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AMR (Adaptive Multi Rate) consists of a family of codecs with different bit-rates operating in GSM FR and HR The aim is to improve channel (FR/HR) quality by adapting the most appropriate channel codec based on current radio condition Codec mode adaptation (link adaptation) is based on received channel quality in both MS and BTS (the codec adaptation possible each 40ms) The basic AMR codec mode sets for MS and BTS are provided by BSC via layer 3 signalling MS shall support all speech codec modes, although only a set of up to 4 speech codec modes are used during a call
AMR Introduction
Provides a number of full-rate and half-rate modes
Code rate adapts to channel conditions (40 ms) Up to four FR and three HR modes can be specified for a call, modifiable with a handover AMR Capacity benefits: Improved robustness in Full Rate allows tightening of re-use patterns - increased spectral efficiency Operation of Half Rate channels will free available capacity for data traffic - reduced blocking AMR Coverage benefits: Improved performance at cell edge
RF Performance
HR Performance
frequency reuse. since the average C/I found in a cell area can be measurably less than that used in a non AMR network and still provide comparable quality to EFR, the existing clean BCCH layer can be tightened, potentially releasing frequencies to be used on the non-BCCH layer Mixed EFR AMR traffic networks: use more aggressive power control for AMR mobiles in order to decrease the average interference level in the network. Due to better error correction capability against the channel errors lower C/I target can be set for AMR mobiles hence lower PC thresholds can be used. Therefore, the overall interference decreases in the network (smaller average transmission power) and thus the quality of the existing EFR connections increase.
on the one-layer case all the connections are using the same frequencies In the IFH case the calls are distributed to the layers based on current quality thus it is easier to serve an adequate quality for all users in the network IFH AMR is a way to utilize the AMR gain in the case of mixed EFR - AMR traffic
Conclusions
AMR can be an effective quality- and capacity-enhancing feature. AMR FR speech quality (MOS) significantly better than GSM FR/EFR at low C/I. AMR HR speech quality (MOS) significantly better than GSM HR and comparable with GSM FR. Link adaptation thresholds are important factors in overall quality dependent on network configuration (hopping/non-hopping, fractional load..) (cf GPRS). AMR can be very effective in IUO/IFH configurations where the superlayer coverage can be extended providing high absorption