1

96 11 23
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: ,,

98%

: WWEA

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9.0/

3.5/()

1.7/

1.2/

0.8/

2.0
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1
0.250.37
1
1 CO23.5NOx6.1
SO2

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10

Annual Wind Power Development

Actual 1990-2006 & Forecast 2007-2011
40,000
35,000
30,000

20%30%

MW

25,000
20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000
0
1990

1995

Source: BTM Consult ApS - March 2007

: BTM

2000
Europe

2006
USA

A sia

2011

Rest of World

Existing

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11

200673,904MW14,900MW2006
25.3%
2010160,000MW2006 ~ 2010
20%

: WWEA

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12

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13

2006

Total Americas
Total Europe
Total South & East Asia
Total OECD-Pacific
Total Africa
Total other continents and
areas:
Annual
MW
installed
capacity
Cumulative MW installed
in the world

Installed
MW
2005
2,671
6,372
1,971
484
44

Accu.
MW
2005
10,062
41,044
5,753
2,137
278

Installed
MW
2006
3,515
7,682
3,220
491
109

Accu.
MW
2006
13,577
48,627
8,963
2,628
386

% of installed
MW
2006
23.4%
51.2%
21.4%
3.3%
0.7%

124

0.0

124

0.0%

11,542

15,016
59,398

74,306

Source: BTM Consult ApS - March 2007

: BTM

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14

2006

53247MW
72%

: WWEA

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15

2005
77.8%(200485.5%; 200375%)

: BTM

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16

2006
82.4%(200577.8%; 200485.5%; 200375%)

Top-10 Suppliers in 2006

% of the total market 15,016 MW
GE WIND (US)
15.5%

ENERCON (GE)
15.4%

GA MESA (ES)
15.6%
SUZLON (Ind)
7.7%

SIEMENS (DK)
7.3%

V ESTA S (DK)
28.2%
Source: BTM Consult ApS - March 2007

: BTM

NORDEX (GE)
3.4%
REPOWER (GE)
3.2%
A CCIONA (ES)
Others
4.6% GOLDWIND (PRC) 2.8%
2.8%

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17

2006
(MW)

(MW)

GoldWind
Acciona
Repower
Nordex
Siemens
Suzlon
Enercon
GE Wind
Gamesa
Vestas
0

: BTM

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500 MW

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18

--96.03.08
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

202020%
2020199020%
202010%

2010
LED

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

: 96.03.11

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19

2006

1( )

2,454MW
(26..8%)

2,194MW
(11.9%)

1,587MW
(15.8%)

8MW
(0.3%)

2006

11,603 MW

20,622 MW

11,615 MW

3,136 MW

()

30,000 MW
(2010)
100,000MW
(2020)

28,000 MW
(2010)

20,000 MW
(2011)

5,000 MW
(2010)

2006

1( )

1,840 MW
(41.5%)

1,145 MW
(90.93%)

354 MW
(34%)

79.8 MW
(600%)

2006

6,270 MW

2,405 MW

1,394 MW

103.7 MW

()

12,000MW
(2012)

30,000MW
(2020)
100,000MW
(2030)
400,000MW
(2050)

3,000MW
(2010)
11,800MW
(2030)

2,159MW
(2010)

1()2006
WWEA (2007/02)

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20

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21

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22

2040

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23

Pe = Pw Cp m g

Cp ()
0.59 {Betz limit}
g ()
50%,80%
m ()
95%

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24

Power in the Wind

(W/m2)
= 1/2 x air density x swept rotor area x (wind speed)3
A
V3

Density = P/(RxT)
P - pressure (Pa)
R - specific gas constant (287 J/kgK)
T - air temperature (K)

kg/m3

Area = r2
m2

Instantaneous Speed
(not mean speed)
m/s

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25

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 vs

26

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 vs

27

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28

(20kw)

()


H

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()

29

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30

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31

3m/sec(
2m/sec)

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32

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33

1.

2.

1.

3.

2.

!!

5.
1. 2. 3.4.

)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1. 2.

1. 2. 3. 4.

6.

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34

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35

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36

Wake loss3~6

Ris National Lab.

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37

shadow flicker

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38

(wind mill)

(wind turbine)

wind farm

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40

Grid Connection

Hybrid System

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41

660

1,750

23.5

33

45

60

8 x 82 15 x 152

Vestas 660
Vestas 1,750

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700

600

3 ~ 4 /
25/

500

60/

20

15 m/s

300

4 m/s

200

100

0
0

25 m/s

400

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Vestas V47-660 kW

43

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44

Yaw

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45

(Rotor blade)
(Hub)
(Main Bearing)
(Rotor control)
(Gear box)
(Shafting)
(Generator)
(Disc Brake & caliper)
(Machine bed)
(Spinner & Nacelle)
(Yaw-gear)
(Meteorological sensors)
(Tower & Foundation)
(Converter)
(Control panel)
(Scada software)
(Cooling system)
(Lighting protection)
(Ladder & lift)
(Underground Cable)
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