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  • CXG 036e

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    Naveenbabu Soundararajan
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    The document provides information on the International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) including: - The INS provides identification numbers and names for food additives as an alternative to specific names which can be lengthy. It does not imply approval for use. - The INS is laid out with the identification number, additive name, functional classes and technological purposes. Additives are grouped by similar purposes. - Because the list is open-ended, identification numbers may not always indicate purpose. The document defines 27 functional classes and their technological purposes.

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    The document provides information on the International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) including: - The INS provides identification numbers and names for food additives as an alternative to specific names which can be lengthy. It does not imply approval for use. - The INS is laid out with the identification number, additive name, functional classes and technological purposes. Additives are grouped by similar purposes. - Because the list is open-ended, identification numbers may not always indicate purpose. The document defines 27 functional classes and their technological purposes.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    43 vistas57 páginas

    CXG 036e

    Cargado por

    Naveenbabu Soundararajan
    The document provides information on the International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) including: - The INS provides identification numbers and names for food additives as an alternative to specific names which can be lengthy. It does not imply approval for use. - The INS is laid out with the identification number, additive name, functional classes and technological purposes. Additives are grouped by similar purposes. - Because the list is open-ended, identification numbers may not always indicate purpose. The document defines 27 functional classes and their technological purposes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Descargue como PDF, TXT o lea en línea desde Scribd
    Marcar por contenido inapropiado
    de 57

    CAC/GL 36-1989

    CLASS NAMES AND THE INTERNATIONAL NUMBERING SYSTEM FOR FOOD ADDITIVES CAC/GL 36-1989

    SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND The International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) is intended as a harmonised naming system for food additives as an alternative to the use of the specific name, which may be lengthy. Inclusion in the INS does not imply approval by Codex for use as food additives. The list may include those additives that have not been evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The INS does not include flavourings, which have a JECFA number as identifier, chewing gum bases, and dietetic and nutritive additives. Enzymes which function as food additives have been included in an 1100 series. EXPLANATORY NOTES ON THE LAY-OUT OF THE INS The INS in numerical order (Section 3) is set out in four columns giving the identification number, the name of the food additive, the functional classes and the technological purposes. The identification number usually consists of three or four digits such as 100 for curcumins and 1001 for choline salts and esters. However, in some instances the number is followed by an alphabetical suffix, for example, 150a identifies Caramel I plain caramel and 150b identifies Caramel II - sulfite caramel. The alphabetical designations are included in order to further characterize the different classes of additives (e.g. caramel produced by different processes). Under the column listing the name of the food additive, some additives are further subdivided by numerical subscripts. For example, curcumins are subdivided into (i) curcumin and (ii) turmeric. These identifications identify sub-classes (in this case of curcumins) which are covered by separate Codex specifications. The name of the food additive is sometimes followed by an additional name in parentheses. The parenthetical name is optional, and may be used, when necessary, to indicate another commonly associated name or synonym for the additive, for example INS 235 Natamycin (Pimaricin). Not all synonyms are listed. The name of an additive is sometimes, after a comma, followed by a description of the additive, for example INS 161h(i) Zeaxanthin, synthetic. The various technological purposes of the food additives are included in the INS in a fourth column. The purposes listed are indicative rather than exhaustive. The technological purposes are grouped under more descriptive functional class titles which are intended to be meaningful to consumers. These are listed in Section 2 along with simple definitions of the function performed. A single food additive can often be used for a range of technological purposes in a food and it remains the responsibility of the manufacturer to declare the most descriptive functional class in the list of ingredients. In preparing the INS in numerical order, an effort has been made to group food additives with similar purposes together. However, because of the extension of the list and its open nature, most of the three digit numbers have already been allocated. Consequently, the positioning of a food additive in the list can no longer be taken as an indication of the purpose, although this will often be the case. The food additives that have been allocated an ADI by JECFA, may be http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/agns/jecfa_index_en.asp and http://www.who.int/ipcs/food/jecfa/en/ found at:

    JECFA specifications adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission are listed in CAC/MISC 6 Codex Specifications for Food Additives that can be found on Codex website: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/standards/9/CXA_006e.pdf THE OPEN NATURE OF THE LIST Because of its primary purpose of identification, the INS is an open list subject to the inclusion of additional additives or removal of existing ones on an ongoing basis.

    Adopted in 1989, Revision 2008. Section 3 and 4 International Numbering System for Food Additives are regularly updated. Last amendment 2013.

    CAC/GL 36-1989

    SECTION 2 TABLE OF FUNCTIONAL CLASSES, DEFINITIONS AND TECHNOLOGICAL PURPOSES

    FUNCTIONAL CLASSES 1. Acidity regulator

    DEFINITION A food additive, which controls the acidity or alkalinity of a food. A food additive, which reduces the tendency of components of food to adhere to one another. A food additive, which prevents or reduces foaming. A food additive, which prolongs the shelflife of foods by protecting against deterioration caused by oxidation. A food additive (non-flour use) used to decolourize food. Bleaching agents do not include pigments. A food additive, which contributes to the bulk of a food without contributing significantly to its available energy value. A food additive used to provide carbonation in a food. A food additive used to dissolve, dilute, disperse or otherwise physically modify a food additive or nutrient without altering its function (and without exerting any technological effect itself) in order to facilitate its handling, application or use of the food additive or nutrient. A food additive, which adds or restores colour in a food. A food additive, which stabilizes, retains or intensifies the colour of a food. A food additive, which forms or maintains a uniform emulsion of two or more phases in a food.

    TECHNOLOGICAL PURPOSE acidity regulator, acid, acidifier, alkali, base, buffer, buffering agent, pH adjusting agent anticaking agent, anti-stick agent, drying agent, dusting agent antifoaming agent agent, defoaming

    2. Anticaking agent

    3. Antifoaming agent 4. Antioxidant

    antioxidant, antioxidant synergist, antibrowning agent bleaching agent

    5. Bleaching agent

    6. Bulking agent

    bulking agent, filler

    7. Carbonating agent 8. Carrier

    carbonating agent carrier, carrier solvent, nutrient carrier, diluent for other food additives, encapsulating agent

    9. Colour 10. Colour retention agent 11. Emulsifier

    colour, decorative pigment, surface colourant colour retention agent, colour fixative, colour stabilizer, colour adjunct emulsifier, plasticizer, dispersing agent, surface active agent, crystallization inhibitor, density adjustment agent (flavouring oils in beverages), suspension agent, clouding agent emulsifying salt, melding salt

    12. Emulsifying salt

    A food additive, which, in the manufacture of processed food, rearranges proteins in order to prevent fat separation. A food additive, which makes or keeps tissues of fruit or vegetables firm and crisp, or interacts with gelling agents to produce or strengthen a gel. A food additive, which enhances the existing taste and/or odour of a food.

    13. Firming agent

    firming agent

    14. Flavour enhancer

    flavour enhancer, flavour synergist

    CAC/GL 36-1989

    FUNCTIONAL CLASSES 15. Flour treatment agent

    DEFINITION A food additive, which is added to flour or dough to improve its baking quality or colour. A food additive, which makes it possible to form or maintain a uniform dispersion of a gaseous phase in a liquid or solid food. A food additive, which gives a food texture through formation of a gel. A food additive, which when applied to the external surface of a food, imparts a shiny appearance or provides a protective coating. A food additive, which prevents food from drying out by counteracting the effect of a dry atmosphere. A food additive gas, which is introduced into a container before, during or after filling with food with the intention to protect the food, for example, from oxidation or spoilage. A food additive, which prolongs the shelflife of a food by protecting against deterioration caused by microorganisms.

    TECHNOLOGICAL PURPOSE flour treatment agent, flour bleaching agent, flour improver, dough conditioner, dough strengthening agent foaming agent, whipping agent, aerating agent gelling agent glazing agent, sealing agent, coating agent, surface-finishing agent, polishing agent, filmforming agent humectant, moisture-retention agent, wetting agent packaging gas

    16. Foaming agent

    17. Gelling agent 18. Glazing agent

    19. Humectant

    20. Packaging gas

    21. Preservative

    preservative, antimicrobial preservative, antimycotic agent, bacteriophage control agent, fungistatic agent, antimould and antirope agent, antimicrobial synergist propellant raising agent

    22. Propellant 23. Raising agent

    A food additive gas, which expels a food from a container. A food additive or a combination of food additives, which liberate(s) gas and thereby increase(s) the volume of a dough or batter. A food additive, which controls the availability of a cation. A food additive, which makes it possible to maintain a uniform dispersion of two or more components. A food additive (other than a mono- or disaccharide sugar), which imparts a sweet taste to a food. A food additive, which increases the viscosity of a food.

    24. Sequestrant 25. Stabilizer

    sequestrant stabilizer, foam stabilizer, colloidal stabilizer, emulsion stabilizer sweetener, intense sweetener, bulk sweetener thickener, bodying agent, binder, texturizing agent

    26. Sweetener

    27. Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 SECTION 3 INTERNATIONAL NUMBERING SYSTEM FOR FOOD ADDITIVES List in numerical order INS No. 100 100(i) 100(ii) 101 101(i) 101(ii) 101(iii) 102 103 104 107 110 120 121 122 123 124 125 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 140 141 141(i) 141(ii) 142 143 150 150a 150b 150c 150d 151 152 153 154 155 160a 160a (i) 160a(ii) 160a(iii) 160a(iv) 160b 160b(i) 160b(ii) 160c(i) 160c(ii) Name of Food Additive Curcumins Curcumin Turmeric Riboflavins Riboflavin, synthetic Riboflavin 5'-phosphate sodium Riboflavin from Bacillus subtilis Tartarzine Alkanet Quinoline yellow Yellow 2G Sunset yellow FCF Carmines Citrus red No. 2 Azorubine (Carmoisine) Amaranth Ponceau 4R (Cochineal red A) Ponceau SX Erythrosine Red 2G Allura red AC Manascorubin Patent blue V Indigotine (Indigo carmine) Brilliant blue FCF Chlorophylls Chlorophylls and chlorophyllins, copper complexes Chlorophylls, copper complexes Chlorophyllins, copper complexes, potassium and sodium salts Green S Fast Green FCF Caramels Caramel I plain caramel Caramel II - sulfite caramel Caramel III - ammonia caramel Caramel IV - sulfite ammonia caramel Brilliant black (Black PN) Carbon black (Hydrocarbon) Vegetable carbon Brown FK Brown HT Carotenes Carotenes, beta-, synthetic Carotenes, beta-, vegetable Carotenes, beta-, Blakeslea trispora Carotenes, beta-, algae Annatto extracts Annatto extracts, bixin-based Annatto extracts, norbixin-based Paprika oleoresin Paprika extract Functional class Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Technological purpose colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour

    Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour

    colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 160d 160d(i) 160d(ii) 160d(iii) 160e 160f 161a 161b 161b(i) 161b(ii) 161c 161d 161e 161f 161g 161h 161h(i) 161h(ii) 162 163 163(ii) 163(iii) 163(iv) 163(v) 164 165 166 170 Name of Food Additive Lycopenes Lycopene, synthetic Lycopene, tomato Lycopene , Blakeslea trispora Carotenal, beta-apo-8Carotenoic acid, ethyl ester, beta-apo-8'Flavoxanthin Luteins Lutein from Tagetes erecta Tagetes extract Kryptoxanthin Rubixanthin Violoxanthin Rhodoxanthin Canthaxanthin Zeaxanthins Zeaxanthin, synthetic Zeaxanthin-rich extract from Tagetes erecta Beet red Anthocyanins Grape skin extract Blackcurrant extract Purple corn colour Red cabbage colour Gardenia yellow Gardenia blue Sandalwood Calcium carbonates Functional class Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour Firming agent Flour treatment agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour Firming agent Flour treatment agent Stabilizer Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Colour Preservative Technological purpose colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour colour acidity regulator anticaking agent surface colourant firming agent dough conditioner stabilizer acidity regulator anticaking agent surface colourant firming agent dough conditioner stabilizer colour colour colour colour colour surface colourant colour colour colour colour emulsifier stabilizer thickener colour preservative

    170(i)

    Calcium carbonate

    170(ii)

    Calcium hydrogen carbonate

    171 172 172(i) 172(ii) 172(iii) 173 174 175 180

    Titanium dioxide Iron oxides Iron oxide, black Iron oxide, red Iron oxide, yellow Aluminium powder Silver Gold, metallic Lithol rubine BK

    181

    Tannic acid (Tannins)

    182 200

    Orchil Sorbic acid

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 201 202 203 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 Name of Food Additive Sodium sorbate Potassium sorbate Calcium sorbate Heptyl para-hydroxybenzoate Benzoic acid Sodium benzoate Potassium benzoate Calcium benzoate Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Functional class Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Technological purpose preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative antioxidant preservative antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative antioxidant preservative antioxidant preservative antioxidant preservative antioxidant preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative preservative colour fixative preservative

    220

    Sulfur dioxide

    221

    Sodium sulfite

    222

    Sodium hydrogen sulfite

    223

    Sodium metabisulfite

    224

    Potassium metabisulfite

    225 226 227 228 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 249

    Potassium sulfite Calcium sulfite Calcium hydrogen sulfite Potassium bisulfite Diphenyl Ortho-phenylphenol Sodium ortho-phenylphenol Thiabendazole Nisin Natamycin (Pimaricin) Formic acid Sodium formate Calcium formate Hexamethylene tetramine Formaldehyde Gum guaicum Dimethyl dicarbonate Lauric arginate ethyl ester Potassium nitrite

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 250 251 252 260 261 261(i) 261(ii) 262 262(i) Name of Food Additive Sodium nitrite Sodium nitrate Potassium nitrate Acetic acid, glacial Potassium acetates Potassium acetate Potassium diacetate Sodium acetates Sodium acetate Acidity regulator Preservative Sequestrant Acidity regulator Preservative Sequestrant Acidity regulator Preservative Stabilizer Acidity regulator Preservative Preservative Acidity regulator Preservative Preservative Preservative Preservative Carbonating agent Packaging gas Preservative Propellant Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Antioxidant Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant acidity regulator preservative sequestrant acidity regulator preservative sequestrant acidity regulator preservative stabilizer acidity regulator preservative preservative acidity regulator preservative preservative preservative preservative carbonating agent packaging gas preservative propellant acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator antioxidant flour treatment agent antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant Acidity regulator Preservative Acidity regulator Preservative acidity regulator preservative acidity regulator preservative Functional class Colour retention agent Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Acidity regulator Preservative Technological purpose colour fixative preservative colour fixative preservative colour fixative preservative acidity regulator preservative

    262(ii)

    Sodium diacetate

    263 264 265 266 270 280 281 282 283

    Calcium acetate Ammonium acetate Dehydroacetic acid Sodium dehydroacetate Lactic acid, L-, D- and DLPropionic acid Sodium propionate Calcium propionate Potassium propionate

    290

    Carbon dioxide

    296 297 300 301 302 303 304 305 307 307a 307b 307c 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315

    Malic acid, DLFumaric acid Ascorbic acid, LSodium ascorbate Calcium ascorbate Potassium ascorbate Ascorbyl palmitate Ascorbyl stearate Tocopherols Tocopherol, d-alphaTocopherol concentrate, mixed Tocopherol, dl-alphaTocopherol, gamma-, synthetic Tocopherol, delta-, synthetic Propyl gallate Octyl gallate Dodecyl gallate Ethyl gallate Guaiac resin Erythorbic acid (Isoascorbic acid)

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 322(i) 322(ii) 323 324 Name of Food Additive Sodium erythorbate (Sodium isoascorbate) Potassium isoascorbate Calcium isoascorbate Tertiary butylhydroquinone Butylated hydroxyanisole Butylated hydroxytoluene Lecithins Lecithin Lecithin, partially hydrolysed Anoxomer Ethoxyquin Functional class Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Emulsifier Antioxidant Emulsifier Antioxidant Antioxidant Acidity regulator Antioxidant Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Thickener Acidity regulator Antioxidant Emulsifier Humectant Acidity regulator Firming agent Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Antioxidant Colour retention agent Sequestrant Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Technological purpose antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant emulsifier antioxidant emulsifier antioxidant antioxidant acidity regulator antioxidant synergist bulking agent emulsifier humectant bodying agent acidity regulator antioxidant synergist emulsifier humectants acidity regulator firming agent flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator antioxidant colour retention agent sequestrant acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer

    325

    Sodium lactate

    326

    Potassium lactate

    327

    Calcium lactate

    328 329

    Ammonium lactate Magnesium lactate, DL-

    330 331

    Citric acid Sodium citrates

    331(i)

    Sodium dihydrogen citrate

    331(ii)

    Disodium monohydrogen citrate

    331(iii) 332 332(i)

    Trisodium citrate Potassium citrates Potassium dihydrogen citrate

    332(ii)

    Tripotassium citrate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 333 Name of Food Additive Calcium citrates Functional class Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Sequestrant Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Antioxidant Sequestrant Technological purpose acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator antioxidant synergist flavour synergist sequestrant acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator antioxidant synergist sequestrant acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent

    333(i)

    Monocalcium citrate

    333(ii)

    Dicalcium citrate

    333(iii)

    Tricalcium citrate

    334 335 335 (i)

    Tartaric acid, L(+)Sodium tartrates Monosodium tartrate

    335(ii) 336 336(i)

    Sodium L(+)-tartrate Potassium tartrates Monopotassium tartrate

    336(ii)

    Dipotassium tartrate

    337

    Potassium sodium L(+)-tartrate

    338 339

    Phosphoric acid Sodium phosphates

    Acidity regulator Emulsifier 339(i) Sodium dihydrogen phosphate Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier 339(ii) Disodium hydrogen phosphate Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant 339(iii) Trisodium phosphate Preservative Stabilizer Sequestrant Thickener Technological purpose acidity regulator emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent antimicrobial synergist stabilizer sequestrant texturizing agent acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator anticaking agent firming agent dough conditioner flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator anticaking agent firming agent dough conditioner flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent

    10

    340

    Potassium phosphates Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    340(i)

    Potassium dihydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    340(ii)

    Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    340(iii)

    Tripotassium phosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener

    341

    Calcium phosphates Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Firming agent Flour treatment agent

    341(i)

    Calcium dihydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Firming agent Flour treatment agent

    341(ii)

    Calcium hydrogen phosphate Humectant Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Emulsifier Firming agent Flour treatment agent Humectant Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener 342 342(i) 342(ii) 343 343(i) 343(ii) 343(iii) 344 345 349 350 350(i) 350(ii) 351 351(i) 351(ii) 352 352(i) 352(ii) 353 354 355 356 357 359 363 364 364(i) 364(ii) 365 366 367 368 370 375 380 Ammonium phosphates Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Diammonium hydrogen phosphate Magnesium phosphates Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate Magnesium hydrogen phosphate Trimagnesium phosphate Lecithin citrate Magnesium citrate Ammonium malate Sodium malates Sodium hydrogen DL-malate Sodium DL-malate Potassium malates Potassium hydrogen malate Potassium malate Calcium malates Calcium hydrogen malate Calcium malate, D,LMetatartaric acid Calcium tartrate, DLAdipic acid Sodium adipates Potassium adipates Ammonium adipates Succinic acid Sodium succinates Monosodium succinate Disodium succinate Sodium fumarates Potassium fumarates Calcium fumarates Ammonium fumarate Heptonolactone, 1,4Nicotinic acid Triammonium citrate Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Preservative Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Humectant Acidity regulator Humectant Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Sequestrant Colour retention agent Acidity regulator acidity regulator anticaking agent acidity regulator anticaking agent acidity regulator anticaking agent preservative acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator humectant acidity regulator humectant acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator flavour enhancer acidity regulator flavour enhancer acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator sequestrant colour retention agent acidity regulator Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent Technological purpose acidity regulator buffer anticaking agent clouding agent firming agent flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent

    11

    341(iii)

    Tricalcium phosphate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 381 383 Name of Food Additive Ferric ammonium citrate Calcium glycerophosphate Functional class Anticaking agent Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Antioxidant Preservative Sequestrant Antioxidant Colour retention agent Preservative Sequestrant Antioxidant Colour retention agent Preservative Sequestrant Stabilizer Antioxidant Sequestrant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Stabilizer Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Technological purpose anticaking agent gelling agent stabilizer thickener antioxidant preservative sequestrant antioxidant colour retention agent preservative sequestrant antioxidant colour stabilizer preservative sequestrant stabilizer antioxidant sequestrant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant preservative antioxidant stabilizer bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener

    12

    384

    Isopropyl citrates

    385

    Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate

    386

    Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate

    387 388 389 390 391 392 399

    Oxystearin Thiodipropionic acid Dilauryl thiodipropionate Distearyl thiodipropionate Phytic acid Rosemary extract Calcium lactobionate

    400

    Alginic acid

    401

    Sodium alginate

    402

    Potassium alginate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Antifoaming agent Bulking agent Carrier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Gelling agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent 407 Carrageenan Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent 407a Processed euchema seaweed (PES) Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Technological purpose bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener antifoaming agent bulking agent carrier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier coating agent glazing agent gelling agent humectant stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener gelling agent stabilizer thickener

    13

    403

    Ammonium alginate

    404

    Calcium alginate

    405

    Propylene glycol alginate

    406

    Agar

    408

    Bakers yeast glycan

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 409 Name of Food Additive Arabinogalactan Functional class Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Bulking agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Anticaking agent Bulking agent Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Humectant Thickener Technological purpose gelling agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier glazing agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer bodying agent thickener gelling agent stabilizer thickener stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener bulking agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent bulking agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent anticaking agent bulking agent humectant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent humectant bodying agent

    14

    410

    Carob bean gum

    411

    Oat gum

    412

    Guar gum

    413

    Tragacanth gum

    414

    Gum arabic (Acacia gum)

    415

    Xanthan gum

    416

    Karaya gum

    417

    Tara gum

    418

    Gellan gum

    419 420

    Gum ghatti Sorbitols

    420(i)

    Sorbitol

    420(ii)

    Sorbitol syrup

    421

    Mannitol

    422

    Glycerol

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 423 Name of Food Additive Functional class Octenyl succinic acid (OSA) modified gum Emulsifier arabic Firming agent Gelling agent Curdlan Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent Konjac flour Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Emulsifier Soybean hemicellulose Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Gelling agent Cassia gum Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Gelatin Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Peptones Emulsifier Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate Emulsifier Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate Emulsifier Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer 434 Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Technological purpose emulsifier firming agent gelling agent stabilizer thickener carrier emulsifier gelling agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener carrier emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer density adjustment agent emulsifier

    15

    424

    425

    426

    427

    428

    429 430 431 432

    433

    Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate

    435

    436

    Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate

    440

    Pectins

    441 442 443 444 445 445(i)

    Superglycerinated hydrogenated rapeseed oil Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid Brominated vegetable oils Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Glycerol esters of rosin Glycerol ester of gum rosin

    Emulsifier

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 445(ii) Name of Food Additive Glycerol ester of tall oil rosin Functional class Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Technological purpose density adjustment agent emulsifier density adjustment agent emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier raising agent moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier firming agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer

    16

    445(iii) 446 450

    Glycerol ester of wood rosin Succistearin Diphosphates

    Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Raising agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Firming agent Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer

    450(i)

    Disodium diphosphate

    450(ii)

    Trisodium diphosphate

    450(iii)

    Tetrasodium diphosphate

    450(iv)

    Dipotassium diphosphate

    450(v)

    Tetrapotassium diphosphate

    450(vi)

    Dicalcium diphosphate

    450(vii)

    Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Emulsifier Firming agent Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Raising agent Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Technological purpose acidity regulator dough conditioner emulsifier firming agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent raising agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent stabilizer sequestrant texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent

    17

    450(viii)

    Dimagnesium diphosphate

    450(ix) 451

    Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate Triphosphates

    451(i)

    Pentasodium triphosphate

    451(ii)

    Pentapotassium triphosphate

    451(iii)

    Sodium potassium trisphospate

    452

    Polyphosphates

    452(i)

    Sodium polyphosphate

    452(ii)

    Potassium polyphosphate

    452(iii)

    Sodium calcium polyphosphate

    452(iv)

    Calcium polyphosphate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Colour Carrier Carrier Stabilizer Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent 460(i) Microcrystalline cellulose (Cellulose gel) Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Bulking agent Glazing agent 460(ii) Powdered cellulose Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Glazing agent 461 Methyl cellulose Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Binder Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent Thickener Technological purpose emulsifier moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent colour carrier carrier stabilizer stabilizer binder stabilizer binder carrier stabilizer binder

    18

    452(v)

    Ammonium polyphosphate

    452(vi)

    Sodium potassium hexametaphosphate

    453 454 455 457 458

    Ferric(III)-orthophosphate Ferric(III)-pyrophosphate Yeast mannoproteins Cyclodextrin, alphaCyclodextrin, gamma-

    459 460

    Cyclodextrin, betaCelluloses

    462

    Ethyl cellulose

    anticaking agent bulking agent carrier coating agent glazing agent dispersing agent emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer texturizing agent thickener anticaking agent bulking agent coating agent glazing agent dispersing agent emulsifier humectant stabilizer texturizing agent thickener bulking agent coating agent glazing agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener binder filler diluent for other food additives coating agent glazing agent thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Emulsifier Foaming agent 463 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Glazing agent 464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Emulsifier Firming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Technological purpose emulsifier suspension agent foaming agent coating agent film-forming agent glazing agent stabilizer binder thickener bulking agent coating agent glazing agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer thickener bulking agent emulsifier suspension agent firming agent gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener stabilizer binder stabilizer thickener

    19

    465

    Methyl ethyl cellulose

    466

    Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cellulose gum)

    467

    Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose

    468 469

    470

    470(i)

    470(ii)

    470(iii)

    471

    472a

    472b

    Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cross-linked cellulose gum) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolysed (Cellulose gum, Thickener enzymatically hydrolyzed) Salts of fatty acids, with base aluminium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium Salts of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids Anticaking agent with ammonia, calcium, potassium and Emulsifier sodium Stabilizer Anticaking agent Salts of oleic acid with calcium, potassium Emulsifier and sodium Stabilizer Anticaking agent Magnesium stearate Emulsifier Thickener Antifoaming agent Mono- and di- glycerides of fatty acids Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol Sequestrant Stabilizer

    anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer anticaking agent emulsifier binder antifoaming agent emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Antioxidant Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Humectant Flour treatment agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Foaming agent Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Emulsifier Sequestrant Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer Technological purpose antioxidant synergist emulsifier dough conditioner sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier wetting agent dough conditioner emulsifier whipping agent stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier dough conditioners whipping agent stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer flour treatment agent antioxidant emulsifier sequestrant emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier stabilizer

    20

    472c

    Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol

    472d

    Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol

    472e

    472g

    Succinylated monoglycerides

    473 473a 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481

    Sucrose esters of fatty acids Sucrose oligoesters, type I and type II Sucroglycerides Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Sodium lactylates

    481(i)

    Sodium stearoyl lactylate

    481(ii) 482

    Sodium oleyl lactylate Calcium lactylates

    482(i)

    Calcium stearoyl lactylate

    482(ii) 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 491 492 493

    Calcium oleyl lactylate Stearyl tartrate Stearyl citrate Sodium stearoyl fumarate Calcium stearoyl fumarate Sodium laurylsulfate Ethoxylated mono- and di-glycerides Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester Sorbitan monostearate Sorbitan tristearate Sorbitan monolaurate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 494 495 496 500 500(i) Name of Food Additive Sorbitan monooleate Sorbitan monopalmitate Sorbitan trioleate Sodium carbonates Sodium carbonate Functional class Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Raising agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Raising agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Raising agent Acidity regulator Stabilizer Acidity regulator Raising agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Carrier Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Thickener Firming agent Stabilizer Thickener Flour treatment agent Colour retention agent Firming agent Stabilizer Antioxidant Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Technological purpose emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent acidity regulator stabilizer acidity regulator raising agent stabilizer acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator anticaking agent colour retention agent acidity regulator anticaking agent drying agent carrier colour retention agent acidity regulator acidity regulator flavour enhancer stabilizer thickener firming agent stabilizer thickener flour treatment agent colour retention agent firming agent stabilizer antioxidant colour retention agent acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator

    21

    500(ii)

    Sodium hydrogen carbonate

    500(iii) 501 501(i)

    Sodium sesquicarbonate Potassium carbonates Potassium carbonate

    501(ii) 503 503(i) 503(ii) 504 504(i)

    Potassium hydrogen carbonate Ammonium carbonates Ammonium carbonate Ammonium hydrogen carbonate Magnesium carbonates Magnesium carbonate

    504(ii)

    Magnesium hydroxide carbonate

    505 507

    Ferrous carbonate Hydrochloric acid

    508

    Potassium chloride

    509 510 511

    Calcium chloride Ammonium chloride Magnesium chloride

    512 513 514 514(i) 514(ii) 515 515(i) 515(ii)

    Stannous chloride Sulfuric acid Sodium sulfates Sodium sulfate Sodium hydrogen sulfate Potassium sulfates Potassium sulfate Potassium hydrogen sulfate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Firming agent Flour treatment agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Flour treatment agent Stabilizer Firming agent Flavour enhancer Colour retention agent Preservative Firming agent Firming agent Acidity regulator Stabilizer Aciditiy regulator 523 Aluminium ammonium sulfate Colour retention agent Firming agent Raising agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Firming agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Antioxidant Sequestrant 541 Sodium aluminium phosphates Acidity regulator Emulsifier Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Emulsifier Humectant Anticaking agent Anticaking agent acidity regulator emulsifier raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier stabilizer texturizing agent anticaking agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent anticaking agent anticaking agent Technological purpose acidity regulator firming agent flour treatment agent sequestrant stabilizer flour treatment agent stabilizer firming agent flavour enhancer colour fixative preservative firming agent firming agent acidity regulator stabilizer aciditiy regulator buffer colour fixative firming agent raising agent stabilizer acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator firming agent acidity regulator acidity regulator colour retention agent acidity regulator dough conditioner flour treatment agent anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent antibrowning agent antioxidant sequestrant

    22

    516

    Calcium sulfate

    517 518 519 520 521 522

    Ammonium sulfate Magnesium sulfate Cupric sulfate Aluminium sulfate Aluminium sodium sulfate Aluminium potassium sulfate

    524 525 526 527 528

    Sodium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide

    529 530 535 536 537 538 539

    Calcium oxide Magnesium oxide Sodium ferrocyanide Potassium ferrocyanide Ferrous hexacyanomanganate Calcium ferrocyanide Sodium thiosulfate

    541(i)

    Sodium aluminium phosphate, acidic

    541(ii)

    Sodium aluminium phosphate, basic

    542 550 550(i) 550(ii)

    Bone phosphate Sodium silicates Sodium silicate Sodium metasilicate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 551 552 553 553(i) 553(ii) Name of Food Additive Silicon dioxide, amorphous Calcium silicate Magnesium silicates Magnesium silicate, synthetic Magnesium trisilicate Functional class Anticaking agent Carrier Antifoaming agent Anticaking agent Technological purpose anticaking agent carrier defoaming agent anticaking agent anticaking agent dusting agent anticaking agent dusting agent anticaking agent dusting agent coating agent surface-finishing agent texturizing agent anticaking agent anticaking agent carrier anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent anticaking agent antifoaming agent glazing agent foam stabilizer acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator raising agent sequestrant sequestrant stabilizer thickener acidity regulator sequestrant acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant colour retention agent colour stabilizer acidity regulator firming agent flavour enhancer colour retention agent antioxidant colour retention agent flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer

    23

    Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent

    553(iii)

    Talc

    Glazing agent Thickener Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Carrier Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Anticaking agent Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Raising agent Sequestrant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Sequestrant Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Firming agent Flavour enhancer Colour retention agent Antioxidant Colour retention agent Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer

    554 555 556 557 558 559 560 570

    Sodium aluminosilicate Potassium aluminium silicate Calcium aluminium silicate Zinc silicate Bentonite Aluminium silicate Potassium silicate Fatty acids

    574

    Gluconic acid, D-

    575

    Glucono delta-lactone

    576

    Sodium gluconate

    577

    Potassium gluconate

    578

    Calcium gluconate

    579

    Ferrous gluconate

    580 585 586 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630

    Magnesium gluconate Ferrous lactate Hexylresorcinol, 4Glutamic acid, L(+)Monosodium L-glutamate Monopotassium L-glutamate Calcium di-L-glutamate Monoammonium L-glutamate Magnesium di-L-glutamate Guanylic acid, 5Disodium 5-guanylate Dipotassium 5-guanylate Calcium 5-guanylate Inosinic acid, 5-

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 650 900a 900b Name of Food Additive Disodium 5-inosinate Potassium 5-inosinate Calcium 5-inosinate Calcium 5-ribonucleotides Disodium 5-ribonucleotides Maltol Ethyl maltol Sodium L-aspartate Alanine, DLGlycine Leucine, LLysin hydrochloride Zinc acetate Polydimethylsiloxane Methylphenylpolysiloxane Functional class Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Anticaking agent Antifoaming agent Emulsifier Antifoaming agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier 902 Candelilla wax Glazing agent Thickener Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent Glazing agent Technological purpose flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer anticaking agent antifoaming agent emulsifier antifoaming agent carrier clouding agent coating agent glazing agent stabilizer texturing agent thickener carrier clouding agent glazing agent surface finishing agent texturizing agent acidity regulator anticaking agent bulking agent carrier glazing agent coating agent glazing agent surface-finishing agent glazing agent sealing agent antifoaming agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent defoaming agent glazing agent glazing agent defoaming agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent

    24

    901

    Beeswax

    903

    Carnauba wax

    904

    Shellac, bleached

    905a

    Mineral oil, food grade

    Glazing agent Antifoaming agent

    905b

    Petroleum jelly (Petrolatum)

    Glazing agent Glazing agent Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent

    905c 905c(i) 905c(ii) 905d

    Petroleum wax Microcrystalline wax Paraffin wax Mineral oil, high viscosity

    905e 905f 905g 906

    Mineral oil, medium viscosity Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity, class II Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity, class III Benzoin gum

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 907 908 909 910 911 913 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 925 926 927a 927b 928 929 930 940 941 Name of Food Additive Hydrogenated poly-1-decenes Rice bran wax Spermaceti wax Wax esters Methyl esters of fatty acids Lanolin Glycerol, methyl, or pentaerithrytol esters of colophane Calcium iodate Potassium iodate Nitrogen oxides Nitrosyl chloride Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides sodium and potassium salts Cystine, L-and its hydrochlorides sodium and potassium salts Potassium persulfate Ammonium persulfate Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Azodicarbonamide Urea (Carbamide) Benzoyl peroxide Acetone peroxide Calcium peroxide Dichlorodifluormethane Nitrogen Functional class Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Propellant Packaging gas Propellant Antioxidant Foaming agent Packaging gas Propellant Propellant Propellant Propellant Propellant Propellant Packaging gas Flavour enhancer Sweetener Flavour enhancer Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Anticaking agent Bulking agent Glazing agent Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Sweetener Sweetener Technological purpose glazing agent glazing agent glazing agent glazing agent glazing agent glazing agent glazing agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour bleaching agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent flour treatment agent bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative flour treatment agent flour treatment agent propellant packaging gas propellant antioxidant foaming agent packaging gas propellant propellant propellant propellant propellant propellant packaging gas flavour enhancer sweetener flavour enhancer sweetener sweetener sweetener sweetener anticaking agent bulking agent glazing agent stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent sweetener sweetener

    25

    942

    Nitrous oxide

    943a 943b 944 945 946 949 950 951 952 952(i) 952(ii) 952(iv)

    Butane Isobutane Propane Chloropentafluorethane Octafluorcyclobutane Hydrogen Acesulfame potassium Aspartame Cyclamates Cyclamic acid Calcium cyclamate Sodium cyclamate

    953

    Isomalt (Hydrogenated isomaltulose)

    954 954(i) 954(ii)

    Saccharins Saccharin Calcium saccharin

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 954(iii) 954(iv) 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 Name of Food Additive Potassium saccharin Sodium saccharin Sucralose (Trichlorogalactosucrose) Alitame Thaumatin Glycyrrhizin Neohesperidine dihydrochalcone Steviol glycosides Neotame Aspartame-acesulfame salt Tagatose, DPolyglycitol syrup Maltitols Functional class Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Flavour enhancer Sweetener Flavour enhancer Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Flavour enhancer Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Sweetener Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Sweetener Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Emulsifier Sweetener Thickener Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Flavour enhancer Humectant Sweetener Sweetener Flavour enhancer Emulsifier Foaming agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Technological purpose sweetener sweetener sweetener sweetener flavour enhancer sweetener flavour enhancer sweetener sweetener sweetener flavour enhancer sweetener sweetener sweetener sweetener bulking agent emulsifier humectant sweetener stabilizer thickener texturizing agent bulking agent emulsifier humectant stabilizer sweetener thickener texturizing agent emulsifier sweetener texturizing agent emulsifier humectant stabilizer sweetener thickener flavour enhancer humectant sweetener sweetener flavour enhancer emulsifier foaming agent emulsifier foaming agent emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier flour treatment agent

    26

    965(i)

    Maltitol

    965(ii)

    Maltitol syrup

    966

    Lactitol

    967

    Xylitol

    968

    Erythritol

    969 999 999(i) 999(ii) 1000 1001 1001(i) 1001(ii) 1001(iii) 1001(iv) 1001(v) 1001(vi) 1100

    Advantame Quillaia extracts Quillaia extract type 1 Quillaia extract type 2 Cholic acid Choline salts and esters Choline acetate Choline carbonate Choline chloride Choline citrate Choline tartrate Choline lactate Amylases

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. 1101 1101(i) 1101(ii) 1101(iii) Name of Food Additive Proteases Protease Papain Bromelain Functional class Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Antioxidant Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Preservative Bulking agent Glazing agent 1200 Polydextroses Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Colour retention agent Stabilizer Technological purpose flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer flavour enhancer flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer antioxidant stabilizer flavour enhancer preservative bulking agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer texturizing agent thickener dispersing agent coating agent stabilizer bodying agent colour stabilizer colloidal stabilizer stabilizer coating agent sealing agent surface-finishing agent binder film-forming agent glazing agent thickener anticaking agent carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer glazing agent carrier carrier carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer foam stabilizer sequestrant carrier carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer humectant carrier

    27

    1101(iv) 1102 1103 1104 1105

    Ficin Glucose oxidase Invertases Lipases Lysozyme

    1201

    Polyvinylpyrrolidone

    1202

    Polyvinylpyrrolidone, insoluble

    1203

    Polyvinyl alcohol

    Glazing agent Thickener

    1204

    Pullulan

    Glazing agent Thickener Anticaking agent Carrier

    1503

    Castor oil

    Emulsifier Glazing agent Carrier Carrier Carrier Emulsifier Stabilizer Sequestrant Carrier Carrier Emulsifier Humectant Carrier

    1504(i) 1504(ii)

    Cyclotetraglucose Cyclotetraglucose syrup

    1505

    Triethyl citrate

    1517

    Glycerol diacetate

    1518

    Triacetin

    1519

    Benzyl alcohol

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Emulsifier Glazing agent Humectant Antifoaming agent Carrier 1521 Polyethylene glycol Emulsifier Glazing agent Thickener 1522 Calcium lignosulfonate, 40-65 Carrier Technological purpose dispersing agent glazing agent humectant wetting agent antifoaming agent carrier emulsifier plasticizer glazing agent binder carrier encapsulating agent

    28

    1520

    Propylene glycol

    CAC/GL 36-1989

    29

    SUPPLEMENTARY LIST - MODIFIED STARCHES List in numerical order INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional Class Carrier Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Technological purpose carrier emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener

    1400

    Dextrins, roasted starch

    1401

    Acid-treated starch

    1402

    Alkaline treated starch

    1403

    Bleached starch

    1404

    Oxidized starch

    1405

    Starches, enzyme treated

    1410

    Monostarch phosphate

    1411

    Distarch glycerol

    1412

    Distarch phosphate

    1413

    Phosphated distarch phosphate

    1414

    Acetylated distarch phosphate

    1420

    Starch acetate

    1422

    Acetylated distarch adipate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional Class Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking Agent Carrier Stabilizer Technological purpose emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener anticaking agent carrier stabilizer

    30

    1440

    Hydroxypropyl starch

    1442

    Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate

    1450

    Starch sodium octenyl succinate

    1451

    Acetylated oxidized starch

    1452

    Starch aluminium octenyl succinate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 SECTION 4 INTERNATIONAL NUMBERING SYSTEM FOR FOOD ADDITIVES List in alphabetical order INS No.
    950 260

    31

    Name of Food Additive


    Acesulfame potassium Acetic acid, glacial

    472a 929 355 969

    Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol Acetone peroxide Adipic acid Advantame

    Functional class Flavour enhancer Sweetener Acidity regulator Preservative Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Sweetener Flavour enhancer Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Gelling agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Flavour enhancer Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Sweetener Colour Colour Colour Aciditiy regulator

    406

    Agar

    639

    Alanine, DL-

    400

    Alginic acid

    956 103 129 173

    Alitame Alkanet Allura red AC Aluminium powder

    523

    Aluminium ammonium sulfate

    522 559 521 520 123 264 359

    Aluminium potassium sulfate Aluminium silicate Aluminium sodium sulfate Aluminium sulfate Amaranth Ammonium acetate Ammonium adipates

    Colour retention agent Firming agent Raising agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Stabilizer Anticaking agent Firming agent Firming agent Colour Acidity regulator Acidity regulator

    technological purpose flavour enhancer sweetener acidity regulator preservative emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer flour treatment agent acidity regulator sweetener flavour enhancer bulking agent carrier emulsifier coating agent glazing agent gelling agent humectant stabilizer thickener flavour enhancer bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener sweetener colour colour colour surface colourant aciditiy regulator buffer colour fixative firming agent raising agent stabilizer acidity regulator stabilizer anticaking agent firming agent firming agent colour acidity regulator acidity regulator

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Raising agent Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Stabilizer Flour treatment agent Colour Colour Antioxidant Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Antioxidant Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Sweetener Sweetener Flour treatment agent Colour Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener technological purpose bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener acidity regulator raising agent flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent emulsifier flour treatment agent stabilizer flour treatment agent colour colour antioxidant gelling agent stabilizer thickener acidity regulator antioxidant flour treatment agent antioxidant antioxidant flavour enhancer sweetener sweetener flour treatment agent colour gelling agent stabilizer thickener

    32

    403

    Ammonium alginate

    503(i) 503 510 342(i) 368 503(ii) 527 328 349 923 342

    Ammonium carbonate Ammonium carbonates Ammonium chloride Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Ammonium fumarate Ammonium hydrogen carbonate Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium lactate Ammonium malate Ammonium persulfate Ammonium phosphates

    452(v)

    Ammonium polyphosphate

    442 517 1100 160b 160b(i) 160b(ii) 323 163 409

    Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid Ammonium sulfate Amylases Annatto extracts Annatto extracts, bixin-based Annatto extracts, norbixin-based Anoxomer Anthocyanins Arabinogalactan

    300 304 305 951 962 927a 122 408

    Ascorbic acid, LAscorbyl palmitate Ascorbyl stearate Aspartame Aspartame-acesulfame salt Azodicarbonamide Azorubine (Carmoisine) Bakers yeast glycan

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener
    162 558 210 906 928 1519 163(iii) 542 151 133 1101(iii) Beet red Bentonite Benzoic acid Benzoin gum Benzoyl peroxide Benzyl alcohol Blackcurrant extract Bone phosphate Brilliant black (Black PN) Brilliant blue FCF Bromelain

    33 technological purpose carrier clouding agent coating agent glazing agent stabilizer texturing agent thickener colour anticaking agent preservative glazing agent bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative carrier colour anticaking agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent colour colour flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer colour colour propellant antioxidant antioxidant flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer acidity regulator preservative stabilizer antifoaming agent bulking agent carrier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener anticaking agent antioxidant preservative acidity regulator anticaking agent surface colourant firming agent dough conditioner stabilizer

    901

    Beeswax

    443 154 155 943a 320 321 629 633 634 263

    Brominated vegetable oils Brown FK Brown HT Butane Butylated hydroxyanisole Butylated hydroxytoluene Calcium 5-guanylate Calcium 5-inosinate Calcium 5-ribonucleotides Calcium acetate

    404

    Calcium alginate

    556 302 213

    Calcium aluminium silicate Calcium ascorbate Calcium benzoate

    170(i)

    Calcium carbonate

    Colour Anticaking agent Preservative Glazing agent Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Carrier Colour Anticaking agent Emulsifier Humectant Colour Colour Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Colour Colour Propellant Antioxidant Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Preservative Stabilizer Antifoaming agent Bulking agent Carrier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Antioxidant Preservative Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour Firming agent Flour treatment agent Stabilizer

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    170 509 333 952(ii)

    34 Functional class Firming agent Stabilizer Thickener Sweetener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Firming agent Flour treatment agent technological purpose firming agent stabilizer thickener sweetener acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator anticaking agent firming agent dough conditioner flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent flavour enhancer antioxidant colour retention agent preservative sequestrant anticaking agent preservative acidity regulator acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant gelling agent stabilizer thickener acidity regulator anticaking agent surface colourant firming agent dough conditioner stabilizer acidity regulator acidity regulator anticaking agent firming agent dough conditioner flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent antioxidant preservative

    Name of Food Additive


    Calcium carbonates Calcium chloride Calcium citrates Calcium cyclamate

    450(vii)

    Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate

    341(i)

    Calcium dihydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Flavour enhancer Antioxidant Colour retention agent Preservative Sequestrant Anticaking agent Preservative Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour Firming agent Flour treatment agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Firming agent Flour treatment agent

    623

    Calcium di-L-glutamate Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate Calcium ferrocyanide Calcium formate Calcium fumarates Calcium gluconate

    385

    538 238 367 578

    383

    Calcium glycerophosphate

    170(ii)

    Calcium hydrogen carbonate

    352(i)

    Calcium hydrogen malate

    341(ii)

    Calcium hydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Antioxidant Preservative

    227

    Calcium hydrogen sulfite

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    526 916 318 327 399 482 1522 352(ii) 352 482(ii)

    35 Functional class Acidity regulator Firming agent Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Firming agent Stabilizer Carrier Acidity regulator Emulsifier Stabilizer Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Preservative Sweetener Anticaking agent Preservative Emulsifier Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Foaming agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Firming agent Flour treatment agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Antioxidant Preservative Acidity regulator Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Thickener Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour technological purpose acidity regulator firming agent flour treatment agent antioxidant acidity regulator flour treatment agent firming agent stabilizer carrier encapsulating agent acidity regulator emulsifier stabilizer acidity regulator dough conditioner flour treatment agent flour treatment agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent preservative sweetener anticaking agent preservative emulsifier emulsifier dough conditioners whipping agent stabilizer acidity regulator firming agent flour treatment agent sequestrant stabilizer antioxidant preservative acidity regulator carrier clouding agent glazing agent surface finishing agent texturizing agent colour colour colour colour colour colour

    Name of Food Additive


    Calcium hydroxide Calcium iodate Calcium isoascorbate Calcium lactate Calcium lactobionate Calcium lactylates Calcium lignosulfonate, 40-65 Calcium malate, D,LCalcium malates Calcium oleyl lactylate

    529 930 341

    Calcium oxide Calcium peroxide Calcium phosphates

    452(iv)

    Calcium polyphosphate

    282 954(ii) 552 203 486

    Calcium propionate Calcium saccharin Calcium silicate Calcium sorbate Calcium stearoyl fumarate

    482(i)

    Calcium stearoyl lactylate

    516

    Calcium sulfate

    226 354

    Calcium sulfite Calcium tartrate, DL-

    902

    Candelilla wax

    161g 150a 150b 150c 150d 150 152

    Canthaxanthin Caramel I plain caramel Caramel II - sulfite caramel Caramel III - ammonia caramel Caramel IV - sulfite ammonia caramel Caramels Carbon black (Hydrocarbon)

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Carbonating agent Packaging gas Preservative Propellant Colour Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent
    460 925 926 945 141(ii) 140 141 141(i) 1000 1001(i) 1001(ii) 1001(iii) 1001(iv) 1001(vi) 1001 1001(v) Celluloses Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Chloropentafluorethane Chlorophyllins, copper complexes, potassium and sodium salts Chlorophylls Chlorophylls and chlorophyllins, copper complexes Chlorophylls, copper complexes Cholic acid Choline acetate Choline carbonate Choline chloride Choline citrate Choline lactate Choline salts and esters Choline tartrate

    36 technological purpose carbonating agent packaging gas preservative propellant colour acidity regulator anticaking agent bulking agent carrier glazing agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener colour colour colour colour colour colour bulking agent carrier emulsifier gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener anticaking agent carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer glazing agent flour bleaching agent flour treatment agent propellant colour colour

    290

    Carbon dioxide

    120

    Carmines

    903

    Carnauba wax

    410 160e 160a 160a(iv) 160a(iii) 160a (i) 160a(ii) 160f

    Carob bean gum Carotenal, beta-apo-8Carotenes Carotenes, beta-, algae Carotenes, beta-, Blakeslea trispora Carotenes, beta-, synthetic Carotenes, beta-, vegetable Carotenoic acid, ethyl ester, beta-apo-8'-

    407

    Carrageenan

    427

    Cassia gum

    1503

    Castor oil

    Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Propellant Colour Colour

    Colour Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier

    colour emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier emulsifier

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Antioxidant Colour retention agent Sequestrant Antioxidant Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Colour Stabilizer Thickener Colour retention agent Preservative Colour Firming agent Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Sweetener Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Carrier technological purpose acidity regulator antioxidant colour retention agent sequestrant antioxidant synergist emulsifier dough conditioner sequestrant stabilizer colour stabilizer binder colour fixative preservative colour firming agent gelling agent stabilizer thickener sweetener stabilizer binder carrier stabilizer binder stabilizer binder carrier carrier flour treatment agent flour treatment agent preservative emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator flour treatment agent acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier firming agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent propellant antioxidant

    37

    330

    Citric acid

    472c

    Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol

    121 468 519 100(i) 100

    Citrus red No. 2 Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cross-linked cellulose gum) Cupric sulfate Curcumin Curcumins

    424

    Curdlan

    952 952(i) 457

    Cyclamates Cyclamic acid Cyclodextrin, alpha-

    459

    Cyclodextrin, beta-

    458 1504(i) 1504(ii) 920 921 265 472e

    Cyclodextrin, gamma-

    Cyclotetraglucose Cyclotetraglucose syrup Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides sodium Flour treatment agent and potassium salts Cystine, L-and its hydrochlorides sodium Flour treatment agent and potassium salts Dehydroacetic acid Preservative Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol Diammonium hydrogen phosphate

    342(ii)

    333(ii)

    Dicalcium citrate

    Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Firming agent Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Propellant Antioxidant

    450(vi)

    Dicalcium diphosphate

    940 389

    Dichlorodifluormethane Dilauryl thiodipropionate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Emulsifier Firming agent Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Preservative Emulsifier Humectant Preservative Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier
    340(ii) Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate

    38 technological purpose acidity regulator dough conditioner emulsifier firming agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent preservative emulsifier wetting agent preservative flavour enhancer acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer flavour enhancer acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent antioxidant colour stabilizer preservative sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent

    450(viii)

    Dimagnesium diphosphate

    242 480 230 450 628

    Dimethyl dicarbonate Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Diphenyl Diphosphates Dipotassium 5-guanylate

    450(iv)

    Dipotassium diphosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Antioxidant Colour retention agent Preservative Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    336(ii) 627 631 635

    Dipotassium tartrate Disodium 5-guanylate Disodium 5-inosinate Disodium 5-ribonucleotides

    450(i)

    Disodium diphosphate

    386

    Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate

    339(ii)

    Disodium hydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Humectant Sweetener Colour Emulsifier Antioxidant Binder Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent Thickener Antioxidant Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Flavour enhancer Preservative Colour Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Stabilizer Anticaking agent Colour Carrier Carrier Acidity regulator Colour retention agent Anticaking agent Colour retention agent Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Colour Preservative Preservative Acidity regulator Colour Colour Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener

    39 technological purpose acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator flavour enhancer antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant flavour enhancer humectant sweetener colour emulsifier antioxidant binder filler diluent for other food additives coating agent glazing agent thickener antioxidant emulsifier stabilizer thickener flavour enhancer preservative colour antifoaming agent glazing agent foam stabilizer anticaking agent colour carrier carrier acidity regulator colour retention agent colour stabilizer anticaking agent colour retention agent flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer colour preservative preservative acidity regulator colour colour carrier emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener stabilizer thickener

    331(ii)

    Disodium monohydrogen citrate

    364(ii) 390 312 315 968 127 488 324

    Disodium succinate Distearyl thiodipropionate Dodecyl gallate Erythorbic acid (Isoascorbic acid) Erythritol Erythrosine Ethoxylated mono- and di-glycerides Ethoxyquin

    462

    Ethyl cellulose

    313 467 637 214 143 570 381 453 454 505 579 537 585 1101(iv) 161a 240 236 297 165 164

    Ethyl gallate Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Ethyl maltol Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Fast Green FCF Fatty acids Ferric ammonium citrate Ferric(III)-orthophosphate Ferric(III)-pyrophosphate Ferrous carbonate Ferrous gluconate Ferrous hexacyanomanganate Ferrous lactate Ficin Flavoxanthin Formaldehyde Formic acid Fumaric acid Gardenia blue Gardenia yellow

    428

    Gelatin

    418

    Gellan gum

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    574

    40 Functional class Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Raising agent Sequestrant Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Humectant Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer technological purpose acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator raising agent sequestrant antioxidant flavour enhancer humectant bodying agent carrier density adjustment agent emulsifier density adjustment agent emulsifier density adjustment agent emulsifier stabilizer glazing agent flavour enhancer flavour enhancer sweetener colour colour colour antioxidant flavour enhancer emulsifier stabilizer thickener bulking agent carrier emulsifier glazing agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier stabilizer thickener preservative acidity regulator sequestrant preservative preservative antioxidant colour retention agent acidity regulator packaging gas glazing agent

    Name of Food Additive


    Gluconic acid, D-

    575 1102 620 422 1517 445(i) 445(ii)

    Glucono delta-lactone Glucose oxidase Glutamic acid, L(+)Glycerol Glycerol diacetate Glycerol ester of gum rosin Glycerol ester of tall oil rosin

    445(iii) 445 915 640 958 175 163(ii) 142 314 626 412

    Glycerol ester of wood rosin

    Glycerol esters of rosin Glycerol, methyl, or pentaerithrytol esters of Glazing agent colophane Glycine Flavour enhancer Glycyrrhizin Gold, metallic Grape skin extract Green S Guaiac resin Guanylic acid, 5Guar gum

    414

    Gum arabic (Acacia gum)

    419 241 370 209 239 586 507 949 907

    Gum ghatti Gum guaicum Heptonolactone, 1,4Heptyl para-hydroxybenzoate Hexamethylene tetramine Hexylresorcinol, 4Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen Hydrogenated poly-1-decenes

    Flavour enhancer Sweetener Colour Colour Colour Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Preservative Acidity regulator Sequestrant Preservative Preservative Antioxidant Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Packaging gas Glazing agent

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Emulsifier Foaming agent
    463 Hydroxypropyl cellulose

    41 technological purpose emulsifier suspension agent foaming agent coating agent film-forming agent glazing agent stabilizer binder thickener bulking agent coating agent glazing agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener colour flavour enhancer stabilizer colour colour colour propellant anticaking agent bulking agent glazing agent stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent antioxidant preservative sequestrant emulsifier stabilizer thickener carrier emulsifier gelling agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener colour acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sweetener texturizing agent emulsifier glazing agent preservative antioxidant emulsifier preservative

    Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Glazing agent

    464

    Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose

    132 630 1103 172(i) 172(ii) 172(iii) 172 943b

    Indigotine (Indigo carmine) Inosinic acid, 5Invertases Iron oxide, black Iron oxide, red Iron oxide, yellow Iron oxides Isobutane

    Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Colour Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Colour Colour Colour Propellant Anticaking agent Bulking agent Glazing agent Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Antioxidant Preservative Sequestrant Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Colour Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Sweetener Thickener Emulsifier Glazing agent Preservative Antioxidant Emulsifier Preservative

    953

    Isomalt (Hydrogenated isomaltulose)

    384

    Isopropyl citrates

    416

    Karaya gum

    425

    Konjac flour

    161c 270 472b

    Kryptoxanthin Lactic acid, L-, D- and DLLactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol

    966

    Lactitol Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol Lanolin Lauric arginate ethyl ester Lecithin Lecithin citrate

    478 913 243 322(i) 344

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    322(ii) 322 641 1104 180 161b(i) 161b 160d(iii) 160d(i) 160d(ii) 160d 642 1105 504(i) 504 511 345 450(ix) 343(i) 625 580

    42 Functional class Antioxidant Emulsifier Flavour enhancer Flavour enhancer Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Flavour enhancer Preservative Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Colour retention agent Colour retention agent Firming agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Raising agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Firming agent Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Carrier Colour retention agent Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Anticaking agent technological purpose antioxidant emulsifier flavour enhancer flavour enhancer colour colour colour colour colour flavour enhancer preservative acidity regulator anticaking agent colour retention agent colour retention agent firming agent stabilizer acidity regulator raising agent acidity regulator anticaking agent flavour enhancer acidity regulator firming agent flavour enhancer acidity regulator anticaking agent acidity regulator colour retention agent acidity regulator anticaking agent drying agent carrier colour retention agent acidity regulator flour treatment agent anticaking agent anticaking agent dusting agent anticaking agent emulsifier binder firming agent flavour enhancer anticaking agent dusting agent acidity regulator

    Name of Food Additive


    Lecithin, partially hydrolysed Lecithins Leucine, LLipases Lithol rubine BK Lutein from Tagetes erecta Luteins Lycopene, Blakeslea trispora Lycopene, synthetic Lycopene, tomato Lycopenes Lysin hydrochloride Lysozyme Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonates Magnesium chloride Magnesium citrate Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate Magnesium di-L-glutamate Magnesium gluconate

    343(ii) 528

    Magnesium hydrogen phosphate Magnesium hydroxide

    504(ii)

    Magnesium hydroxide carbonate

    329 530 343 553(i) 553 470(iii)

    Magnesium lactate, DLMagnesium oxide Magnesium phosphates Magnesium silicate, synthetic Magnesium silicates Magnesium stearate

    Anticaking agent

    518 553(ii) 296

    Magnesium sulfate Magnesium trisilicate Malic acid, DL-

    Anticaking agent Emulsifier Thickener Firming agent Flavour enhancer Anticaking agent Acidity regulator

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Sweetener Stabilizer Thickener Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener
    965 636 130 Maltitols Maltol Manascorubin

    43 technological purpose bulking agent emulsifier humectant sweetener stabilizer texturizing agent thickener bulking agent emulsifier humectant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent thickener flavour enhancer colour anticaking agent bulking agent humectant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent acidity regulator bulking agent coating agent glazing agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener glazing agent emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier preservative antifoaming agent anticaking agent bulking agent carrier coating agent glazing agent dispersing agent emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer texturizing agent thickener defoaming agent glazing agent glazing agent sealing agent defoaming agent glazing agent sealing agent

    965(i)

    Maltitol

    965(ii)

    Maltitol syrup

    421

    Mannitol

    353

    Metatartaric acid

    Flavour enhancer Colour Anticaking agent Bulking agent Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Acidity regulator Bulking agent Glazing agent

    461

    Methyl cellulose

    911

    Methyl esters of fatty acids

    465

    Methyl ethyl cellulose

    489 218 900b

    Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Methylphenylpolysiloxane

    Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Glazing agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Preservative Antifoaming agent Anticaking agent Bulking agent Carrier Glazing agent

    460(i)

    Microcrystalline cellulose (Cellulose gel)

    Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener

    905c(i) 905a

    Microcrystalline wax Mineral oil, food grade

    Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Antifoaming agent

    905d

    Mineral oil, high viscosity

    Glazing agent

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    905e 905f 905g

    44 Functional class technological purpose glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent antifoaming agent emulsifier stabilizer flavour enhancer acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer flavour enhancer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer flavour enhancer acidity regulator flavour enhancer acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer preservative sweetener flavour enhancer sweetener colour retention agent preservative packaging gas propellant flour treatment agent flour treatment agent antioxidant foaming agent packaging gas propellant stabilizer thickener propellant emulsifier antioxidant colour preservative antioxidant sequestrant flavour enhancer colour colour glazing agent colour emulsifier gelling agent stabilizer thickener

    Name of Food Additive

    Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity, class I Glazing agent Mineral oil, medium viscosity

    Glazing agent

    Mineral oil, medium and low viscosity, class Glazing agent III Mono- and di- glycerides of fatty acids Monoammonium L-glutamate

    471 624

    333(i)

    Monocalcium citrate

    622 336(i) 621 364(i)

    Monopotassium L-glutamate Monopotassium tartrate Monosodium L-glutamate Monosodium succinate

    335 (i) 235 959 961 375 234 941 918 919

    Monosodium tartrate Natamycin (Pimaricin) Neohesperidine dihydrochalcone Neotame Nicotinic acid Nisin Nitrogen Nitrogen oxides Nitrosyl chloride

    942

    Nitrous oxide

    411 946 423 311 182 231 387 1101(ii) 160c(ii) 160c(i) 905c(ii) 131

    Oat gum Octafluorcyclobutane Octenyl succinic acid (OSA) modified gum arabic Octyl gallate Orchil Ortho-phenylphenol Oxystearin Papain Paprika extract Paprika oleoresin Paraffin wax Patent blue V

    Antifoaming agent Emulsifier Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Preservative Sweetener Flavour enhancer Sweetener Colour retention agent Preservative Packaging gas Propellant Flour treatment agent Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Foaming agent Packaging gas Propellant Stabilizer Thickener Propellant Emulsifier Antioxidant Colour Preservative Antioxidant Sequestrant Flavour enhancer Colour Colour Glazing agent Colour Emulsifier Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener

    440

    Pectins

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Antifoaming agent Glazing agent Glazing agent Acidity regulator Antioxidant Sequestrant Preservative Bulking agent Glazing agent
    1200 Polydextroses

    45 technological purpose acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent stabilizer sequestrant texturizing agent emulsifier antifoaming agent glazing agent sealing agent glazing agent sealing agent acidity regulator antioxidant synergist sequestrant preservative bulking agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer texturizing agent thickener anticaking agent antifoaming agent emulsifier antifoaming agent carrier emulsifier plasticizer glazing agent binder emulsifier emulsifier sweetener dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer dispersing agent emulsifier emulsion stabilizer emulsifier

    451(ii)

    Pentapotassium triphosphate

    451(i)

    Pentasodium triphosphate

    429 905b

    Peptones Petroleum jelly (Petrolatum)

    905c

    Petroleum wax

    338 391

    Phosphoric acid Phytic acid

    Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Antifoaming agent Emulsifier Antifoaming agent Carrier Emulsifier Glazing agent Thickener Emulsifier Emulsifier Sweetener Emulsifier Stabilizer

    900a

    Polydimethylsiloxane

    1521

    Polyethylene glycol

    475 476 964 432

    Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid Polyglycitol syrup Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate

    433

    Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

    Emulsifier Stabilizer

    434

    Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer

    435

    436 431

    Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate

    Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    430 452

    46 Functional class Emulsifier technological purpose emulsifier coating agent sealing agent surface-finishing agent binder dispersing agent coating agent stabilizer bodying agent colour stabilizer colloidal stabilizer stabilizer colour colour acidity regulator flavour enhancer acidity regulator preservative acidity regulator bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener anticaking agent carrier antioxidant preservative antioxidant preservative acidity regulator stabilizer flavour enhancer stabilizer thickener acidity regulator preservative acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent

    Name of Food Additive


    Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate Polyphosphates

    1203

    Polyvinyl alcohol

    Glazing agent Thickener Emulsifier Glazing agent Stabilizer Thickener Colour retention agent Stabilizer Colour Colour Acidity regulator Flavour enhancer Acidity regulator Preservative Acidity regulator Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Carrier Antioxidant Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Acidity regulator Stabilizer Flavour enhancer Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Preservative Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    1201

    Polyvinylpyrrolidone

    1202 124 125 357 632 261(i) 261 357

    Polyvinylpyrrolidone, insoluble Ponceau 4R (Cochineal red A) Ponceau SX Potassium adipates Potassium 5-inosinate Potassium acetate Potassium acetates Potassium adipates

    402

    Potassium alginate

    555 303 212 228 501(i) 501 508 332 261(ii)

    Potassium aluminium silicate Potassium ascorbate Potassium benzoate Potassium bisulfite Potassium carbonate Potassium carbonates Potassium chloride Potassium citrates Potassium diacetate

    332(i)

    Potassium dihydrogen citrate

    340(i)

    Potassium dihydrogen phosphate

    Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    536 366 577

    47 Functional class Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Sequestrant Acidity regulator Raising agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Flour treatment agent Antioxidant Acidity regulator Antioxidant Emulsifier Humectant Acidity regulator Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Flour treatment agent Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Preservative Sweetener Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Preservative Acidity regulator Antioxidant Preservative Anticaking agent Bulking agent Glazing agent technological purpose anticaking agent acidity regulator acidity regulator sequestrant acidity regulator raising agent stabilizer acidity regulator acidity regulator acidity regulator flour treatment agent antioxidant acidity regulator antioxidant synergist emulsifier humectant acidity regulator antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative colour fixative preservative colour fixative preservative flour treatment agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent preservative sweetener anticaking agent acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer preservative acidity regulator antioxidant preservative anticaking agent bulking agent coating agent glazing agent dispersing agent emulsifier humectant stabilizer texturizing agent thickener

    Name of Food Additive


    Potassium ferrocyanide Potassium fumarates Potassium gluconate

    501(ii) 351(i) 515(ii) 525 917 317

    Potassium hydrogen carbonate Potassium hydrogen malate Potassium hydrogen sulfate Potassium hydroxide Potassium iodate Potassium isoascorbate

    326

    Potassium lactate

    351(ii) 351

    Potassium malate Potassium malates

    224

    Potassium metabisulfite

    252 249 922 340

    Potassium nitrate Potassium nitrite Potassium persulfate Potassium phosphates

    452(ii)

    Potassium polyphosphate

    283 954(iii) 560 337 202 515(i) 515 225 336

    Potassium propionate Potassium saccharin Potassium silicate Potassium sodium L(+)-tartrate Potassium sorbate Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfates Potassium sulfite Potassium tartrates

    460(ii)

    Powdered cellulose

    Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Thickener

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Propellant Preservative Antioxidant Preservative Emulsifier Glazing agent Humectant Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Flour treatment agent Flavour enhancer Stabilizer technological purpose bulking agent carrier emulsifier gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener propellant preservative antioxidant preservative dispersing agent glazing agent humectant wetting agent bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier flour treatment agent flavour enhancer stabilizer film-forming agent glazing agent thickener colour emulsifier foaming agent emulsifier foaming agent colour colour colour colour colour colour colour glazing agent antioxidant colour sweetener

    48

    407a

    Processed euchema seaweed (PES)

    944 280 310 216

    Propane Propionic acid Propyl gallate Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate

    1520

    Propylene glycol

    405

    Propylene glycol alginate

    477 1101(i) 1101 1204 163(iv) 999(i) 999(ii) 999 104 128 163(v) 161f 101(ii) 101(iii) 101(i) 101 908 392 161d 954(i) 954 470

    Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids Protease Proteases Pullulan Purple corn colour Quillaia extract type 1 Quillaia extract type 2 Quillaia extracts Quinoline yellow Red 2G Red cabbage colour Rhodoxanthin Riboflavin 5'-phosphate sodium Riboflavin from Bacillus subtilis Riboflavin, synthetic Riboflavins Rice bran wax Rosemary extract Rubixanthin Saccharin Saccharins Salts of fatty acids, with base aluminium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium Salts of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids with ammonia, calcium, potassium and sodium

    Glazing agent Thickener Colour Emulsifier Foaming agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Glazing agent Antioxidant Colour Sweetener

    470(i)

    Anticaking agent Emulsifier Stabilizer

    anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    470(ii) 166 904

    49 Functional class Anticaking agent Emulsifier Stabilizer Colour Glazing agent Anticaking agent Carrier Antifoaming agent Colour Acidity regulator Preservative Sequestrant Acidity regulator Bulking agent Carrier Emulsifier Foaming agent Gelling agent Glazing agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking agent Antioxidant Preservative Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Raising agent technological purpose anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer colour coating agent glazing agent surface-finishing agent anticaking agent carrier defoaming agent colour acidity regulator preservative sequestrant acidity regulator bulking agent carrier emulsifier foaming agent gelling agent glazing agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer thickener acidity regulator emulsifier raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier stabilizer texturizing agent anticaking agent antioxidant preservative acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent

    Name of Food Additive


    Salts of oleic acid with calcium, potassium and sodium Sandalwood Shellac, bleached

    551 174 262(i) 262 356

    Silicon dioxide, amorphous Silver Sodium acetate Sodium acetates Sodium adipates

    401

    Sodium alginate

    541(i)

    Sodium aluminium phosphate, acidic

    541(ii)

    Sodium aluminium phosphate, basic

    541 554 301 211

    Sodium aluminium phosphates Sodium aluminosilicate Sodium ascorbate Sodium benzoate

    452(iii)

    Sodium calcium polyphosphate

    500(i)

    Sodium carbonate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    500

    50 Functional class Bulking agent Emulsifier technological purpose bulking agent emulsifier suspension agent firming agent gelling agent coating agent glazing agent humectant stabilizer thickener stabilizer thickener sweetener preservative acidity regulator preservative sequestrant acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffer emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator humectant antioxidant preservative anticaking agent preservative acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer thickener acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent acidity regulator humectant acidity regulator antioxidant preservative acidity regulator acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer

    Name of Food Additive


    Sodium carbonates

    466

    Firming agent Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Cellulose Gelling agent


    gum)

    Glazing agent Humectant Stabilizer Thickener Stabilizer Thickener Sweetener Preservative Acidity regulator Preservative Sequestrant Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier

    469 331 952(iv) 266 262(ii)

    Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolysed (Cellulose gum, enzymatically hydrolyzed) Sodium citrates Sodium cyclamate Sodium dehydroacetate Sodium diacetate

    331(i)

    Sodium dihydrogen citrate

    339(i)

    Sodium dihydrogen phosphate

    Humectant

    350(ii) 316 215 535 237 365 576

    500(ii)

    350(i) 514(ii) 222 524 335(ii)

    Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Sodium DL-malate Humectant Sodium erythorbate (Sodium isoascorbate) Antioxidant Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate Preservative Sodium ferrocyanide Anticaking agent Sodium formate Preservative Sodium fumarates Acidity regulator Sequestrant Sodium gluconate Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Sodium hydrogen carbonate Anticaking agent Raising agent Acidity regulator Sodium hydrogen DL-malate Humectant Sodium hydrogen sulfate Acidity regulator Antioxidant Sodium hydrogen sulfite Preservative Sodium hydroxide Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Sodium L(+)-tartrate Sequestrant Stabilizer

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Antioxidant Bulking agent Emulsifier Humectant Thickener Flavour enhancer Emulsifier Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Anticaking agent Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Preservative Colour retention agent Preservative Emulsifier Stabilizer Preservative Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Preservative Preservative Sweetener Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Raising agent Anticaking agent Preservative Emulsifier technological purpose acidity regulator antioxidant synergist bulking agent emulsifier humectant bodying agent flavour enhancer emulsifier antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative anticaking agent preservative colour fixative preservative preservative colour fixative preservative emulsifier stabilizer preservative acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer preservative preservative sweetener acidity regulator anticaking agent raising agent anticaking agent preservative emulsifier

    51

    325

    Sodium lactate

    481 638 487 350

    Sodium lactylates Sodium L-aspartate Sodium laurylsulfate Sodium malates

    223

    Sodium metabisulfite

    550(ii) 219 251

    Sodium metasilicate Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium nitrate

    250 481(ii) 232 339

    Sodium nitrite Sodium oleyl lactylate Sodium ortho-phenylphenol Sodium phosphates

    452(i)

    Sodium polyphosphate

    452(vi)

    Sodium potassium hexametaphosphate

    451(iii)

    Sodium potassium trisphospate

    281 217 954(iv) 500(iii) 550(i) 550 201 485

    Sodium propionate Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate Sodium saccharin Sodium sesquicarbonate Sodium silicate Sodium silicates Sodium sorbate Sodium stearoyl fumarate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Flour treatment agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Acidity regulator Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative technological purpose dough conditioner emulsifier whipping agent stabilizer acidity regulator antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative antibrowning agent antioxidant sequestrant preservative emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier bulking agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent bulking agent humectant sequestrant stabilizer sweetener texturizing agent anticaking agent emulsifier stabilizer thickener glazing agent antioxidant colour retention agent antioxidant emulsifier sequestrant flour treatment agent sweetener acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer emulsifier sweetener emulsifier

    52

    481(i)

    Sodium stearoyl lactylate

    364 514(i) 514

    Sodium succinates Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfates

    221

    Sodium sulfite

    335 539 200 493 494 495 491 496 492

    Sodium tartrates Sodium thiosulfate Sorbic acid Sorbitan monolaurate Sorbitan monooleate Sorbitan monopalmitate Sorbitan monostearate Sorbitan trioleate Sorbitan tristearate

    Antioxidant Sequestrant Preservative Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Bulking agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Bulking agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener Anticaking agent Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Glazing agent Antioxidant Colour retention agent Antioxidant Emulsifier Sequestrant Flour treatment agent Sweetener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Emulsifier Sweetener Emulsifier

    420(i)

    Sorbitol

    420(ii)

    Sorbitol syrup

    420

    Sorbitols

    426

    Soybean hemicellulose

    909 512

    Spermaceti wax Stannous chloride

    484 483 960 363 472g 446 955 474

    Stearyl citrate Stearyl tartrate Steviol glycosides Succinic acid Succinylated monoglycerides Succistearin Sucralose (Trichlorogalactosucrose) Sucroglycerides

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    444 473 473a

    53 Functional class Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Antioxidant Bleaching agent Flour treatment agent Preservative Acidity regulator Colour Emulsifier Sweetener Colour Anticaking agent technological purpose emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer antioxidant bleaching agent flour treatment agent preservative acidity regulator colour emulsifier sweetener colour anticaking agent dusting agent coating agent surface-finishing agent texturizing agent colour emulsifier stabilizer thickener gelling agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator antioxidant synergist flavour synergist sequestrant colour antioxidant acidity regulator emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator buffering agent emulsifier moisture-retention agent raising agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent flavour enhancer sweetener emulsifier preservative

    Name of Food Additive


    Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Sucrose esters of fatty acids Sucrose oligoesters, type I and type II

    220

    Sulfur dioxide

    513 110 441 963 161b(ii)

    Sulfuric acid Sunset yellow FCF Superglycerinated hydrogenated rapeseed oil Tagatose, DTagetes extract

    553(iii)

    Talc

    Glazing agent Thickener Colour Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Gelling agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Antioxidant Flavour enhancer Sequestrant Colour Antioxidant Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant

    181

    Tannic acid (Tannins)

    417

    Tara gum

    472d

    Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

    334

    Tartaric acid, L(+)-

    102 319

    Tartarzine Tertiary butylhydroquinone

    450(v)

    Tetrapotassium diphosphate

    450(iii)

    Tetrasodium diphosphate

    Raising agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Flavour enhancer Sweetener

    957 479 233

    Thaumatin

    Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted Emulsifier with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Thiabendazole Preservative

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    388 171 307b 307a 309 307c 308 307 413

    54 Functional class Antioxidant Colour Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Antioxidant Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Humectant Acidity regulator Acidity regulator Firming agent Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Emulsifier Firming agent Flour treatment agent Humectant Raising agent Stabilizer Thickener Carrier technological purpose antioxidant colour antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant antioxidant emulsifier stabilizer thickener carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer humectant acidity regulator acidity regulator firming agent sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator buffer anticaking agent clouding agent firming agent flour treatment agent humectant moisture-retention agent raising agent stabilizer texturizing agent carrier solvent emulsifier plasticizer foam stabilizer sequestrant acidity regulator anticaking agent acidity regulator sequestrant stabilizer acidity regulator emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier sequestrant stabilizer

    Name of Food Additive


    Thiodipropionic acid Titanium dioxide Tocopherol concentrate, mixed Tocopherol, d-alphaTocopherol, delta-, synthetic Tocopherol, dl-alphaTocopherol, gamma-, synthetic Tocopherols Tragacanth gum

    1518

    Triacetin

    380

    Triammonium citrate

    333(iii)

    Tricalcium citrate

    341(iii)

    Tricalcium phosphate

    1505

    Triethyl citrate

    Emulsifier Stabilizer Sequestrant Acidity regulator Anticaking agent Acidity regulator Sequestrant Stabilizer Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Sequestrant Stabilizer

    343(iii) 451 332(ii)

    Trimagnesium phosphate Triphosphates Tripotassium citrate

    340(iii)

    Tripotassium phosphate

    331(iii)

    Trisodium citrate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional class Acidity regulator Emulsifier Raising agent Humectant Sequestrant Stabilizer Thickener Acidity regulator Emulsifier Humectant
    339(iii) Trisodium phosphate

    55 technological purpose acidity regulator emulsifier raising agent moisture-retention agent sequestrant stabilizer texturizing agent acidity regulator emulsifier humectant moisture-retention agent antimicrobial synergist stabilizer sequestrant texturizing agent colour flour treatment agent colour colour glazing agent emulsifier foaming agent stabilizer thickener emulsifier humectant stabilizer sweetener bodying agent thickener stabilizer colour colour colour flavour enhancer anticaking agent

    450(ii)

    Trisodium diphosphate

    100(ii) 927b 153 161e 910

    Turmeric Urea (Carbamide) Vegetable carbon Violoxanthin Wax esters

    415

    Xanthan gum

    967

    Xylitol

    Preservative Stabilizer Sequestrant Thickener Colour Flour treatment agent Colour Colour Glazing agent Emulsifier Foaming agent Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Humectant Stabilizer Sweetener Thickener

    455 107 161h(i) 161h(ii) 161h 650 557

    Yeast mannoproteins Yellow 2G Zeaxanthin, synthetic Zeaxanthin-rich extract from Tagetes erecta Zeaxanthins Zinc acetate Zinc silicate

    Stabilizer Colour Colour Colour Flavour enhancer Anticaking agent

    CAC/GL 36-1989

    56

    SUPPLEMENTARY LIST - MODIFIED STARCHES

    List in alphabetical order INS No. Name of Food Additive Functional Class
    Emulsifier 1422 Acetylated distarch adipate Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Carrier Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener carrier emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener

    Technological purpose
    emulsifier

    1414

    Acetylated distarch phosphate

    1451

    Acetylated oxidized starch

    1401

    Acid-treated starch

    1402

    Alkaline treated starch

    1403

    Bleached starch

    1400

    Dextrins, roasted starch

    1411

    Distarch glycerol

    1412

    Distarch phosphate

    1442

    Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate

    1440

    Hydroxypropyl starch

    1410

    Monostarch phosphate

    CAC/GL 36-1989 INS No.


    1404

    57 Functional Class
    Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Anticaking Agent Carrier Stabilizer Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener Emulsifier Stabilizer Thickener

    Name of Food Additive


    Oxidized starch

    Technological purpose
    emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener anticaking agent carrier stabilizer emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener emulsifier stabilizer binder thickener

    1413

    Phosphated distarch phosphate

    1420

    Starch acetate

    1452

    Starch aluminium octenyl succinate

    1450

    Starch sodium octenyl succinate

    1405

    Starches, enzyme treated

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