Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL- BULLYING- 2014

Resea !h P "#"sa$ S# ing 2014 L" i A% Shi&e 'he R"(e ) B% *i$$e C"$$ege SCIE ++0 - 02 *s% Sha $a Hansen, Ins) u!)" -e( ua . /, 2014

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 Introduction

A!!" ding )" )he a )i!$e 0 "1 )he In)e na)i"na$ 2"u na$ "0 Edu!a)i"n P"$i!. 3 Leade shi#, 420125, 6'ea!he and Ad1inis) a)" Pe !e#)i"ns "0 Bu$$.ing In S!h""$s7, )ea!he s and ad1inis) a)" s ha&e &e . $i))$e ) aining in (u$$.ing% 48enned. ', Russ"1 A, 8e&" 9ian *%, #a a 15: 'he e0" e $a!9ing )he igh) s9i$$s )" in)e &ene in (u$$.ing si)ua)i"ns and 1an. )i1es )he )ea!he s " s)a00 a e (u$$.ing )he s)uden)s ;i)h"u) 9n";ing )he i1#$i!a)i"ns "0 )hei (eha&i" s% 'he # "($e1 in )he !u en) si)ua)i"ns is $a!9ing )he s9i$$s )" !" e!)$. dea$ ;i)h (u$$.ing si)ua)i"ns, and (e!ause "0 )his de0i!ien!. in ) aining (u$$.ing ha##ens )"" "0)en and g"es unn")i!ed and un#unished% Chi$d en a e (eing (u$$ied s" se&e e$. a) )i1es i) !auses sui!ida$ )h"ugh)s, and in )he a )i!$e a("&e is s)a)es, Bu$$.ing is (e!"1ing a # "1inen) !"n!e n in s!h""$s% Uni$a)e a$$., s!h""$ sh"")ings a e (eing $in9ed )" (u$$.ing% 4R 8enned. ', Russ"1 A, 8e&" 9ian *%, #a a 1, # 15, esea !h is sh";ing a g ";ing ) end in ne; # "g a1s dea$ing ;i)h (u$$.ing, h";e&e 1"s) s!h""$s d" n") ha&e a se) # "!edu e " #"$i!. " ) aining )0 # "#e $. in)e &ene in (u$$.ing si)ua)i"ns% 4#a a 1, #% +5

% Statement of Main Problem <h. is i) i1#" )an) )" in&es)iga)e (u$$.ing= A!!" ding )" )he a )i!$e s)a)ed a("&e, )he au)h" s >u")e -in9e$h" e)% a$ 4200?5 0"und )ha) !hi$d en &i!)i1i@ed (. )hei #ee s "0)en su00e ) au1a)i! s.1#)"1s% *" e s#e!i0i!a$$., Sn.de e) a$% 4200+5

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 "(se &ed in a s)ud. in&"$&ing 2?? (".s and gi $s "&e );" .ea s )ha) !hi$d en ;h" a e &i!)i1i@ed (. )hei #ee s eAhi(i) 1" e an)is"!ia$ and

de# essi&e (eha&i" s )han )hei n"n&i!)i1i@ed #ee s 4Sn.de e) a$%, 200+5% Nishina, 2u&"nen, and <i)9"; 4200B5 ana$.@ed se$0- e#" )s "0 ?)h g ade s ega ding #ee &i!)i1i@a)i"n, #s.!h"s"!ia$ # "($e1s, #h.si!a$ s.1#)"1s, and s!h""$ 0un!)i"ning% Gi $s e#" )ed 1" e s"!ia$ anAie). )han (".s: h";e&e , (".s e#" )ed signi0i!an)$. highe $e&e$s "0 #ee &i!)i1i@a)i"n )han gi $s 4Nishina e) a$%, 200B5% -u )he 1" e, a!!" ding )" Nishina e) a$%, #ee &i!)i1i@a)i"n is # edi!)i&e "0 highe $e&e$s "0 #s.!h"s"!ia$ # "($e1s and #h.si!a$ s.1#)"1s% A$uede e)% A$ 4200C5 n")ed )ha) s)uden)s, es#e!ia$$. (".s, ;h" engage in (u$$.ing (eha&i" s a e 1" e $i9e$. )" engage in ")he de$in>uen) (eha&i" s su!h as d ug a(use, sh"#$i0)ing, and &anda$is1% Su(De!)s engaged in (u$$.ing in e$e1en)a . s!h""$ a e a$s" 1" e $i9e$. )" $a!9 i1#u$se !"n) "$ and ass"!ia)e ;i)h an)is"!ia$ #ee s% A$)e na)i&e$., s)uden)s ;h" a e &i!)i1s "0 (u$$.ing (eha&i" a e );i!e as $i9e$. )" engage in is9. hea$)h (eha&i" s su!h as d in9ing and s1"9ing 4S!hn"h 3 Ni!$asen, 200?5 and a e 1" e $i9e$. )" su00e 1en)a$ hea$)h # "($e1s su!h as de# essi"n, anAie)., sui!ida$ )h"ugh)s, #s.!hia) i! # "($e1s, and ea)ing dis" de s 4Ea9e, P i!e, 3 'e$$D"hann, 200+5% In addi)i"n, &i"$en!e, hea&. d in9ing, and 1a iDuana use a) age 21 is $in9ed )" !hi$dh""d (u$$.ing 48i1, Ca)a$an", Hagge )., 3 A((")), 20115% As a !hi$d g ";s in)" ad"$es!en!e, #ee e$a)i"nshi#s a e "0 in! easing i1#" )an!e, and #"si)i&e #ee in)e a!)i"n du ing )his )i1e is an indi!a)" "0 su!!ess0u$

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014

e$a)i"nshi#s in)" adu$)h""d 4*!E$hane., An)"nisha9, 3 A$$en, 200C5% 'his is a$a 1ing ;hen "ne !"nside s )ha) (u$$.ing nega)i&e$. a00e!)s )he a(i$i). "0 !hi$d en and ad"$es!en)s )" ! ea)e #"si)i&e #ee e$a)i"nshi#s 4Ea9e e) a$%, 200+: *!E$hane. e) a$%, 200C5% I) is e&iden) )he (u$$.ing # "($e1s a e (e!"1ing a # "($e1 in s!h""$s and )he e is a need 0" de&e$"#ing e00e!)i&e # "g a1s add essing (u$$.ing in " de )" he$# # e&en) (u$$.ing in s!h""$s%

Subproblems for this type of study S"1e "0 )he # "($e1s ;hi!h 1a. a ise a e $i1i)a)i"ns ;i)hin s!h""$ en)i)ies, 0ea "0 dis!$"su e, 0ea "0 e)a$ia)i"n, and $a!9 "0 !""#e a)i"n 0 "1 s)a00 40ee$ing unde a 1i! "s!"#e " s! u)in.5% S"1e $i1i)a)i"ns in )he s!h""$s 1a. in!$ude e0usa$ )" #a )i!i#a)e a$)"ge)he , $a!9 "0 desi e )" !hange !u en) #"$i!. " # "!edu es, and (asi! 0ea "0 )he un9n";n% S"1e #a )i!i#an)s 1a. 0ea (eing he$d a!!"un)a($e i0 (u$$.ing is dis!"&e ed% S"1e #a )i!i#an)s 1a. (e ;" ied a("u) dis!$"sing 0" 0ea "0 0u )he (u$$.ing% S"1e #a )i!i#an)s 1a. (e )"" dis) essed "n )his )"#i! )" dis!$"se- #e ha#s a$ ead. #s.!h"$"gi!a$$. s) essed and n") !"10" )a($e #a )i!i#a)ing% P"ssi($. s"1e in0" 1a)i"n 1a. n") (e a!!essi($e )" ana$.@e " e&a$ua)e " "(se &e% 'i1e !"u$d (e an issue in )his # "#"sa$ # "De!): h";e&e , )his sh"u$d (e $i1i)ed 0ai $. ;e$$ #$us !"u$d (e su(di&ided i0 needed% Hypotheses or Research Questions(s) 'he # "#"sa$ # "De!) is )" de)e 1ine )he e$a)i"nshi# (e);een )ea!he s and ad1inis) a)" s #e !e#)i"ns "0 (u$$.ing, a$"ng ;i)h eA#$" ing ;he)he )ea!he s 1a.

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 (e unde $.ing in (u$$.ing% In addi)i"n, eA#$" e )he a00e!)s 0 "1 (u$$.ing and dis!"&e s"1e "0 )he 1"s) e00e!)i&e # "g a1s in # e&en)ing (u$$.ing%

Delimitations of Research Resea !h ;i$$ n") sh"; )he a00e!)s (u$$.ing 1a. !ause )" )he "n$""9e , )he !hi$d " adu$) ;h" ;a)!hes " ;i)nesses !"n)inu"us (u$$.ing% 'he "n$""9e " ;a)!he 1a. (e a00e!)ed in se&e a$ ;a.s, and !"u$d in 0a!) (e!"1e a !"#.-!a), and (egin )" (u$$.% 'he esea !h des! i(ed ;i$$ (e 1"s)$. e$a)ing )" )he (u$$. and )" )he &i!)i1, a)he )han )he #e s"n ;h" is (.s)ande )" )he (u$$.ing, " e&en 1a. (e a;a e "0 )he (u$$.ing )" !"1e (e0" e )he &i!)i1 e&en is &i!)i1i@ed% 'his esea !h ;i$$ n") eA#and in)" )he e00e!)s "0 (u$$.ing )" )he "n$""9e , (u) e&iden!e sugges)s )he e is nega)i&e a00e!)s )" a$$ #e s"ns in&"$&ed in (u$$.ing%

Definitions of Key Terms Pe !e#)i"n, h"; d" ;e de0ine #e !e#)i"nF#e !e#)i"n is )he ;a. an indi&idua$ &ie;s a #a )i!u$a )"#i! " su(De!)% 6<ha) a e )hei )h"ugh)s a("u) )he )"#i!=7 A$"ng ;i)h #e !e#)i"n is (eha&i" -;ha) is (eha&i" G(eha&i" is h"; a #e s"n dis#$a.s )hei e1")i"ns " )h"ugh)s% I) is an "(se &a($e a!) and des! i(ed as a #h.si!a$ a!) " &"!a$ a!) " Dus) an "u);a d dis#$a. "0 e1")i"n, su!h as ! .ing% An")he )e 1 des! i(ed is an)is"!ia$, an)is"!ia$ is ;hen s"1e"ne is a$"ne 1"s) "0)en and # e0e s )" n") in)e a!) ;i)h ")he #e"#$e, " i) !"u$d (e des! i(ed as is"$a)i"n% Hi!)i1i@a)i"n is an")he !"11"n )e 1 is &i!)i1i@a)i"n, and i) is de0ined as !"n)inu"us (ad ) ea)1en) "0 an")he #e s"n, 0" eAa1#$e, ;hen "ne #e s"n in0$i!)s ha 1 " )h ea)s !"n)inu"us$. )" an")he

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 indi&idua$ i) is &i!)i1i@a)i"n% Ee$in>uen) is an")he )e 1 1en)i"ned, and is de0ines as a nega)i&e " (ad a!) "0 a #e s"n% -" ins)an!e, ;hen a s)uden) a i&es $a)e !"n)inu"us$. )his is a de$in>uen) a!)% An")he )e 1 used is dis) essed: dis) essed 1eans a #e s"n is ha&ing di00i!u$)ies ei)he #h.si!a$$. " e1")i"na$$.% An eAa1#$e 1igh) (e a #e s"n ;h" is &i!)i1i@ed is ! .ing a $") " .e$$ing a) ")he s 0" n" a##a en) eas"n, )his indi&idua$ is eA#e ien!ing s"1e 0" 1 "0 dis) ess%

ssumptions An assu1#)i"n in )his # "#"sa$ is )ha) (u$$.ing is a # "($e1 in s!h""$s% A #e s"n !an sea !h ."u)u(e and see nu1e "us &ide"s "0 )"#i!s "n (u$$.ing, in!$uding a &e . sad (u) #";e 0u$ &ide" "0 a ."ung gi $ ;h" is des! i(ing he a00e!)s 0 "1 (eing (u$$ied and she !"11i)s sui!ide as a esu$) 0 "1 )he (u$$.ing% Bu$$.ing is (eing !u en)$. esea !hed and # "g a1s a e (eing de&e$"#ed 0" # e&en)i"n "0 (u$$.ing, h";e&e )his s)ud. h"#es )" e&ea$ ne; "") !auses "0 )he (u$$.ing and a))a!9 )he # "($e1 0 "1 a di00e en) #e s#e!)i&e% I) is a$s" assu1ed )ha) )he esea !he !"u$d 0ind ;i$$ing #a )i!i#an)s and !"$$e!) an a(undan!e "0 i1#" )an) ne; in0" 1a)i"n 0" )his s)ud.% Bu$$.ing is s)i$$ ha##ening and esea !h is !"n)inuing in " de )" 0ind )he (es) # e&en)a)i&e # "g a1s )" !"1(a) (u$$.ing% Bu$$.ing needs 0u )he add essing )" de&e$"# )he (es) # e&en)i&es )" # ")e!) and edu!a)e !hi$d en and adu$)s "n (u$$.ing%

Importance of Study Bu$$.ing is s)i$$ ha##ening and esea !h is !"n)inuing in " de )" 0ind )he (es) # e&en)a)i&e # "g a1s )" !"1(a) (u$$.ing% Bu$$.ing needs 0u )he add essing )" de&e$"#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 )he (es) # e&en)i&es )" # ")e!) and edu!a)e !hi$d en and adu$)s "n (u$$.ing% Bu$$.ing is 1"s) e$a)ed )" )he edu!a)i"na$ 0ie$d "0 s)ud.: h";e&e , #s.!h"$"g.J!"unse$ingJhu1an se &i!e is a) )he hea ) "0 )he )"#i! (e!ause "0 )he 1en)a$ dis) ess ;hi!h (u$$.ing 1a. !ause% In " de )" # e&en) a # "($e1 i) 0i s) has )" (e de)e 1ined and )hen i) !an (e add essed and e&a$ua)ed% A0)e e&a$ua)ing )he da)a !"$$e!)ed, )he esea !he !an de)e 1ine i0 )he e is a !"nne!)i"n )" (u$$.ing 0 "1 )ea!he s and ad1inis) a)" s as a 1aD" unde $ie )" "nse) s)uden) (u$$.ing% Bu$$ies $ea n 0 "1 ")he (u$$ies and un)i$ adu$)s add ess )hei (eha&i" s and $ea n )" se$0-e&a$ua)e )" dis!"&e (iases " nega)i&e (eha&i" s, )he # "($e1 ;i$$ e1ain unn")i!ed " ign" ed% I) is e&iden) )he )ea!he s and

ad1inis) a)" s ;an) )" (e 1" e edu!a)ed "n )he )"#i! "0 (u$$.ing% 4#a a 1,#% +5% I) is a$s" >u")ed 6/+ #e !en) "0 edu!a)" s and ad1inis) a)" s ;e e in)e es)ed in e!ei&ing 1" e # "0essi"na$ de&e$"#1en) "n (u$$.ing # e&en)i"n%%%7 4#a a +, #% ?5% I0 )he )ea!he s a e e#" )ing $a!9 "0 9n";$edge "n ;ha) )" d" ;i)h (u$$.ing si)ua)i"ns )hen )he esu$) !"u$d (e !"n)inued &i!)i1i@a)i"n "0 !hi$d en in s!h""$s% 'ea!he s sh"u$d (e ) ained hea&i$. "n (u$$.ing, !"nside ing )he ha 10u$ #s.!h"$"gi!a$ e00e!)s )ha) !"u$d a ise "n )he &i!)i1 and "n )he (u$$. )he1se$&es% P$us, i) is e&iden) )ha) i) is )he s!h""$s es#"nsi(i$i). )" # ")e!) !hi$d en 0 "1 (u$$.ing, and in 0a!), s!h""$s !an (e neg$igen) ;hen (u$$.ing !"n)inues unn")i!ed " unadd essed%

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 Annotated Bibliography "In the 2012-13 school year, there was a 40% decrease in the number of bullying cases reported

and in estigated by !ew "ersey schools#" District Administration $eb# 2014% 20# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014 http%((0go#galegroup#com#lrc1#)ellogg#edu(ps(retrie e#do* sg+it,ount-ype.!one/sort. 01234-/in52.true/prodId.652/user6roup!ame.lom7)cc/tabI0.-002/searchId .41/result8ist-ype.492:8-78I2-/content2egment./search-ype.;asic2earch$or m/current5osition.2/content2et.6189%<,13='1>2>?3//docId.6189@13='1>2> ?3/doc-ype.6189/role.I-3$

-his article is barely 1=0 wordsA howe er, it is ery current and shows impro ements in bullying in !ew "ersey schools# -he study is credible and it is Bualitati e# Core studies li)e this need to be done throughout the 1merica# ;ullying is an ongoing problem which needs to be addressed# :sing this data to further research other states could pro e beneficial# 1ll the states need to address the bullying issues# 1lthough, this article shows a 40% decrease in reported cases, this is only one state# 9ach state has to pass a law about bullying# -his decrease is after the law was passed in !ew "ersey about bullying# -he article is short and concise# -he source is 5rofessional Cedia 6roup 88,# -he article is current and the study is recent# In this article the author eDplains how the state of !ew "ersey passed a law in 2011- 1nti-;ullying ;ill of 4ights 1ct# It eDplains what bullying is legally# -his act also reBuires teachers and administrators to train for bullying situations and to report incidents to the state# :pon further re iew of this article this is not such a credible article and is misrepresentati e of the actual situation on !ew "ersey# 0oes not represent data accurately and shares some decrease in bullying howe er, there was a tremendous increase in bullying# 5lus the schools are spending too much on legalities related to bullying#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 ;ratsis, Cichael 9# "5re enting bullying at your school#" The Science Teacher '0#? E2013F% '0# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# http%((0go#galegroup#com#lrc1#)ellogg#edu(ps(retrie e#do*

sg+it,ount-ype.!one/sort.01234-/in52.true/prodId.652/user6roup!ame.lom7)cc/tabI0.-002/searchId.4 1/result8ist-ype.492:8-78I2-/content2egment./search-ype.;asic2earch$orm/ current5osition.14/content2et.6189%<,1342<?>040//docId.6189@1342<?>040 /doc-ype.6189/role.I-3$ -his article is from -he !ational 2cience -eachers 1ssociation, the author is Cichael 9# ;ratsis# -his article shares a study about teens with weight issues in relationship to bullying# -he article is brief but informational# -he author Buotes G1 0u)e :ni ersity Cedical ,enter study re eals that the effects of bullying can linger into adulthood E,opeland et al# 2013F# ;ullied )ids and teens were more li)ely to ha e anDiety problems, panic disorder, and suicidal thoughts as adults, the study saidH E;ratsis 2013 p# 1F# -his Buote is alarming because bullying is still an issue in schools today# -he study was a sur ey of 3?1 teens from a weight-loss camp# -he results showed ?4% of the )ids were bullied at school# E;ratsis, 2013# 5ara 2F -he article tal)s about some ideas on how to help pre ent bullying in the classroom# -he idea was to in ol e the students in the anti-bullying programIwhich will empower the students and it will be important to them because they are ested into it# -he idea was to use sur eys in the schools and let the students help de elop the sur eys and let the students e aluate how the program is wor)ing as well# It is a brilliant idea in my opinion# -his idea should wor) in the same way as it would in a wor)place setting# 5ast studies ha e pro en when people are in ested it means more to them# 5lus, peer pressure is in ol ed#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 6arby, 8isa# "0irect bullying% criminal act or mimic)ing what has been learned*" Education 133#4 E2013F% 44'J# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# 4etrie ed from http%((0go#galegroup#com#lrc1#)ellogg#edu(ps(retrie e#do*

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-his article is from 5roKect Inno ation E1labamaF the source is list in 9ducation# -he article is recent 2013, and has information about how bullying should be handled from a legal aspect# -he author, 8isa 6arby states G4ecently all states eDcept Contana ha e ta)en steps to enforce anti-bullying laws# 3f these eighteen states pro ide a means for the ictim to see) legal ramifications and nine states mandate that schools report bullying incidents to the police E-oppo, 2012FH E6arby, 2013 p# 1F# It seems li)e all states should be ery strict in bullying issuesA howe er, Lero-tolerance may not be the best way in e ery bullying situation# -he author Buotes ;ullying programs ha e been implemented nationwide, but with recent statistics doneM with self-disclosure an inter ention program E6arby, 2013, p# 2F# -his article is a credible source of information and is Bualitati e research# pro ing there is no dramatic change, something more needs to be 1lthough personal inter iews ha e limitations, these along sur eys and statistics from schools ta)en before and after has been put in place might Kust pro ide the answerH

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 ;land, 5hillip# ";eing bullied in childhood has long-term effects on mental health#" The Practitioner 1pr# 2013% <# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# http%((0go#galegroup#com#lrc1#)ellogg#edu(ps(retrie e#do*

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-his article is about some of the effects from childhood bullying# -he study is of 1,420 children from &estern ,arolina# 1ssessments were done annually# $ollow-ups were done as well# 2ome results were difficult do to the nature of bullying and other problems in some of the children# -he author, 5hillip ;land, states G0espite the relati ely large sample, the study was underpowered to lin) bullying to specific psychiatric diagnoses and this is reflected in the wide confidence inter alsH E;land, 2013, p# 1F# -his study didnNt result as anticipated by the researchers, howe er the study was still important# ;land Buotes G1 strength of this study is the fact that detailed information was collected on potential psychological, social and family confoundersH E2013, p# 1F# -his article shows the challenges in differentiating the effects from bullying in relationship to other issues in life# 2uch as, an abused ictim at home may be bullied as well, but how does one determine what effects are from what cause# -his article is Bualitati e and credible and can be used for further researching into the effects of bullying#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014

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2implicio, "oseph# "2uc) it up, wal) it off, be a man% a contro ersial loo) at bullying in todayOs schools#" Education 133#3 E2013F% 34=J# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# http%((0go#galegroup#com#lrc1#)ellogg#edu(ps(retrie e#do*

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-his article is written by "oseph 2implicio, and it shares some insight about what may be some underlie in bullying# 2implicio states there is all )inds of bullying and different le els of se erity# -he author also ma)es claim Kust as others ha e that there is a lin) to bullying and school shooters# E2013, para 3F -he author Buotes G;ullying has been defined as treating others GMabusi ely by means of force or coercionH and GMin o erbearing, especially to smaller or wea)er peopleH E2013, p# 1F# 2implicio also states G1ccording to some educators the problem of bullying within our nationNs schools has grown to epidemic proportionsH E2013, p# 1F# -his article describes how bullying may stem from the fact that parents are different than many years ago# $or eDample, many parents are becoming too in ol ed and actually bullying the teachers or administrators in efforts to Po erN protect their children# 5arents are actually teaching their children to bully by being a bully# -his could be something to definitely research further# -his article was Bualitati e by nature and has good insight on what could be part of the cause of eDcessi e bullying#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 Literature Review &hat does the literature say about bullying*

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&hat does some of the literature say about bullying* &hat field of study co ers most of the articles about bullying* &hat do these articles or literature add to the study of the problems related to bullying* &hat is the perception of most of the literature on bullying* 2ome of the literature re iewed on the topic of bullying is described as pertinent and some of it is irrele ant or not credible# -he research on this topic is new and is currently being studied# ;ullying is becoming a hot topic in research# -he school shootings ha e now been lin)ed to bullying, therefore heightening the demand to disco er a cure all method to stop bullying# :nfortunately, some of the articles mentioned may not hold too much credibility# 1lthough, it is not necessarily the fault of the author, but may simply be unfinished research or unreliable research# 3ne of the articles is titled GIn the 2012-2013 school year, there was a 40% decrease in the number of bullying cases reported and in estigated by !ew "ersey schools#H is a brief and ery misleading title# -his article Buotes In the 2012-2013 school year, there was a 40% decrease in the number of bullying cases reported and in estigated by !ew "ersey schools# -he impro ement comes two years after the state passed the 2011 1nti-;ullying ;ill of 4ights 1ct, which to train case to the year, close to 40 the classroom, while one thoroughly defines what constitutes bullying, the 1ct reBuires all schools teachers and administrators to respond to bullying and report each state# 3 erall, districts conducted 21,>34 in estigations this past per district# 1bout a third of bullying cases too) place in in siD were onlineH E5rofessional Cedia 6roup, 2014, p#1F#

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-his misrepresents the reality of what is actually happening in !ew "ersey due to the new laws being passed about anti-bullying# -he schools are being o errun by financial burden due to new law suits being filed# 2ome of the suits are from the bully and some are from the ictims, howe er, either way the schools are losing funding due to unnecessary fees from attorneys, and courts# In an article titled G&hy psychology is failing to sol e the problem of bullyingH the author, Israel Qalman, he Buotes !ew "ersey which has proudly passed what it considers to be the toughest school anti-bullying law in the country, is disco ering that its schools donNt ha e the funds to comply with the law E+u, &# 2001F, and that bullying complaints Buadrupled in the 2011-2012 school year o er the pre ious year E,alefati, "# and failing to stop children accusing children of bullying 4undBuist, "#, 2012F# !ot only are schools being sued for from being bullied, they are also being sued for E4undBuist, 2013F EQalman, 2013, p# 2F#

-he article by Qalman is ery in depth and shares ery credible and aluable information from a psychological perspecti e# Cost of the articles or sources are in the study of education ersus in the study of psychology# -his is somewhat misrepresenting# ;ullying is a beha ioral issue therefore it would seem most appropriate to relate bullying issues as most pertinent to the psychology field# +owe er, in this research most articles are from an educational source# 1nother article from -he 2cience -eacher titled G5re enting bullying at your schoolH by Cichael 9# ;ratsis shares some pertinent information related to bullying# ;ratsis Buotes G-he study notes that Pschool personnel can play an important role in identifying and supporting youth who may be at ris) for per asi e teasing and bullyingN E5uhl, 5eterson, and 8uedic)e, 2013, p# e1FH E;ratsis, p# 1F# 1lthough, this may be true, how do teachers feel about being put in this

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role* Inter ening in bullying situations can be ery stressful and reBuire specific training on how to properly identify and redirect the aggressi e beha iors# -he article tal)s about how to implement a pre entati e program against bullying, but neglects to disclose any past programs of this nature# 1re the programs used now wor)ing* Cost programs after 2011 ha e not been wor)ing and bullying is still happening in schools# In the article G-eacher education, teaching eDperience and bullying policies% lin)s with early childhood teachersN perceptions and attitudes to bullyingH the authors, 3la 6oryl, ,athrine !eilsen-+ewitt and !aomi 2weller use concise information and credible information to add to the topic of bullying# -he topic of this article is about early education and how it relates to bullying# -he article uses good citations and Buotes pertinent and current information# -he design is well thought and ery replicable# $or instance, the author Buotes G4esearch has found that teachers do not always identify bullying correctly nor respond to bullying acts appropriately E$arell, 2010A Roon / Qerber, 2003FH E2013, p# 2F# -his small portion of the article represents credible research# -he authors are bac)ing the statements with past research and using correct citations for easy locating# -his article is ery detailed and o erall shares the perspecti e that most teachers Ee en early education teachersF feel a need to be more trained in bullying situations# 1nother article titled G0irect bullying% criminal act or mimic)ing what has been learned*H by 8isa 6arby is an interesting article and has a uniBue perspecti e# -he author Buotes G;ullying programs ha e been implemented nationwide, but with recent statistics pro ing there is no dramatic change, something more needs to be doneMH -he ideas presented in this article are pertinent to the field or topic but really do not bring any new disco ery# -he author uses great Buotes and citations but the information is Kust repeated information from past research#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 3 erall, the author is headed in a good direction by loo)ing the beha ior itself rather than the person being Kudged# ,hildren, e en the child who is a bully, should not be labeled or

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stereotyped into the label of being a bully# -his, itself, will create more stress for the child who is already distressed and displaying aggressi e beha iors# 6arby does ha e some good statistical information in the article and it is recent and credible#

RESEARCH PROPOSAL-BULLYING- 2014 References

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"In the 2012-13 school year, there was a 40% decrease in the number of bullying cases reported and in estigated by !ew "ersey schools#" District Administration $eb# 2014% 20# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014 ;ratsis, Cichael 9# "5re enting bullying at your school#" The Science Teacher '0#? E2013F% '0# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# 6arby, 8isa# "0irect bullying% criminal act or mimic)ing what has been learned*" Education 133#4 E2013F% 44'J# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# 6oryl, 3la, ,athrine !eilsen-+ewett, and !aomi 2weller# "-eacher education, teaching eDperience and bullying policies% lin)s with early childhood teachersO perceptions and attitudes to bullying#" Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 3'#2 E2013F% 32J# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# Qalman, Israel ,# "&hy psychology is failing to sol e the problem of bullying#" International Journal on World Peace 30#2 E2013F% <1J# General OneFile# &eb# 1' $eb# 2014# Qennedy, -om 0#, 4ussom, 1shley 6#, Qe or)ian, Celine C# E2012F# -eacher and 1dministrator 5erceptions of ;ullying In 2chools# International Journal of Education Policy and Leadershi !E=F# 4etrie ed from www#iKepl#org