Trng

i hc bch khoa h ni
Khoa in t vin thng


bo co thc tp tt nghip
Ni dung: Mng thng tin i ng !"M
Gio vin hng dn: TS. Phm Cng Hng
Sinh vin thc hin :
Lp :
H ni! "# $%%&
'o co thc t(p
)*c +*c
)*c +*c............................................................................................$
L,i n-i ./0...................................................................................1
Ch2ng ". C30 h4nh mng GS)
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"." Gii thi0 ch0ng v5 mng thng tin di .ng GS).................&
".".". 6i n7t +8ch 9: v5 mng GS)......................................&
".".$. Cc ch; ti0 <= th0(t c>? mng GS)............................@
".$. C30 tABc h thCng GS)..........................................................D
".$.". PhEn h ch0FGn mch SS ...........................................H
".$.".". TA0ng tEm ch0FGn mch cc d8ch v* di .ng cIng
)SC.........................................................................................H
".$.".$. J ghi .8nh v8 th,ng tAB HLK..................................L
".$.".M. J ghi .8nh v8 tm tAB 6LK.......................................L
".$.".1. TA0ng tEm nh(n thc NOC......................................."%
".$.".&. J .Png <Q nh(n dng thiRt '8 STK.........................."%
".$.$. PhEn h tAm gCc JSS..................................................."%
".$.$.". TAm th0 pht gCc JTS...........................................""
".$.$.$. J .i50 <hiGn tAm gCc JSC................................""
".$.$.M. J ch0FGn .Ii mU v thVch Wng tCc . TKNO. . .""
".$.M. TAm di .ng )S............................................................."$
".$.1. PhEn h <h?i thc XSS.................................................."$
Ch2ng $. 6 t0FRn 9C Y gi?o tiRp v t0FRn 9C............................"1
$.". 6 t0FRn 9C tIng Z0t......................................................."1
$.".". S0F h?o .,ng tA0F5n v ph? .inh.............................."1
$.".$. PhEn tn th,i gi?n........................................................"@
$.".M. Cc ph2ng php ph[ng ng\? 90F h?o tA0F5n dn do
ph?.inh................................................................................."D
$.".1. Ph2ng php chCng phEn tn th,i gi?n.........................."L
$.".&. TA0F5n dn 9C v tVn hi0 t2ng t.............................$%
$.$. ]g0Fn t^c <hi chi? <nh th_o <h_ th,i gi?n......................$$
$.$.". `hi nim <nh.............................................................$$
$.$.".". `nh v(t +Q.............................................................$$
$.$.".$ `nh +ogic...............................................................$M
$.$.$. C*m.............................................................................$1
$.$.M. Chi? <nh +ogic th_o <h_ th,i gi?n................................$&
Ch2ng M. ]g0Fn t^c S: d*ng t/n 9C..........................................$D
# Cc tA,ng hap v th> t*c thng tin#.............................................$D
M.". ]g0Fn t^c 9: d*ng t/n 9C th_o chi? .............................$D
M.".". S: d*ng t/n 9C............................................................$D
M.".$. S ti 9: d*ng t/n 9C tAn mng....................................$H
M.".$.". C2 9b +V th0FRt ...................................................$H
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'o co thc t(p
M.$. Cc tA,ng hap v th> t*c thng tin.......................................M%
M.$.". TIng Z0?n..................................................................M%
M.$.$. L0 .ng v c(p nh(t v8 tAV:.......................................M"
M.$.M. Th> t*c nh(p mng .Png <Q +/n ./0..........................M$
M.$.1. Th> t*c A,i mng...........................................................M$
M.$.&. T4m gci........................................................................MM
M.$.@. Gci t\ )S.....................................................................MM
M.$.D. Gci .Rn th0 '?o )S..................................................MM
M.$.H. C0c gci .?ng tiRn hnh! .8nh v8 ...........................M1
Ch2ng 1. cc d8ch v* c>? g9m.....................................................M@
1.". d8ch v* thoi .....................................................................M@
1.$. d8ch v* 9C +i0..................................................................M@
1.M. d8ch v* nh^n tin ng^n S)S............................................M@
1.1. d8ch v* e?p ....................................................................M@
1.&. Cc d8ch v* mi c>? GS) $!&G.........................................MD
`Rt +0(n........................................................................................MH
Ph* +*c: Cc t\ viRt t^t................................................................ML
M
'o co thc t(p
L,i n-i ./0
Hin n?F tAong c0c 9Cng hng ngF thng tin +in +c .-ng mt
v?i tA[ A3t Z0?n tAcng <hng thG thiR0 .ac! n- Z0FRt .8nh nhi50 mft
hot .ng c>? gU hi! giBp con ng,i n^m '^t nh?nh ch-ng cc gi tA8
vPn ho! <inh tR! <ho? hcc <= th0(t A3t .? dng v phong phB.
Jhng nhing 'c pht tAiGn th/n <j! cc thnh t0 cng ngh kin
T: Y Tin Hcc Y 6iln Thng +m th?F .Ii c0c 9Cng con ng,i t\ng gi,
t\ng phBt ! n- to A? mt tAo +0 mkin T: Y Tin Hcc Y 6iln Thng m
tAong mci +nnh vc b thR <o $".
Lnnh vc Thng Tin di kng cpng <hng nhm ngoi tAo +0 .-.
Cng vi nhi50 cng ngh <hc nh?0 Thng Tin di kng .?ng <hng
ng\ng pht tAiGn .p Wng nh0 c/0 thng tin ngF cng tPng cq v5 9C +#
ang v ch3t +ang! to nhi50 th0(n +ai v5 th,i gi?n cpng nh <hng gi?n.
Ch^c ch^n tAong t2ng +?i Thng Tin di kng 9r .ac hon thin nhi50
h2n ni? .G thoq mUn nh0 c/0 thng tin t nhin c>? con ng,i.
TAn c2 9b nhing <iRn thWc .U tVch +0= .ac Z0? & nPm hcc t(p
ch0Fn ngnh kin T: Y 6iln Thng ti tA,ng ki hcc Jch `ho? H ]i
v h2n mt thng thc t(p ti ph[ng <= th0(t cng tF thng tin di .ng
6)S! ti .U hon thnh 'qn 'o co thc t(p tCt nghip nF.
kG hon thnh 'qn 'o co nF ti gin chEn thnh cqm 2n th/F
gio TS. Phm Cng Hng .U t(n t4nh hng dn ti tAong 90Ct Z0
tA4nh thc t(p tCt nghip.
Ti cpng gin chEn thnh cqm 2n 9 giBp .s nhit t4nh c>? tAbng
ph[ng kt 6p Nnh cng cc cn ' ph[ng <= th0(t tAong 90Ct Z0 tA4nh
thc t(p .

1
'o co thc t(p
#h$ng %& #'( h)nh *ng !"M
%&% !i+i thi( ch(ng v, *ng thng tin i ng !"M
%&%&%& -i n.t /0ch 1 v, *ng !"M
H thCng thng tin di .ng t\ +E0 .U + mt c m2 +n c>? con ng#
,i! v c m2 nF .U tAb thnh hin thc ng?F <hi <= th0(t cho ph7p. S
thc hin ./0 tin 'hng 9-ng v t0FRn .ac thc hin t\ c0Ci thR <o
"L. T0F nhin! vic .? h thCng thng tin di .ng vo ph*c v* ch; .ac
thc hin 9?0 chiRn tA?nh thR gii +/n thW $! <hi m cng ngh .in t:
cho ph7p. k- + mt d8ch v* thng tin .fc 'it! n- cho ph7p nCi
thng cc c0c gci <hng c/n dEF dn. ]g?F .- ng?F cq <hi di
ch0FGn! cc th0 '?o di .ng vn tA?o .Ii thng tin .ac vi nh?0. do
9 pht tAiGn ngF cng c?o c>? cng ngh .in t: v thng tin! mng
thng tin ngF cng phI 'iRn! gi cq ngF mt h v . tin c(F ngF
cng tPng +n. u0 tA4nh pht tAiGn c>? mng thng tin .U tAqi Z0? cc gi?i
.on 9?0:
# !iai on th2 nh't3 S?0 "L1@! <hq nPng ph*c v* nhv! ch3t +ang
<hng c?o! gi cq d^t.
# !iai on th2 hai3 T\ "LD% Y "LDL! cng vi 9 pht tAiGn c>? cc
thiRt '8 .in t: tI hap cs +n v cc ' vi g: +Q! t? c- thG thc hin .ac
mt h thCng phWc tp h2n. Jbi v4 vng ph> 9-ng c>? ?nt_n pht c>?
cc mF di .ng '8 hn chR nn h thCng .ac chi? thnh mt vi tAm
nh(n cho mt tAm pht.
# !iai on th2 ba3 T\"LDL #"LL%! + mng tI ong t2ng t. Cc
tAm th0 pht .ac .ft th_o cc tI ong. )ng nF cho ph7p 9: d*ng
+i t/n 9C v cho ph7p ch0FGn gi?o gii? cc tAong c0c gci. Cc mng
.iGn h4nh +:
w N)PS xNdv?nc_d )o'i+_ Phon_ S_Avic_y: .ac .? vo hot
.ng ti )= nPm "LDL.
w])T x ]oAdic )o'i+_ T_+_phon_y: + h thCng c>? cc nc J^c
z0 v .ac .? vo 9: d*ng vo thng "${"LH".
wTNCS x Tot?+ Ncc_99 Comm0nic?tion SF9t_my: .ac .? vo ph*c
v* ti 62ng Z0Cc Nnh nPm "LH&.
T3t cq cc mng tAn d? tAn mng tA0F5n .in thoi t2ng t 'hng
.i50 chR t/n 9C. ChBng 9: d*ng t/n 9C 1&% hofc L%% )h|. 6ng ph>
9-ng c>? n- ch; b mWc Z0Cc gi? v ph*c v* .ac vi tAPm th0 '?o. H
thCng +n nh3t b Nnh + TNCS .t h2n mt tAi0 th0 '?o vo nPm "LL%.
# !iai on th2 t3 T\ ./0 nhing nPm "LH%! 9?0 <hi cc h thCng
])T .U hot .ng thnh cng th4 n- cpng 'iG0 hin mt 9C hn chR.
)t + do F0 c/0 cho d8ch v* di .ng Z0 +n vat Z0? con 9C mong .ai
c>? cc nh thiRt <R h thCng nn h thCng nF <hng .p Wng .ac.
H?i + cc h thCng <hc nh?0 .?ng hot .ng <hng thG ph*c v* cho
t3t cq cc th0 '?o b chE0 z0! nghn? + thiRt '8 c>? mng nF <hng
&
'o co thc t(p
thG tA0F nh(p vo mng <hc. J? + nR0 thiRt <R mt mng +n ph*c v*
cho cq chE0 z0 th4 <hng mt nc no c- thG .p Wng .ac v4 vCn ./0
t Z0 +n. T3t cq nhing hn chR tAn dn .Rn mt nh0 c/0 + phqi thiRt
<R mt h thCng +oi mi .ac +m th_o <iG0 ch0ng .G c- thG dng cho
nhi50 nc. ]Pm "LHH! vin ti0 ch0}n viln thng chE0 E0 Y STST
xS0Aop_ T_+_comm0nic?tion St?nd?Ad Tn9tit0t_y .U thnh +(p nh-m
.fc tAch di .ng Y GS) xGAo0p_ Sp_ci?+ )o'i+_y. GS) c[n c-
nghn? + h thCng thng tin di .ng ton c/0 xG+o'?+ SF9t_m ~oA
)o'i+_ Comm0nic?tiony. GS) + ti0 ch0}n .in thoi di .ng 9C ton
chE0 z0 9: d*ng dqi t/n 9C L%%)h|.
]Pm "LL%! 62ng Z0Cc Nnh .? A? h thCng dCS xdigit?+ C_++0+?A
SF9t_my. dCS d? tAn h thCng GS) vi vic 9: d*ng t/n 9C
"H%%)h|.
Hin n?F! .G .p Wng nh0 c/0 ngF cng tPng v5 cc d8ch v*
viln thng mi! cc h thCng thng tin di .ng .?ng tiRn ti thR h thW
'?. b thR h thW '? nF! cc h thCng thng tin di .ng c- g0 thR ho
nh(p thnh mt ti0 ch0}n d0F nh3t v c- <hq nPng ph*c v* b tCc .
+n .Rn $)'it{9.
b 6it ]?m! h thCng thng tin di .ng 9C GS) .ac .? vo t\
nPm "LLM! hin n?F .?ng .ac h?i cng tF 6)S v GPC <h?i thc A3t
hi0 Z0q. TAong nPm $%%1 nF cng tF 6i_t_+ cpng 9r c0ng c3p d8ch v*
nF.
%&%&4& #c ch5 ti6( k7 th(t c8a *ng !"M
H thCng thng tin di .ng GS) cho ph7p ch0FGn vng t do
c>? cc th0 '?o tAong chE0 z0! c- nghn? + mt th0 '?o c- thG thEm
nh(p 9?ng mng c>? nc <hc <hi di ch0FGn Z0? 'in gii. TAm di .ng
GS) Y )S xGS) )o'i+_ St?tiony phqi c- <hq nPng tA?o .Ii thng tin ti
'3t cW n2i no tAong vng ph> 9-ng Z0Cc tR.
-, kh9 n:ng ph;c v; 3
# H thCng .ac thiRt <R 9?o cho )S c- thG dng .ac tAong t3t cq
cc nc c- mng.
# Cng vi ph*c v* thoi! h thCng phqi cho ph7p 9 +inh hot +n
nh3t cho cc +oi d8ch v* <hc +in Z0?n ti mng 9C +in <Rt .? d8ch v*
xTSd]y.
# To mt h thCng c- thG ph*c v* cho cc )S tAn cc t/0 viln
d2ng nh mt mng mb Ang cho cc d8ch v* di .ng mft .3t.
-, ch't /<ng ph;c v; v an ton b9o *t3
# Ch3t +ang c>? thoi tAong GS) phqi Vt nh3t c- ch3t +ang nh cc
h
thCng di .ng t2ng t tAc .- tAong .i50 <in v(n hnh thc tR.
# H thCng c- <hq nPng m(t mU ho thng tin ng,i dng m <hng
qnh
hbng g4 .Rn h thCng cpng nh <hng qnh hbng .Rn cc th0 '?o <hc
<hng dng .Rn <hq nPng nF.
-, 1 ;ng t=n 13
@
'o co thc t(p
# H thCng cho ph7p mWc . c?o v5 hi0 Z0q c>? dqi t/n m
c- thG ph*c
v* b vng thnh th8 v nng thn cpng nh cc d8ch v* mi pht tAiGn.
# dqi t/n 9C hot .ng + HL%#L"& v LM&#L@% )h|.
# H thCng GS) L%%)h| phqi c- thG cng tn ti vi cc h thCng
dng
L%%)h| tAc .EF.
-, *ng3
# `R hoch nh(n dng d? tAn <h0FRn ngh8 c>? CCTTT.
# `R hoch .nh 9C d? tAn <h0FRn ngh8 c>? CCTTT.
# H thCng phqi cho ph7p c30 tABc v to + tVnh cc <hc nh?0
<hi .ac
dng tAong cc mng <hc nh?0.
# TA0ng tEm ch0FGn mch v cc th?nh ghi .8nh v8 phqi dng h
thCng
'o hi0 .ac ti0 ch0}n ho Z0Cc tR.
# ChWc nPng 'qo v thng tin 'o hi0 v thng tin .i50 <hiGn
mng phqi
.ac c0ng c3p tAong h thCng.
%&4& #'( tr>c h thng !"M
)t h thCng GS) c- thG .ac chi? thnh nhi50 phEn h 9?0 .EF:
# PhEn h ch0FGn mch xSS: Sitching S0'9F9t_my
# PhEn h tAm gCc xJSS: J?9_ St?tion S0'9F9t_my
# PhEn h <h?i thc xXSS: Xp_A?tion S0'9F9t_my
# TAm di .ng x)S: )o'i+_ St?tiony
D
'o co thc t(p
%&4&%& ?h@n h ch(ABn *ch ""
H thCng con ch0FGn mch '?o gm cc chWc nPng ch0FGn mch
chVnh c>? GS) cpng nh cc c2 9b di +i0 c/n thiRt cho 9C +i0 th0
'?o v Z0qn +Q di .ng c>? th0 '?o. ChWc nPng chVnh c>? SS + Z0qn
+Q thng tin gii? nhing ng,i 9: d*ng mng GS) vi nh?0 v vi mng
<hc.
H thCng con ch0FGn mch SS '?o gm cc <hCi chWc nPng 9?0:
# TA0ng tEm ch0FGn mch cc d8ch v* di .ng x)SC: )o'i+_
S_Avic_9
Sitching C_nt_Ay.
# J ghi .8nh v8 tm tAB x6LK: 6i9itoA Loc?tion K_gi9t_Ay
# J ghi .8nh v8 th,ng tAB xHLK: Hom_ Loc?tion K_gi9t_Ay
# TA0ng tEm nh(n thc xNOC: N0th_ntic?tion C_nt_Ay
# J nh(n dng thiRt '8 xSTK: SZ0ipm_nt Td_ntitF K_gi9t_Ay
# TA0ng tEm ch0FGn mch cc d8ch v* di .ng cIng xG)SC:
G?t_?F )o'i+_ S_Avic_9 Sitching C_nt_Ay
%&4&%&%& Tr(ng t@* ch(ABn *ch cc 0ch v; i ng cCng M"#
b SS! chWc nPng ch0FGn mch chVnh .ac )SC thc hin. ]him
v* chVnh c>? )SC + .i50 phCi vic thiRt +(p c0c gci .Rn nhing ng#
,i 9: d*ng mng GS). )t mft )SC gi?o tiRp vi phEn h JSS! mft
<hc n- gi?o tiRp vi mng ngoi. )SC +m nhim v* gi?o tiRp vi mng
BSS
MS
AUC
HLR
MSC
VLR EIR
SS
BSC
BTS
OSS
ISDN

PSPD
N

CSPD
N
PSTN
PLMN
Hnh 1. M hnh h thng GSM
H
'o co thc t(p
ngoi .ac gci + )SC cIng. 6ic gi?o tiRp vi mng ngoi .G .qm 'qo
thng tin cho ng,i 9: d*ng mng GS) .[i hvi cIng thVch Wng xcc
chWc nPng t2ng tc Te: Tnt_AoA<ing 0nctiony. SS cpng c/n gi?o tiRp
vi mng ngoi .G 9: d*ng cc <hq nPng tA0F5n tqi c>? cc mng nF
cho vic tA0F5n tqi 9C +i0 c>? ng,i 9: d*ng hofc 'o hi0 gii? cc
ph/n t: c>? mng GS). )SC th,ng + mt tIng .i +n .i50 <hiGn v
Z0qn +Q mt 9C cc ' .i50 <hiGn tAm gCc .
kG <Rt nCi )SC vi mt 9C mng <hc! c/n phqi thVch Wng cc
.fc .iGm tA0F5n dn c>? GS) vi cc mng nF. Cc thVch Wng nF
.ac gci + cc chWc nPng t2ng tc Te xTnt_AoA<ing 0nctiony '?o gm
mt thiRt '8 .G thVch Wng gi?o thWc v tA0F5n dn. ]- cho ph7p <Rt
nCi vi cc mng: PSPd] xP?c<_t Sitch_d P0'+ic d?t? ]_toA<: mng
9C +i0 cng cng ch0FGn mch g-iy! h?F CSPd] xCiAc0it Sitch_d
P0'+ic d?t? ]_toA<: mng 9C +i0 cng cng ch0FGn mch <nhy! n-
cpng tn ti <hi cc mng <hc ch; .2n th0/n + PST] h?F TSd]. Te
c- thG .ac thc hin tAong cng chWc nPng )SC h?F c- thG b thiRt '8
Aing! b tA,ng hap h?i th4 gi?o tiRp gii? )SC v Te .ac .G mb.
kG thiRt +(p mt c0c gci .Rn ng,i 9: d*ng GS)! tAc hRt c0c
gci phqi .ac .8nh t0FRn .Rn mt tIng .i cIng G)SC m <hng
c/n 'iRt .Rn hin th,i th0 '?o .?ng b .E0. Cc tIng .i cIng c-
nhim v* +3F thng tin v5 v8 tAV c>? th0 '?o v .8nh t0FRn c0c gci
.Rn tIng .i .?ng Z0qn +Q th0 '?o b th,i .iGm hin th,i x)SC tm
tABy. kG v(F tAc ht cc tIng .i cIng phqi d? tAn 9C thoi d?nh '
c>? th0 '?o .G t4m .Bng HLK c/n thiRt v hvi HLK nF. TIng .i
cIng c- mt gi?o din vi cc mng 'n ngoi vi mng GS). 65 ph2ng
din <inh tR! <hng phqi '?o gi, tIng .i cIng cpng .Wng Aing m
th,ng .ac <Rt hap vi )SC.
%&4&%&4& D ghi 0nh v0 thng tr> EFG
L c2 9b di +i0 Z0?n tAcng nh3t c>? mng GS)! +0 tAi cc 9C
+i0 v .8? ch; nh(n dng cpng nh cc thng 9C nh(n thc c>? th0
'?o tAong mng. Cc thng tin +0 tAi tAong HLK gm: nh(n dng th0 '?o
T)ST! )STSd]! 6LK hin th,i! tAng thi th0 '?o! <ho nh(n thc v
chWc nPng nh(n thc! 9C +0 .ng tAm di .ng )SK].
HLK chW? nhing c2 9b di +i0 '(c c?o c>? t3t cq cc th0 '?o
tAong GS). ]hing di +i0 nF .ac tA0F nh(p t\ g? 'bi cc )SC v 6LK
c>? mng.
%&4&%&H& D ghi 0nh v0 t* tr> -FG
6LK + c2 9b di +i0 thW h?i tAong mng GS). ]- .ac nCi vi mt
h?F nhi50 )SC v c- nhim v* +0 gii tm th,i 9C +i0 th0 '?o c>? cc
th0 '?o hin .?ng nhm tAong vng ph*c v* c>? )SC t2ng Wng v
.ng th,i +0 gii 9C +i0 v5 v8 tAV c>? cc th0 '?o n-i tAn b mWc .
chVnh gc h2n HLK. Cc chWc nPng 6LK th,ng .ac +in <Rt vi cc chWc
nPng )SC.
L
'o co thc t(p
%&4&%&I& Tr(ng t@* nhn thc JK#
NOC Z0qn +Q cc thng tin nh(n thc v m(t mU +in Z0?n .Rn
t\ng c nhEn th0 '?o d? tAn mt <ho nh(n dng 'V m(t `i .G .qm
'qo ton 9C +i0 cho cc th0 '?o .ac ph7p. `ho nF cpng .ac +0 gii
vnnh c:0 v 'V m(t tAong ' nh b )S. J nh nF c- d?ng Simc?Ad c-
thG ABt A? v c^m +i .ac. NOC c- thG .ac .ft tAong HLK hofc )SC
hofc .c +(p vi cq h?i.
`hi .Png <Q th0 '?o! <ho nh(n thc `i .ac ghi nh vo Simc?Ad
c>? th0 '?o cng vi T)ST c>? n-. kng th,i <ho nh(n thc `i cpng .ac
+0 gii b tA0ng tEm nh(n thc NOC .G to A? ' '? thng 9C c/n thiRt
cho Z0 tA4nh nh(n thc v m(t mU ho:
# SC ng0 nhin KN]d
# )(t <h}0 SKSS .ac to A? t\ `i v 9C ng0 nhin KN]d 'hng
th0(t ton NM.
# `ho m(t mU `c .ac to A? t\ `i v 9C ng0 nhin KN]d 'hng
th0(t
ton NH
%&4&%&L& D :ng kM nhn ng thiNt b0 OPG
u0qn +Q thiRt '8 di .ng .ac thc hin 'bi ' .Png <Q nh(n dng
thiRt '8 STK. STK +0 gii t3t cq cc di +i0 +in Z0?n .Rn ph/n thiRt '8
di .ng )S c>? tAm di .ng )S. STK .ac nCi vi )SC thng Z0? .,ng
'o hi0 .G <iGm tA? 9 .ac ph7p c>? thiRt '8 'hng cch 9o 9nh
th?m 9C nh(n dng thiRt '8 di .ng Z0Cc tR T)ST xTnt_An?tion?+ )o'i+_
SZ0ipm_nt Td_ntitFy c>? th0 '?o g:i ti <hi thiRt +(p thng tin vi 9C T)ST
+0 gii tAong STK ph[ng tA,ng hap .EF + nhing thiRt '8 ./0 c0Ci '8
.nh c^p! nR0 9o 9nh <hng .Bng th4 thiRt '8 <hng thG tA0F nh(p
vo mng .ac.
%&4&4& ?h@n h tr* gc D""
JSS thc hin nhim v* gim 9t cc .,ng gh7p nCi v t0FRn!
+in <Rt <nh v t0FRn vi mF pht v Z0qn +Q c30 h4nh c>? cc <nh
nF. k- +:
# ki50 <hiGn 9 th?F .Ii t/n 9C v t0FRn c>? .,ng gh7p nCi
xA_Z0_ncF Hoppingy v 9 th?F .Ii cng 903t pht v t0FRn.
# Thc hin mU ho <nh v tVn hi0 thoi 9C! phCi hap tCc .
tA0F5n thng tin.
# u0qn +Q Z0 tA4nh H?ndov_A.
# Thc hin 'qo m(t <nh v t0FRn.
PhEn h JSS gm h?i <hCi chWc nPng: ' .i50 <hiGn tAm gCc
xJSC: J?9_ St?tion ContAo++_Ay v cc tAm th0 pht gCc xJTS: J?9_
TA?n9c_iv_A St?tiony. ]R0 <hoqng cch gii? JSC v JTS nhv h2n "%m
th4 cc <nh thng tin c- thG .ac <Rt nCi tAc tiRp xchR . Com'in_y!
ngac +i th4 phqi Z0? mt gi?o din N#'i9 xchR . K_mot_y. )t JSC c-
thG Z0qn +Q nhi50 JTS th_o c30 h4nh htn hap c>? $ +oi tAn.
"%
'o co thc t(p
%&4&4&%& Tr* th( pht gc DT"
)t JTS '?o gm cc thiRt '8 pht th0! ?nt_n v g: +Q tVn hi0
.fc th cho gi?o din v t0FRn. C- thG coi JTS + cc )od_m v
t0FRn phWc tp c- thm mt 9C cc chWc nPng <hc. )t ' ph(n Z0?n
tAcng c>? JTS + TKNO xTA?n9cod_A ?nd K?t_ Nd?pt_A Onit: <hCi
ch0FGn .Ii mU v thVch Wng tCc .y. TKNO + thiRt '8 m b .- Z0
tA4nh mU ho v giqi mU tiRng .fc th Aing cho GS) .ac tiRn hnh! b
.EF cpng thc hin thVch Wng tCc . tAong tA,ng hap tA0F5n 9C +i0.
TKNO + mt ' ph(n c>? JTS! nhng cpng c- thG .ft cch g? JTS v
th(m chV tAong nhi50 tA,ng hap .ac .ft gii? JSC v )SC.
JTS c- cc chWc nPng 9?0:
# u0qn +Q +p v(t +Q tA0F5n dn v t0FRn
# u0qn +Q gi?o thWc cho +in <Rt 9C +i0 gii? )S v JSC
# 6(n hnh v 'qo dsng tAm JTS
# C0ng c3p cc thiRt '8 tA0F5n dn v gh7p <nh nCi tAn gi?o
tiRp N#'i9
%&4&4&4& D i,( khiBn tr* gc D"#
JSC c- nhim v* Z0qn +Q t3t cq gi?o din v t0FRn Z0? cc +nh
.i50 <hiGn t\ g? JTS v )S. Cc +nh nF ch> FR0 + cc +nh 3n
.8nh! giqi ph-ng <nh v t0FRn v Z0qn +Q ch0FGn gi?o xH?ndov_Ay.
)t phV? JSC .ac nCi vi JTS c[n phV? <i? nCi vi )SC c>? SS. TAong
thc tR! JSC + mt tIng .i nhv c- <hq nPng tVnh ton .ng <G. )t
JSC c- thG Z0qn +Q vi ch*c JTS t0j th_o +0 +ang cc JTS nF. Gi?o
din gii? JSC v )SC + gi?o din N! c[n gi?o din gii? n- vi JTS
+ gi?o din N#'i9.
]hEn vin <h?i thc c- thG t\ tA0ng tEm <h?i thc v 'qo dsng
X)C
np ph/n m5m mi v di +i0 g0Cng JSC! thc hin mt 9C chWc nPng
<h?i thc v 'qo dsng! hiGn th8 c30 h4nh c>? JSC.
JSC c- thG th0 th(p 9C +i0 .o t\ JTS v JTS xJ?9_ St?tion
Tnt_A~?c_ SZ0ipm_nt: ThiRt '8 gi?o din tAm gCcy! +0 tAi chBng tAong
' nh v c0ng c3p chBng cho X)C th_o F0 c/0.
%&4&4&H& D ch(ABn Ci *Q v thRch 2ng tc TGJK
TAong GS)! tVn hi0 thoi tAn gi?o din v t0FRn .ac mU ho b
tCc . "M`'p9 9: d*ng mU ho ti5n .8nh t0FRn LPC. kG thVch Wng tCc
. nF cc tCc . mng hi thoi cC .8nh PST] c/n c- ' ch0FGn
.Ii mU TKNO .G ch0FGn .Ii gii? "M`'p9 PC) gii? )S v )SC.
TKNO c- thG .ac .ft ti JTS! JSC hofc ti )SC. kG giqm thiG0 chi
phV tA0F5n dn! th,ng TKNO .ft b )SC. `hi .- c/n thm 'o hi0
'I g0ng vo tiRng thoi "M`'p9 .G tA0F5n thng tin .i50 <hiGn t\ '
ch0FGn .Ii mU t\ g? .ft b JTS .Rn TKNO.
""
'o co thc t(p
%&4&H& Tr* i ng M"
TAm di .ng + thiRt '8 d0F nh3t m ng,i 9: d*ng c- thG th,ng
g0Fn nh4n th3F c>? h thCng. )S c- thG +: mF c/m t?F! mF gch
t?F h?F mF .ft tAn t. ]goi vic chW? cc chWc nPng v t0FRn
ch0ng v g: +Q cho gi?o din v t0FRn )S c[n phqi c0ng c3p cc gi?o
din vi ng,i 9: d*ng xnh micA! +o?! mn hiGn th8! 'n phVm .G Z0qn
+Q c0c gciy hofc gi?o din vi mt 9C cc thiRt '8 <hc xnh gi?o din
vi mF tVnh c nhEn! ?gy. Hin n?F! ng,i t? .?ng cC g^ng 9qn g03t
cc thiRt '8 ./0 c0Ci gcn nh .G .30 nCi vi tAm di .ng. J? chWc
nPng chVnh c>? )S:
# ThiRt '8 ./0 c0Ci thc hin cc chWc nPng <hng +in Z0?n
.Rn mng GS).
# `Rt c0Ci tAm di .ng thc hin cc chWc nPng +in Z0?n .Rn
tA0F5n dn b gi?o din v t0FRn.
# J thVch Wng ./0 c0Ci +m vic nh mt c:? nCi thng thit '8
./0 c0Ci vi <Rt c0Ci di .ng. C/n 9: d*ng ' thVch Wng ./0 c0Ci <hi
gi?o din ngoi tAm di .ng t0En th_o ti0 ch0}n TSd] .G .30 nCi
./0 c0Ci! c[n thiRt '8 ./0 c0Ci +i c- thG gi?o din ./0 c0Ci Y
mod_m.
)F di .ng )S gm h?i ph/n: )od0+_ nh(n dng th0 '?o ST)
x S0'9cAi'_A Td_ntitF )od0+_y v thiRt '8 di .ng )S x)o'i+_
SZ0ipm_nty.
kG .Png <Q v Z0qn +Q th0 '?o! mti th0 '?o phqi c- mt '
ph(n gci + ST). ST) + mt mod0+_ Aing .ac ti0 ch0}n ho tAong
GS). T3t cq cc ' ph(n th0! pht! 'o hi0 to thnh thiRt '8 )S. )S
<hng chW? cc th?m 9C +in Z0?n .Rn <hch hng! m t3t cq cc thng
tin nF .ac +0 tAi tAong ST). ST) th,ng .ac chR to 'hng mt vi mch
ch0Fn d*ng g^n tAn th gci + Simc?Ad. Simc?Ad c- thG ABt A? hofc
c^m vo )S.
Sim .qm nhim cc chWc nPng 9?0:
# L0 gii <ho nh(n thc th0 '?o `i cng vi 9C nh(n dng tAm di
.ng Z0Cc tR T)ST nhhm thc hin cc th> t*c nh(n thc v m(t mU
ho thng tin.
# `h?i thc v Z0qn +Q 9C nh(n dng c nhEn PT]xP_A9on?+ Td_ntitF
]0m'_Ay .G 'qo v Z0F5n 9: d*ng c>? ng,i 9b hi0 hap php. PT] +
mt 9C gm t\ 1 .Rn H chi 9C! .ac np 'bi nh <h?i thc <hi .Png <Q
+/n ./0.
%&4&I& ?h@n h khai thc S""
PhEn h <h?i thc XSS thc hin '? chWc nPng chVnh 9?0:
Khai thc v bo dng mng:
`h?i thc + cc hot .ng cho ph7p nh <h?i thc mng th_o di
hnh vi c>? mng nh: tqi c>? h thCng! mWc . chfn! 9C +ang ch0FGn
gi?o gii? h?i ! nh, v(F nh <h?i thc c- thG gim 9t .ac ton '
ch3t +ang c>? d8ch v* m hc c0ng c3p cho <hch hng v <8p th,i g: +Q
cc 9 cC. `h?i thc cpng '?o gm vic th?F .Ii c30 h4nh .G giqm
"$
'o co thc t(p
nhing v3n .5 g03t hin b th,i .iGm hin ti! .G ch0}n '8 + 0 +ang
cho t2ng +?i! .G tPng vng ph>. b h thCng viln thng hin .i! <h?i
thc .ac thc hin 'hng mF tVnh v .ac t(p tA0ng b mt tAm.
Jqo dsng c- nhim v* pht hin! .8nh v8 v 9:? chi? cc 9 cC
hvng h-c. ]- c- mt 9C Z0?n h vi <h?i thc. Jqo dsng cpng '?o gm
cq cc hot .ng ti hin tA,ng nhhm th?F thR thiRt '8 c- 9 cC.
H thCng <h?i thc v 'qo dsng c- thG .ac gEF dng tAn ng0Fn
+Q T)] xT_+_comm0nic?tion )?n?g_m_nt ]_toA<: )ng Z0qn +Q viln
thngy. LBc nF! mt mft h thCng <h?i thc v 'qo dsng .ac nCi .Rn
cc ph/n t: c>? mng viln thng x cc )SC! JSC! HLK v cc ph/n t:
mng <hc tA\ JTS! v4 thEm nh(p .Rn JTS .ac thc hin Z0? JSCy.
)ft <hc! h thCng <h?i thc v 'qo dsng +i .ac nCi .Rn mt mF tVnh
ch> .-ng v?i tA[ gi?o tiRp ng,i mF. Th_o ti0 ch0}n GS)! h thCng
.ac gci + X)C xXp_A?tion ?nd )?int_n?nc_ C_nt_A: TA0ng tEm <h?i
thc v 'qo dsngy.
Qun l thu bao:
J?o gm cc hot .ng Z0qn +Q .Png <Q th0 '?o. ]him v* ./0
tin +
nh(p v g-? th0 '?o <hvi mng. kPng <Q th0 '?o cpng c- thG A3t phWc
tp! '?o gm nhi50 d8ch v* v cc tVnh nPng 'I 90ng. ]h <h?i thc
phqi c- thG thEm nh(p .ac t3t cq cc thng 9C n-i tAn. )t nhim v*
Z0?n tAcng <hc c>? <h?i thc + tVnh cc cc c0c gci. Cc phV phqi .ac
tVnh v g:i .Rn th0 '?o. u0qn +Q th0 '?o b GS) ch; +in Z0?n .Rn
HLK v mt 9C thiRt '8 XSS Aing chng hn mng nCi HLK vi cc
thiRt '8 gi?o tiRp ng,i mF b cc tA0ng tEm gi?o d8ch vi th0 '?o.
Simc?Ad cpng .-ng v?i tA[ nh mt ' ph(n c>? h thCng Z0qn +Q th0
'?o.
Qun l thit b di ng:
u0qn +Q thiRt '8 di .ng .ac ' .Png <Q nh(n dng thiRt '8 STK
thc
hin. STK +0 gii t3t cq cc di +i0 +in Z0?n .Rn tAm di .ng )S. STK
.ac nCi .Rn )SC Z0? .,ng 'o hi0 .G <iGm tA? 9 .ac ph7p c>?
thiRt '8. )t thiRt '8 <hng .ac ph7p 9r '8 c3m. TAong h thCng
GS)! STK .ac coi + h thCng con SS.
"M
'o co thc t(p
#h$ng 4& - t(ANn 1 T giao tiNp v t(ANn 1
4&%& - t(ANn 1 tCng U(t
b ph/n nF .5 c(p .Rn vic 9: d*ng thiRt '8 v t0FRn .G
tA0F5n thng tin gii? tAm di .ng v mng PL)] GS) th?F v4 dng
dEF. )t 9C v3n .5 Z0?n tAcng <hi Z0F hoch t/n 9C + 9 hn chR 'bi
.i +ang nhil0 c>? h thCng tI ong.
4&%&%& "(A hao ng tr(A,n v pha inh
S0F h?o .,ng tA0F5n + Z0 tA4nh m b .- tVn hi0 th0 FR0 d/n
do <hoqng cch gii? tAm di .ng v tAm gCc tPng m <hng c- mft
v(t cqn gii? ?nt_n pht v th0. S0F h?o tAong <hng gi?n t do:
L9 d
$
.~
$
L9 xdJy MM!1 xdJy w $%+ogx)H|y w $%+ogdx<my
d: l khong cch gia ant!n "ht #$ v thu %$&
': t(n )* "ht
+,-ng th.c t/n ch0 1ng v2i cc h3 th*ng v- tu4n di ng g(n
56&7
"1
'o co thc t(p
)i tA,ng 9: d*ng c>? )S th,ng c- chng ngi v(t gEF hi0 Wng
ch_ tCi +m giqm c,ng . tVn hi0 th0. `hi di .ng cng vi .i di .ng
c,ng . tVn hi0 giqm v tPng d gii? Tg v Kg c- h?F <hng c- chng
ngi. Hi0 Wng nF gci + ph? .inh ch0}n +og. Th,i gi?n gii? $ cht
tApng ph? .inh <hoqng vi giEF <hi mF di .ng )S + +oi +^p tAn g_
v ch0FGn .ng.
H4nh $. Ph?.inh ch0}n +og?Ait
TAong tA,ng hap mi tA,ng thng tin c- m(t . th0 '?o dF v
nhi50 chng ngi t? c- ph? .inh nhi50 ti? h?F A?i+_! gqF A? <hi tVn hi0
tA0F5n nhi50 .,ng t\ ?nt_n Tg .Rn Kg.
b hin tang ph? .inh A?i+_! tVn hi0 th0 .ac + tIng cc tVn hi0
phqn g <hc ph?! <hc 'in .. ]hing tVn hi0 nF <hi cng +i nh cc
v7ct2 to nn mt v7ct2 tIng g/n 'hng <hng c- nghiU + c,ng . tVn
hi0 'hng %. kEF + cht tApng ph?.inh nghim tAcng. `hoqng th,i gi?n
gii? h?i cht tApng ph?.inh ph* th0c vo tCc . ch0FGn .ng v t/n
9C pht.

H4nh M. Ph?.inh K?i+_
b mt <hoqng cch nh3t .8nh xg m7ty 9o vi ?nt_n pht Tg! tVn hi0 th0
.ac minh ho nh 9?0:
MS
"&
MS
'o co thc t(p

k nhF mF th0 + mWc tVn hi0 vo FR0 nh3t c/n thiRt cho mt
tVn hi0 A? Z0i .8nh. `hi Z0F hoch h thCng! .G chCng +i ph? .inh
th4 gi tA8 tA0ng '4nh ch0ng .ac +3F +n h2n . nhF mF th0 +ang xd5y
'hng cht tApng ph? ph?.inh mnh nh3t! xd5y .ac gci + d tAi
ph?.inh.
4&%&4& ?h@n tn thi gian
Hin tang nF c- ng0n gCc t\ phqn g t\ mt v(t b g? ?nt_n th0
Kg vi <m. ]- d/n .Rn gi?o tho? gii? cc <Q hi0 TST tWc + gi?o tho?
gii? cc <Q hi0 +En c(n vi nh?0 dn .Rn phV? th0 <h- Z0FRt .8nh
nh(n .ac <Q hi0 no.
b G)S tCc . 'it + $D%<'{9! mti 'it t2ng Wng vi M!D9 v t2ng
Wng vi <hoqng cch + "!"<m. `hi c- phqn g t\ "<m phV? 9?0 tAm di
.ng th4 tVn hi0 phqn g phqi Z0? Z0Ung .,ng di h2n tVn hi0 .i
thng + $<m. TVn hi0 phqn g 9r tAn tVn hi0 mong m0Cn vi tVn
hi0 tAl $'it.
H thCng GS) .ac thiRt <R c- thG hn chR phEn tn th,i gi?n
nh, 9: d*ng mt ' cEn 'hng m c- thG thc hin cEn 'hng mt 9C
nh3t .8nh tVn hi0 phqn g nhng <hng phqi + t3t cq. J cEn 'hng
c>? GS) c- thG .t .ac 9 cEn 'hng cho cc tVn hi0 phqn g ch(m
<hoqng 1 'Vt 9o v2V tVn hi0 .Rn tAc tiRp! t2ng Wng vi "& 9. T0F
nhin nR0 tVn hi0 phqn g m .Rn tAl h2n thR th4 ' cEn 'hng
<hng thG .p Wng .ac. Gi?i .on m ' cEn 'hng c- thG .p Wng .ac
gci + c:? 9C th,i gi?n. TAong c:? 9I th,i gi?n .- 9r tPng c,ng . tVn
hi0 .Rn tAc tiRp. TIng cc tVn hi0 phqn g c- thG nhv h2n "&9
phqi Vt nh3t nhv h2n L +/n tIng cc tVn hi0 tAong c:? 9I. T; 9C nF
gci + t; 9C 9-ng m?ng tAn 9-ng phqn g x,8%y. C{K .ac tVnh 'hng t;
9C gii? nPng +ang tAong c:? 9I C v nPng +ang ngoi c:? 9I K c>? '
cEn 'hng. C{K cng nhv th4 ch3t +ang cng <7m. 68 tAV .ft JTS qnh
hbng A3t +n .Rn t; 9C nF nn .ft <hng hap +V 9r gEF nn phEn tn
th,i gi?n +n. Cc vng c- .8? h4nh nh mi5n nBi! thnh phC nhi50 nh
c?o t/ng! vng h gEF dng nhi50 th5m! '(c th,ng c- t; 9C C{K nhv.
Thng th,ng tVn hi0 phqn g phqi .i Z0? Z0Ung .,ng +n h2n 1!&
`m 9o vi tVn hi0 tAc tiRp th4 mi c- tAl h2n "&9 t0F nhin nR0 tVn
nh! "#! th$
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'o co thc t(p
hi0 phqn g .- <hng mnh tWc + t; 9C C{K +n h2n " 9C cho ph7p
th4 <hng qnh hbng .Rn vng 9-ng ph*c v*.
]gac +i nR0 tVn hi0 phqn g mnh nhng tAl vn th0c c:? 9I
th4 9r tPng . mnh c>? tVn hi0 .i thng. Ch; <hi C{K nhv phEn tn
th,i gi?n +n th4 mi c- F0 c/0 th?F .Ii vi tAV JTS! hofc dng ph2ng
php .ft thm JTS ph* tAa.
]hil0 .ng <nh:
]hil0 gi?o tho? .ng <nh + nhil0 do tVn hi0 th0 <hng
mong m0Cn c- cng t/n 9C vi tVn hi0 th0 mong m0Cn. T; 9C gii?
mWc 9-ng m?ng mong m0Cn v <hng mong m0Cn + t; 9C nhil0 gi?o
tho? .ng <nh x,89y. T; 9C nF ph* th0c vo nhing FR0 tC nh:
w )0 9: d*ng +i t/n 9C: <hoqng cch gii? h?i C_++ cng t/n 9C
qnh hbng +n nh?0.
w 68 tAV .8? h4nh.
w Cc vng phqn g .8? ph2ng.
w `iG0 Nngt_n! tVnh .8nh hng! chi50 c?o Nngt_n.
w Cc 9-ng gEF nhil0 .8? ph2ng c- cng t/n 9C.
T; 9C nF gEF qnh hbng A3t mnh .Rn ch3t +ang tVn hi0! dn
.Rn 9?i tVn hi0! giqi mU 9?i gEF nn 9-t c0c gci hofc th3t 'i tAn .#
,ng nCi v t0FRn. Ti0 ch0}n GS) cho ph7p C{T nhv nh3t + "%. ]goi
A? tAong thng tin v t0FRn tVn hi0 c[n '8 qnh hbng cc <nh +En c(n
+ cc <nh g/n t/n 9C vi tVn hi0 th0! dqi t/n c>? chBng tAng +n nh?0
b mWc +n. TAong tA,ng hap nF cpng gEF nhil0 gci + nhil0 gi?o tho?
<nh +En c(n x,8:y tAong thc tR cc t/n 9C c>? cc JTS cng v8 tAV th#
,ng gEF qnh hbng cho nh?0.
TVn hi0 th0 .ac <hi .o .c th,ng gm A3t nhi50 +oi tVn hi0
v nhil0 nh .U <G tAn.
4&%&H& #c ph$ng php phVng ngWa 1(A hao tr(A,n Xn o phainh
kG cqi thin mF th0 v ch3t +ang c>? tVn hi0 th0! c- 1 ph2ng n
.G thc hin nh 9?0:
BTS
(
(
1
1
Hnh B. PhCn t#n th7/ g/-n
"D
'o co thc t(p
Phn tp anten (phn tp khng gian):
do $ ?nt_n th0 Vt c- ng0F c2 '8 cht tApng ph?.inh 9E0 cng mt
+Bc! nn t? 9: d*ng $ ?nt_n Kg .c +(p th0 cng tVn hi0 Ai <Rt hap cc
tVn hi0 nF +i t? 9r c- mt tVn hi0 A? <hvi ' <Rt hap Vt '8 ph?.inh
h2n. `hoqng cch gii? h?i ?nt_n phqi .> +n .G t2ng Z0?n gii? cc tVn
hi0 b h?i ?nt_n nhv.
Nhy tn:
6i ph? .inh A?i+_! m0 ph?.inh ph* th0c vo t/n 9C nghn? +
cht tApng ph?.inh gqF A? b cc v8 tAV <hc nh?0 .Ci vi cc t/n 9C <hc
nh?0. ]h v(F t? c- thG th?F .Ii t/n 9C 9-ng m?ng tAong mt 9C t/n
9C <hi c0c gci .?ng tiRn hnh! <hi gfp cht tApng ph?.inh ch; mt
ph/n thng tin '8 m3t.
M ho knh:
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b cng th,i gi?n nh T9$ b .,ng +n. Th,i gi?n d8ch + '? <h_ th,i gi?n.
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#h$ng H& \g(A6n t]c " ;ng t=n 1
^ #c trng h<p v th8 t;c thng tin^
H&%& \g(A6n t]c 1 ;ng t=n 1 th[o chia
H&%&%& " ;ng t=n 1
Thng tin di .ng '8 hn chR v5 t/n 9C! v4 v(F 9: d*ng hi0
Z0q t/n 9C v t0FRn + FR0 tC Z0?n tAcng nh3t .G ph*c v* cng nhi50
th0 '?o cng tCt. ]g,i t? .U .? A? cc ph2ng php 9?0 .G 9: d*ng
hi0 Z0q t/n 9C:
B' MhA
867ng
dKn
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( 1 D F B ' W T ( 1 D F B ' W T e
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# Giqm . Ang 'Png t/n c>? mt <nh cng nhi50 cng tCt.
# S: d*ng hi0 Z0q cc <nh v t0FRn 'hng cch to A? <hq nPng
cho
nhi50 ./0 c0Ci 9: d*ng ch0ng nhi50 <nh v t0FRn tAong mt v
t0FRn.
# S: d*ng +i t/n 9C .U dng tAong mt vo mt v t0FRn 'hng
cch
gii cc nF cch nh?0 +n h2n mt <hoqng cch nh3t .8nh.
# Cc tiG0 ho <Vch thc .
H&%&4& " ti 1 ;ng t=n 1 tr6n *ng
3&%&4&%& #$ 1_ /R th(ANt
]g0Fn +V c2 9b <hi thiRt <R cc h thCng tI ong + cc m0 .ac
gci + cc m0 9: d*ng +i t/n 9C.
Th_o .8nh nghn? th4 m0 9: d*ng +i t/n 9C + 9: d*ng cc
<nh v t0FRn tAn cng mt t/n 9C m?ng .G ph> cho cc vng .8? +V
<hc nh?0. Cc vng nF phqi .ac cch nh?0 b c +i .> +n .G mci nhil0
gi?o tho? .ng <nh ch3p nh(n .ac.
]R0 c- thG 'iRt tAc! mt .fc 'it 9r 9: d*ng nhing <nh m
cpng .ac dng tAong nhing <hc! ti mt <hoqng cch 9: d*ng +i.
T-m +i mWc . '?o ph> c2 'qn .ac gii hn 'bi .i50 nF nhi50
h2n nhi50 t\ tVn hi0 tA,ng ngoi. )t v3n .5 tAong thiRt <R h
thCng C_++0+?A + .i50 <hiGn nhil0 nF .Rn mWc . ch3p nh(n .ac.
]- c- thG +m .ac 'hng 9 .i50 <hiGn <hoqng cch ti 9: d*ng <nh.
`hi <hoqng cch nF cng +n 90F A? mWc . nhil0 cng Vt.
)Wc . tVn hi0 th0 .ac C c>? 9-ng m?ng mong m0Cn 9r c?o
h2n mWc . nhil0 T c>? t3t cq cc <nh v mWc . nhil0 N c>? cc
<nh +En c(n. S hot .ng c>? tVn hi0 th0 mong m0Cn 9r c?o h2n 9
hot .ng c>? tVn hi0 phqn g K.
]hing gi tA8 .ac tiRn c: h thCng GS) + : C{N #L dJ C{T
"%dJ.
C{N: `hi " t/n 9C .ac ti 9: d*ng nh m h4nh M{L th4 mt 9C nPng
+ang c>? t/n 9C +En c(n 9r +ct A? ngoi ph*c v* v + ng0Fn nhEn
nhil0. S +in h gii? tVn hi0 nhil0 v tVn hi0 hi0 Vch + t; 9C
C{N.
H&%&4&4& MX( 1 ;ng /i t=n 1
S: d*ng +i t/n 9C + 9: d*ng cc <nh v t0FRn b cng mt t/n 9C
m?ng .G ph> cho cc vng .8? +Q <hc nh?0. Cc vng nF phqi .ac
cch nh?0 b c
+F .> +n .G mci nhil0 gi?o tho? .ng <nh ch3p nh(n .ac.
]R0 ton ' 9C <nh Z0F .8nh ] .ac chi? thnh nh-m th4 mti
nh-m 9r chW? ]{ <nh. 64 tIng 9C <nh ] + cC .8nh nn 9C nh-m
t/n 9C nhv h2n 9r dn .Rn nhi50 <nh h2n b mt nh-m v b mt .i
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'o co thc t(p
tAm. 64 v(F vic giqm 9C +ang cc nh-m t/n 9C 9r cho ph7p mti .i
tAm tPng +0 +ang nh, v(F giqm tIng 9C cc .i tAm c/n thiRt cho tqi + #
0 +ang .8nh tAc. T0F nhin giqm 9C +ang cc nh-m t/n 9C v giqm c +F
.ng <nh 9r dn .Rn phEn 'C C{T tA0ng '4nh th3p h2n b h thCng.
C- '? <iG0 m0 9: d*ng +i t/n 9C phI 'iRn +: D{$"! 1{"$ v M{L
9: d*ng cho cc tAm gCc c- ?nt_n pht M hng! mti hng dnh cho mt
v g-c ph2ng v8 phEn cch nh?0 "$%
%
. )ti 9: d*ng cc ?nt_n pht
@%
%
v h?i ?nt_n th0 phEn t(p @%
%
cho mt g-c ph2ng v8. )ti .ac
g3p g; ho + h4nh +*c gic! c- 'n <Vnh K x'hng cnh h4nh +*c gic v
'hng "{M <hoqng cch gii? cc tAmy.
T? coi +0 +ang phEn 'C .ng nh3t b cc . J4nh th,ng <Vch thc
.ac gc .8nh nh + <hoqng cch gii? h?i .i tAm +En c(n.
S2 . M{L 9: d*ng cc nh-m L t/n 9C! tAong mt m0 9: d*ng
+i t/n 9C M .i tAm:
H4nh @. )0 M{L
S2 . 1{"$ 9: d*ng cc nh-m "$ t/n 9C! tAong mt m0 9:
d*ng +i t/n 9C 1 .i:

H4nh H. )0 1{"$
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S2 . D{$" 9: d*ng cc nh-m $" t/n 9C! tAong mt m0 9:
d*ng +i t/n 9C D .i nh 9?0:
H4nh D. )0 D{$"
TAong thc tR! do 9 tPng tAbng d0ng +ang <hng ng\ng tAong mt
no .- ti mWc ch3t +ang ph*c v* giqm 9Bt Z0 mWc! ng,i t? phqi thc
hin vic chi? tch thnh cc nhv h2n. 6i chBng! ng,i t? dng cng
903t nhv h2n v m0 9: d*ng +i t/n 9C .ac dng b to + gVch nhv h2n.
Thng th,ng cc c0c gci c- thG <hng gong tAong mt x" c_++y!
v4 v(F h thCng thng tin di .ng tR 'o phqi c- <hq nPng .i50
<hiGn! ch0FGn mch .G ch0FGn gi?o c0c gci t\ nF 9?ng <hc m
c0c gci .ac ch0FGn gi?o <hng '8 qnh hbng g4. 0 c/0 .- +m cho
mng di .ng c- c30 tABc <hc 'it vi cc mng cC .8nh.
H&4& #c trng h<p v th8 t;c thng tin
H&4&%& TCng U(an
TAc <hi <hqo 9t cc th> t*c thng tin <hc nh?0! hUF <hqo 9t cc
t4nh h0Cng .fc 'it c>? " PL)] c- t3t cq cc th0 '?o di .ng! v4
thR t? Z0?n 9t )S b mt 9C t4nh h0Cng 9?0:
Q #[t m4:
)ng 9r <hng thG tiRp c(n .Rn mF v4 )S <hng tAq +,i thng
'o t4m gci. ]- 9r <hng 'o cho h thCng v5 vng .8nh v8 xnu c]y
v )S 9r .ac coi + A,i mng.
Q J6 bIt m4K t/ng thi /`i:
M%
'o co thc t(p
H thCng c- thG t4m gci )S thnh cng! )S .ac coi + nh(p
mng. TAong <hi ch0FGn .ng! )S +0n <iGm tA? Ahng n- .ac nCi .Rn
mt <nh Z0qng ' .ac th0 pht tCt nh3t. u0 tA4nh nF .ac gci + +0
.ngxKo?mingy. )S c/n thng 'o cho h thCng v5 cc th?F .Ii vng
.8nh v8! Z0 tA4nh nF .ac gci + c(p nh(t v8 tAV.
Q J6 bIn:
)ng v t0FRn c- mt <nh thng tin xknh tingy dnh cho +0ng
9C +i0 ti v t\ )S tAong Z0 tA4nh ch0FGn .ng )S phqi c- <hq nPng
ch0FGn .Rn mt <nh thng tin <hc. u0 tA4nh nF .ac gci + ch0FGn
gi?o xSandov!/y. kG Z0FRt .8nh ch0FGn gi?o h thCng phqi diln giqi
thng tin nh(n .0ac t\ )S v JTS. u0 tA4nh nF .ac gci + .8nh v8.
H&4&4& F( ng v cp nht v0 trR3
Coi Ahng )S b tAng thi tVch cc! Ati v .?ng ch0FGn .ng th_o
mt ph2ng +in t*c )S .ac <ho .Rn mt t/n 9C v t0FRn nh3t .8nh
c- CCCH v JCH b TS
o
. `hi )S A,i g? JTS nCi vi n- c,ng . tVn hi0
9r giqm. b mt th,i .iGm no .- <hng g? 'in gii +Q th0FRt gii? h?i
+En c(n nh?0 c,ng . ti mWc m )S Z0FRt .8nh ch0FGn .Rn mt
t/n 9C mi th0c mt tAong cc +En c(n n-. kG chcn t/n 9C tCt nh3t
n- +in t*c .o c,ng . tVn hi0 c>? t\ng t/n 9C tAong 9C t/n 9C nh3t
.8nh c>? +En c(n. Th,ng )S phqi t4m .ac t/n 9C JCH{CCCH t\
JTS c- c,ng . tVn hi0 tCt h2n t/n 9C cp. S?0 <hi t <ho .Rn t/n
9C mi nF! )S tiRp t*c nh(n thng '?o t4m gci cc thng 'o Z0qng '
ch\ng no tVn hi0 c>? t/n 9C mi vn .> tCt. u0FRt .8nh vic th?F
.Ii t/n 9C JCH{CCCH 9r .ac thc hin m <hng c/n thng 'o cho
mng. ]ghn? + mng mft .3t <hng th?m gi? vo Z0 tA4nh nF.
`hq nPng ch0FGn .ng v .8nh .ng th,i vi vic th?F .Ii nCi
thng )S b gi?o tiRp v t0FRn ti th,i .iGm c/n thiRt .G .qm 'qo
ch3t +ang th0 .ac gci + +0 .ng Ko?ming.
Q Khi J6 chu4Tn ng n gia hai c!ll thuc a 5#6 khc nhau:
T? 'iRt Ahng )S <hng h5 'iRt c30 h4nh c>? mng chW? n-. kG
g:i cho )S thng tin v5 v8 tAV chVnh gc c>? n- h thCng g:i .i nh(n
dng vng .8nh v8 xLNTy +in t*c b gi?o tiRp v t0FRn 'hng JCCH.
`hi .i vo c_++ th0c JSC <hc )S 9r nh(n th3F vng mi 'hng
cch th0 JCCH. 64 thng tin v5 v8 tAV c- t/m Z0?n tAcng +n nn mng
phqi thng 'o v5 9 th?F .Ii nF! b .in thoi di .ng Z0 tA4nh nF
.ac gci + .Png <Q csng 'Wc. )S <hng c[n cch no <hc + phqi cC
g^ng thEm nh(p vo mng .G c(p nh(t v8 tAV c>? m4nh b )SC{6LK.
u0 tA4nh nF .ac gci + c(p nh(t v8 tAV.
S?0 <hi .U pht v8 tAV mi c>? m4nh +n mng! )S tiRp t*c
ch0FGn .ng b tAong vng mi nh .U m tq b tAn.
Q Khi J6 chu4Tn ng gia hai vbng "h=c v= khc nhau:
TAong tA,ng hap c- mt c0c gci vo cho )S! vic ch0FGn t\ mt
vng ph*c v* )SC{6LK nF 9?ng mt vng ph*c v* )SC{6LK <hc c-
nghn? + t0FRn thng tin .i Z0? mng cpng 9r <hc. kG t4m .ac .8nh
t0FRn .Bng! h thCng phqi th?m <hqo ' ghi .8nh v8 th,ng tAB HLK
M"
'o co thc t(p
v4 thR )SC{6LK 9r phqi c(p nh(t HLK v5 v8 tAV c>? )SC{6LK cho
)S c>? chBng t?.
u0 tA4nh c(p nh(t v8 tAV nh 9?0:

S?0 <hi c(p nh(t v8 tAV thnh cng b HLK h thCng 9r h0o 'v
v8 tAV cp! HLK thng 'o h0o 'v v8 tAV cho tIng .i )SC{6LK cp .G
go v8 tAV cp c>? )S c- +in Z0?n.
H&4&H& Th8 t;c nhp *ng :ng kM /=n =(
`hi )S '(t mF n- 9r Z07t gi?o tiRp v t0FRn .G t4m A? t/n 9C
.Bng! t/n 9C m )S t4m <iRm 9r chW? thng tin Z0qng ' cpng nh
thng tin t4m gci JCH{CCCH c- thG c-. )S t <ho .Rn t/n 9C .Bng
nh, vic hi0 ch;nh t/n 9C th0 v thng tin .ng '
64 .EF + +/n ./0 )S 9: d*ng nn ph/n mng ch80 tAch
nhim g: +Q thng tin ti { t\ )S hon ton <hng c- thng tin v5 )S
nF! )S <hng c- ch; th8 no v5 nh(n dng vng .8nh v8 mi . `hi
)S cC g^ng thEm nh(p ti mng v thng 'o vi h thCng Ahng n- +
)S mi b vng .8nh v8 nF 'hng cch g:i .i mt thng 'o C(p nh(t
v8 tAV mng .Rn )SC{6LK.
T\ gi, tAb .i )SC{6LK 9r coi Ahng )S hot .ng v .nh d30 tA#
,ng di +i0 c>? )S nF 'hng " c, nh(p mng c, nF +in Z0?n .Rn
T)ST.
H&4&I& Th8 t;c ri *ng
Th> t*c A,i mng +in Z0?n .Rn T)ST. Th> t*c A,i mng c>? T)ST
cho ph7p thng 'o vi mng Ahng th0 '?o di .ng 9r t^t ng0n ! +Bc
nF t4m gci )S 'hng thng 'o t4m gci 9r <hng gqF A?.
)t )S b tAng thi hot .ng .ac .nh d30 + .U nh(p mng.
`hi t^t ng0n )S g:i thng 'o c0Ci cng .Rn mng! thng 'o nF
chW? F0 c/0 th> t*c A,i mng. `hi th0 .ac thng 'o A,i mng )SC{6LK
.nh d30 c, T)ST .U A,i mng t2ng Wng.
MSC
HLR
VLR
MSC
VLR
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:T< t/f, nh\n
;R#
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nh\t a0 t*9
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t*9
:1< gK$ 2h$ nh\t
a0 t*9
:B< Cng nh\n
2\, nh\t a0 t*9
M$
'o co thc t(p
H&4&L& T)* gi
C0c gci .Rn )S .ac .8nh t0FRn .Rn )SC{6LK n2i )S .Png
<Q. `hi .- )SC{6LK 9r g:i .i mt thng 'o t4m gci .Rn )S! thng
'o nF .ac pht Z0qng ' tAn ton ' vng .8nh v8 LN nghn? + t3t cq
cc JTS tAong LN 9r g:i thng 'o t4m gci )S. `hi ch0FGn .ng b LN
v ngh_ thng tin CCCH )S 9r ngh_ th3F thng 'o t4m gci v tAq
+,i ng?F +(p tWc.
H&4&`& !i tW M"
Giq 9: )S Ati v m0Cn thiRt +(p mt c0c gci! th0 '?o nF 9r
Z0?F t3t cq cc chi 9C c>? th0 '?o '8 gci v '^t ./0 th> t*c nF
'hng cch 3n phVm pht . `hi nF )S g:i .i mt thng 'o ./0 tin
.Rn mng 'hng CCCH .G F0 c/0 thEm nh(p . TAc hRt )SC{6LK 9r
ginh Aing cho )S mt <nh Aing ! <iGm tA? thG +oi c>? th0 '?o '8
gci v .nh d30 th0 '?o nF b tAng thi '(n . ]R0 th0 '?o gci .ac
ph7p 9: d*ng mng )SC{6LK 9r cng nh(n F0 c/0 thEm nh(p . JEF
gi, )S 9r g:i .i mt thng 'o .G thiRt +(p c0c gci! t0j th_o th0 '?o
'8 gci + cC .8nh h?F di .ng 9C c>? n- 9r .ac phEn tVch tAc tiRp b
)SC{6LK hofc g:i .Rn mt tIng .i ch0FGn tiRp c>? mng PST]
cC .8nh . ]g?F <hi .,ng nCi .Rn th0 '?o '8 gci .U 9n 9ng thng
'o thiRt +(p c0c gci 9r .ac cng nh(n! )S cpng 9r .ac ch0FGn .Rn
mt <nh thng tin Aing. JEF gi, tVn hi0 c0Ci cng 9r + 9 <hng
.8nh th0 '?o.
H&4&a& !i Nn th(6 bao M"
Giq 9: c- mt th0 '?o N th0c mng cC .8nh PST] F0 c/0
thiRt +(p c0c gci vi th0 '?o J th0c mng di .ng.
# Th0 '?o N Z0?F mU n2i nh(n tAong nc .G .t ti vng
GS){PL)]. ]Ci thng .ac thiRt +(p t\ tIng .i ni ht c>? th0 '?o N
.Rn G)SC c>? mng GS){PL)].
# Th0 '?o N Z0?F 9C c>? th0 '?o J! 9C th0 '?o .ac phEn tVch
b G)SC. Jhng chWc nPng hvi .p G)SC g:i )STSd] cng vi F0 c/0
v5 9C +0 .ng x)SK]y .Rn ' ghi .8nh v8 th,ng tAB xHLKy
# HLK d8ch 9C th0 '?o c>? )S .ac Z0?F vo nh(n dng
GS){PL)]: )STSd] T)ST
# HLK ch; cho )S vng ph*c v* v g:i T)ST c>? )S .Rn 6LK
c>? vng ph*c v* .ng th,i F0 c/0 v5 )SK].
# 6LK 9r tm th,i gn 9C +0 .ng )SK] cho th0 '?o '8 gci v
g:i n- ngac tAb v5 HLK! HLK 9r g:i n- v5 tIng .i cIng G)SC.
# `hi nh(n .ac )SK] .Bng tIng .i G)SC 9r c- <hq nPng thiRt
+(p c0c gci .Rn vng ph*c v* )SC{6LK n2i th0 '?o J hin .?ng c-
mft.
# 6LK 9r ch; cho th0 '?o nF vng .8nh v8 xLNTy b gi?i .on
Z0 tA4nh thiRt +(p c0c gci h thCng m0Cn Ahng thng 'o t4m gci th0
'?o '8 gci .ac pht Z0qng ' tAn vng ph> 9-ng c>? t3t cq cc c>?
MM
'o co thc t(p
vng .8nh v8 nF. 64 v(F )SC{6LK g:i thng 'o t4m gci .Rn t3t cq
cc JTS tAong vng .8nh v8.
# `hi nh(n .ac thng tin t4m gci! JTS 9r pht n- +n .[ng v
t0FRn b <nh t4m gci PCH. `hi )S b tAng thi Ati v ngh_ b <nh PCH
c>? mt tAong 9C cc th0c vng .8nh v8 LN! n- 9r nh(n thng tin
t4m gci ! nh(n 'iRt dng T)ST v g:i tAq +,i v5 thng 'o t4m gci.
# S?0 cc th> t*c v5 thiRt +(p c0c gci v 9?0 <hi .U gn cho mt
<nh thng tin c0c gci n-i tAn .ac nCi thng .Rn )S b <nh v t0FRn.
H&4&b% #(c gi ang tiNn hnhc 0nh v0
JEF gi, t? g_m g7t .i50 g4 9r gqF A? <hi mt tAm di .ng b tAng
thi '(n ch0FGn .ng g? d/n JTS m n- nCi .Rn b .,ng v t0FRn.
]h t? v\? th3F )S 9: d*ng mt <nh TCH Aing .G tA?o .Ii 9C
+i0{tVn hi0 c>? m4nh vi mng. `hi cng A,i g? JTS! 90F h?o .,ng
tA0F5n cpng nh qnh hbng c>? ph?dinh 9r +m hvng ch3t +ang tA0F5n
dn v t0FRn 9C. T0F nhin h thCng c- <hq nPng .qm 'qo ch0FGn
9?ng JTS 'n cnh.
u0 tA4nh th?F .Ii .Rn mt <nh thng tin mi tAong Z0 tA4nh
thiRt +(p c0c gci h?F b tAng thi '(n .ac gci + ch0FGn gi?o. )ng 9r
Z0FRt .8nh v5 9 th?F .Ii nF. )S g:i cc thng tin +in Z0?n .Rn c#
,ng . tVn hi0 v ch3t +ang tA0F5n dn .Rn JTS Z0 tA4nh nF .ac
gci + c(p nh(t. )S v mng c- <hq nPng tA?o .Ii thng tin v5 'o
hi0 tAong Z0 tA4nh c0c gci .G c- thG .ng ' ch0FGn vng. TAong
Z0 tA4nh hi thoi b <nh TCH dnh Aing! )S phqi t(p tA0ng +n TCH
nF v4 thR <hng thG mt <nh <hc dnh Aing cho 'o hi0. )t +Q do
<hc ni? + 9C +ang <nh c- hn nn h thCng <hng 9: d*ng $ <nh cho
cng mt hng! vic tI chWc tA0F5n dn 9C +i0 tAn <nh TCH 9?o cho
c0c n-i ch0Fn cpng nh thng tin v5 'o hi0 .ac g:i .i tAn " <nh.
L0ng 9C +i0 9r .ac pht .i th_o mt tA4nh t chVnh gc .G cq )S +n
JTS c- thG phEn 'it gii? c0c n-i ch0Fn v cc thng tin 'o hi0.
JEF gi, t? Z0?F +i vic .8nh v8! tAc hRt JTS 9r thng 'o cho
)S v5 cc JTS +En c(n v cc t/n 9C JCH{CCCH. ]h, thng tin nF
)S c- thG .o c,ng . tVn hi0 b cc t/n 9C JCH{CCCH c>? tAm gCc
+En c(n! )S .o cq c,ng . tVn hi0 +n ch3t +ang tA0F5n dn b TCH
'(n c>? m4nh. T3t cq cc <Rt Z0q .o nF .ac g:i .Rn mng .G
phEn tVch 9E0 h2n. C0Ci cng JTS 9r Z0FRt .8nh ch0FGn vng. JSC
9r phEn tVch cc <Rt Z0q .o do JTS thc hin b TCH '(n . T-m +i
JSC 9r giqi Z0FRt $ v3n .5 :
w `hi no c/n thc hin ch0FGn vng
w Phqi thc hin ch0FGn vng ti JTS no
S?0 <hi .nh gi chVnh gc t4nh h0Cng v '^t ./0 Z0 tA4nh
ch0FGn vng! JSC 9r ch80 tAch nhim thiRt +(p mt .,ng nCi thng
.Rn JTS mi. C- cc tA,ng hap ch0FGn vng 9?0:
Q ,hu4Tn giao t/ong vbng ^ 56,:
M1
'o co thc t(p
b tA,ng hap nF JSC phqi thiRt +(p mt .,ng nCi .Rn JTS mi!
dnh Aing mt TCH c>? m4nh v A? +nh cho )S phqi ch0FGn .Rn "
t/n 9C mi .ng th,i cpng ch; A? mt TCH mi. T4nh h0Cng nF <hng
.[i hvi thng tin g:i .Rn ph/n c[n +i c>? mng. S?0 <hi ch0FGn gi?o
)S phqi nh(n .ac cc thng tin mi v cc +En c(n. ]R0 nh vic th?F
.Ii .Rn JTS mi cpng + th?F .Ii vng .8nh v8 th4 )S 9r thng 'o
cho mng v5 LNT mi c>? m4nh v F0 c/0 c(p nh(t v8 tAV.
Q ,hu4Tn giao gia hai 56, khc nhau nh ng cbng mt J6,8;c%:
TA,ng hap nF cho th3F 9 ch0FGn gi?o tAong cng mt vng ph*c
v* nhng gii? h?i JSC <hc nh?0. )ng c?n thip nhi50 h2n <hi Z0FRt
.8nh ch0FGn gi?o. JSC phqi F0 c/0 ch0FGn gi?o t\ )SC{6LK. S?0
.- c- mt .,ng nCi thng mi x)SC{6LK JSC mi JTS miy phqi
.ac thiRt +(p v nR0 c- TCH Ati! TCH nF phqi .ac dnh cho ch0FGn
gi?o. S?0 .- <hi )S nh(n .ac +nh ch0FGn .Rn t/n 9C mi v TCH
mi. ]goi A? 9?0 <hi ch0FGn gi?o )S .ac thng 'o v5 cc +En c(n
mi. ]R0 vic nF th?F .Ii JTS .i cng vi vic th?F .Ii vng .8nh
v8 )S 9r g:i .i F0 c/0 c(p nh(t v8 tAV tAong Z0 tA4nh c0c gci h?F
9?0 c0c gci.
Q ,hu4Tn giao gia hai vbng "h=c v= J6,8;c%:
kEF + tA,ng hap ch0FGn gi?o phWc tp nh3t nhi50 tVn hi0 .ac
tA?o .Ii nh3t tAc <hi thc hin ch0FGn gi?o.
T? 9r g7t $ )SC{6LK. Gci )SC{6LK cp xth?m gi? c0c gci tAc
<hi ch0FGn gi?oy + tIng .i ph*c v* v )SC{6LK mi + tIng .i
.Vch. TIng .i cp 9r g:i F0 c/0 ch0FGn gi?o .Rn tIng .i .Vch
9?0 .- tIng .i .Vch 9r .qm nh(n vic ch0}n '8 nCi gh7p ti JTS
mi. S?0 <hi thiRt +(p .,ng nCi gii? h?i tIng .i tIng .i cp 9r g:i .i
+nh ch0FGn gi?o .Rn )S.
M&
'o co thc t(p
#h$ng I& cc 0ch v; c8a g1*
I&%& d0ch v; thoi
L d8ch v* Z0?n tAcng nh3t c>? GS). ]- cho ph7p cc c0c gci
h?i hng diln A? gii? ng,i 9: d*ng GS) vi th0 '?o '3t <j b mt mng
.in thoi n-i ch0ng no. TCc . tA0F5n thoi tAong GS) + "M<'p9.
d8ch v* c0c gci <h}n + mt +oi d8ch v* <hc '^t ng0n t\
d8ch v* thoi. ]- cho ph7p ng,i dng c- thG +in +c vi cc d8ch v*
<h}n c3p nh cqnh 9t h?F cW0 hoq m c- thG c- h?F <hng c- ST)
c?Ad tAong mF di .ng.
I&4& d0ch v; 1 /i(
GS) .ac thiRt <R .G .? A? A3t nhi50 d8ch v* 9C +i0. Cc d8ch
v* 9C +i0 .ac phEn 'it vi nh?0 'bi ng,i 9: d*ng ph2ng tin xng,i 9:
d*ng cc mng .in thoi PST]! TSd]!y! 'bi 'qn ch3t cc +0ng thng
tin ./0 c0Ci xdi +i0 th! ~?g! vid_ot_g! t_+_t_gy! 'bi ph2ng tin
tA0F5n dn xg-i h?F mch! .ng ' h?F <hng .ng 'y v 'bi 'qn
ch3t thiRt '8 ./0 c0Ci.
TCc . tA0F5n 9C +i0 tAn mng GS) + L!@<'p9.
I&H& d0ch v; nh]n tin ng]n "M"
L mt +oi d8ch v* 9C +i0. d8ch v* nh^n tin ng^n S)S cho
ph7p cc th0 '?o GS) g:i cho nh?0 cc 'qn tin chi di <hng Z0 "@%
<V t.
C- thG 9: d*ng mt tA0ng tEm d8ch v* .G mt th0 '?o .cc
'qn tin .Rn .-. S?0 .- 'qn tin 9r .ac pht .Rn th0 '?o. ]R0 th0 '?o
b ngoi vng ph> c>? h thCng h?F t^t ng0n! 'qn tin 9r .ac +0 gii v
g:i .T <hi th0 '?o +i 9n 9ng. C- thG th0 h?F g:i .i cc thng 'o
ng^n b tAng thT Ati h?F tAong Z0 tA4nh c0c gci.
I&I& d0ch v; eap
d8ch v* e?p .ac '^t ./0 gEF dng v tAiGn <h?i +/n ./0 tin
cch .EF '? nPm x vo gii? nPm "LLDy. d8ch v* gi?o thWc Wng d*ng
<hng .EF xe?py ngF n?F .U tAb nn phI 'iRn. Ti0 chV c>? d8ch v*
A3t .2n giqn: cho ph7p th0 '?o dng .in thoi di .ng! mF nh^n tin
hofc nhing thiRt '8 viln thng <hc c- ht tAa e?p c- thG tA0F c(p
mt cch c- gii hn vo cc tA?ng _d .G g_m thng tin v5 th8 tA,ng
chWng <hon! g_m tin tWc! g:i v nh(n _m?i+ v.v
)fc d e?p 9: d*ng cc cng ngh v <hi nim t\ thR gii _d
v Tnt_An_t nhng cc thiRt '8 e?p <hng thG tA0F c(p tAc tiRp vo cc
ng0n ti ng0Fn _d tAn Tnt_An_t m phqi nh, Z0? e?p g?t_?F.
M@
'o co thc t(p
I&L& #c 0ch v; *+i c8a !"M 4cL!
C0Ci nPm $%%M cc nh c0ng c3p d8ch v* .in thoi di .ng b
6it ]?m .U .? A? h?i d8ch v* mi tAn n5n GS) $!&G + d8ch v* v
t0FRn g-i ch0ng xGPKSy v nh^n tin .? ph2ng tin x))Sy.
Uch v= v- tu4n g]i chung +LN%6: L!n!/al Nack!t %adio
6!/vic!7:
GPKS + d8ch v* tA0F5n di +i0 ch0FGn mch g-i .ac pht tAiGn
tAn n5n tqng cng ngh GS)! cho ph7p ng,i dng c- thG ch0FGn cc
g-i di +i0
tCc . c?o Z0? mF di .ng. do v(F GPKS 9r + n5n tqng cho vic
pht tAiGn
cc Wng d*ng th2ng mi di .ng v d8ch v* ))S! tA0F c(p eNP#
Tnt_An_t tCc . c?o. GPKS cho ph7p tA0F5n di +i0 c- thG .t ti
"D"!$<'p9.
Uch v= nh[n tin a "hdng ti3n +JJ6: Jultim!dia J!))aging
6!/vic!7:
d8ch v* nh^n tin .? ph2ng tin ))S cho ph7p nhing ng,i
dng .in thoi di .ng c- thG tA?o .Ii nhing 'Wc qnh tnnh xPGy
hofc cc h4nh .ng xGTy! Em th?nh hofc gicng n-i! nhing .on
vid_o xStA_?ming vid_oy v vPn 'qn +n .Rn "%%% <V t. 6i d8ch v*
))S! cc tin nh^n <hng ch; .ac g:i gii? cc mF .in thoi di .ng
m c[n t\ mF .in thoi di .ng g:i .Rn _m?i+ v ngac +i.

MD
'o co thc t(p
KNt /(n
)ng thng tin di .ng 9C .U v .?ng pht tAiGn hRt 9Wc nh?nh
ch-ng. ]- cng cc d8ch v* <hc .U g-p mt ph/n <hng nhv tAong
cng c0c hin .i mng viln thng 6it ]?m. 64 v(F vic nghin cW0
mng thng tin di .ng + hRt 9Wc c/n thVt.
T0F nhin .EF + mt mqng .5 ti +n v vi th,i gi?n thc t(p
h2n mt thng nn ti ch; mi d\ng b mWc .5 c(p tIng Z0?n. Ti hF
vcng 9r pht tAiGn .5 ti nF Ang h2n tAong . n tCt nghip vi tAcng
tEm vo cc d8ch v* mi c>? GS) $!&G.
)t +/n ni? ti gin 'F tv +[ng 'iRt 2n 9E0 9^c ti TS. Phm
Cng Hng v ton thG cc <= 9 ti ph[ng <= th0(t cng tF 6)S .U giBp
.s ti hon thnh 'qn 'o co nF.
MH
'o co thc t(p

?h; /;c3 #c tW viNt t]t

NJ Ncc_99 J0A9t C*m tA0F nh(p
NGCH Ncc_99 GA?nt Ch?nn_+ `nh cho ph7p tA0F nh(p
N)PS Ndv?nc_d )o'i+_ Phon_
SF9t_m
H thCng .in thoi di
.ng tin tiRn
NKu N0tom?tic K_p_?t K_Z0_9t 0 c/0 +fp +i t .ng
NOC N0th_ntic?tion C_nt_A TA0ng tEm nh(n thc
JCCH JAo?dc?9t ContAo+ Ch?nn_+ `nh .i50 <hiGn Z0qng '
JCH JAo?dc?9t Ch?nn_+ `nh Z0qng '
JSK Jit SAAoA K?t_ To 9C 'it +ti
JSC J?9_ St?tion ContAo++_A J .i50 <hiGn tAm gCc
JSTC J?9_ St?tion Td_ntitF Cod_ )U nh(n dng tAm gCc
JSS J?9_ St?tion SF9t_m H thCng tAm gCc
JTS J?9_ TA?n9c_iv_A St?tion TAm th0 pht gCc
C{N C?AAi_A to ?d?c_nt A?tio To 9C 9-ng m?ng tAn 9-ng
+En c(n
C{T C?AAi_A to int_A~_A_nc_ A?tio
To 9C 9-ng m?ng tAn
nhil0
C{K C?AAi_A to A_~+_ction A?tio To 9C 9-ng m?ng tAn 9-ng
phqn g
CCCH Common ContAo+ Ch?nn_+ `nh .i50 <hiGn ch0ng
CCTTT Tnt_An?tion?+ T_+_gA?ph
T_+_phon_ Con90+t?tiv_
Committ__
Oo '?n t v3n Z0Cc tR v5
.in thoi v .in 'o
CSPd] CiAc0it Sitch_d P0'+ic
d?t? ]_toA<
)ng 9C +i0 cng cng
ch0FGn mch <nh
dCCH d_dic?t_d ContAo+ Ch?nn_+ `nh .i50 <hiGn Aing
dCS
d?t? Comm0nic?tion
S0'9F9t_m PhEn h thng tin 9C +i0
STK SZ0ipm_nt Td_ntitF K_gi9t_A
Th?nh ghi nh(n dng thiRt
'8
STST S0Aop_?n
T_+_comm0nic?tion
6in ti0 ch0}n viln thng
chE0 z0
ML
'o co thc t(p
St?nd?Ad9 Tn9tit0d_
NCCH
?9t N99oci?t_d ContAo+
Ch?nn_+
`nh .i50 <hiGn +in <Rt
nh?nh
J A_Z0_ncF CoAA_ction J0A9t C*m hi0 ch;nh t/n 9C
CCH
A_Z0_ncF CoAA_ction
Ch?nn_+ `nh hi0 ch;nh t/n 9C
d)N A_Z0_ncF divi9ion )0+tip+_
Ncc_99
k? tA0F nh(p phEn chi?
th_o t/n 9C
G)SC G?t_?F )SC )SC cIng
GPKS
G_n_A?+ P?c<_t K?dio
S_Avic_
d8ch v* v t0FRn g-i
ch0ng
GS) G+o'?+ SF9t_m ~oA
)o'i+_ Comm0nic?tion
Thng tin di .ng ton c/0
HLK Hom_ Loc?tion K_gi9t_A
Th?nh ghi .8nh v8 th,ng
tAB
T)ST Tnt_An?tion?+ )o'i+_
SZ0ipm_nt Td_ntitF
]h(n dng thiRt '8 di .ng
Z0Cc tR
T)ST Tnt_An?tion?+ )o'i+_
S0'9cAi'_A Td_ntitF
]h(n dng th0 '?o di
.ng Z0Cc tR
TSd]
Tnt_gA?t_d S_Avic_ digit?+
]_toA< )ng 9C .? d8ch v*
TST Tnt_A9Fm'o+ Tnt_A~_A_nc_
]hil0 gi?o tho? gii? cc <V
hi0
Te Tnt_A eoA<ing 0nction ChWc nPng t2ng tc
LN Loc?tion NA_? 6ng .8nh v8
LNC Loc?tion NA_? Cod_ )U vng .8nh v8
LNT Loc?tion NA_? Td_ntitF ]h(n dng vng .8nh v8
)S )o'i+_ SZ0ipm_nt ThiRt '8 di .ng
))S
)0+tim_di? )_99?ging
S_Avic_
d8ch v* nh^n tin .? ph#
2ng tin
)S )o'i+_ St?tion TAm di .ng
)SC )o'i+_ 9_Avic_9 Sitching
C_nt_A
TA0ng tEm ch0FGn mch
cc d8ch v* di .ng
)STSd
] )o'i+_ St?tion TSd] ]0m'_A SC TSd] tAm di .ng
)SK]
)o'i+_ St?tion Ko?ming
]0m'_A SC +0 .ng tAm di .ng
]J ]oAm?+ J0A9t C*m '4nh th,ng
])T ]oAdic )o'i+_ T_+_phon_ kin thoi di .ng J^c z0
X)C Xp_A?tion ?nd )?int_n?nc_
C_nt_A
TA0ng tEm 'qo dsng v
v(n hnh
1%
'o co thc t(p
XSS
Xp_A?tion ?nd S0ppoAt
SF9t_m H thCng <h?i thc v ht tAa
PCH P?ging Ch?nn_+ `nh t4m gci
PC) P0+9_ Cod_ )od0+?tion ki50 chR g0ng mU
PT]
P_A9on?+ Td_nti~ic?tion
]0m'_A SC nh(n dng c nhEn
PL)] P0'+ic L?nd )o'i+_ ]_toA< )ng di .ng mft .3t
cng cng
PSPd] P?c<_t Sitch P0'+ic d?t?
]_toA<
)ng 9C +i0 cng cng
ch0FGn mch g-i
PST] P0'+ic Sitch_d T_+_phon_
]_toA<
)ng .in thoi ch0FGn
mch cng cng
KNCH K?ndom Ncc_99 Ch?nn_+ `nh tA0F nh(p ng0 nhin
KN]d K?ndom n0m'_A SC ng0 nhin
SNCCH
S+o N99oci?t_d ContAo+
Ch?nn_+
`nh .i50 <hiGn +in <Rt
ch(m
SJ SFnchAoni|?tion J0A9t C*m .ng '
SCH SFnchAoni|?tion Ch?nn_+ `nh .ng '
SdCCH St?nd ?+on_ d_dic?t_d
ContAo+ Ch?nn_+
`nh .i50 <hiGn Aing
.Wng mt m4nh
ST) S0'9cAi'_A Td_ntitF )od0+_ ).0n nh(n dng th0 '?o
S)S ShoAt )_99?g_ S_Avic_ d8ch v* nh^n tin ng^n
SKSS Sign_d K_9pon9_ )(t <h}0
SS Sitching SF9t_m H thCng ch0FGn mch
TNCS Tot?+ Ncc_99
Comm0nic?tion SF9t_m
H thCng thng tin tA0F
nh(p ton '
TCH TA?~~ic Ch?nn_+ `nh +0 +ang
Td)N Tim_ divi9ion )0+tip+_
Ncc_99
k? tA0F nh(p phEn chi?
th_o th,i gi?n
T)] T_+_comm0nic?tion
)?n?g_m_nt ]_toA<
)ng Z0qn +Q viln thng
TKNO TA?n9cod_A{K?t_ Nd?pt?tion
Onit
`hCi ch0FGn .Ii mU v
thVch Wng tCc .
6LK 6i9itoA Loc?tion K_gi9t_A Th?nh ghi .8nh v8 tm tAB
eNP
eiA_+_99 Npp+ic?tion
PAotoco+
Gi?o thWc Wng d*ng <hng
dEF
1"
'o co thc t(p

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