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Overview
Two day Solaris 11 Implementation Engineer training bootcamp Recommended for previously certified individuals or highly experienced with Solaris. Prepare for Oracle Solaris 11 Implementation and Configuration essentials exam Lecture + Labs Requires a Laptop with VirtualBox
Program Agenda Introduction Solaris 11 Overview Installation Advanced Installation Boot and Shutdown File Systems and Storage Software Management Networking Virtualization
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Labs Advanced Installation File Systems and Storage Software Management Networking Virtualization
Module 1 - Introduction
Sign in Sheet
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Download the exam study guide Exam guide has pointers to study resources like on-line trainings and documentation
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Q&A
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Module Agenda
Preinstallation LiveCD Overview Installing with the Text Installer AI Installs that boot from Media AI Installs of Multiple Clients SCI Utility
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Pre Installation
Accept the OTN License Agreement LiveCD, TextInstall, AI, VirtualMachine, Repositories Copy the ISO to removable media
CD DVD Flash Drive
Save the ISO and run it in a virtual machine Make sure your system meets the minimum requirements
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23824_01/html/E23811/glmru.html#glmuu
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Setting Up Partitions
Use the entire disk or a partition X86 Installer uses GRUB Boot multiple operating systems
Supports Multiboot Specification
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Description
Installs on the existing Solaris partition Select a primary partition and change its type to Solaris. Erases the existing contents If space is available, you can increase the size that is allocated to a Solaris partition before installing Change existing Solaris partition to unused, then select another partition and change its type to Solaris. Both partitions will be erased. Change existing Solaris partition to unused then create an extended partition labeled as a Solaris partition Delete an existing partition by changing its type to Unused. The partition will be destroyed and its space made available to the system.
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Insert media and boot the system GRUB menu will be displayed
If your graphics card isnt supported, youll automatically go to a text based install
Asked for login? User = jack, password = solaris Make keyboard and language selections Double click the Install Oracle Solaris icon
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Download the AI boot image Review the default manifest Create bootable media
SPARC and x86 ISO images burn the image to a CD or DVD X86 USB images use the usbcopy utility
Boot from the media Provide info via the SCI Tool panels
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Client boots over the network Install Server provides boot image to the client Installation instructions followed according to type of client Oracle Solaris 11 is installed on the client Packages are pulled from the repository according to instructions provided in the AI Install Service
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Available repository
Net boot install image is not complete, will need to access a repo to install a full image
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Customize the AI Manifest to specify the new repo as the default Customize the default-arch install service
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What We Learned
LiveCD Overview Installing with the Text Installer AI Installs that boot from Media AI Installs of Multiple Clients SCI Utility
Next Steps
Advanced Installation Lab
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Module Agenda
System Shakedown Section 4 lab overview Lab
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System Shakedown
Take a few minutes to make sure everyone is up and running according to plan! 15-30 Minutes allotted well get started as soon as everyone is up and running. Requirements outlined on the next 3 slides
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At least 3GB of memory please! 30 GB or more diskspace USB port No external networking required
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All files available from Instructor on USB Flash Disk Please return the Flash Disk!
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Install VirtualBox Install and configure the text based Solaris 11 instance
Sol-11_1-text-x86.iso Page 7
Start the server once its installed page 9 Basic configuration page 10 Boot from hard disk page 17 Start the lab
Exercise 5.4 page 17
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Automated Installation (AI) basics System Configuration Tool (SCI Tool) System Configuration Profiles Boot environments Image Packaging System (IPS)
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Lab Overview
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Set up Oracle Solaris 11 in VirtualBox Configure an IPS Repository Install software from the IPS repository Create boot environments as backups Configure the IPS repository as a network service Create an Install Service on your server Install a client from your install server Customizing the AI Manifest Boot the client with a customized AI Manifest Further client customizations Log file locations
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pkg
Image Packaging System retrieval client
beadm
User interface for managing ZFS Boot Enviroments (BE)
dladm
Administer network data-links
svccfg
Manipulates data in the service configuration repository
installadm
Automated Installer configuration utility
sysconfig
Interface for configuring and unconfiguring a Solaris instance
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Logistics
Lab should take approximately 3 hours Ask questions! Feel free to experiment once youve completed the lab Make sure youve done a backup before you change anything major.
beadm create backup1
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Module Agenda Introduction SPARC OBP Overview X86 BIOS Overview Boot phases GRUB Menu Booting the System Troubleshooting Boot Q&A
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Introduction
System Overview
OBP = Open Boot Prom BIOS = Basic Input Output System OBP and BIOS is where the OS interacts with the hardware.
Modern Sun CPU Architecture names for reference Name Description Sun-4u 64-bit UltraSPARC (V9) First used in Sun Ultra Series Sun-4u1 E10K (starfire) 64 way multiproc architecture Sun-4us Sun-4v
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SPARC OBP
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FCode interpreter
Machine independent language Drivers written in Fcode
Device tree
Data structure describing the devices
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@
Must precede the address parameter
Unit address
Physical address of the device
Device arguments
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Device Aliases
Shorthand representation of a device path Systems usually have predefined aliases for commonly used devices
disk net
devalias command
Examine, create, and change device aliases
Define an alias
devalias alias device
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview Login to the service processor (SP) to take a look at some basic parameters. ok printenv
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview Check basic information contained in the boot prom. ok printenv auto-boot? ok printenv boot-device ok printenv boot-command
Auto-boot?
Checks whether the system will boot automatically or not
Boot-device
Which device the system will boot to
Boot-command
The default boot command and any provided options
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview Set the parameters to boot from the network.. ok show-devs /pci/
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
Devices are tedious Change device names to something easy with devalias command
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview
Use this command to alias a device name to a usable device in the system
# nvalias net3 /pci@7c0/pci@0/pci@2/network@0,1:dhcp # devalias net3
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Mini Lab
BootPROM Overview Check the boot device order ok printenv boot-device ok disk net Run devalias and identify the boot devices ok devalias
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X86 BIOS
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Boot phases
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Boot phase
Boot archive is read and executed Relies on boot file system format (disk, NFS, http)
Ramdisk phase
Contains kernel modules and components to boot Solaris 11
Kernel phase
Final stage of the boot process Root filesystem is mounted on the ramdisk For installation, the ramdisk remains mounted If not, it extracts the remaining primary modules from the boot archive and mounts the real root filesystem
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The information contained in the boot v and dmesg output is several pages long, these are shortened examples. Pipe the output to a file and use your favorite editor to look for information in this file.
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GRUB Menu
GRUB Menu
Grand Unified Bootloader Developed and supported by the Free Software Foundation Highly Portable Variety of user interfaces Supports O/Ss that dont support Multi-Boot by chainloading Default boot loader on Solaris x86 Loads boot-archive into system memory Solaris specific GRUB utilities
Bootadm manage the boot archive and change GRUB Installgrub loads the boot program from disk
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GRUB Components
Stage1 image on the first sector of the fdisk partition. Stage2 image installed in the reserved area of the fdisk partition Menu.lst file - /pool-name/boot/grub directory. Menu.lst is read by stage2.
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu Locate the GRUB menu on your system # bootadm list-menu
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu View the current contents of menu.lst # cat /rpool/boot/grub/menu.lst (output truncated)
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu Create a new boot environment and call the new environment solaris2 # beadm create solaris2 # bootadm list-menu
The second entry (1) was added automatically by the beadm command
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Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu Use the bootadm command to change the menu default from (0) Oracle Solaris to (1) solaris2 # bootadm set-menu default=1 # bootadm list-menu
Mini-Lab
Using bootadm to change the GRUB menu Using bootadm has also influenced the current boot order. We can verify this by using the beadm list command: # beadm list
Note that solaris is the current environment N and solaris2 will be active on reboot R You can change it back to the default with # beadm activate solaris
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System reset
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ok boot r ok reset-all # sync; reboot # init 6 none (Useful for debugging manual service start) all single-user multi-user multi-user-system
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Useful milestones
Default = false Only available on certain systems On sun4v systems fast reboot is unnecessary
Hypervisor restart not involving POST
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Default is true Bypasses the firmware and boot loader processes Utilized by the init 6 command To boot a system normally when fast boot is enabled
reboot -p
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uadmin command Helpful command for admins is uadmin Uses numbered options and can drop the system directly into the ok prompt. Ex: # uadmin 2 0
Syncs the file system and brings you to the ok prompt uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin uadmin
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2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 2 3 6 0 1 2 3 6
sync the filesystems and drops system to ok prompt sync the filesystems and reboots to multi-user mode sync the filesystems and reboots interactively sync the filesystems and reboots to single-user mode sync the filesystems and powers off the system do not sync filesystems and drops system to ok prompt do not sync filesystems and reboots to multi-user mode do not sync filesystems and reboots interactively do not sync filesystems and reboots to single-user mode do not sync filesystems and powers off the system
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Run Levels and Milestones Both describe what services and resources are available to users Move to SMF encourages use of milestones vs run-levels Run levels are based on init Milestones are based on SMF
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Milestones
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Run Levels
Run Init State Leve l
0 S or S 1 Power Down Single User Administrative
Type
Purpose
Shut down the O/S, safe to turn off power Some file systems mounted and accessible All file systems available, user logins disabled
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Multiuser
Multiuser NFS shared Alternative Multiuser Power-Down Reboot
Multiuser
Multiuser Multiuser Power-down Reboot
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Run Levels vs SMF Milestones The table below shows which milestones correspond to which run-levels
Run Level Milestone
S 2 3
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Network Boot Client knows its MAC but needs an IP address Uses TFTP to transfer from the network via
dhcp bootp Rarp
Bootprom uses bootparams file to obtain boot parameters ok boot <full_path_to_network_device> Ex: ok boot /pci@7c0/pci@0/pci@2/network@0,1 DHCP offers the most flexibility For network boot you can supply options directly
boot - <path> :dhcp|bootp server=ip, boot filename, client-ip, routerip, boot-retries,tftp-retries, subnet-mask
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Boot Troubleshooting
ok boot m verbose
Will print a line of information when each service is started
Run svcs a to determine service state Check /var/svc/log for error messages
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Single User Mode Resolve a bad root shell Resolve password problems Troubleshoot driver failures Troubleshoot application issues Troubleshoot network issues
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user Stop or reboot the system Select the boot item from the GRUB menu
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user Type e to edit the menu item
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user Type e to again to edit the kernel line item Enter -s at the end of the kernel line
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Mini Lab
Bringing an x86 system to single user Type b to boot the system in single user mode
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Boot From Media Live Media Boot and use a GNOME terminal for recovery
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Boot From Media Text Install Select option 3 text shell from the GRUB boot menu
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Mini Lab
Recover the Root Password (1)
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or
# halt -d
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AI Client Boot Load Failure AI Client fails when downloading the boot archive Indicates that DHCP client is incorrectly configured Error can occur if another DHCP server interferes Use in.dhcpd dv to run dhcp daemon in debug mode
# /usr/lib/inet/in.dhcpd -dv
Rebooting with command: boot net:dhcp - install Boot device: /pci@7c0/pci@0/network@4:dhcp File and args: 1000 Mbps FDX Link up HTTP: Bad Response: 500 Internal Server Error Evaluating: Boot load failed
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Module Agenda Introduction SPARC OBP Overview X86 BIOS Overview Boot phases GRUB Menu Booting the System Troubleshooting Boot Q&A
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Lab Overview
VirtualBox should be running already
Import and configure the pre-built Oracle Solaris 11 VM Image Configure virtual SAS disks in your VM Image Configure Solaris 11.1
Create and destroy ZFS pools Add capacity to a pool Import and export pools Exploring pool properties Upgrading pools
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Lab Overview
Split ZFS mirrors using the split command Working with Datasets
Hierarchical datasets Properties
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zpool
Configures ZFS storage pools. Pool is a collection of devices that provide physical storage
zfs
Configures datasets within a ZFS storage pool.
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Logistics
Lab should take approximately 1 and hours Dont forget to create the virtual disks in VirtualBox Ask questions! Feel free to experiment once youve completed the lab Make sure youve done a backup before you change anything major.
beadm create backup1
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Lab Overview
Use AIServer instance
This lab will use the AIServer VirtualBox instance created in module 4, the first hands on lab sol-11_1-text.x86.iso Oracle Solaris Repository file
sol-11_1-repo-full.iso
Repository basics Install and uninstall packages Getting information about packages Updating the system Package Dependencies
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pkgrepo
Provides the ability to create and manage package repositories
beadm
User interface for managing ZFS boot environments.
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Logistics
Lab should take approximately 1 hour Ask questions! Feel free to experiment once youve completed the lab Make sure youve done a backup before you change anything major.
beadm create backup1
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Lab Overview
VirtualBox should be running
This lab will use the pre-configured Oracle Solaris 11 VM Image OracleSolaris11_1.ovf Create 4 virtual network interfaces
Planning the network deployment Network command basics Network configuration profiles Displaying and configuring link interfaces Configuring Name services using SMF
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dladm
Administers data-links
ipadm
Manages network interfaces, addresses, and TCP/IP protocol properties
svccfg
Manipulates data in the service configuration repository. Can be invoked interactively, with a single command, or within a script
svcadm
Issues requests for actions on services within SMF
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Logistics
Lab should take approximately 1 hour Ask questions! Feel free to experiment once youve completed the lab Make sure youve done a backup before you change anything major.
beadm create backup1
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Lab Overview
VirtualBox should be running
This lab will use the Text Image that we installed in Lab 4 sol-11_1-text-x86.iso We will also utilize the installed Repository
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zoneadm
Administers system zones.
zlogin
Used to enter an operating system zone.
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Logistics
Lab should take approximately 1 hour Ask questions! Feel free to experiment once youve completed the lab Make sure youve done a backup before you change anything major.
beadm create backup1
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Section 10 - Wrap Up
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Thank you!
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Bootcamp Overview Technical Overview Installation Lab Intro System Shakedown Lab Advanced Installation Boot and Shutdown Lab - File Systems and Storage Lab Software Management Lab Networking Lab Virtualization Take Exam!
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Oracle Solaris 11
Practice and Study
Continue to use the VirtualBox image to practice and study Utilize the Oracle Solaris 11 Documentation for reference Utilize the exam study guide Use the Implementation GLP for on-line courses Take the practice exam webinar or on-line
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Oracle Solaris 11 Please fill out the feedback form before you leave! We appreciate your suggestions for making this a better experience.
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