Mathematics 334 Designed by Peter Nield Notes by Katherine Daignault

Westwood High School Grade 9 Student

Isometric Figures
Terminology:

Isometric: Two figures are isometric if:

1. All corresponding angles are congruent.
2. All corresponding sides are congruent.
Congruent: having the same measure.
Hypothesis: an educated guess.
Conjecture: a statement of position.
Theorem: any conjecture that has been proven.
Adjacent: beside.
Complementary: add to 90° .
Supplementary: add to 180° .
Axiom: something obvious that can be taken for granted without explanation.
EX: - A whole is equal to the sum of its parts.
- The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.
Transverse: to cross over.

Symbols
//: Parallel
⊥ : Perpendicular
≅ : Congruent to

Angle Theorems:
1) Vertically opposite angles are congruent.

D ∠ABC ≅ ∠DCE
A
≅ : Congruent to
C

E
B

64
Mathematics 334 Designed by Peter Nield Notes by Katherine Daignault
Westwood High School Grade 9 Student

2) Corresponding angles are congruent when parallel lines are crossed by a transversal.

E
A B AB // CD
∠GEB ≅ ∠EFD
//: Parallel
C F
D

3) Alternate-interior angles are congruent when parallel lines are crossed by a transversal.
C
B
A D AC // EH
∠ABC ≅ ∠HFG
F
E H

4) Alternate-exterior angles are congruent when parallel lines are crossed by a

transversal.

C
AC // EH
A D
B ∠ABC ≅ ∠BFH

F
E H

65
Mathematics 334 Designed by Peter Nield Notes by Katherine Daignault
Westwood High School Grade 9 Student

EX:

A
4
B
AB // CD
6 8 3

5 7 2 D
C
9 (75) 1 (65)

ASSERTIONS JUSTIFICATIONS

m∠1 = 65° Given

m∠2 = 115° Supplementary to ∠1
m∠3 = 65° Corresponding to ∠1
m∠4 = 65° Alternate-exterior to ∠1
m∠5 = 75° Vertically opposite to ∠9
m∠6 = 75° Alternate-interior to ∠5
m∠7 = 65° Vertically opposite to ∠1
m∠8 = 40° Supplementary to ∠5 and ∠7
m∠9 = 75° Given

66
Mathematics 334 Designed by Peter Nield Notes by Katherine Daignault
Westwood High School Grade 9 Student

TRIANGLE THEOREMS

1) The sum of the interior angles of a triangle = 180° .

2
1 3

m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠3 = 180°

2) In a 30°,60°,90° triangle, the side opposite the 30° angle measures half of the
hypotenuse.

x 60° x
2
30°

EX. 1:

Hypotenuse = 10

5 60° x

30°

EX. 2:

4 60° 8

30°
x 67
Mathematics 334 Designed by Peter Nield Notes by Katherine Daignault
Westwood High School Grade 9 Student

a2 + b2 = c2
x 2 + 42 = 82
x 2 = 48
x = 6 .9

EX. 3:
a2 + b2 = c2
4 2 + x 2 = (2 x )
2
2x
60°
x 16 + x 2 = 4 x 2
30° 16 = 3 x 2
4 3
16 = x 2
3
2.31 = x

EX. 4:

x = 60°
30° 24

x
12

68