How much sugar is in a can of Coke?

Valentin Uzunov (author) & Gavin Koenig (lab partner)

PSU ID#: 96!""#$$
%he&i'tr( )ab *6! (+ue: ,:"" - !":.")
Abstract
+he 'ugar /ontent o0 a #.. &) /an %o1e ('o0t 2rin1) 3a' anal(ti/all( 2eter&ine2 u'ing a /alibration /urve o0
'ugar an2 3ater 'olution 2en'itie'4 +he 2en'itie' an2 &a'' o0 'ugar 2i''olve2 in ! &) 3ater 3a' 2eter&ine2
b( preparing . 'ugar 'olution' 3ith 2i00erent 2en'itie' ranging bet3een "499" g 5 &) 0or a 3ater onl(
'olution6 to !4".# g 5 &)4 7a/h 'olution ha2 a 'tan2ar2 volu&e o0 ." &)4 8ro& the /alibration re'ult' an
e9uation o0 the tren2 line 3a' evaluate2 4 8ro& 'olving the e9uation 0or 'ugar /ontent in 'olution 0or 2en'it(6
it 3a' appro:i&ate2 that there are #,4# g o0 'ugar per /an o0 %o1e4 +he label on a /an report the 'ugar
/ontent at #9 g per /an4
Introduction
+he purpo'e o0 thi' e:peri&ent 3a' to anal(ti/all( 2eter&ine the &a'' o0 'ugar in a #..&) /an o0
%o1e 0ro& the &ea'ure2 2en'it( o0 %o1e4 +hi' 3a' a//o&pli'he2 b( preparing . 'olution' 3ith variou'
a&ount' o0 'ugar6 bet3een " - , g 2i''olve2 in ." &) o0 2i'tille2 3ater4 8ro& the'e 'tan2ar2 'olution'6 a
/alibration /urve 3a' e'tabli'he2 to repre'ent a relation'hip bet3een the 2en'it( o0 a 'ugar 'olution' an2 it'
the a&ount o0 'ugar 2i''olve24 Den'it( o0 3a' /al/ulate2 u'ing e9uation ;!<
Density =
Mass ( g)
Volume (mL)
=
m
V
;!<
Density of sugar solution =
Mass of sugar solution ( g)
." (mL)
Den'itie' o0 'tan2ar2 'olution' 3ere plotte2 again't &a'' o0 'ugar 2i''olve2 per 'olution on an =>
S/atter plot u'ing ?i/ro'o0t 7:/el 'o0t3are4 @ linear tren2line 3a' 2e0ine2 an2 it' e9uation 2eter&ine2 a' a
0un/tion o0 the line o0 regre''ion bet3een all point' plotte2 ;*<
Density of sugar solution = m
Mass of dissolved sugar (g)
!mL of solution
+ "499!! ;*<
3here m i' the 'lope o0 the tren2 line4 79uation ;*< ha2 to be rearrange2 to 'olve 0or &a'' o0 'ugar 2i''olve2
in ! &) o0 3ater 0ro& the 2en'it( o0 the 'olution4
Mass of dissolved sugar (g / mL) =
Density of sugar solution "499!!
m
;#<
+he 2en'it( o0 %o1e 3a' 2eter&ine2 b( 3eighing ." &) 'olution o0 /o1e 3ith the re'ult' u'e2 to
'olve e9uation ;!<4 +he re'ult 3ere inpute2 in e9uation ;#< 3a' 'olve2 to 2eter&ine the 'ugar /ontent in ! &)
o0 %o1e6 3hen &ultiplie2 b( the volu&e o0 a /an o0 /o1e6 #.. &)6 (iel2 an appro:i&ation o0 the 'ugar
/ontent 0or a /an o0 %o1e
Data
+able !: Den'itie' an2 'ugar /ontent per ! &) o0 'tan2ar2 'ugar 3ater 'olution' an2 %o1e4
Mass of
flask (g)
Mass of
flask +
sugar (g)
Mass of
flask +
solution
(g)
Mass of
sugar (g)
Mass of
solution
(g)
Density of
solution
(g/mL)
Dissolved
sugar per
mL of
solution
(g/mL)
H2O Only 34.819 ---- 84.521 0 49.702 0.9940 0
Flask #1 35.074 36.460 85.057 1.386 49.983 0.9997 0.02772
Flask #2 35.074 38.401 85.744 3.327 50.670 1.013 0.06654
Flask #3 35.074 39.846 86.276 4.772 51.202 1.024 0.09544
Flask #4 35.074 41.978 87.129 6.904 52.055 1.041 0.1381
Flask # 35.074 43.439 87.703 8.365 52.629 1.053 0.1673
!oke 35.074 86.533 51.495 1.030 0.1080
@n intere'ting ob'ervation 3a' &a2e 3hile 'olution' 3ere being &i:e24 @' 3ater an2 the 'ugar 'olution
3ere &i:e26 intere'ting ther&o2(na&i/ pheno&enon /oul2 be ob'erve2 o0 the t3o 'olution' 'ettling4 +he
re'ult' 3a' a 2i'tortion o0 light6 3hi/h &a2e it po''ible to ob'erve the li9ui2' &i:ing 2e'pite both 'olution'
being /olorle''4
Per/ent error 3a' 3or1e2 out u'ing the 0or&ula
percent error =
(Known value Calculated value)
Knownvalue
!""
Results
Figure 1: Calibration curve for the Density of Solution sugar solution as a function of the
concetration of sugar in solution. A linear relationship eists with an e!uation
y " #.$%#& ' #.((&& g ) mL* and a +, value of #.((-..
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
f(x) = 0.3601x + 0.9911
R = 0.9927
Dissolved Sugar per mL of Solution
D
e
n
s
i
t
y

o
f

s
u
g
a
r

s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
A( rea2ing the /alibration /urve the 'ugar /ontent /an 0or /o1e /an be appro:i&ate2 to be !4". g per ! &)4 @
better appro:i&ation 3a' &a2e 'olving e9uation ;#<6 3ith the 2en'it( o0 /o1e a' the 1no3 variable4 +he
/al/ulate2 value 0or the 'ugar /ontent o0 ! &) o0 %o1e 3a' "4!"," g6 e9ual to a 'ugar /ontent o0 #,4#g in
#.. &) /an o0 /o1e4
Discussion
+o /al/ulate the 'ugar /ontent o0 a /an o0 %o1e6 the &o't /ru/ial 'tep i' the /on'tru/tion o0 the
/alibration /urve4 +he /alibration /urve i' 2e'/ribe' a relation'hip bet3een the 2en'it( 'ugar 'olution an2
&a'' o0 'ugar 2i''olve2 3ithin (8igure !)4 +hi' relation'hip i' 3hat 3a' u'e2 to 2eter&ine the &a'' o0 'ugar
0ro& the 2en'it( o0 %o1e4 +hi' illu'trate' the inten'ive propert( o0 2en'it( an2 it' pra/ti/al appli/ation in
anal(ti/al anal('i'4
8ro& the e:peri&ental 2ata /olle/te2 the /al/ulate2 'ugar /ontent o0 at #,4#g per i' in /lo'e
agree&ent 3ith the #9
!
g per /an li'te2 on the /o1e /an label4 +he 2i00erent in reporte2 value an2 the label
value 3a' 2eter&ine2 to be onl( !469*B 2i00eren/e4 +he 2i00eren/e in &ea'ure&ent /oul2 be partiall(
attribute2 the a''u&ption that /o1e i' a//uratel( repre'ente2 a' a 'ugar 'olution4 Co3ever 0ro& the
nutritional 0a/t' label all other /o&ponent' are in negligible 9uantitie' an2 unli1el( to be the 'our/e o0 error4
@ &ore li1el( e:planation 0or the 'our/e o0 error i' /oul2 be 2ue to ran2o& error4 Dan2o& error /oul2 be
average2 out b( per0or&ing &ore trial' 0or 2en'it( o0 /o1e6 an2 preparing &ore 'tan2ar2 'olution4
! EFValue 3a' 2eter&ine2 0ro& nutritional 0a/t' label on a /an o0 /o1e4 )i'te2 a' #9g 'ugar per ! #..&)
'erving