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Module 2
Course Introduction
Introduction to Virtualization Creating Virtual Machines VMware vCenter Server Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks Configuring and Managing vSphere Storage Virtual Machine Management
Data Protection Access and Authentication Control Resource Management and Monitoring High Availability and Fault Tolerance Host Scalability Patch Management Installing VMware vSphere Components
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Importance
VMware vSphere software suite is based on many components with which a vSphere administrator should be familiar. This module describes the basic concept of virtualization and introduces VMware vSphere ESXi and the virtual machine. This module discusses the fundamental vSphere components and how vSphere can be used in your datacenter.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Module Lessons
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Learner Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures. Define a virtual machine. Describe the benefits of using virtual machines. Describe how the vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and disks. Describe ESXi architecture. Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Physical Infrastructure
Ethernet
Fibre Channel
iSCSI storage
NFS storage
Network
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Virtual Infrastructure
Ethernet
Fibre Channel
iSCSI storage
NFS storage
network
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physical architecture
virtual architecture
application
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Datacenter Services
Datacenter Services
Pooled Storage
Pooled Computing
Automation
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Virtual machine
Easy to relocate:
Difficult to manage:
Requires physical maintenance Hardware failures cause downtime
Easy to manage:
Isolated from other virtual machines Insulated from hardware changes
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Resource Sharing
vSphere
x86 architecture
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CPU Virtualization
physical architecture
virtual architecture
application
operating system
vSphere
x86 architecture
x86 architecture
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physical architecture
virtual architecture
application
1GB 2GB 8GB
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physical architecture
virtual architecture
application
virtual switch
x86 architecture
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application
operating system
vSphere
vSphere
x86 architecture
x86 architecture
x86 architecture
VMFS
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Encapsulation
VM 1
VM 2
VM 3
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File-System Layouts
Windows
C: D: E:
vmfs
VMFS
/
volumes
Linux/UNIX
Local
/
SAN
VM 3 VM 4
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Installing vSphere 5 creates a virtual infrastructure. Your virtual machines run in this virtual infrastructure. VMware vCloud Director enables you to create a cloud. Third-party providers can host public or private clouds. VMware clouds empower you to run your virtual machines in a private, public, or hybrid cloud to fit your business needs.
private cloud
hybrid cloud
public cloud
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Individual departments or internal corporate organizations (divisions) are able to deploy and manage IT infrastructure through virtual systems as needed. IT capabilities are provided as a service, over an intranet, within the enterprise, and behind the firewall.
Internet
Advantages
Self-service provisioning Elasticity of resources Rapid and simplified provisioning Secured multitenancy Improved use of IT resources Better control of IT budgets
A cloud service provider hosts general IT operations for multiple businesses. IT resources are provided as a service over the Internet. A public cloud is similar to a utility or an Internet service provider.
Advantages
Customer management of IT Rapid and flexible deployments Efficient and cost-effective deployments Secure IT assets
company A
company company B C
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
App Loads
Bridge
App Loads
Management vSphere
Management vSphere
Private Clouds
Public Clouds
You should be able to do the following: Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures. Define a virtual machine. Describe the benefits of using virtual machines. Describe how the vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and disks. Describe ESXi architecture. Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Learner Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Download and install the VMware vSphere Client. Use the vSphere Client remotely connect to an ESXi host. View or configure ESXi settings:
Use the VMware vSphere Web Client. Manage ESXi from the command prompt.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
User Interfaces
vSphere Client
vCenter Server
ESXi host
your desktop
Web Client
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Use the VMware Infrastructure Management Installer. Download the client from the vCenter Server system or an ESXi host.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
On the vSphere Client login screen, enter the following: Host name or IP address of ESXi host or vCenter Server User name Password for that user (Optional) Use your Windows session credentials.
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Application Server that provides a scalable backend The Inventory Service obtains optimized data live from the core vCenter Server process
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All VMware solutions will integrate as they are updated. Third party plug-ins:
Objects linked and displayed by relationships The Home screen retains its original appearance
Allows an administrator to view objects by solutions Enables administrators to jump to crucial elements faster through relationships and object search Reduces client clutter and repetitive information by simplifying display of objects Displayed objects are all that is communicated between server and browser
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
To perform management tasks from a remote command prompt, use: VMware vSphere Command-Line Interface (vCLI):
Set of commands run from a remote Linux or Windows system and executed on an ESXi host Packaged as an application Platform for running a variety of toolkits:
vCLI
Packaged as a virtual appliance based on Linux Automation tool for administering a vSphere environment Distributed as a snap-in to Windows PowerShell
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lab 1
In this lab, you will install student desktop components. 1. Access your student desktop system. 2. Install the vSphere Client.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
You should be able to do the following: Download and install the VMware vSphere Client. Use the vSphere Client remotely connect to an ESXi host. View or configure ESXi settings:
Use the VMware vSphere Web Client. Manage ESXi from the command prompt.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Learner Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe ESXi architecture. Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host. View ESXi settings:
Processor and memory configuration Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
VMware ESXi
ESXi: Is available for purchase with vSphere 5 or a free version can be downloaded Has high-security
Has a small disk footprint Can be installed on hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, or directly into memory
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ESXi Architecture
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Configuring ESXi
The direct console user interface (DCUI) is similar to the BIOS of a computer with a keyboard-only user interface.
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Limits host management to vCenter Server and user root access to DCUI only
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
The DCUI allows you to modify network settings: Host name IP configuration (IP address, subnet mask, default gateway) DNS servers
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The DCUI allows an administrator to do the following: Configure keyboard layout. View support information. View system logs. Enable troubleshooting services, when required.
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NTP server
For accurate performance graphs For accurate time stamps in log messages
So that virtual machines have a source to synchronize with An ESXi host can be configured as an NTP client. It can synchronize time with an NTP server on the Internet or your corporate NTP server.
NTP client
ESXi host
NTP client uses UDP over port 123 to communicate with NTP server.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
The DNS and Routing link enables you to change these settings: Host name and domain DNS server addresses and search domains Default VMkernel gateway
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On ESXi hosts: Remote clients are prevented from accessing services on the host. Local clients are prevented from accessing services on remote hosts. Unless configured otherwise, daemons will start and stop with the ESXi host:
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
You should implement the following user account best practices: Strictly control root privileges to the ESXi host. Use the vSphere Client to manage the ESXi host. Ideally, use vCenter Server and thus vCenter Server user accounts to manage hosts.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Lab 2
In this lab, you will configure an ESXi host. 1. Connect to an ESXi host with the vSphere Client. 2. View the host hardware configuration. 3. Configure the DNS and routing information for an ESXi host. 4. Configure an ESXi host as an NTP client. 5. Configure an ESXi host to use the directory services.
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
You should be able to do the following: Describe ESXi architecture. Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host. View ESXi settings:
Processor and memory configuration Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Key Points
Using virtual machines solves many datacenter problems. Virtual machines are hardware independent. Virtual machines share the physical resources of the ESXi host on which they reside. A virtual machine is a set of files that are easy to transfer and back up. Virtual machine files are encapsulated into a folder and placed on a datastore. ESXi runs directly on the host. vSphere abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and networking for virtual machine use.
Questions?
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved