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Generic name Trade name Classification Route Time/Frequency Normal Dosage- 10, 100, 1000, 2000, 5000,

Heparin Sodium Heparin anticoagulant SubQ 10,000, 20000, 40000 units/mL


Indications- Anticoagulant therapy in prophylaxis and treatment of Contraindications/warnings/interactions- Severe thrombocytopenia.
venous thrombosis, prevention of postoperative deep venous
thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients undergoing major
abdominothoracic surgery, Prophylaxis and treatment of
pulmonary embolism, Atrial fibrillation with embolization, Diagnosis
and treatment of acute and chronic consumptive coagulopathies,
Prevention of clotting in arterial and cardiac surgery, Prophylaxis
and treatment of peripheral arterial embolism.
Mechanism of action- exerts direct effect on blood coagulation Common side effects- transient thrombocytopenia, fever, chills, urticaria,
(clotting) by enhancing the inhibitory actions of antithrombin III on pruritus, skin rashes, itching and burning sensation of feet, numbness, tingling of
several factors essential to normal blood clotting, thereby blocking hands and feet, elevated BP
the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin.
Lab value alterations- Hct, Hgb, RBC and platelet counts

Nursing Considerations- Baseline blood coagulation tests, Hct, Hgb, RBC and
platelet counts prior to initiation or therapy and at regular intervals throughout
therapy, Monitor APTT levels closely, Draw blood for coagulation tests 30 min
before each scheduled SC or intermittent IV dose and approximately q4h for pts
receiving continuous IV heparin during dosage adjustments period. After dosage
Interactions with other patient drugs, OTC, or herbal
is established, tests may be done once daily, Pts vary widely in their reaction to
medicines- DRUG INTERACTIONS: may prolong PT, which is
heparin; risk of hemorrhage appears greatest in women, all patients > 60 y, and
used to monitor therapy with oral anticoagulants; aspirin, NSAIDs
patients with liver disease or renal insufficiency, Monitor vitals, report fever, drop
increase risk of bleeding; nitroglycerin IV may decrease in BP, rapid pulse and other S&S of hemorrhage, Observe all needle sites daily for
anticoagulant activity; protamine antagonizes effects of heparin. hematoma and signs of inflammation , Have on hand protamine sulfate, specific
HERBAL INTERACTIONS: feverfew, ginkgo, ginger, valerian may heparin antagonist
potentiate bleeding
Why would you hold or not give this Evaluation- Coag studies, vitals.
med? Coag studies too low,
hemorrhaging

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