Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
So can do this..
Appendix to Ch.1
GRAPHS IN ECONOMICS
Graphing Data
A graph reveals a relationship.
Graphing Data
To plot a point 6,194 m above sea level at 10 degrees, we need the x-value and the yvalue of the point. Point A shows an x-value of 10 degrees C. Point B shows a y-value of 6,194 m above sea level. Point C plot a point 6,194 m above sea level when the temperature is 10 degrees C.
Copyright 2013 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario
Graphing Data
Economists measure variables that describe what, how, and for whom goods and services are produced. These variables are quantities produced and prices. Figure A1.2 shows two examples of economic graphs.
Graphing Data
Figure A1.2(a) is a graph about iTunes song downloads in January 2010. Point A tells us what the quantity and price were.
You can read this graph as telling you that in January 2010: 8.3 million songs a day were downloaded at a price of 99 per song.
Copyright 2013 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario
Graphing Data
Figure A1.2(b) is a graph about iTunes song and album downloads in January 2010. Point A tells us what these quantities were. You can read this graph as telling you that in January 2010, 8.3 million songs a day and 0.4 million albums were downloaded.
Copyright 2013 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario
Graphing Data
Scatter Diagrams
A scatter diagram plots the value of one variable against the value of another variable for a number of different values of each variable.
A scatter diagram reveals whether a relationship exists between the two variables. Figure A1.3 (on the next slide) shows some data on box office tickets sold and the number of DVDs sold for nine of the most popular movies in 2009. The table gives the data and the graph describes the relationship between box office tickets sold and DVD sales.
Copyright 2013 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario
Graphing Data
Point A tells us that Star Trek sold 34 million tickets at the box office and 6 million DVDs. The points reveals that larger box office sales are associated with larger DVD sales.
Graphing Data
Figure A1.4(a) is a scatter diagram of income and expenditure, on average, during a 10-year period. Point A shows that in 2006, income was $26,000 and expenditure was $24,000. The graph shows that as income increases, so does expenditure, and the relationship is a close one.
Copyright 2013 Pearson Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario
Graphing Data
Figure A1.4(b) is a scatter diagram of inflation and unemployment in Canada during the 2000s. The points for 2000 to 2009 show no relationship between the two variables. But the high unemployment rate of 2009 brought a low inflation rate that year.
Variables move in the same direction. Variables move in opposite directions. Variables have a maximum or a minimum.
The temperature is held constant along each curve, but in reality the temperature can change.