Kural 1:

Bouktan sonra as well as

varsa ncek bouk NOUN omadr.
as we as yapsnda araya hbrey
gemez.
Kural 2:
,and
,but
,so
,for (,) vrgden sonra geen
yapar
,yet
,then
,or /, nor
,whereas
Kural 3:
ALTHOUGH-Still ilikisini unutma!!!!
Kural 4:
You ma be., !ut..
MAY grnce BUT ara!!!!!!!!!!!


Kural ":
Suppose that IF yaps T#$% 2
kuraar geer.
Supposng
Provded that IF yaps T#$% 2
kuraar geer.
Provdng
Kural &:
A is ' yaps varsa;
A s B, thus
ony sonras bouk % 100 f
(NG)li our .
thereby
generay
Kural *:
range from A to B.
vary from A to B.
vary between A to B.
dffer from A.
Kural +:
So ong as IF yapsdr.
As ong as
As sfat as Sfat oan ong e
kuandgnda k eyn benzergn yapmak
n kuanr.
My story s as l,n- as your story.
Kural .:
/,r0 n,un
/,r0 S1O
Kural 12:
N,w t3at
Seein- t3at Cme bana ger.
4nasmu53 as
in t3at
6,r Cme bana gemez

in t3at 7S1O -elir8 9 as re-ar:s 7n,un
-elir8
Kural 11:
THOUGH
1. Athough/Even Though anam.
2. Cme sonunda kuanm ve
ynede/ama anam.
Kural 12:
ST4LL
1. Tense soruarnda st grnce
Present rense ser.
2. Baga soruarnda Athough/Even
though/Though gb br baga ser.
AN; 0 s,
'UT 0
e<en s,
Preposton
oan /O=
Because oan
/O=
so a:> that
such a:>0n,un
that

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Anlam?
:
a@?s?n
:an
n,un as
well as
Ztk bagaarnn odugu ana
cmede: stilA ne<ert3elessA
n,net3elessA wasBwere a!le
t,A !utA etA mana-e t, oabr.

A 6rien: ,6 mine
CmineD :,Eru me
,lmaFGH

condton in
stutaton in
Kural 13 :
WHLE Ana cmenn sonuna
gerse, nne
WHEREAS <ir-Il 7A8 ger.
1. JFneler 6arkl?A
2. Kamanlar an? ,lmal?:?rH
3. K?tl?k ister (but/however/ yet gb)
Kural 14:
brek yazan so
that ama@
(yapabmek n)
bdrr.
O kadark
anamnda sebep-
sonu bdrr.
Ksatmas as t,
e yapr.
Kural 1":
',t3 GH An:GH
Not ony GH'ut 7als,8GH
NetherGHN,rGH ikin5i
k?s?m:an sonra geen
EtherGHOrGH zneye gre
tek yada
ogu f
ourH
Kural 1&:
11 gerse kars will
3a<e 13

will 3a<e !een 1in-
12 gerse kars 3a:
13
3
a: !een 1in-
! t3e time9 ! t3e en: ,69!
Kural 1*:
O<er 0 Lresent sIre@ future
O<er 0 Last sIre@ present
perfect
Hen5e 6ar
T3us 6ar present perfect/ present
perfect cont.
S, 6ar
Kural 1+:
At the moment
At present
Presenty
For the tme beng
Constanty
Now
7n,w Lresent Ler6e5t :e ,la!ilir8
Kural 1.:
last ear (ber zaman)
12
; U=4NG
last ears (bersz zaman)
3a<eB3as 13
Kural 22:
'e6,re <e Until 3ari@A !aEla@ tara6? Mn5e
,lan ,la? anlat?rH
7Last Faman8
N3en HA; 13A 12 a:a 12A 12
On5e
A6ter 7Lresent Faman8
As s,,n as 11A will 11 a:a
3a<eB3as 13A will 11
Kural 21:
n case
est SHOUL; ster.
fort the fear that
(3timaline kar?nA ,lursa :ieA
k,rkusulaGHH
Kural 22:
On my own ,wn)lar ,n al?rH
By mysef sel6)ler ! al?rH
S, t3at0
S1O
so a:> that
such a:>0n,un
that

s,nra -elen
6iil O122
@,Eul 6iil ,lurH
' t3e
time
dan
sonra
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=
Kural 23:
AN#: Oumsuz cmede kuanr ama
cmey oumsuzatrmaz.
TOO: Oumu cmede kuanr ve cmey
oumsuzatrr.
Kural 24:
An: 3er3an-i !ir
An :,5t,r 9 3er3an-i !ir :,kt,r
S,me: tek Bmutlak
S,me wa9 mutlakBtek ,l
Kural 2":

<er 7-8


,nl a 7-8
Puite a 708
7a l,t ,68
>ust a 7-8

a 708
Kural 2&:

<er 7-8


,nl a 7-8
Puite a 708

>ust a 7-8

a 708
Kural 2*:
QQQQQQQQQQ t3e m,st !eati6ul
7suLerlati<e8

! 6ar
6ar an: awa
Puite <er
mu53
Kural 2+:
QQQQQQQQQQ m,re !eaiti6ul 75,mLarati<e8
e<en
rat3er
6ar
mu53Bsli-3tl
al,t Ba -reat :ealBa little
Kural 2.: UNUTRA: asGas
70B-8 s,GHHas 7-8
Cme oumu (+) se:
I work _______ as much as A.
twi5eB t3ree timesB6,ur times
Cme oumsuz (-) se:
I dont work _____ as much as A.
Puite
Kural 32:
by O42 % fadeern bana by
ger.
_______ tw, milli,n >,!s
alm,stB all !ut bu ekde
saysa
nearlBr,u-3l fadeern
nne bu
aLLr,SimatelBa!,ut yapar
ger.
uL t,Bas man as
Kural 31:
in 5ase ,6 NOUN
in 5ase S1O S1O
s3,ul:
11
3a<eB3as 13
Kural 32:
GiFli 4/ oan 'UT var UNUTRA!!!!
5,ul:Bw,ul:Bmi-3t 11
11

5,ul:Bw,ul:Bmi-3t
12
HA1% 13
Few
Litt
le
The <er
best
'U
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S

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O
=
Cme banda
gedkernde
cme ;%1=(K
our.
Sonrasnda
MFne yoksa 11
ger
Sonrasnda
MFne varsa 12
ger
Kural 33:
Ought ____to
Have ____ to
Has _____ to
Are _____ to

4/ aL?s?:?r
#et yada Als, ger.
Kural 34: (ki
5Imle !aElamaF

/iil
an?na -elirH
T,Eunl
ukla ken:isin:en
s,nra 6iilin !ir
:ere5e Last? al?n?rH

-m?
-i!i
Kural 3":
5,mLarati<e an: 5,mLarati<e
yapsndan sonra present contnous tense
ger.
!etter an: !etter amBisBare 1 in-
ger.
m,re an: m,re
Kural 3&:
Kendsnden
sonra NOUN ger.
Anam: Ue
-elin5e.
Kural 3*:
Sin5e V2, have/has V3
V2, have/has been Vng
ever snce=snce
Kural 3+:
s, t3at V2 75an-5,ul:8
in ,r:er t3at
in ,r:er t, R2 7ma-mi-3t8
s, as t,
as t, N2 7will-w,ul:8
t, 1%=' -elirrrrrGHH
Kural 3.:
All0time $er6e5t V,ntin,usar
ger.
%arlier Cme sonuna gedkernde
HA; 13 ar.
'e6,re
On5e
Kural 42:
Ne<er Ha<eB3as 13
Alrea: Ha: 13
Wust Nill 3a<e 13):en !iri -elirH
(perfect yapar)
#et
wasBwere 1in- <arsa
N3enBN3ileBWust as BAs
At t3is
time
Kural 41:
Ha: 13 <arsa 12 ara!!!
Ha: 13-Ha: 13 asa yan yana
gemez.
Ha: 13- wasBwere 1in- e asa yan
yana gemez.
N,ul:-Ha: 'een 1in- asa yan yana
gemez.
12-12 yan yana ger.
wasBwere 1in-- wasBwere 1in- yan
yana ger.
Kural 42:
O/ ALL varsa superatve yap ara.
Superatve br yap bz ogunuka $resent
$er6e5t tense gtrr.
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S

/
O
=
Cme banda
gedkernde
cme ;%1=(K
our.
Sonrasnda
MFne yoksa 11
ger
Sonrasnda
MFne varsa 12
ger
Sin5e Kural? UNUTRA!
As l,n-
as
Kural 43:
11- Ha<eBHas 13 sadece AND ve
BUT varsa yan
yana ger.
Ha<eBHas 13- Ha<e BHas 13 sadece
AND ve BUT 7perfect yapar asa
varsa yan yana ger.
yan yana gemez8
Kural 44:
QQQQQQ A
QQQQQQ H
QQQQQQ LreL,siti,n
QQQQQQ !aEla@
QQQQQQ Lla5e
QQQQQQ time
Kural 4":
Jnerme VImlesi Last ise kar?s? en aF
12 ,lmal?H
He sad that __V2__(en az V2)
Jnerme VImlesi Lresent ise kar?s? en
6aFla 12 ,lmal?H
He say that ___V2_(en faza V2)
Kural 4&:
QQQQQQQQQ A
Kural 4*:
Neit3er
Onl
Har:lBS5ar5elB'arel
N,t ,nl
At n, time
N,BN,ne
Ne<er
N, s,,ner
Kural 4+: (t is kal?!?
t s frst tme have/has V3
second tme
t s tme + t, -,
t s tme A ( ) + 12
t was tme Aye ( )+ 3a: 13
Kural 4.:
N3enBN3ileBWust asBas
(zaman anam)
AS Ru53 asBWust asBas (parae
anam-gb)
'e5auseBSin5eBas (nk-n
anam)
Kural "2 :
Wust as
Ru53 as S1O
As
Sa:e5e As 0 NOUN -elirse C,larakD
anlam?n:a:?rH
As 0 S1O -elirse C-i!iD
anlam?n:a:?rH
Kural "1:
An l,n-er
An m,re
N, l,n-er US%; TO 11) a -MtIrIrH
7-e@mi8
N, m,re
N,t: (ki S1O a !ir !aEla@la a:a !ir
k?saltma ile !aElan?rH
Kural "2:

w,ul: rat3er
4 w,ul: >ust as s,,n
w,ul: s,,ner

A
S

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A
S

/
O
=
Bouktan sonra
bunardan br varsa
bouk O+2
Lassi<e)dr.
Cme banda
gedkernde
cme ;%1=(K
our.
Bunar ke ayn anama
gerer.
k SVO bagarar.
Lke+ noun ger.
Bouga,
That gemez.
Noun cause gemez.
Tou ksatma gemez.
Adverba cause gemez.
f cause gemez.
Sonrasnda
MFne yoksa 11
ger
Sonrasnda
MFne varsa 12
ger
Subjunctive yaplar:an
sonra should V1
kullanlmaktadr.
Should kullanlmadnda ise
filin yaln hali kullanlr.
Shoud V1 yada shoud
atr ve sadece V1
ger.
Cmey
oumsuzatr
rar.
Kural "3:
(t GGGGGGHH t3at
$ASS(1%
He GGGGGGH t,
T3eBs3eBwe
7it 3ari@ tIm MFneler8
Kural "4:
XU(T%)dan sonrak bouga w3at (wh
soruar)
a l,t ,6
<er!
suLerlati<
e yapar ger.
Kural "":
wit3 708
wit3,ut 7-8 0 n,un KA=/ UG(KL(
4/ 7TLe2BTLe38
a:<er!
a:>e5ti<e 0 as ALTHOUGH
t3,u-3
Kural "&:
K?a6etler (N al?rH
(Men n back syah gyen adamar)
Aksesuarlar N(TH al?rH
(Women wth red krmz takan kadnar)
Kural "*:
NOUN
NOUN
VERB
VERB
Vng
Vng
HAD V3
HAD V3
ADV./AD|.
ADV./AD|.
Ardk yapar ster
Kural "+:
NOT GGGGGGGGHH'UT Kal?!?na
;ikkat:
Rerel 'ut als,
S,lel As well
Onl T,,
'u aL?lar:a -ele!ilirGHH
Kural ". :
(zneer ayn) (zne
fark, tense ayn)
ALTHOUGH
NH(L%BNH%=%AS
However, In
contrast,
Nonetheess,
Conversey,
Nevertheess, On
the other hand
Even so, WUST ASBRUVH ASBAS
St, Yet on the contrary
(zneer ayn, cmeerden br
oumsuz)
Kural &2:
G(KL( (/ !!! 7#OKSA8

must
W
ought to
Woud V1
shoud
Woud Have V3
had better
Kural &1:
Economcs/Mathematcs + (S
Bm daar -s e de btse S ar.
Kural &2:
S, iki ar? 5Imle !aElarGH
Su53 iki ar? 5Imle
!aElamaFG
N3et3er iki ar? 5Imle !aElamaFG
T3at
46 iki ar? 5Imle !aElarGH
$reL,siti,n:an s,nra
AN;
'UT
O=
' U T
,rA
,r elseA
Y
,t3erwis
eA
N,ul: like 0 t,
11
Like
Hate 0
1in-
;islike
Subjunctive yaplar:an
sonra should V1
kullanlmaktadr.
Should kullanlmadnda ise
filin yaln hali kullanlr.
Shoud V1 yada shoud
atr ve sadece V1
ger.
#%S9 T3at)s
ri-3t
S, RUVH
n,un t3at
RAN#
/%N
L4TTL%
Su53 A LOT O/
n,un t3at

i6 <e t3at -elmeFH
Kural &3:
SO9 e anlaml?lar?:
Therefore
As a consequence/ consequenty
Fort ths reason
As a resut
Thus/Hence
Accordngy
That s why
Kural &4:
AN; 9 e anlaml?lar?:
As we as
Besdes
Moreover
Furthermore
Aso
n Addcton
Further
Kural &":
/O=9 e anlaml?lar?:
Because
Snce
As
Inasmuchas
On the grands that
Seeng that/now that/n that
Kural && :
SU'WUNVT(1%!!!!
4t)s 5ru5ial
4t)s imL,rtant
4t)s si-ni6i5ant
4t)s <ital
imL,rtan5e
si-ni6i5an5e
ur-en5
Kural &*:
OnBuL,n 5Imle !a?n:a ise ;%1=(K ,lurH
NH%NBAS SOON AS ile e anlaml?:?rH
is ,6-are ,6 3a<e -,tB3as -,t
is t,-are t, must
Kural &+:
S1O0 as well S1O 0t,, ile
an?:?rH
I ove pzza. I ove cakeA as wellH

t,,
Kural &.:
t3e Puesti,n like
t3is

NOUN ke ths
smden sonra
n,un 0 like t3is such as gb..
Kural *2:
Utm,st9 T3e R,st
Utm,st0 isim
T3e m,st0 s?6at
when a snge man geme aret
woud ve gemtek akank
used to ve gemtek akank
Kural *1:
Zarf+sm = bye br ey yok
Zarf+sfat = the most beatfu
Zarf+zarf =
Zarf+sfat+sm = sgnfcanty benefca
nformaton
Sfat+sm = red book
Kural *2:
Kiie MF-I s?6atlar O/ al?rGHH
t3
,u-3tless ,6
Nesnee MF-I s?6atlar /O=
al?rG
' U T
Subjunctive yaplar:an
sonra should V1
kullanlmaktadr.
Should kullanlmadnda ise
filin yaln hali kullanlr.
Shoud V1 yada shoud
atr ve sadece V1
ger.
S, RUVH
n,un t3at
RAN#
/%N
L4TTL%
Su53 A LOT O/
n,un t3at

$resent br ey kuanmaz.
7$AST8
V,ul: 11
N,ul: 11 modaar
kuanr.
V,ul: 3a<e 13
zneer ayn se Cw,ul:D
kuanmaz.
At t3e moment am/s/are Vng
At t3at moment V2
Kural *3:
T3e reas,n 6,r my faure is the exam
tsef.

1.f
T3e reas,n w3 I 6aile: is the exam tsef.
1.f 2.f
Kural *4:
$ress: me:a
;eLress: IFmek
OLLress: 6iFiksel iken5e
=eLress: eFiet @ektirmek
SuLLress: !ast?rmak
V,mLress: s?k?t?rmak
Kural *":
Gerun: 71in-8 ile !alaan MFneler
:aima tekil 6iil al?r <e sa?lmaFlarH
Tea53in- stu:ents is 3ar:H

ogu zne omasna ragmen
Kural *&:
T3e num!er ,6 is 7tekil 6i6l8
The number of stores n ths book is ten.
A num!er ,6 are 7@,Eul 6iil8
A number of stores were nterestng.
Kural **:
'e -,in- t, 11 -ele5ekte
Llanlanm? elem
Nill 11 -ele5ekte ,lmas?
,las? elemler
G,01in- go fnden sonra tense ne
oursa osun
Vng ger.
go fshng go vstng
go dancng go payng
Kural *+:
t,, s?6at t,
s?6at en,u-3 t,
s?6at t,
11 -elirH
t, 7in ,r:er t,Bs, as t,8
t3e 6irst t,
t3e se5,n: t,
Kural *.:
Sa3iLlik s?6atlar?n:an s,nra -elen aL?
4NG 7Gerun:8
Most of the members pad ther dues
wthout m askin- them.
Za3?s Famirlerin:en s,nra -elen aL? TO
11 7in6initi<e8
I tod 3im t, 5,me eary.
Kural +2:
4 t3ink N(LL isterGH
4 3,Le
1e %mir 5Imleleri
Kural +1:


Kural +2:
dependent ,n
ndependent ,6
ndepence 6r,m
dependence ,n
reance ,n
' U T
Mrne
k
S, RUVH
n,un t3at
RAN#
/%N
L4TTL%
Su53 A LOT O/
n,un t3at

am
is 0 likel
t,9ma
are
$resent br ey kuanmaz.
7$AST8
V,ul: 11
N,ul: 11 modaar
kuanr.
V,ul: 3a<e 13
zneer ayn se Cw,ul:D
kuanmaz.
At t3e moment am/s/are Vng
At t3at moment V2
At t3e
m,ment=now/
at
present
(zaman zarf)
T3e
m,ment=when

(baga)
akin
t,9similar t,
Kural +3:
46 ,nl 9 4 wis3
7TLe28
7TLe38
4 wis3
Kural +4: UNUTRA!
Kural +":
Onl i6= i6 7:e<rik8
N,t: Ony f cme bamda se, knc ksm
devrk our.
46 ,nl9 4 wis3 7TLe 2BTLe 38
N,t: 46 cmeer her k taraf 11-11 dnda
asa ayn tense omaz.
Kural +&:
(lk k?s?m
ikin5i k?s?m
N3en 11
On5e
Nill 11
As s,,n as 3a<eB3as 13
Kural +*:
+noun +noun
If t hadn been for In spte of
Amost
If t werent for Despte
Practcay
(Type 2/Type3)
Kural ++:
/,r all
[;esLite
[4n sLite ,6
[N,twit3stan:in- s,nra n,un
-elirH
[SVO geecekse Ct3e 6a5t t3atD arar.(For
a har)
Kural +.:
=e5ent sa:e5e 3a<eB3as 13
=e5entl 3a<eB3as 13

12
t3at w3i539 w3at
Kural .2:
+ whch
+ whom
+whose
w3ere 9 LreL,siti,n0 w3i53 (from whch
har)
Kural .1: Kural .2:
E anams: by
means of whch
A system, a
method, a scheme gb ad bekern zeyen
br bagatr.
1ir-Il:
en
s,nra
1in--13
-elirH
$reL,siti,n
:an s,nra
1in- -elirH
VImle t,
<e 11 ile
!alama
FH
$reL)ten s,nra
?6A w3A t3at
-elmeFH
$asi6ler:e
n s,nra t,
-elirH
$resent br ey kuanmaz.
7$AST8
V,ul: 11
N,ul: 11 modaar
kuanr.
V,ul: 3a<e 13
zneer ayn se Cw,ul:D
kuanmaz.
'UT
/O=
/O=
ALL
ALL
'UT
;esLite <e in sLite
,6):an s,nra 1in-
:e -elirH
$=%$OS4T4ON
At t3e moment am/s/are Vng
At t3at moment V2
NH%=%'
#
/iil:en s,nra
13)lI k?saltma
-elmeFH
At t3e
m,ment=now/
at
present
(zaman zarf)
T3e
m,ment=when

(baga)
N,ul: rat3er
t3an
N,ul: Lre6er
rat3er t3an
Kural .3:

(smin an?na -elir 6iil a:a
s?6at an?na -elir
7a:>e5ti<e 5lause8 7n,un
5lause8
n,un0t3at S1O
<er!0t3at S1O
S a:a 1 eksik ,lmal? S1O tam
,lmal?
Kural .4:
<ia9! wa ,6
Ne went t, Rersin <ia K,naH
<ia <ersa 9 a:a tam tersi
Kural .": Kural .&:
N3ate<er
N3ene<er 0 RA# -elirH
N3eree<er

Kural .*:
N(LL
-elmeFGH
1in-)li
aL?lar -elmeFGH
Until9Till
N3en9N3ile9As9Wust as
N3ilst
Kural .+:
S(R$L%
$AST
S(R$L%
$=%S%NT
$=%S%NT
$%=/%VT
$AST
$%=/%VT

Kural ..:
Sin5e
3ari@
3a<eB3as 13
3a<eB3as
!een 1in- -elmeFG
Kural 122:
SIre@ <arsa will 3a<e
!een 1in-
76,r tw, 3,urs8 3a<eB3as !een
1in-
3a: !een
1in-
#ani CDLer6e5t 5,ntinu,usD aL?lar
ter5i3 e:ilmeli
Kural 121:

$AST
-erektirirH
N3en 4
6irst
N3en 4
last ile e anlaml?GH
Kural 122:
(l-i !aEla@lar?n:a Faman uumuna
:ikkat!!!!!
Athough V2 ester:a, V2.
Athough w V1 neSt week, V2 ester:a.
Athough past, past.
present, present. Kaman
uumu araH
THAT
At t3e
m,ment=now/
at
present
(zaman zarf)
T3e
m,ment=when

(baga)
T3at)s w39
!e5ause
T3at)s ri-3t9
es
Zaman
bagac
tarafna
Kaman
!aEla5?
tara6?na
sa:e5e
Zaman
bagacnn
dndak
cmeye
The ast
tme
The frst
tme
N,ul: rat3er
t3an
N,ul: Lre6er
rat3er t3an
Seenekte
Am/Is/Are Vng
Was/were Vng varsa

,n Apr 28th in
1968
n concuson
a n a
to sum up
to summarze


n summary
n bref
n short
To be bref
N3en
3ari@
s,ru
ekleri iki
S1O
!aElama
FH
Kural 123:
3a<en)tB3asn)t 13
7still):en s,nra 3a<e
:,ne ,lumlu ,lamaF8
4 3a<e :,neGHA 4 still
3a<en)t :,neGHH H
11 et
5an :,
is :,in-
Kural 124:
4 3,Le t3at will 11
4 Lr,mise t3at
4 3,Le: t3at w,ul: 11
4 Lr,mise: t3at
Kural 12": TAX Xuesti,n
Sentence Connectorn ne gre
4 3a: w,rke: 3ar:Y3,we<erA 4 6aile:A
:i:n)t 4\
Adverba causenn dna gre
A6ter 4 3a: w,rke: 3ar:A 4 mana-e:A
:i:n)t 4\
Kural 12&:
Get
All,w 7s!8 t, 11
/,r5e
7smt8 13
Rake
Let 7s!8 1in-
Ha<e
Kural 12*:
Verb
Ad|ectve
Idea
Opnon
S 0 1 0
O
(what/who)
(what/who)
Kural 12+:
V,m
Larati<e aL?:?r
Kural 12.:
smn yanna geen k?saltma 3a<e
13 omaz.
Vrgden sonra t,)lu k?saltma
gemez.
Verbn yanna 13)lI k?saltma
gemez.
Whn yanna t,)lu k?saltma ger
(why har)
Cme yanna t,)lu k?saltma gemez.
Cme bana
Kural 112:
VImle s,nuna -elen aL?larY
A TOO ,lumlu 5Imle:e 7:eA :a8
A %4TH%= ,lumsuF 5Imle:e 7:eA :a8
A #%T Ler6e5t aL?:a ,lumsuF 7:eA :a8
A AS N%LL ,lumlu 5Imle:e 7:eA :a8
4NST%A; erine anlam?n:a
S1OA S1OA T3,u-3BA6terwar:s!aEla@
,larak
Kural 111:
11
12
Nill 11
Ha<eB3as
13

Kural 112:
am
is
1in- -elirG
are
ST4
LL
T3at
N3et3er 0 S1O
7tam 5Imle8
46
N,ul: rat3er
t3an
N,ul: Lre6er
rat3er t3an
N,ul: rat3er
mu53
N,ul: >ust as
s,,n
N,ul: s,,ner
T3an
sa:e5e
5,mLH
ile
kullan?l?r
H
S1O):a
n
,luan
!asit !ir
5Imle:
e
#ani ana
Famanlar
kullan?l?rG
Vurrentl
V,nstantl
/,r t3e time
!ein-
/,re<er
(n5reasin-l
Alwas
Seenekte
Am/Is/Are Vng
Was/were Vng varsa

,n Apr 28th in
1968
n concuson
a n a
to sum up
to summarze


n summary
n bref
n short
To be bref
4 :,n)t kn,w QQQQQ
i6B
w3et3erBw3,B3,wBw3
4 kn,w QQQQQ

t3at
Thanks to +noun
+ Vng
ksatma
+ noun cause
11 ile
3a<eB3as 13

ALL
Kural 113:
Zaman bagaarndan w3enBw3ileB>ust
asBas aranr.
'e5auseA Alt3,u-3 gb sebep
bagaarnn ne ger.
Kural 114:
Ayar in ar. Gner ,n ar. Yar in ar.
Ay+gn on ar. (gner baskndr)
Kural 11":
'%TN%%N iki e aras?n:a
ARONG sa?s?n?n ka@
,l:uEunu !ilme:iEimiF
@,k e aras?n:a
Kural 11&:
HON\ !Bt3r,u-3
NH# t, B 6,r
Kural 11*:
Ha
<eB3as 13
Ha
<eB3as !een 1in-
Kural 11+:
A'OUT 7il-iliBalakal?8
anamndadr.
Kural 11.:

Sonu
oarak/ zete

'u aL?lar
Lara-ra6?n ilk
5Imlesin:e
er alma?L
:iEer 3er
er:e ,la!ilirlerH
Kural 122:
Kural 121:
N3et3er |ack s happy s certan.
I dont know w3et3erBi6 |ack s happy.
Kural 122:
Too much eknde br tamama nde
kuanmar
Too many se oumu cmede oma..
Seenekte
Am/Is/Are Vng
Was/were Vng varsa

,n Apr 28th in
1968
in t3e w,rl:
,n t3e eart3
at =amaFan
,n =amaFan :a
T3r,u-3,ut
4n 0
S]=%T
;urin-
O<er
a6ter9 a6terwar:s9su!sePuent t,9in
t3e wake ,6
=e-ar:in-
As t, 0
n,un
V,n5ernin-
n concuson
a n a
to sum up
to summarze


n summary
n bref
n short
To be bref
FIRST
SECON
D
THIRD
ONE
ANOTHE
R
A THIRD
FIRST AND
FOREMOST
ALSO
MOREOVER
NOUN VLAUS% OLAN NH%TH%=B4/:
VImle !a?n:a sa:e5e w3et3er kullan?l?rA
i6 kullan?lmaFH
Much
(-/?)
Many
(-/?)
A ot of
(+)
4 :,n)t kn,w QQQQQ
i6B
w3et3erBw3,B3,wBw3
4 kn,w QQQQQ

t3at
Thanks to +noun
+ Vng
ksatma
+ noun cause
11 ile
3a<eB3as 13

ALL
Anam btngn
soruarnda tense
degkg varsa
Faman Far6?na
bak (now/recent)
T3at)s t,
sa9ani
Whenever/Everytme+LastA
use: t, 11

A w,ul: 11

Prepostonarda
n sonra geen
yap ngdr.
(to har)

Kural 123: Kural 124 :
(-)
(+)
Kural 12" : V]RL% SONUN;AGHH
SA;%V% 708
V]RL%;%

SA;%V%
7-8 V]RL%;%
H%R 708 H%R 7-8
V]RL%;%
Kural 12& :
Oumu cmede and
anamnda.
Oumsuz cmede
except anamnda.
Kural 12*:
Athough-
Because grubu
bagaar har
asa
yan yana
gemez.
Kural 12+ :
1. $reL,siti,n
e kuanmaz.
2. Arkaarndan
asa 1er!
gemez.
Kural 12. :

T3e w3,le !,,k All time
All !,,ks
Kural 132 :
Kural 1 31: F?tl?k isterler
Uness ne oumsuz yap amaz. Oumsuz
cme varsa
Oumsuz yap kar tarafta our. her k
tarafta da our.
Uness (+), (-). Even
f (-),(-).
Kural 132:
Someone ,ne- !,: 9 t3e
Anybody
Everythng t3in--w3ere9 it
Nowhere
%<er!,: is at 3,meA aren)t t3e\
Because +SVO
As a resut,
+SVO
Because of +noun
As a resut of,
+noun
4 :,n)t kn,w QQQQQ
i6B
w3et3erBw3,B3,wBw3
4 kn,w QQQQQ

t3at
t,,A as wellA
s,Aas
eit3erA neit3erA
n,r
als,
Thanks to +noun
+ Vng
ksatma
+ noun cause
A$A=T
/=OR
11 ile
3a<eB3as 13
NOT: as i6Bas t3,u-3 fn
yanna ger.
A;W VLAUS%
,lan
N3en
N3ere
N3
NHOL%

ALL
NH
aL?lar:a
k?saltma t,
ile aL?l?rH
7w3 3ari@8
Unless9 46
n,t
%<en i6
$r,5ess + by
whch
Rean + by
whch
That whch=
what
Anam btngn
soruarnda tense
degkg varsa
Faman Far6?na
bak (now/recent)
Whenever/Everytme+LastA
use: t, 11

A w,ul: 11

Zaman uyumuna
dkkat et!!!!

Prepostonarda
n sonra geen
yap ngdr.
(to har)

Kural 133:
Bouktan sonra sfat yada zarf varsa:
How k ayr cme
bagamaz..
Kural 134:
past 1982 1982
now
until 1.+2
sin5e 1.+2
(1982e kadar)
(1982den ber)
Kural 13":
br sonucu gsterr cme banda
kuanmaz.
Ancak CS,GHt3atD devrk cmede cme bana
ger.
So beautfu s she that...
Kural 13&:
Kural 13*:
%<ertime9N3ene<er %100 S. Present
I met A whenever I go to Van.
An5ak
N3ene<er 4 went t, 1anA 4 w,ul: <isit itH
Kural 13+ :
Be key to= may
Be abe to= can
Be gong to= w
Be supposed to=shoud
Used to=woud
Have to/have got to=must
Kural 13. : Kural 142:
Go fnden sonra tense ne oursa osun Vng
ger.
Kural 141:
Very X Too FARKI
Veryok (very expensve ok paha ama
anabr.)
Too ar ok (too expensve ok paha
amam mkansz)

Kural 142:
JK%LL(KL% anlam?n:a Far6lar:
Many Chefy
Specfcay Predomnanty
Prmary
Especay
Prncpay
Mosty
Kural 143:

Teachng
students s hard.
Kural 144 :
H,w
a:>e5ti<e
H,we<er
a:<er!
N, matter 3,w
SO
Dyaog
soruarnda
N3at)l? soruara
geneke Nell
e cevap verr.
Prepostonardan
sonra i6Bw3et3er
Bt3at gemez.
Cmede br f
our, kncs
ksatmadr.
Anam btngn
soruarnda tense
degkg varsa
Faman Far6?na
bak (now/recent)
k sm
brerken
araya of ar.
Whenever/Everytme+LastA
use: t, 11

A w,ul: 11

R,:al011 7Lresent
m,:al8
R,:al03a<eB3as 13
7 Last m,:al8
Gerun: ile
!alaan MFneler
:aime tekil 6iil
al?r H
Go fshng
Go
campng
Go dancng
Zaman uyumuna
dkkat et!!!!

Prepostonarda
n sonra geen
yap ngdr.
(to har)

fden sonra w
gemezzzzzz.
1ir-Il:en
s,nra THAT
-elmeFG