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Paper technology Paper properties1 Technical Support Sappi Fine paper Europe | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 2. Colour space2 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 3. Measuring methods Colour space Lambda-Spectral area3 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 4. Measuring methods Gloss Roughness Brightness4 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 5. Conversion Rate of factor THICKNESS BULK : Thickness (mm) BULK (cm3/g) = x 1000 Basiswight (gsm) Rate of factor BULK THICKNESS : Bulk (cm/g) x Basiswight (gsm) THICKNESS (mm) = 1005 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 6. Formulas Start of the Excel-file with double-klick ! For your input please use the grey fields only ! When you will have the number of sheets no data in the grey field ! Length (cm ) Weight of the pallet (kg) 0,0 Width (cm ) Height of the pallet (cm ) 0,0 Num ber of sheets Num ber of sheets #DIV/0! Dicke (m ) Bulk #DIV/0! Gram m age (g/m ) Weight of the pallet (kg)6 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 7. Machine direction 1000 x 700 mm Machine direction Wide web 700 x 1000 mm Small web7 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 8. Machine direction 1. The nail test. 2. The strip test. Pressure with the Two strips with the finger nail over both same length and width edges creating a are cut out off the length differently strong and width of the sheet. If corrugation formation. these strips are hold horizontally, the deflection of the strip is stronger in crosswise direction. 3. The humidity test 4. The tearing test. A piece of paper is taken By tearing down the off the sample sheet and sheet in longitudinal moistened on one side. and crosswise The rolling-in, caused by direction the machine the humidity expansion, direction can be indicates the machine learned from the direction. tearing edges.8 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 9. Machine direction 1. The more wavy side is located 2. The more rigid strip is lying in machine direction crosswise to the machine direction. 3. The sides with the edges coming to the 4. The smoother tear is parallel to the top are in machine direction. machine direction.9 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 10. Humidity of paper Relative Humidity = Air humidity between sheets and between paper windings of a reel Absolute humidity = % humidity in the paper11 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 11. Temperature C Relative air humidity (RLF) in %10 64 73 82 9412 55 65 73 82 92 9814 49 59 65 73 82 87 9716 43 55 57 65 78 87 93 9718 38 45 50 57 64 70 75 83 85 9520 34 40 45 50 56 62 67 73 76 8422 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 7524 27 32 35 40 45 50 54 67 62 6826 25 28 32 37 40 45 47 53 55 6028 22 26 28 32 36 42 43 46 50 5530 20 23 26 29 33 38 39 43 45 5012 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 12. Recommended time for the acclimatisation of pallets in hours Paper quantity per pallet Temperature difference of the paper Storage room 5 C 7 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C approx. 0.2 m3 4 7 9 15 21 28 41 62 approx. 0.4 m3 7 12 17 26 36 41 64 92 approx. 0.6 m3 9 15 20 31 42 55 76 107 approx. 1 m3 12 18 23 33 46 63 84 115 approx. 2 m3 13 19 24 35 49 66 90 12313 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 13. Flat position Wavy-edging Baggy middling14 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 14. Classification of papers coated on both sides for the sheet and web offset printing Originally coated art papers Coated papers of highest quality for a high demand. Very high coating of very high uniformity and elegance. Best printability and processability. Specially coated picture printing

papers Coated papers for demanding and high quality printing jobs with a high quality constancy and reliability. Very economic printability and processability. Standard picture printing papers Coated papers for the daily need for which standard quality is sufficient. Numerous manufacturers of such papers produce different qualities. Consumer picture printing papers Coated papers for simple printing jobs for which not the highest quality regarding gloss and uniformity of the printing picture is required. The coating is carried out within a paper machine or offline, this means separately on a coating machine. The coating quantity mounts to 5 30 g/m per side depending on the quality. With a decreasing coating quantity, also the gloss may decrease as well as the uniformity of the coat (cloudy formation) and the smoothness.15 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe

15. Classification of papers coated on both sides for the sheet and web offset printing LLWC/ULWC papers Light Light Weight Coated Paper Ultra Low Weight Coated Paper Ultra-light Coated Paper Wood-containing, with secondary fibres produced paper. Basis weight 35-51 g/m coating weight : 5-10 g/m Especially for web offset printing. LWC papers Light Weight Coated Paper Light Weight Coated Paper for runs in the web offset printing Coated paper especially for the Heatset web offset printing. Basis weight: 51-73 g/m - coating weight: 10-20 g/m16 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 16 16. Classification of papers coated on both sides for the sheet and web offset printing MWC/HWC papers Medium Weight Coated Paper Heavy Weight Coated Paper Wood-Containing Coated Paper Coated papers in the basis mass of 70-170 g/m. Coating weight: 15-20 g/m per side. They are also called picture printing or specially coated papers. Cast-coated papers Wood-free papers of high quality for labels, packing, envelops and folders. Very high gloss, mostly cast-coated on one side. Basis weight: 70-400 g/m - coating weight: above 25 g/m. White, coloured and with a metallic surface.17 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 17 17. Uncoated papers (natural papers) for the web offset printing WSOP paper (Web Special Offset Paper) Wood-containing paper, calendered uncoated paper for web offset printing. SC paper (= Super Calender) Wood-containing, uncoated paper with high smoothness by glazing. Especially for the web offset printing. B pulp paper Uncoated, glazed paper for web offset printing. Compound of the pulp: wood pulp, ground wood pulp and fillers. The brightness is determined. Newspaper printing paper Uncoated paper mainly produced from secondary fibres (used paper). Here, difference is made between standard and improved. Basis weight: 39 to 50 g/m. The smoothness, the absorbency, the colouring and the opacity are especially of importance for the printability. Continuous papers Wood-free to slightly wood-containing and also with more or less secondary fibres. For text and data processing. The properties are determined in DIN 6721. SCHSWO papers (Super Calendered Heavy Special Web Offset Papier) = calendered, uncoated paper with high basis mass (basis weight).18 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe 18. Technical Support Sappi Fine Paper Europe In case of questions or remarks contact Oliver Kropacek19 | Paper properties | Sappi Fine Paper Europe