Derivatives can be related very easily to physics applications.

We can relate it to the position function, usually denoted as s(t) or h(t), the velocity function denoted v(t), and the acceleration function denoted a(t). Notice that are a function of time! Warning!! Warning!! Make sure you understand the difference bet een average and instantaneous. !he average velocity can be described as the change bet een t o points, thus giving you the slope of the line connecting these t o points! While the instantaneous velocity gives you the slope at a single point in time, thus giving you the slope of the tangent line! !hat"s right!! #t"s the derivative!!! Average formulas

Where "s" is the position at any time "t"

#nstantaneous $ormulas v(t) % s"(t) a(t) % v"(t) % s&(t) Where v(t) is the first derivative of the position function and a(t) is the first derivative of the velocity function. 'lso note it is the second derivative of the position function!! (omments v(t) % ) means the ob*ect is not moving. v(t) % + means the ob*ect ould be moving for ard (positive) v(t) % ,- means the ob*ect ould be moving back ard (negative) a(t) % ) means there is no change in the velocity a(t) % . means the ob*ect is going faster (positive) a(t) % ,+ means the ob*ect is slo ing do n. /ample problems 0) s(t) % t- , -). find the average velocity from t % + to t % .. /olution1 2se the average velocity formula!

!herefore, the average velocity is 3 -) $ind the velocity function and the acceleration function for the function s(t) % -t+ 4 .t , 5 /olution1 2se the instantaneous formulas v(t) % s"(t) % 6t- 4 . a(t) % v"(t) % 0-t b) $ind the velocity and acceleration at t % - for the above function. /olution1 /imply replace t ith - in the above formulas v(-) % 6(7) 4 . % -8 a(-) % 0-(-) % -7

+) #f a ball is thro n vertically up ard ith an initial velocity of 0-3 ft9sec, the ball"s height after t seconds is s(t) % 0-3t , 06ta) What is the velocity function: /olution1 v(t) % 0-3 , +-t b) What is the velocity hen t % -, 7, 6 /olution1 v(-) % 0-3 , +-(-) % 67 v(7) % 0-3 , +-(7) % +v(6) % 0-3 , +-(6) % ,67 hat time is the velocity 73 ft9sec: 06 ft9sec: ,73 ft9sec: /olution1 /et the velocity function to each of the above values! 73 % 0-3 , +-t 06 % 0-3 , +-t ,73 % 0-3 , +-t ,3) % ,+-t ,00- % ,+-t ,056 % ,+-t -.. % t +.. % t ... % t c) 't

d) When is the velocity ;ero: /olution1 /et the velocity function to ;ero and solve ) % 0-3 , +-t ,0-3 % ,+-t 7%t e) What is the height of the ball at the time the velocity is ): /olution1 let t % 7 in the position function s(7) % 0-3(7) , 06(06) % .0- , -.6 % -.6" f) #s the ans er to part &e& the ma<imum height: /olution1 =es, because it is the ;ero of the first derivative. g) When does the ball hit the ground: /olution1 /et the position function to ;ero and solve! 0-3t , 06t- % ) 06t(3 , t) % ) 't t % ), or t % 3. !hink. 't t % ), you haven"t thro n the ball yet! !he ball ill hit the ground in 3 seconds. =ou could have reasoned that it took 7 seconds to reach ma<imum height and another 7 secs to come back do n. h) What is the velocity hen the ball hits the ground: /olution1 $ind v(3) v(3) % 0-3 , +-(3) % ,0-3 ft9sec. #t is negative because the ball is coming back do n! Notice it has the same velocity as hen it as thro n up ard! i) What is the acceleration function: /olution1 $ind a(t) by finding the derivative of v(t)! a(t) % ,+- ft9sec*) What is the acceleration at t % +, ., 3: /olution1 a(+) % ,+a(.) % ,+a(3) % ,+No matter hat time it ill al ays be ,+-. (!his is the effect of gravity.) #t"s no time to get ready for the big test!! /ample test is ne<t so have plenty of ater (notice the motif) and hang on to your hat!

Don't bomb out on the sample test!!

0) $ind the average rate of change for the function f(<) % +<- 4 -<. !hen find the slope of the secant line bet een <0 % 0 and <- % +. -) 2sing the definition of the derivative, find f "(<) if f(<) % -<- , .. $ind the slope of the tangent line at < % -, < % ), < % ,-. !ell if it is increasing, decreasing or ;ero at that point. +) $ind the derivatives by using the formulas and then find f "(,0).

7) $ind the critical points of each function and graph each function. a) f(<) % <+ , +< b) f(<) % <+ , 0 .) ' trough ith a rectangular cross section is to be made from a long sheet of metal -7 meters ide by turning up strips along each side. $ind the amount that must be turned up to give the greatest cross section. 6) !here are 8)) feet of fencing available to enclose a rectangular plot of ground ith a fence do n the middle and parallel to t o ends. What is the ma<imum area hich can be enclosed: 5) ' bus company carries -))) passengers per day at a rate of -) cents per passenger. #n determining a rate hike, the head dudes estimate that they ould lose -)) passengers for every . cents they increase the rates. What rate should they charge to ma<imi;e their income: 3) >et s(t) % 06t- , 0-3t 4 3. 'ns er each ?uestion. a) $ind v(t)

b) $ind the velocity at t % +, t % 7, t % .. What does each ans er mean: c) $ind a(t) d) $ind the acceleration at t % 0, t % +, t % +. What do the ans ers indicate: 8) ' ball is hit straight up ard ith an initial velocity of -.6 feet per second. the ball"s height after time t seconds is h(t) % -.6t , 06ta) What is the velocity function: b) What is the velocity at t % 6, t % 3, t % 0): c) What is the acceleration function: d) 't hat time does the ball hit the ground: hen it hits the ground:

e) What is the velocity of the ball

f) What time does it reach ma<imum height: g) What is the ma<imum height: