. The most number of employees are working in the current organization is more than 1
year 80 (36.4%) and the employees working ranging from 2 to 4 years is approaching to 56%
respondents of the current studies.
The data collected from most of Non-managerial employee which is 173 (78.6%). It is because
the current study tries to examine the followers engagement in their work who are being led by
their leaders, and the managerial employees are 47 (21.4%) who are also monitored and led by
some high level managers.
The age of most of the respondents falls in between the range of 21 to 50 years. The most of the
employees currently working in banking sector is from 31 to 40 years which is 119 (57%)
respondents of the current studies.
It can be summarized that the respondents of the current studies are mostly male dominated,
from private banks, non-managerial employees and their age ranging from 31 to 50 years.
Descriptive Statistics:
In the following table 2, the descriptive of current studies has been explained.
Table 2:


N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
Individualized consideration
Inspirational Motivation
Employee engagement
220
220
220
10
12
67

15
15
84

13.16
13.13
74.26

1.77
1.26
5.92


The table shows the descriptive statistics about the variables of current studies. The total number
of respondents is 220. The individualized considerations minimum value approaches to 10 and
the maximum is 15 which is also same in case of inspirational motivation but differs in terms of
lower one which is 12 but still greater then individualized consideration. The mean of
individualized consideration is little more 13.16 than the inspirational motivation which is 13.13.
The mean and standard deviation of employee engagement is 74.26 and 5.92 respectively
Correlation Analysis:
In order to investigate the relationship and impact of independent variables (Inspirational
motivation and individualized consideration) upon the dependent variable, which is employee
engagement, a bivariate correlation analysis was made. The following table shows the results of
correlation analysis:
Table 3: Pearson correlation of Employee engagement, inspirational motivation and
individualized consideration:
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Results of Analysis of Correlation:
The above tables show the relationship values among the variables of the current studies. These
values range from 0.037 to 0.469, and are positively correlated with each other. That is in
between the range of 0 to +1 and here p<0.01 in all the calculations.
Variables 1 2 3
1 Individualized consideration 1
2 Inspirational Motivation 0.037 1
3 Employee Engagement 0.175** 0.469** 1
The above table shows that there is a positive relationship between the two independent variables
which is 0.037. The main result of this correlation analysis is the relationship between the
dependent and independent variables.
The table explains that there is highly significant relationship between employee engagement and
individualized consideration which is 0.175**, where ** shows the highly significance between
two variables. Similarly employee engagement also has very highly significant relation with the
inspirational motivation which is 0.469**.
The analysis shows that the employee engagement is positively associated with the inspirational
motivation and individualized consideration. If the inspirational motivation and individualized
consideration increase in the employees, their engagement in their jobs will also increase.
Also these values are less than 0.90, which means that there is no multi collinearly issued among
the said variables.

Regression Analysis:
In order to examine and prove hypothesis, the regression analysis is the most suitable and widely
used technique in research field. It also explains the significance of relationship among
independent variables with dependent variables. Regression analysis also elaborates about the
contribution and part the independent variable is playing on the dependent variable, its direction
and magnitude as well.
The regression analysis for the variables of current studies has been shown in table 4.4.
Table 4: Regression analysis:
Independent
variables
Dependent
variables
Standardized
coefficients



t-value


p-value

Adjusted
R


F
Beta Std. Value sig.
Individualized
Consideration

Employee
Engagement



.158 .197 2.672 0.008 .238 35.235 .000

Inspirational
Motivation
.463 .277 7.852 0.000

Results of Regression analysis:
The above table shows a multiple regression line results of the current studies. The standardized
beta () values of independent variable individualized consideration and inspirational motivation
is (=0.158, p<0.05) and (=0.463, p<0.05) respectively and having the standard error values
0.197 and 0.277 respectively.
The t-value of individualized consideration is 2.672 and of inspirational motivation are 7.852.
The current studies shows the F-value= 35.235 and significance is (0.000) at the significant level
1% (p<0.01), which shows that the model is statistically fit for the measurement of variables of
the current studies. It also shows that the relationship among independent variables and
dependent variable have a positive association with each other.
The study shows the value of R
2
= 24% which can be explained as, the result of R
2
value shows
that the inspirational motivation and individualized consideration make a change in employee
engagement of the workers up to 24% which shows a significant value of change among the
variables used in this study. It also means that 24% of the employees think that by providing
them better guidance, motivation and special attention by their leaders in a moral support on the
part of leaders may drive them more engaged towards their organization and work as well.
The P-value reported by the regression analysis elaborates that the inspirational motivation has a
p-value 0.000 (p<0.05) which shows a highly positive significant relationship among
inspirational motivation and employee engagement, which also testify and approves the
alternative hypothesis of the study. The p-value of the 2
nd
independent variable which is
individualized consideration is 0.008 (p<0.05) which also means that there is a highly positively
relationship and significance exists between individualized consideration and employee
engagement, which also approves the hypothesis of the current studies and rejects the null
hypothesis.
Findings of current study as compare to previous ones:
The analysis and the findings of the data collected and their statistical results shows a positively
significant relationship between the dimensions of transformational leadership that are taken as
independent variables which are inspirational motivation and individualized consideration, and
their impact on the dependent variable which is employee engagement.
The previous studies and their results also showed the same significance of transformational
leadership and engagement of employees. This shows that the current study is also in compliance
with the literature review of previous studies showed in the study.

Crux of Data Analysis:
In this chapter, the researcher analyzed the data by applying three statistical techniques, using
SPSS software, from the collected data through 220 respondents entailing 23 items instrument.
The techniques are descriptive statistics, for the purpose of qualitative analysis of the
respondents, the correlation analysis for the purpose to check the relationship and interlink age
between the variables individually and to check hypotheses, which showed a positive and
significant relationship between inspirational motivation with employee engagement and
individualized consideration with the same dependent variable, employee engagement.
The third analysis is regression line analysis, which is used to check the combined relationship
between these two independent and one dependent variable, which again showed a positive
relationship among all variables of the study, that also testify the hypotheses of the study.