Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2012 (2012), Article I !1"0#$, 12 pa%es doi&10'11!!(2012(!

1"0#$)esearc* ArticleE+perimental Assessment o, Morin%a olei,era -ea, and .ruit ,or Its Antistress, Antio+idant, and /caven%in% 0otential 1sin% In Vitro and In Vivo Assays/uai2 -u3man, /uc*ita /rivastava, )ites* 4umar, Anil 4umar Maurya, and e2a2rata C*andaMolecular Bioprospection epartment, Biotec*nolo%y ivision, Central Institute o, Medicinal and Aromatic 0lants (Council o, /cienti,ic and Industrial )esearc*), -uc5no6 22701!, India)eceived 11 April 20118 )evised 10 Au%ust 20118 Accepted 1 /eptem2er 2011Academic Editor& 9enny M' :il5inson Copyri%*t ; 2012 /uai2 -u3man et al' <*is is an open access article distri2uted under t*e Creative Commons Attri2ution -icense, 6*ic* permits unrestricted use, distri2ution, and reproduction in any medium, provided t*e ori%inal 6or5 is properly cited'A2stract:e *ave investi%ated e,,ect o, Morin%a olei,era lea, and ,ruit e+tracts on mar5ers o, o+idative stress, its to+icity evaluation, and correlation 6it* antio+idant properties usin% in vitro and in vitro assays' <*e a3ueous e+tract o, lea, 6as a2le to increase t*e =/> and reduce M A level in a concentration-dependent manner' <*e et*anolic e+tract o, ,ruit s*o6ed *i%*est p*enolic content, stron% reducin% po6er and ,ree radical scaven%in% capacity' <*e antio+idant capacity o, et*anolic e+tract o, 2ot* ,ruit and lea, 6as *i%*er in t*e in vitro assay compared to a3ueous e+tract 6*ic* s*o6ed *i%*er potential in vivo' /a,ety evaluation studies s*o6ed no to+icity o, t*e e+tracts up to a dose o, 100m%(5% 2ody 6ei%*t' ?ur results support t*e potent antio+idant activity o, a3ueous and et*anolic e+tract o, Morin%a olei,era 6*ic* adds one more positive attri2ute to its 5no6n p*armacolo%ical importance'1' IntroductionMorin%a olei,era -am (syn' M' ptery%osperma8 commonly 5no6n as @<*e Miracle <ree,A @>orseradis*-tree,A or @Ben oil treeA) is t*e 2est 5no6n and most 6idely distri2uted species o, Morin%aceae ,amily, *avin% an impressive ran%e o, medicinal uses 6it* *i%* nutritional value t*rou%*out t*e 6orld' Bative to :estern and su2->imalayan tracts, India, 0a5istan, Asia, and A,rica C1, 2D, t*is plant is 6ell distri2uted in t*e 0*ilippines, Cam2odia, America, and t*e Cari22ean Islands CED' ?r%aniFations suc* as <rees ,or -i,e, C*urc* :orld /ervice, and Educational Concerns ,or >un%er ?r%aniFation *ave advocated Morin%a as @Batural Butrition ,or t*e <ropicsA in various parts o, t*e 6orld C$G11D' Almost every part o, t*is *i%*ly esteemed tree *ave lon% 2een consumed 2y *umans and used ,or various domestic purposes as ,or alley croppin%, animal ,ora%e, 2io%as, domestic cleanin% a%ent, 2lue dye, ,ertiliFer, ,oliar nutrient, %reen manure, %um (,rom tree trun5s), *oney and su%ar cane Huice-clari,ier (po6dered seeds), ornamental plantin%s, 2iopesticide, pulp, rope, tannin ,or tannin% *ides, 6ater puri,ication, mac*ine lu2rication (oil), manu,acture o, per,ume, and *air care products C7D'Besides culinary and ot*er domestic uses, several 2iolo%ical properties ascri2ed to various parts o, t*is tree *ave 2een revie6ed in t*e past C10, 12D' <*e leaves o, M' olei,era *ave 2een reported to 2e a valua2le source o, 2ot* macro- and micronutrients, ric* source o, Icarotene, protein, vitamin C, calcium, and potassium and act as a %ood source o, natural antio+idants8 and t*us en*ance t*e s*el,-li,e o, ,at-containin% ,oods CJ, 1ED' .ruit (pod)(drum stic5s and leaves *ave 2een used to com2at malnutrition, especially amon% in,ants and nursin% mot*ers ,or en*ancin% mil5 production CJ, 1$D and also re%ulate t*yroid *ormone im2alance C1!G1JD'A num2er o, medicinal properties attri2uted to di,,erent parts o, Morin%a *ave 2een reco%niFed 2y 2ot* Ayurvedic and 1nani systems o, medicines C2D' <*e plant ,inds its 6ide applica2ility in t*e treatment o, cardiovascular diseases as t*e roots, leaves, %um, ,lo6ers, and in,usion o, seeds *ave nitrile, mustard oil %lycosides, and t*iocar2amate %lycosides as t*eir c*emical constituents 6*ic* are su%%ested to 2e responsi2le ,or t*e diuretic, c*olesterol lo6erin%, antiulcer, *epatoprotective, and cardiovascular protective property o, t*e tree C10, 1!, 17, 1#G2#D' <*e roots *ave 2een reported to possess antispasmodic activity t*rou%* calcium c*annel 2loc5ade 6*ic* ,orms t*e 2asis ,or its traditional use in diarr*oea C20, 2"D' It also possesses antimicro2ial activity due to its principle component ptery%ospermin' <*e ,res* lea, Huice 6as ,ound to in*i2it t*e %ro6t* o, *uman pat*o%ens as /tap*ylococcus aureus and 0seudomonas aeru%inosa CE0GEED' 0*ytoconstituents ,rom di,,erent parts o, t*e tree as niaFimicin, niaiminin, various car2amates, and t*iocar2amates (<a2le1 /upplementry materials availa2le at doi& 10'11!!(2012(!1"0$#) *ave s*o6n to e+*i2it antitumor activity in vitro CE$GE7D' <*e ,lo6ers s*o6 e,,ective *epatoprotective e,,ect due to t*e presence o, 3uercetin C2"GEJD' /eeds are used as 2iosor2ent ,or t*e removal o, cadmium ,rom a3ueous medium and are one o, t*e 2est-5no6n natural coa%ulants discovered so ,ar CE#, E"D' <*ey are also considered to 2e antipyretic, acrid, and 2itter and reported to s*o6 antimicro2ial activity C$0, $1D'Various parts o, t*e plant and t*eir active constituents are 5no6n to possess diverse 2iolo%ical activity, *o6ever, little is 5no6n scienti,ically a2out t*e antio+idant potential o, ,ruit (pod) and leaves o, Morin%a olei,era' <*ere,ore, t*e present study investi%ates, esta2lis*es, and e+plains a comparative analysis o, concentration- and dose-dependent e,,ect o, et*anolic and a3ueous e+tract o, M' olei,era leaves and ,ruit on

mar5ers o, o+idative stress, its sa,ety pro,ile in mice model, and correlation 6it* antio+idant properties usin% in vitro and in vivo assays'