Documentos de Académico
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NO 1 2 3 4 5 6
NAME
MUHAMMAD FAKHRUDDIN BIN ABDUL MOEN MUHAMAD FAREEZ BIN BAHARUDDIN FATEEN FAEZAH BINTI MANSOR RAJMOGEN A/L RAMAKRISHNAN MUHAMAD FAIZ BIN AJID SHANKAR A/L BALAIZAM
ID NO
01DKM11F2028 01DKM11F2033 01DKM11F2031 01DKM11F2032 01DKM11F2034 01DKM11F2030
4.1
Explain Compressed Air Plant System Compressed Air => air kept under a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. Serve many domestic and industrial purposes. Use in Pneumatic System.
4.1.1 State the Main Equipment in Compressed Air Plant and Clarify Its Function Intake Air Filter Prevent dust from entering compressor
Inter-stage Coolers Reduce the temperature of the air before enter the next stage.
After Coolers To remove the moisture in the air by reducing the temperature in water-cooled heat exchanger.
Air-dryers Removes the remaining traces of moisture after after-cooler using absorbent like silica gel or refrigerant dryers.
Receivers Provide storage and smoothening pulsating air output. Reducing pressure variation from compressor.
4.1.3 Explain Equipment and Usage of Compressed Air Plant Mining Rock drilling and carriage systems Pneumatic hammer and chisels
Plastic Industry Transport of granulate in pipes Ejecting work piece from production
4.1.4 Explain The Advantages of Using Compressed Air Plant As Working Agent By Including Example of Usage Easily Transported Air is available everywhere
Easily Stored Easy to store compressed air in purpose-built tank Compressed air bottles can be used at location with no pipe lines (underwater)
Lightweight Pneumatic device lighter than equipment with electrical power units. Pneumatic screw drivers and hammers
Safe To Use Work perfectly when there are great temperature fluctuation and the temperatures are extreme For operating forge presses and blast furnace doors
Accident Proof Even in areas with risk of fire, explosion and extreme weather, pneumatic element can be used.
Fast Work Medium The very high flows speeds allow rapid completion of work cycles. Provide short cut in time and fast conversion energy to work
4.2
4.2.2 Explain Positive Shifted Compressor compressor a cylinder bore encloses a moving piston. As the crankshaft of the compressor rotate, the piston moves within the cylinder, similar to the piston in a car engine the piston is pulled down, the volume increases, creating a lower atmospheric pressure in the piston chamber. This difference in pressure causes air to enter via the inlet valve This difference in pressure causes air to enter via the inlet valve . As the piston is forced upwards the volume of air reduces The air pressure therefore increases. Eventually the pressure forces the outlet valve to open.
4.2.3 Reciprocals Air Compressor Reciprocating Most widely used They are characterized by a flow output that remains nearly constant over a range of discharge pressures. The compressor capacity is directly proportional to the speed. The output, however, is a pulsating one.
4.2.4 Rotor Dynamic Compressor Rotary Compressor Rotary compressors have rotors in place of pistons and give a continuous, pulsation free discharge air Require smaller foundations, vibrate less, and have a lower number of parts - which means less failure rate.
4.3.1 Define Free Air Delivery (FAD) Free air delivery refers to harmonized measure of the capacity of an air compressor. To determine the free air delivery of a compressor, the temperature and pressure at the inlet of the compressor are required in addition to the pressure and temperature of the outlet air along with the volume discharged.
4.3.2 Lubricant Lubrication helps reduce friction between sliding surfaces to not only improve efficiency and increase cycling speed of a component, but reduces wear, which ultimately means longer component life and less maintenance.
4.3.2 Filter a device which removes contaminants from a compressed air stream. This can be done using a number of different techniques, from using a "media" type that traps particulates, but allows air to pass through to a venturi, to a membrane that only allows air to pass through.
4.3.2 Pressure Administrator Proper compressor control is essential to efficient operation and high performance. System master controls coordinate all of the functions necessary to optimize compressed air as a utility the ability to monitor and control all components in the system, as well as trending data, to enhance maintenance functions and minimize costs of operation
4.3.2 Water Trapper allow the removal of condensate from the compressed air system. Automatic condensate traps are used to conserve energy by preventing the loss of air through open petcocks and valves. Poorly maintained traps can waste a lot of compressed air.
4.3.3 State Factor Should Be Considered In The Arrangement Of Compressed Air Factory Both a general purpose pre-filter and an oil filter and an oil removal filter should be installed just downstream of the compressor aftercooler to remove solid contaminants, water and oil. A dryer should be installed between the aftercooler and receiver.
Pressure drop between the receiver and the point of use should be kept at a minimum. The loss should be 3% or less of the line pressure.
4.4 Identify The New Technology Using In This System The electric generator is the motor that is used to compress air. At night, it uses electricity to create a mechanical force, and in the daytime mechanical power is applied to generate electricity.
Textiles
Agitating liquids, clamping, conveying, automated equipment, controls and actuators, loom jet weaving, spinning, texturizing
Apparel
Furniture
Air piston powering, tool powering, clamping, spraying, controls and actuators
Chemicals
Petroleum
Tool powering, clamping, controls and actuators, forming, mold press powering, injection molding
Conveying, blending, mixing, controls and actuators, glass blowing and molding, cooling
Primary Metals
Metals Fabrication
Assembly station powering, tool powering, controls and actuators, injection molding, spraying
4.4.2 Explain The Concept That Industry Apply Industrial facilities use compressed air for a multitude of operations. Almost every industrial facility has at least two compressors, and in a medium-sized plant there may be hundreds of different uses of compressed air.
4.4.3 Indentify New Technology Concept Using Now A variable-speed drive (VSD) air compressor is an air compressor that takes advantage of variable-speed drive technology. This type of compressor uses a special drive to control the speed (RPM) of the unit, which in turn saves energy compared to a fixed speed equivalent The benefits of this technology included reducing power cost, reducing power surges (from starting AC motors), and delivering a more constant pressure. The down side of this technology is the heavy expense associated with the drive, and the sensitivity of these drives specifically to heat and moisture.