3TZ 994D WHEEL LOADER Operacin de Sistemas

Nmero de publicacin RENR2507-00 Fecha de publicacin 1998/10/01 Fecha de

actualizacin 2001/10/02

Transmission
SMCS Code: 3030; 3155; 3160; 3169; 3190
Illustration 34
Transmission Components
(1) Input Shaft
(2) Output Shaft
(3) Hub
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(4) No. 5 Clutch (First Speed)
(5) No. 4 Carrier
(6) No. 4 Clutch (Second Speed)
(7) No. 3 Sun Gear
(8) No. 3 Clutch (Third Speed)
(9) No. 2 and No. 3 Carrier
(10) No. 2 Clutch (Forward)
(11) No. 2 Sun Gear
(12) No. 1 Clutch (Reverse)
(13) Coupling Gear for No. 1 Clutch
(14) Ring Gear
(15) No. 1 Carrier
(16) No. 1 Sun Gear
(17) No. 1 Planetary Gears
(18) No. 4 Sun Gear
(19) No. 4 Planetary Gears
(20) Ring Gear for No. 4 Clutch
(21) No. 3 Planetary Gears
(22) Ring Gear for No. 3 Clutch
(23) Ring Gear for No. 2 Clutch
(24) No. 2 Planetary Gears
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Illustration 35
Clutch Operation
(25) Piston. (26) Spring. (27) Plates. (28) Ring Gear. (29) Discs. (30)
Housing.
The transmission has five hydraulically activated clutches that give three
speeds FORWARD and three speeds REVERSE. Speed and direction are
selected with the STIC.
The five transmission clutches are located in separate housings. Each clutch
has discs (29) and plates (27). The inside teeth of discs (29) are engaged
with the outside teeth of ring gear (28). Notches on the outside diameter of
plates (27) are engaged with pins in the clutch housing. The pins keep the
plates from rotating.
Springs (26) are between clutch housing (30) and piston (25). The springs
keep the clutches disengaged. The clutches are engaged when oil is sent
into the area behind piston (25). The piston moves to the right when the
pressure of the oil increases. The piston moves against the force of spring
(26) and the piston pushes the discs and plates together. The clutch is now
engaged. The discs keep ring gear (28) from rotating. When the clutch is
released, the pressure in the area behind piston (25) decreases and the force
of spring (26) moves the piston to the left. The discs and the plates are now
away from each other. The clutch is not engaged.

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A speed clutch and a direction clutch must be engaged simultaneously in
order to send power through the transmission. Table 1 indicates the
clutches that are engaged for each forward and each reverse speed.
The transmission is fastened to the transfer case at the center of the
machine. Power from the torque converter goes through a drive shaft to the
input transfer gear which drives input shaft (1) of the transmission. Power
flows from the transmission, through output shaft (2) of transmission, and
then to the lower transfer gears.
The No. 1 and No. 2 clutches are located toward the rear of the
transmission. The No. 1 and No. 2 clutches are the direction clutches. The
No. 1 clutch is the reverse direction clutch. The No. 2 clutch is the forward
direction clutch.
The No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 clutches are the speed clutches. The No. 3
clutch gives third speed. The No. 4 clutch gives second speed. The No. 5
clutch gives first speed.
The only clutch that rotates is the No. five clutch.
Operation
Neutral
When the transmission is in neutral, No. 3 clutch (8) is engaged. Clutch (8)
Table 1
Speed Engaged Clutches
First Speed Forward 2 and 5
Second Speed Forward 2 and 4
Third Speed Forward 2 and 3
Neutral 3
First Speed Reverse 1 and 5
Second Speed Reverse 1 and 4
Third Speed Reverse 1 and 3
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holds ring gear (22) stationary. Ring gear (22) is connected to carrier (9).
Because only No. 3 clutch (8) is engaged, input shaft (1) turns and output
shaft (2) stays stationary.
First Speed Forward
Illustration 36
Power Flow in First Speed Forward
(1) Input Shaft
(2) Output Shaft
(3) Hub
(4) No. 5 Clutch (First Speed)
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(5) No. 4 Carrier
(6) No. 4 Clutch (Second Speed)
(7) No. 3 Sun Gear
(8) No. 3 Clutch (Third Speed)
(9) No. 2 and No. 3 Carrier
(10) No. 2 Clutch (Forward)
(11) No. 2 Sun Gear
(12) No. 1 Clutch (Reverse)
(13) Coupling Gear for No. 1 Clutch
(14) Ring Gear
(15) No. 1 Carrier
(16) No. 1 Sun Gear
(17) No. 1 Planetary Gears
(18) No. 4 Sun Gear
(19) No. 4 Planetary Gears
(20) Ring Gear for No. 4 Clutch
(21) No. 3 Planetary Gears
(22) Ring Gear for No. 3 Clutch
(23) Ring Gear for No. 2 Clutch
(24) No. 2 Planetary Gears
When the transmission is in FIRST SPEED FORWARD, Number 5 clutch
(4) and Number 2 clutch (10) are engaged. The Number 2 clutch holds ring
gear (23) stationary. The Number 5 clutch connects rotating hub (3) to
Number 4 carrier (5) and ring gear (22).
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Input shaft (1) turns Number 2 sun gear (11). The Number 2 sun gear turns
planetary gears (24). Because ring gear (23) is held stationary by the
Number 2 clutch, planetary gears (24) move around the inside of the ring
gear. The movement of planetary gears (24) causes No. 2 carrier (9) and
No. 3 carrier (9) to turn in the same direction as input shaft (1).
As carrier (9) turns, planetary gears (21) turn ring gear (22) and sun gear
(7). Sun gear (7) turns output shaft (2).
Ring gear (22) turns carrier (5). Carrier (5) is connected to rotating hub (3)
by the engagement of Number 5 clutch (4). This allows power to travel
from carrier (5) to sun gear (18). The power then travels through Number 5
clutch to rotating hub (3). Sun gear (18) and rotating hub (3) are fastened to
output shaft (2).
As a result, the torque to output shaft (2) is divided between Number 3 sun
gear (7), Number 4 sun gear (18), and rotating hub (3). From the output
shaft, power travels through the output transfer gears to the differentials.
Second Speed Forward
When the transmission is in SECOND SPEED FORWARD, Number 4
clutch (6) and Number 2 clutch (10) are engaged. The Number 2 clutch
holds ring gear (23) for the Number 2 clutch stationary. The Number 4
clutch holds ring gear (20) for the Number 4 clutch stationary. Input shaft
(1) turns Number 2 sun gear (11). Number 2 sun gear turns Number 2
planetary gears (24).
Because ring gear (23) is held stationary by the Number 2 clutch, planetary
gears (24) move around the inside of the ring gear. The movement of
planetary gears (24) causes No. 2 carrier (9) and No. 3 carrier (9) to turn in
the same direction as input shaft (1). As the Number 2 carrier and the
Number 3 carrier turn, Number 3 planetary gears (21) turn. The Number 2
planetary gears turn ring gear (22) for the Number 3 clutch and Number 3
sun gear (7). Number 3 sun gear (7) turns output shaft (2). Ring gear (22)
turns Number 4 carrier (5).
Because ring gear (20) is held stationary by the Number 4 clutch, planetary
gears (19) move around the inside of the ring gear. The movement of
planetary gears (19) causes Number 4 sun gear (18) to turn. The Number 4
sun gear turns output shaft (2).
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As a result, the torque to output shaft (2) is divided between Number 3 sun
gear (7) and Number 4 sun gear (18). From the output shaft, power travels
through the output transfer gears to the differentials.
Third Speed Forward
When the transmission is in THIRD SPEED FORWARD, Number 3 clutch
(8) and Number 2 clutch (10) are engaged. The Number 2 clutch holds ring
gear (23) for the Number 2 clutch stationary. The Number 3 clutch holds
ring gear (22) for the Number 3 clutch stationary. Input shaft (1) turns
Number 2 sun gear (11). Number 2 sun gear turns Number 2 planetary
gears (24).
Because ring gear (23) is held stationary by the Number 2 clutch, planetary
gears (24) move around the inside of the ring gear. The movement of
planetary gears (24) causes No. 2 carrier (9) and No. 3 carrier (9) to turn in
the same direction as input shaft (1).
The movement of No. 2 carrier (9) and No. 3 carrier (9) causes Number 3
planetary gears (21) to move around the inside of ring gear (22) because
ring gear (22) is held stationary by the Number 3 clutch. The movement of
planetary gears (21) causes Number 3 sun gear (7) to turn. The Number 3
sun gear turns output shaft (2). From the output shaft, power travels
through the output transfer gears to the differentials.
First Speed Reverse
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Illustration 37
Power Flow in First Speed Reverse
(1) Input Shaft
(2) Output Shaft
(3) Hub
(4) No. 5 Clutch (First Speed)
(5) No. 4 Carrier
(6) No. 4 Clutch (Second Speed)
(7) No. 3 Sun Gear
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(8) No. 3 Clutch (Third Speed)
(9) No. 2 and No. 3 Carrier
(10) No. 2 Clutch (Forward)
(11) No. 2 Sun Gear
(12) No. 1 Clutch (Reverse)
(13) Coupling Gear for No. 1 Clutch
(14) Ring Gear
(15) No. 1 Carrier
(16) No. 1 Sun Gear
(17) No. 1 Planetary Gears
(18) No. 4 Sun Gear
(19) No. 4 Planetary Gears
(20) Ring Gear for No. 4 Clutch
(21) No. 3 Planetary Gears
(22) Ring Gear for No. 3 Clutch
(23) Ring Gear for No. 2 Clutch
(24) No. 2 Planetary Gears
When the transmission is in FIRST SPEED REVERSE, Number 5 clutch
(4) and Number 1 clutch (12) are engaged. The Number 1 clutch holds
coupling gear (13) stationary. The Number 5 clutch connects rotating hub
(3) and Number 4 carrier (5).
Input shaft (1) turns Number 1 sun gear (16). The Number 1 sun gear turns
planetary gears (17). Number 1 carrier (15) is a direct mechanical
connection with coupling gear (13). Because coupling gear (13) is held
stationary by the Number 1 clutch, Number 1 carrier (15) is also held
stationary. The movement of Number 1 planetary gears (17) causes ring
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gear (14) to turn in the opposite direction as input shaft (1). Ring gear (14)
is a direct mechanical connection with carrier (9).
As carrier (9) turns, planetary gears (21) turn ring gear (22) and sun gear
(7). Sun gear (7) turns output shaft (2).
Ring gear (22) turns carrier (5). Carrier (5) is connected to rotating hub (3)
by the engagement of the Number 5 clutch. This allows power to travel
from carrier (5) to sun gear (18). The power then travels through the
Number 5 clutch to rotating hub (3). Sun gear (18) and rotating hub (3) are
fastened to output shaft (2).
As a result, the torque to output shaft (2) is divided between Number 3 sun
gear (7), Number 4 sun gear (18), and rotating hub (3). From the output
shaft, power travels through the output transfer gears to the differentials.
Second Speed Reverse
When the transmission is in SECOND SPEED REVERSE, Number 4
clutch (6) and Number 1 clutch (12) are engaged. The Number 1 clutch
holds coupling gear (13) stationary. The Number 4 clutch holds ring gear
(20) for the Number 4 clutch stationary. Input shaft (1) turns Number 1 sun
gear (16). The Number 1 sun gear turns Number 1 planetary gears (17).
Number 1 carrier (15) is a direct mechanical connection with coupling gear
(13).
Because coupling gear (13) is held stationary by the Number 1 clutch,
Number 1 carrier (15) is also held stationary. The movement of Number 1
planetary gears (17) causes ring gear (14) to turn in the opposite direction
as input shaft (1). Ring gear (14) is a direct mechanical connection with
carrier (9). As the Number 2 carrier and the Number 3 carrier turn, Number
3 planetary gears (21) turn. The Number 3 planetary gears turn ring gear
(22) for the Number 3 clutch and Number 3 sun gear (7). Number 3 sun
gear (7) turns output shaft (2). Ring gear (22) turns Number 4 carrier (5).
Because ring gear (20) is held stationary by the Number 4 clutch, planetary
gears (19) move around the inside of the ring gear. The movement of
planetary gears (19) causes Number 4 sun gear (18) to turn. The Number 4
sun gear turns output shaft (2).
As a result, the torque to output shaft (2) is divided through Number 3 sun
gear (7) and Number 4 sun gear (18). From the output shaft, power travels
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through the output transfer gears to the differentials.
Third Speed Reverse
When the transmission is in THIRD SPEED REVERSE, Number 3 clutch
(8) and Number 1 clutch (12) are engaged. The Number 1 clutch holds
coupling gear (13) stationary. The Number 3 clutch holds ring gear (22)
stationary. Input shaft (1) turns Number 1 sun gear (16). Number 1 sun gear
turns Number 1 planetary gears (17). Number 1 carrier (15) is a direct
mechanical connection with coupling gear (13).
Because coupling gear (13) is held stationary by the Number 1 clutch,
Number 1 carrier (15) is also held stationary. The movement of Number 1
planetary gear (17) causes ring gear (14) to turn in the opposite direction as
input shaft (1). Ring gear (14) is a direct mechanical connection with
carrier (9).
The movement of carrier (9) causes Number 3 planetary gears (21) to move
around the inside of the ring gear. This occurs because ring gear (22) is
held stationary by the Number 3 clutch. The movement of planetary gears
(21) causes Number 3 sun gear (7) to turn. The Number 3 sun gear turns
output shaft (2). From the output shaft, power travels through the output
transfer gears to the differentials.
Copyright 1991, 2003 Caterpillar Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
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