SOUTH SUDAN

Project


Bryant Alejandro Pineda Garca
Daniela Valadez Pedroza
Lorena Sols Yaez
Omar Alonso Quezada Andrade
Introduction

















Indice



South Sudan
Conflict

Who is fighting who?

What triggered the bloodshed?

How serious is the fighting?

How might the worst be avoided?

Situation

Conclusion










South Sudan
South Sudan, officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in
northeastern Africa that gained its independence from Sudan in 2011. Its current
capital is Juba, which is also its largest city. The capital city is planned to be
changed to the more centrally located Ramciel in the future. South Sudan is
bordered by the Republic of Sudan to the north, Ethiopia to the east, Kenya to the
southeast, Uganda to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the
southwest, and the Central African Republic to the west.
Conflict

Violence broke out in Juba on 15 December 2013 and quickly spread to several
other states. Fighting is ongoing, and has been particularly intense in Central
Equatoria, Jonglei and Unity states.
As of 25 December, 92,500 people have reportedly been displaced. The real
number is likely much higher, with aid agencies estimating that hundreds of
thousands of people may have been affected by the crisis in five states. Some
58,000 people have sought shelter from the violence in UN peacekeeping bases
around the country.


Who is fighting who?

The two protagonists are Salva Kiir, the president of South Sudan, and Riek
Machar, who was sacked as vice-president in July. These men have been
struggling for power for some time. Behind their rivalry lies ethnic antagonism: Mr
Kiir is a Dinka, the largest tribe in South Sudan, and Mr Machar is a Nuer.


What triggered the bloodshed?

The fighting began in the capital. That is just about the only agreed fact in this
episode. Mr Kiir says that military units were attacked across Juba, heralding the
start of an attempted coup. He claims to have thwarted a bid by Mr Machar to
seize power. However, the former vice-president disputes this version of events.
He says there was no coup and the initial clashes were caused by a
misunderstanding within the Presidential Guard. Mr Machar says the situation
escalated when he and his followers were deliberately attacked. He says this came
in retaliation for his criticism of Mr Kiirs increasingly dictatorial rule.


How serious is the fighting?

The problem is serious enough to have forced a general evacuation of foreign
nationals from Juba. Britain and America have both withdrawn all non-essential
staff from their respective embassies and urged all their citizens to leave South
Sudan immediately. A C-17 transport plane from the RAF, capable of carrying 300
passengers, landed in Juba with the aim of evacuating any British nationals. No-
one knows how many people have died in the fighting in the capital, but about
500 is the most common estimate.
Situation

The top priority for humanitarian organizations is to deliver assistance to people
in need wherever security allows, focusing on immediate needs for food,
healthcare, shelter, and water, sanitation and hygiene services. A multi-sector
response to the needs of an estimated 20,000 displaced people in Juba is
underway and partners have also been able to deliver food to displaced people in
Bentiu, Unity State and Awerial County, Lakes State.

Desde que los combates entre las tropas gubernamentales y las fuerzas rebeldes
estallaron en la capital, se han presentado los siguientes problemas:

Unas 740.000 personas han tenido que huir de sus casas y estn ahora
desplazadas dentro del pas.
80.000 personas se encuentran desplazadas en bases de la ONU. En Juba, el 80%
de los desplazados son mujeres y nios.

123.000 personas han huido a los pases vecinos en busca de seguridad.
Muchos de ellos cruzan el ro Nilo hasta Uganda, dejando todo atrs y jugndose
la vida.
300.000 personas estn recibiendo ayuda humanitaria por parte de las agencias
internacionales.

La ONU est tratando de conseguir 209 millones de dlares para cubrir las
necesidades ms inmediatas. A da de hoy se han conseguido 104 millones de
dlares.

How might the worst be avoided?

International mediation is the only answer. Left to themselves, Mr Kiir and Mr
Machar would probably fight it out. A diplomatic effort to settle this conflict is
likely to be launched. If so, this will probably be led by America, Britain and
Norway the three powers who are the official guarantors of the peace agreement
that led to South Sudans secession. African countries - particularly Kenya,
Uganda and Ethiopia - will also be a key part of this effort.

















Conclusion