Most Wanted Windows DOS Commands

BISWARUP SALUI
Microsoft DOS is a command line user interface first introduced in 1981 for IBM computers and was last updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6. was released. !lthou"h MS-DOS is not commonl# used toda#$ the command shell used throu"h Microsoft %indows is. &his pa"e contains some most used and wanted windows Dos 'ommands. !ccessi(ilit# 'ontrols ) access.cpl !dd *ardware %i+ard ) hdwwi+.cpl !dd,-emo.e /ro"rams ) appwi+.cpl !dministrati.e &ools ) control admintools !utomatic 0pdates ) wuaucpl.cpl Bluetooth &ransfer %i+ard ) fs1uirt 'alculator ) calc 'ertificate Mana"er ) certm"r.msc 'haracter Map ) charmap 'hec2 Dis2 0tilit# ) ch2ds2 'lip(oard 3iewer ) clip(rd 'ommand /rompt ) cmd 'omponent Ser.ices ) dcomcnf" 'omputer Mana"ement ) compm"mt.msc Date and &ime /roperties ) timedate.cpl DD4 Shares ) ddeshare De.ice Mana"er ) de.m"mt.msc Direct 5 'ontrol /anel 6If Installed78 ) direct9.cpl Direct 5 &rou(leshooter ) d9dia" Dis2 'leanup 0tilit# ) cleanm"r Dis2 Defra"ment ) dfr".msc Dis2 Mana"ement ) dis2m"mt.msc Dis2 /artition Mana"er ) dis2part Displa# /roperties ) control des2top,des2.cpl Dr. %atson S#stem &rou(leshootin" 0tilit# ) drwtsn: Dri.er 3erifier 0tilit# ) .erifier 4.ent 3iewer ) e.ent.wr.msc ;ile Si"nature 3erification &ool ) si".erif ;indfast ) findfast.cpl ;olders /roperties ) control folders ;onts ) control fonts ;onts ;older ) fonts ;ree 'ell 'ard <ame ) freecell <ame 'ontrollers ) =o#.cpl <roup /olic# 4ditor 65/ /rof7 ) "pedit.msc *earts 'ard <ame ) mshearts Ie9press %i+ard ) ie9press Inde9in" Ser.ice ) ciad..msc Internet /roperties ) inetcpl.cpl I/ 'onfi"uration ) ipconfi" >a.a 'ontrol /anel 6If Installed7 ) =picpl: .cpl >a.a !pplication 'ache 3iewer 6If Installed7 ) =a.aws ?e#(oard /roperties ) control 2e#(oard

@ocal Securit# Settin"s ) @ocal 0sers and <roups ) @o"s Aou Out Of %indows ) Microsoft 'hat ) Minesweeper <ame ) Mouse /roperties ) control Mouse /roperties ) Betwor2 'onnections ) control Betwor2 'onnections ) Betwor2 Setup %i+ard ) Botepad ) B.iew Des2top Mana"er 6If Installed7 ) O(=ect /ac2a"er ) ODB' Data Source !dministrator ) On Screen ?e#(oard ) Opens !': ;ilter 6If Installed7 ) /assword /roperties ) /erformance Monitor ) /erformance Monitor ) /hone and Modem Options ) /ower 'onfi"uration ) /rinters and ;a9es ) control /rinters ;older ) /ri.ate 'haracter 4ditor ) Cuic2time 6If Installed7 ) -e"ional Settin"s ) -e"istr# 4ditor ) -e"istr# 4ditor ) -emote Des2top ) -emo.a(le Stora"e ) -emo.a(le Stora"e Operator -e1uests ) -esultant Set of /olic# 65/ /rof7 ) Scanners and 'ameras ) Scheduled &as2s ) control Securit# 'enter ) Ser.ices ) Shared ;olders ) Shuts Down %indows ) Sounds and !udio ) Spider Solitare 'ard <ame ) SC@ 'lient 'onfi"uration ) S#stem 'onfi"uration 4ditor ) S#stem 'onfi"uration 0tilit# ) S#stem ;ile 'hec2er 0tilit# ) S#stem /roperties ) &as2 Mana"er ) &elnet 'lient ) 0ser !ccount Mana"ement ) 0tilit# Mana"er ) %indows ;irewall ) %indows Ma"nifier ) %indows Mana"ement Infrastructure )

secpol.msc lusrm"r.msc lo"off winchat winmine mouse main.cpl netconnections ncpa.cpl netsetup.cpl notepad n.tuicpl.cpl pac2a"er od(ccp: .cpl os2 ac:filter.cpl password.cpl perfmon.msc perfmon telephon.cpl powercf".cpl printers printers eudcedit Cuic2&ime.cpl intl.cpl re"edit re"edit: mstsc ntmsm"r.msc ntmsopr1.msc rsop.msc sticpl.cpl schedtas2s wscui.cpl ser.ices.msc fsm"mt.msc shutdown mms#s.cpl spider cliconf" s#sedit msconfi" sfc s#sdm.cpl tas2m"r telnet nusrm"r.cpl utilman firewall.cpl ma"nif# wmim"mt.msc

%indows %indows %indows %ordpad ) write

S#stem 0pdate 5/

Securit# &ool @aunches &our %i+ard

) ) )

s#s2e# wupdm"r tourstart

Some More Ping

/in" tests a networ2 connection.If successful$ pin" returns the ip address. Its a .er# useful and popular command which we need to chec2 whether our internet connection is wor2in" properl# or not. Syntax /IB< DoptionsE destinationFhost Example: pin" 19 .168.G.1 -t

Ping Options
-w timeout 6&imeout in milliseconds to wait for each repl#7 -i &&@ 6&ime &o @i.e7 -. &OS 6&#pe Of Ser.ice7 -a 6-esol.e addresses to hostnames7 -n count 6Bum(er of echo re1uests to send7 -t 6/in" the destination host until interrupted7 -l si+e 6Send (uffer si+e7 -f 6Set DonHt ;ra"ment fla" in pac2et7 -r count 6-ecord route for count hops7 -s count 6&imestamp for count hops7 -= hostFlist 6@oose source route alon" hostFlist7 -2 hostFlist 6Strict source route alon" hostFlist7 destinationFhost 6&he name of the remote host7

DIR
Displa# a list of files and Syntax DI- Dpathname6s7E Ddispla#FformatE DfileFattri(utesE DsortedE DtimeE DoptionsE Ddispla#FformatE ,/ /ause after each screen of ,% %ide @ist format$ sorted ,D %ide @ist format$ sorted (# .ertical column. DoptionsE ,S include all ,Displa# alternate data streams. 63ista ,B Bare format 6no headin"$ file si+es or ,@ use ,C Displa# the owner of the file. su(folders.

data. hori+ontall#.

su(folders. onl#7 summar#7. @owercase.

CLS
Simpl# t#pin" cls and pressin" enter will clear the dos screen.

EDIT

Syntax 4DI& DdIEDpathEfilename D,BED,<ED,*ED,BO*IE Starts the MS-DOS editor$ a te9t editor used to create and edit !S'II te9t files.

HELP
Syntax *4@/ DcommandE D,BED,<ED,*ED,BO*IE Displa#s information a(out a DOS command.

MEM
Syntax M4M D,pro"ramJ,de(u"J,classif#J,freeJ,module6name7E D,pa"eE Displa#s amount of installed and a.aila(le memor#$ includin" e9tended$ e9panded$ and upper memor#.

chkdsk
Syntax '*?DS? Ddri.eIEDDpathEfilenameE D,;E D,3E D,-E D,@DIsi+eEE Example: '*?DS? 'I ,; Ddri.eIE &he dri.e filename ;ile6s7 to chec2 for fra"mentation 6;!& onl#7. ,; !utomaticall# ;i9 file s#stem errors ,5 ;i9 file s#stem errors ,Scan for and attempt -eco.er#

to on on of the the (ad

chec2. dis2. dis2 sectors.

,3 Displa# the full path ,' S2ip director# corruption chec2s.

and

name

of

e.er#

file

on

the

dis2.

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MS-DOS Command Examples Logging on to a Drive When you type in MS-DOS commands, your drive letter is shown on the command line !ou can log on the "# drive $have the "# drive as your prompt% or on to any valid drive &y 'ust typing in the drive letter (ollowed &y a colon and then pressing Enter When you log on to a drive, all your commands will &e executed on that drive - unless you speci(y otherwise )ere are the steps# * +ut a (loppy dis, into your machine - Open an MS-DOS window !ou will &e at the C#./ prompt $you may &e inside a directory structure, &ut you will &e on the C# drive% 0 "t the prompt, type in "# and press Enter 1 Do a D23 to prove you are now on a &lan, drive $a drive with no (iles on it% Ma,ing " Directory $using M4D23 or MD% 5he way you ma,e directories on a dis, drive is to use the M4D23 command 5he M4D23 command has a shortened (orm called MD and you can use either command interchangea&ly 6or our examples, we will use M4D23 since that command is standard in at least one other operating system $7nix% 6or this exercise, we will ma,e a directory called 63EEDOM on our (loppy dis,ette Which we will use in (ollow-on exercises 5o ma,e the directory, do the (ollowing# * +ut your (loppy dis, into the computer - 8o to MS-DOS and log into the "# drive 0 7sing the M4D23 command, ma,e a directory called 63EEDOM 5he syntax will &e#

M4D23 63EEDOM $&e sure you are on the "# drive when you use the command9%Changing Directories $using C)D23 or CD% Directories are containers that are made to hold your (iles in a nice orderly way 5o get to those directories and to see the (iles in them, you would use a com&ination o( the C)D23 $or CD% commands and the D23 command Do the (ollowing exercise to see how the C)D23 $or CD% command is used * +ut your (loppy dis, in the drive $&e sure you have completed the previous M4D23 tas,% - 8o to the MS-DOS prompt and log on to the "# drive 0 7se the C)D23 command to enter the 63EEDOM directory that you made previously $CD 63EEDOM% 1 7se the D23 command to see that there are no (iles in the directory $only the and and those are (or MS-DOS internal use% : 7sing the ED25 command, ma,e two (iles Call the (irst one """ 5;5 and the second one < 5;5 = Exit the ED25 program and do a D23 o( the directory so you can see the (iles you 'ust made > 7se the C)D23 command to get &ac, to the root o( the "# drive $?CD .? is the command9% 2mportant Shortcuts 5o 3emem&er# 5o change to the 3OO5 directory (rom any directory or su&directory type# C)D23 . @EA5E3B 5o change to the parent directory o( your current directory type# C)D23 @EA5E3B (iles

"dding +arameters to a command " parameter is a letter typed a(ter a command, that tells the command to carry out an extra tas, 5hese

parameters are also called ?switches? 6or instance, a command that you?ve already used is the D23 command 5he command with a parameter might loo, li,e this# D23 CS C+ $ 5he CS and the C+ are the parameters !ou can use either one %5his part 5ells MS-DOS to D23 Show the (iles and directories in the current directory CS C+ and show all the (iles and directories &elow this directory $recurse% and show them one page at a time, waiting (or the user to press ?Enter? &etween pages

Most parameters are optional, however you will discover, over time, ones that you use (reDuently 8o to the DOS prompt now and, with your dis,ette in drive "# do the (ollowing# * Log on to the "# drive - Do a D23 command 0 Do a D23 CS command and note the di((erence Copying 6iles $(irst loo,% When you CO+! a (ile, you ma,e an exact duplicate o( it )owever, no two (iles in the same directory may have the same name So you must either CO+! the (ile to another directory, or copy it to another (ile name We will loo, at copying (iles to another directory in a later lesson, &ut (or this lesson, we want to ma,e some copies o( the (iles we created earlier on our (loppy dis,ette and we want to ,eep all the (iles in the same directory called "#.63EEDOM 5hat means we will have to copy the (iles to di((erent (ile names We want the (ollowing (iles in our "#.63EEDOM directory# " DOCE "" DOCE """ 5;5E < DOCE " 5;5E < 5;5 We will use them in the next lesson Since it doesn?t matter what?s inside the (iles (or

our lesson, we will 'ust copy one o( the (iles we already made to the new (ilenames Do the (ollowing exercise# * +ut your (loppy dis, in drive "# - 8o to the MS-DOS prompt and log onto Drive "# 0 8o to the 63EEDOM directory 1 2n this directory, you already have """ 5;5 and < 5;5 Do the (ollowing CO+! commands# CO+! """ 5;5 " DOC CO+! """ 5;5 "" DOC CO+! """ 5;5 < DOC CO+! """ 5;5 " 5;5 : Do a D23 to see the result Wildcards Wildcards are sym&ols that ena&le you to per(orm an MS-DOS operation on more than one (ile at a time " (ile speci(ication that contains wildcards can re(er to more than one (ile &ecause it gives MSDOS a pattern to match MS-DOS searches (or any (ile whose (ilename or extension matches the pattern 5here are two wildcard characters# F " Duestion mar, in a (ilename or extension means that up to a maximum o( OAE characterCletterCnum&er can occupy that position G "n asteris, in a (ilename or extension means that any num&er o( charactersClettersCnum&ers, $up to maximum o( E28)5 &e(ore the dot, and up to a maximum o( 5)3EE a(ter the dot% can occupy that position AO5E#- 5here can &e LESS than the maximum num&er o( charactersClettersCnum&ers 6or example suppose you had a directory containing the (ollowing (iles, " DOC "" DOC

""" 5;5 < DOC " 5;5 < 5;5 5he (ollowing command and (ile patterns match some or all the a&ove (iles#D23 G DOC 2s the eDuivalent to D23 FFFFFFFF DOC and matches the (irst (our (iles $those with the DOC extension% D23 G G 2s the eDuivalent to D23 FFFFFFFF FFF and matches "LL (iles 7se G G with care e g DEL G G deletes "LL (iles in the current directory, regardless o( extension99 D23 F DOC Matches " DOC and < DOC D23 F G Matches " DOC, < DOC, " 5;5 and < 5;5 D23 "F DOC Matches " DOC and "" DOC D23 "G DOC Matches " DOC, and "" DOCLet?s +ractice9 Do the (ollowing# * +ut your (loppy dis, in the "# drive - 8o to MS-DOS and log on to the "# drive 0 8o to the 63EEDOM directory $CD 63EEDOM% 1 2ssue the (ollowing commands and record the result# a D23 G DOC & D23 G G c D23 F DOC

d D23 F G e D23 "F DOC ( D23 "G DOC 6ormatting a Dis,ette $review% D"A8E3# <E S73E !O7 OAL! 6O3M"5 6LO++2ES9 AEHE3 6O3M"5 !O73 C# D32HE W)EA DO2A8 5)ESE LESSOAS ELSE !O7 W2LL LOSE EHE3!5)2A8 OA !O73 )"3D D32HE99 !ou use the 6O3M"5 command to (ormat a dis,ette We did that in our previous lesson 6ormatting a dis,ette you have previously used erases any data on the dis,ette, so only re(ormat a dis,ette i( you are very sure you don?t need any o( the data on it * 5ype# 6O3M"5 "# @EA5E3B

Aote# 5o put the MS-DOS operating system (iles onto the dis,ette you are (ormatting, add the CS switch to the command 6O3M"5 "# CS @EA5E3B

+utting the operating system on the dis,ette ena&les you to <OO5-7+ the computer (rom the dis,ette 5his dis, is now ,nown as a S!S5EM D2S4 AO5E 5)"5 5)2S COMM"AD DOESA?5 WO34 OA W2ADOWS -III or ;+999 5he Windows -III or ;+ operating system is too &ig to (it on a dis,ette - When this prompt appears on the screen 2nsert new dis,ette (or drive "# and stri,e EA5E3 when ready insert the dis,ette you want to (ormat into drive "# +ress the @Carriage 3eturn B or @ EA5E3 B ,ey 0 When (ormatting is complete, and this prompt appears# 6ormat another $!CA% F 5ype ! $(or yes% to (ormat another dis,ette, A $(or no% to exit (rom the 6O3M"5 command

Copying a Dis,ette !ou use the D2S4CO+! command to ma,e a copy o( a dis,ette <e(ore you run D2S4CO+! &ear in mind# J 5he dis,ette you are copying 63OM is the SO73CE dis,ette 5he dis,ette you are copying 5O is the 5"38E5 dis,ette J !ou don?t need to (ormat the target dis,ette - D2S4CO+! does it (or you J D2S4CO+! erases any in(ormation you already had on the target dis,ette Let?s use D2S4CO+!9 6rom your C drive MS-DOS +rompt, do this# * D2S4CO+! "# "# @EA5E3B - When this message appears# 2nsert SO73CE dis,ette in drive "# +ress any ,ey when ready 2nsert the source dis,ette and press any ,ey when ready9 0 When this message appears# 2nsert 5"38E5 dis,ette in drive "# +ress any ,ey when ready 3emove the SO73CE dis,ette and insert the 5"38E5 dis,ette into drive "# and press any ,ey again 1 When copying is complete this prompt appears# Copy another dis,ette $!CA% F 5ype ! $(or yes% to copy another dis,ette, A $(or no% to exit (rom the D2S4CO+! command AO5E#- Later versions o( MS-DOS may as, i( you wish to ma,e another copy o( the dis,ette, this ma,es another copy W25)O75 having to insert the SO73CE dis,ette again "dditional MS-DOS Commands Chec,ing the Condition o( a Dis,

!ou use the C)4DS4 command to# J Chec, a dis, to see how much space there is availa&le, and how much is in use J 6ix some dis, errors, such as (iles that show a non-Kero siKe &ut that really have no data in them J Display in(ormation a&out the dis,, including the total dis, space, the num&er and siKe o( (iles 5he command# C)4DS4 "# C6 @EA5E3B Chec,s the dis, in drive "# (or errors and (ixes any errors it can 2( C)4DS4 (inds no errors it displays a report li,e this# C#./ch,ds, "# C6 5he type o( the (ile system is 6"5 Holume Serial Aum&er is **EC-0*:I Windows is veri(ying (iles and (olders 6ile and (older veri(ication is complete Windows has chec,ed the (ile system and (ound no pro&lem *,1:>,==1 &ytes total dis, space :*- &ytes in * (olders 0,I>- &ytes in = (iles *,1:1,ILI &ytes availa&le on dis, :*- &ytes in each allocation unit -,L1> total allocation units on dis, -,L1I allocation units availa&le on dis, C#./ 2( the C)4DS4 command reports any errors on the dis,, it displays a message such as# xxx lost clusters (ound in xxx chains and as,s you whether you want to correct the errors 5ype ! $(or yes% and then press the @EA5E3B ,ey

AO5E#-5his procedure can cause you to lose some o( the in(ormation on your dis,, however, not (ixing the dis, can cause you to lose even more99Copying a (ile - revisited !ou use the CO+! command to copy a (ile (rom one dis, or directory to another Copying (rom a dis,ette to a )ard dis,* 2nsert the dis,ette containing the (ile you want to copy into drive "# - 5ype CO+! "#.@(ilenameB C#.@pathnameB the (ile on the dis,ette @+athnameB is the directory $path% on drive C# $the hard drive% to which you want to copy the (ile 2( you do not speci(y the pathname, the (ile would &e copied to the root directory on drive C# 6or example, i( you wanted to copy a (ile called """ 5;5 (rom drive "#.63EEDOM to the root directory on drive C# you would type# CO+! "#.63EEDOM.""" 5;5 C#.@EA5E3B 2( you wish to do the (ollowing demonstration, &e sure you dis,ette that you made in the previous lessons is in Drive " 5o copy all the (iles on the dis,ette to a directory on drive C# called MEMOS, you would type# CO+! "#G G C#.MEMOS @EA5E3B Copying (rom a )ard dis, to a dis,ette * 2nsert the dis,ette to which you want to copy into drive "# - 5ype# CO+! C#.@pathnameB.@(ilenameB "#@(ilenameB @EA5E3B @pathnameB is the directory $path% on drive C# (rom which you want to copy the (ile @(ilenameB is the name you want (or the copy on the dis,ette 2( you do not speci(y a new name, the (ile retains its old name 5his could &e used to change the name o( a (ile, &y copying it and renaming it at the same time# @EA5E3B @6ilenameB is the (ull name o(

CO+! C#.MEMOS.MEMO M7A C#.MEMOS.MEMOCO+! M7A @EA5E3BDisplaying the contents o( a (ile 5he 5!+E command ena&les you to display the contents o( a (ile on your screen AO5E# 5here are some (iles, (or example, operating system commands or applications so(tware, which you may not &e a&le to read &ecause they contain non-alpha&etic and non-numeric characters 5his command# 5!+E "+32L DOC @EA5E3B Displays the contents o( the (ile "+32L DOC 2( you want to display a long (ile, you can use the MO3E command to display in(ormation one screen(ull at a time 6or example# 5!+E "+32L DOC N MO3E @EA5E3B 5ype pauses and displays the prompt --- More --- at the &ottom o( the screen, to view more, press any ,ey AO5E# 5he pipe $ N % switch can usually &e (ound &y holding down the S)265 ,ey and pressing the &ac,slash $ . % ,ey 2t is also on all 7 S ,ey&oards somewhere around the ?Enter? ,ey 3enaming a 6ile !ou use the 3EA"ME command $ 3EA (or short% to change the name o( a (ile 5he general (ormat is# 3EA @oldnameB @newnameB @EA5E3B 5his will not wor, i( a (ile with the new name already exists in the current directory Deleting a 6ile !ou use the DEL $E3"SE i( you need the typing practice% command to delete (iles that you no longer need Deleting old (iles ma,es room (or new ones <75 remem&er that, once you delete a (ile, you cannot get

it &ac,9 5o delete a (ile use the (ollowing # DEL "#.@pathnameB.@(ilenameB @EA5E3B 2( used HE3! care(ully W2LDC"3DS can also &e employed 6or example# DEL "#.G G @EA5E3B Would DELete "LL the (iles on the root directory o( "# 999