.

.1

SPE
- SPE 22831 Renovate Produced-Water-Treating Facilities To Handle Increased Water Cuts
D.G.K. Murti* and H.R. A1-Nuaimi, Qatar General Petroleum Corp.
rI

G SPE Member

CoPYWIt1sS1,Society of petroleum Ensmaafs Inc.

wss rhb PSPOI WCPSWJ

fortwo-tatbn d theS6fhMwd T*hnj~l CMfWMCS@ E~h~t~ oftm *MY

ofpmf*~

EIWIWS ~d in Dallas,TX, ~t~r

69, 1~1.

rhispaperwasadactadforprasantatbn byan SPEProgram Comrnittaa Mowhs rewewofhformatkm wntainadInan abstrsasubrnmed bytheaumor(s). Contents ofthepaper, aspasintad, haVS notban reviewad byma SOCiatY o! PetmkwmEIVMSIWS m SMs@I@ 10-tire by theauthor(a). ThernalHW = Pfmntti, *S II@n=eriW remr t SPEmasfmss we suWed10WMcstm 10vWW FJY EdrofhlCommmOOS of~ M lny @itIon ofthe&oiatYofParfoiaurrr EnWmem.IMoffii. ormembers. paws waled G
tipw*~. 01 whew SM P~w*h*dwm~d by whom the PWH IS Ixawttad. Writs

PIAMkaWnS MaMw, SPE,P.O.SoxS3SS3S, Flich#daorr, TX 7S4SS.SSSS U.S.A.Tabx, 730SS9 SPEOAL.

M-*mti.

Mr-my

MM*.

--d~w~w~

k Tha modlf led skirmner tanks have consistent IY demonstrated superior oi 1 recovery character st lcs canwared to convent tons I desl gn ~n an 011 fi e Id tdnk battery system. The madltled tanks have baen in cent inuous service for mare than a years in one of ths oldest oil fields in the Arabian Gulf. The new dealgn has helped recover sklfrwsd 011 fran a mere 6 m3) from bpd (1.0 m3) to more than 65 bDd (8.7S Draducad water In a tank battery system alOne. Tha recovery is exoected to unorove by uoto 200 bfId (31.6 m3,) unce skirmner tanks in all tha tank batteries are upgraded to tha new deslqn.

WIEF

WSORIP11ON W WERATION

Flq. 1 shows a typical process t low diaaram ot a tank battery systam. [he tank DatterY cons 1st.s Ot gas-oil separators, t ree-water-knocK-out vesse Is, heaters, wash tanks, surge tanks and sKumner tankS. sucn It may a I so have enhanced water t rest Ifw units as tlotatlon units or coalesces, dawnst ream of A tsrlet aescrlotlott ot various eaul sklsmtrer tanks. Dmant 1s sufrmIar?zed below to have a better understanding of assomated Problems+ tha tlrst Ues-oil separator : rhis 1s normally ma.lor processing eaulpment WhlCh a wall straarft Swrcounters after COsIin9 out ot the sub-surtace. Separators may he aesl!lned as tWO-DnaSe or trtree -phase and may b9 either horizontal. VertlCal or SPherlCal in COnf!gUratl@n. Free-water-knook-out (l_WKU) VeSSel : Ine 011water mixture after removal ot associated ~as In a separator anters the FWKU vessel. Ihe Ewtii3may be a vessel. Ins FWKLI mav bs harizontal or a vartlcal tlttea with coalescer Packs to lmProve 011-Water separation. 011, WhlCh Is removed trom tiie too Ot the vessel, was to wash tank: and tne water 1S airected to a nearby SkWtffW3r tank. lvplcal all carrvov9r in water varies trun IWO to NW mm to 3000 cm3/m3), oepsnain~ on manv factors, tlooo including whather the vessels ara tltted with coale., seer Packs or nOt. wash rahk : The wash tank, as the nema lmPlles. washes CrUd9 oil to rsmave suspended water Particles frun oil. Crude oil enters the tank through a degasser boot. The degasser Oaat removes excess gas from the crudst 011. The oil then enters tha tanK tffrough a scrreader ring lnstelled at an elevatlan O* nsrd from tank bottom. Iha spreader ring 18 (450 allows crude 011 to oarcolate SIOWIY tnrawn a Kd Oil is taken out tram tha top ot the of water. rhs tree water wash tarw to ed.latent surge tanks. . --

wmoummru
The maser 011 fields throughout the world ara typically 40 to 50 years old. These fleids have a ifWIUdlttq vast ,varlatv of oil, processing eciuifxttant tanks. The tanks ttave many fuilctlons llke washing of crude oil, sklnsmnq of 011 tram csraduced water and providing sufficient storage capacity for salablSi oil. hOVe Over tha years, praductlon Patterns changed considerably for many oil fields. This situation has, ift turn, resulted in drastic chan!?as in gas/oil ratios and hjgherl.water cuts. The side effect is a gradual detefiorationln ths efficiency of field tanks, making tank internal deS19n obsolete in many cases. This paper descrlbas various precautions to ba taken while uograding the Produced water handl~nr4 tank skimmar facilities and modifications to internal design to improve Quality and yield of paper recovered oil. Tns approach autlliwsd In this would be particularly useful for oil fields handling large Quantities of producad water. References . .. .. and illustrations at end Ot DaPer.

..

,.

2.

-ATE

FROOUCED

MATER TREATIMQ FACILITIES TO WANGLE IMCREASEO WATERCUW

SPE 22831

recovwed in the tank is drained out constantly G nd routed to the through a W-l control valve G sklsuner tank. The lovol control valvo allws fixed 10VC1 ofatit 5-0 (1624 ssn) ofwatcr In the wash tahk. Surfp Tank : These aro final product tanks frcm uhero crude oil Is pmped to the roffnery/shiwlng taminal. Indlcatlve uf their names, surge tanks provide sufflciant surge capacity to ensure adequate hesd and trouble free wmplngof crude oil. A small amount of water settled In the tanks is periodically removed through semi-autuaetic decanting valves and routed to sklnmw tanks. Sklmer Tank: This tank receives produced water from FWKGS and little iauantlties from wash and surge Water, after retsntlon In skltmner tanks, la tanks. generally disposed off in a suttable manner. Crude 011 recovered In skinmmr tank msy be either routed back to wash tank, If SS6W level Is high, or may be piped to surge tanks, If of salable quality. Thts oaper describes extensive modifications done to skfnmsr tanks to fmprove their efficiency. lso been The wash and surge tank Internals have G modified, as s part of a tank replacement program. The. paper does not cover these details. CIL-WATER SEPARATI~THEORY

Therefore, required, (b)

al l!%ting mors rstontion ts not a good solutlon.

t$me

than

The mre concentrated the dlsperaed phase (larger value of 0), the lesser the rosidenca time needed to grow a given partlclo 812.. That coalasconco occurs mm rapidly In a con1s, contrated dispersion.

These are very important conclus~ons and highllght the need to study the entire process train and ,. theequlpment very carefully. SKIMlERTANKOESIi3N ,1-

A sklmer tank Is one of the simplest forms of water treating equipment. It Is nonnallydeslgned to provide a long retention time, to ailow coalesconce and gravity separation to occur. Sklnmr can be designed either as a pressure vessel, or Gs ,an atmtwherlc tank: the latter destgn Is recommended. Atmospheric tanks offer large capacltles at lower costs, and are particularly suited for oil fields having htgh water production rates. An atmospheric tank Is oft~n the final stage ofwat.r treatment. The final treatment of Produced water at atmospheric pressure is reccmended to Gnsure lower quantity of dissolved 011. Hlghsr the treating pressure, higher would be the mount of dissolved hydrocarbons. Note that dlasolved hydrocarbons cannot be rmoved by gravity eepsratlon alone. Env$ronment Protection Agency (EPA) regulations do not account separately for the dissolved 011. An atmospheric sklmer tank Is generally designed to give a retenthn time of up to 30 Kinutes. It may have coeleecer pecks, or serpentine path pecks inside the tank or upstrernto Iwrove Its perfonnsnce, Fig. 2 (right side) shows a conventional design of a typical skimw tank. PrCdUCSd water from FWKO vessel enters the tank central pen tangentially. Water Is distributed radially and moves towards r~ser PIPSS locatsd near the ,tank periphery. Ths central pan gives a vortex motion to water and helps in ralaasing any excess gas. The oil droplets rise upwards counter current to the downward flow of water. The small amount pf flash gas breaks out of the solution and rises quickly. The gas bubbles act simllar to dissolved gas In a flotation unit and helpoll droplets float to the surface. Water moves downward towards riser pipes. Riser Pipes are 10 each, 6 (150mn) diemter located avenly at the Water so collected at annular tank periphery. chamber is taken out through a trunk located at the This water Is directed outer periphery of the tank. towards a disposal well. Tta central pan has a 4 (100 M) sludge drain connection. It is used for Periodic flushlngof solids buildup In the pen. Ofl collected at top falls beck to 011 collectlon ctwunber through 3 each rectangular slots cut In the.oil weir. 011 was taken. out through a 4 (100 SUS) oil outlet plpetoadjacent wash tenk for due to This operation was periodic reprocessing. 9ss was vented Any Gxcess opsrating problems. through the breather valve located central.lyon the roof of the tank. ,. .. ,i

The seoeration of 011 and water ahaaes Is one of the most consnon but least understood processes In a production faclllty. l)~sperslon and Coalescence are frequently used in describing the separation process. Olsperphase; s~on refers to the process of G discontinuous e.g., 011 befng sollt Into small droplets and distributed throughout the continuous phase, such as water *n present case. O+spersion occurs, when a large amount of energy is put Into the system In a short period of time. Coalescence, the opposite of dlsperslon, is the process of small droplets collld~ng and ccmbin~ng Ihto larger droplets. Coalescence In water treating system is more time dependent than dispersion. The euuations below help understand the separation theory analytically. The timfto grow a droplet size through coalescsncs can be estimated by the followlng simplified and approximate squation: d4 t = (2*@l*K~) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Unfortunately, the equation cannot be solved directly, since nefther KS nor s Is known for any particular treating system. However, it Is possible Gs follows: to draw certain important conclusions (a) After an tnitlal Period ofcoelescence In_ a treatlng device such as a ski-r tank, the ebllity of addit.tonal retent@n time to cause additional coalescence and captureof smell 011 For ex~le, diminishes rapidly. droplets doubling the slzeof a sklrnr tank! (i.e., doubltng the retention titi) wI1l cause onlY 18.9s fncrease In themeximm size droplet. .. .

.
WE 22831 & OPERATIMQ PIWB@fS D.&K. MU?TI s HMAO R. AL-UUAMI

TAMK ~

The convontlonal skimsar tank design though vary stmpl~, gavo many operating problasa for past 1S-20 years. Thaproblams rolato to surge In flow upsets upstream of the tank. caused by operational Additionally, the tank was deaigned for automatic spill over of sklsssad 011 through the weirs, It performance due to faulty never gave the Intended design ofoll weir andwator rlaar P$pas. A low 2 (60nws) oil Pad thickness allcwad Intha original design was the culprtt. Note that aucha low 011 ftlmthlckness nevorstabillzes in any water treating equipment duetoaurga flow. Only oil/water emulslon can be expected to float at the top surface. With a low oil pad thickness, recovered the oil cannot be successfully ski@nsd without danger of water ccmingwlth it, As a makeshift arran9&ant, the akinwned oil was manually. The practice was to keep the oil outlet valve closed all the time. This valve was &UffiCient oil film Dad, as OPSnSd periodically WhSII seen from gauge glass, had davelopad. The practice was time consuming, tedious and required constant operator attention. Sasidas, the oil recovered could not be directed to final product tanks (aurga tanks) as sarm amount of water would always escape with oil.
removed ~IFIEDDESIGN

adjusted to havo a desired oil pad thicknass. It Is nonsally t 1/2 (401MI) higher than the watm walr. A rectangular manway is provldad at the tank roof too for ease of weir adjustmant. (s) A 6 (150 IIM) WldS SUPPl~ntarY 011 W@lr installed behind the sheen baffle. This weir directs the 011 collocted behind the sheen baffle to the 011 collection chamber. To slmpllfy the construction, the supplementary oll walr maY be substituted by nipples. Install nipples at different 3 nos. 3/4 (20 nss) Aftarestablishfng tha height of elevations. oil pad, the required nipple maY be kept open to drain off tha oil to the oil collection chamber. The other two nipples may be plugg8d for future use. The water inlet Pan has hen provided with 16 These bafflas help equal distrinos. baffles. bution of water and reduce short circuiting. The inlet water cons hasbaen loweredto allow an undlsturbad oil pad thicknessof i2. (305 The top elevation of M) to is (460 mm). cone is about t2 (30S mm) lower than the oll/watar interface as shown in the. fig. 2 (left aide). This ensures that the oil/water interface is not disturbed by the inccsning influant. Gas each and the equallzer holes 3/4 (20mn) diameter 24 drilled throughout the wall aiwwating 011 clean water chambers. Thts is to release gas liberated in ttwclean water chamber.

(h)

(i)

Fig. tank. which (a)

2 (left side) shows thamodifted fiote the following major changes are detafled In the fig. 3:

in

sklnmw design used have

(j]

The existing clean water riser to provlda unstable fountain been cut flush with the bottom

pipes that type head, plate.

(k)

(b)

Inlet of clean water riser Pipes that waa axtending almost up to tank center ?ine has been cut near the tank periphery to reduce short circuiting and provide longer path.

(c) -Number of riser Pipes increased from 10 nos. to 20 nos. In practice, as large a number of riser PIPSS as practical should be provided to reduce stagnant areas. turbulence and to avoid Theoretically, a doubla walled tank allowing a continuous peripheral outlet would @ th Ideal choice, though considered impractical. (d) :Ut;gt (305 rmn) high weir installed at water This wair extands throughout the tank circum;erance. This weir establishes oil/water used to interface in the tank. It is also measure tha approximate produced water flow rate in the tank battery system.
A

GacaW Few small oil dfoPlets msY finallY through the clean water riser Pipaa. These oil particles can still be captured by Installing baffles In the clean water annular cross would allow water The cross baffles chanhr. to pass below and capture floating otl droplets on surface. However, note that there is no practical way to recover the oil collected at be removed cross bhfflas. The oil maY only during tank shutdowns.

(1)

Ths open type water outlet trunk has ~n cloaed witha bolted cover. This ensures less amount of dissolved alr in the disposal water. PrOPSr lavel gauge glasses have baen installed to monitor thaoil/watew interface, both in the main tank and behind the sheen baffle. Silicon coated non-stickin9 We %auiw 91ass tu~s have been used.
1

(m)

OESIGM.CALUJLATIONS

(e)

Witi sheen baffle 6* (f50m) This baffle the water outlat. SSS11 oil droplets that misht the clean watar riser pipes.

installed at captures the escape thrw9h

(f)

Threa each fixed height slots found intha oil weir have been replaced with a single 12 (305 mm) long oil weir, This weir is of bolted gasket and seal ing ccnstructia with a installedin a 18- (460smd WidSOil collecti~ respect to box . The haightof this weir with weir can be fixed circumferential water

Tha oil and water weirs installed in the skinmasr tenk Uae thS dOSi9n concOPts of tYPical 3-phase separator. Thaheight of oil Weir frcm the tank twttcmcontrols theworklng level of fluids in The net elevation difference between the the tank. oil and water weirs and the specific gravity differonce controls the thickness of oil ~d. and
The

The required elevation water weirs is calculati equation isdavelcped

bottm

heeds at tank

difference between oil by thaewation (2). by Wuatin9 t~ static as ahcwn in fig. 4.

4.

REMOVATE ~ED u~

WATER TREATIHQ

FACILITIES

TO HANOLE

INCREASEDWATER CUTS

SPE 22831 to

W:

HO,*

l- h

+ %2

-Ho2# b

. ..(2)

the the

Influent Increases, This Interpretation of equation

phancmenon conforms no. 1.

-LUBI~

This equation la flow aansltlva, It requires prior knowledge of producod water and expected oil recovory rates. However, by chooslngoll walr width so that the head over oil Gnd water weirs is seam, the factor : si@ified~~~~~&8can M ne910Cted, T~ 6H=HoiS The calculated formula. Q= 3 Simple ccmputer programs in Bsslc language have been developed to establish the height of adjustable oil weir with respect to water weir and to calculate approximate water and oil flow rates. The Programs are listed In the appendix A and B.
OPERATIW RESULTS

i-

b b

At tima, on flndlng sklmar tanks, recmnendations additional skiawdng capacity. coalescence in a water troatlng dependent than the dispersion, that the larger the capacity of bstter would be its separation

poor perfonaance of are made to install The fact that the systm is more time leads one to believe a skimaar tank, the efficiency. ..

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...(3) can be Bazins Here sophisticated suggestions are to upgrade upstream facilities such as retrofitting coalescer DaCkS in FUKO VOSS61S or installation of SP packs downstream of FWKO vessels. retrofits or Note that neither of these additional skiming capacity may do any good to the system. The problem should be studied in more detai 1. Study should include the piw sizing and configurations, all major processing equipment and the skimmer tank internal design itself. ktany manufacturers of water treating equ~piwmt recmmnand an oil Dad thicknass ranging from i/4 (6 m) to 6(i50 ass). The reason for this criterion is that the primary purpose of a water treating equiPmant is to remove 011 frcm water and produce water as clean as possible. the quality and quantity of skisawid oil is considered of secondary importance. Note that a thin oil pad is not racosmanded due explained under operating problems. Use Tha a minimum i2 (30S m) to i8 (460 m) oil pad. design ia slightly comprcsaising on water side. But, tha nat gain isontheoll side. The oil would be practically free fran B.S.&W. and maybe shipped to directly the customer without any further processing.
to reasons In case of,major breakdmms in a water treating train, pay more attention to the downstream equipment first. If any particular equipatant is out of service, it would only increase the concentration phase downstream. As a result, the of oil dispersed performance of downstream equiptsent will improve unexpectedly. Experiment by taking out of stree% various water treating equipment individually and in various combinations. Naasure the oil concentration in the influent and the effluent. Results meY be surprising. The study may Prove some Water traatin9 equigmant redundant. Such equipment may be relcatad elsewhere without any appreciable deterioration in the quality of the effluent in the plant undgr .
study

head over oil and water weir using any weir formula such as Velocltyof approach is neglected. 2 gcx Bz42gx H3/2

. . . . . . . . . . . . ...(4)

Refer to tablo no. 1 which summarizes equipment online status and table nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5, which show performance of, equipment in various combinations, AS tb SP pack was received at SitO WhOfI the modifications to skimer tank were already in old progress, no tests could be conducted with the skimnar tank and SP pack in circuit. It is observed thattha modified skismar has shown an oil removal efficiency of upto 91% without the assistance of any enhanced water treating o@Jib The higher the oil concentration, mant upstream. the batter the Parfonsence. A comparison of table 4 and S shows that t pack has added a marginal 134 Pm (134 cmP/m !lP ) improvement in the final effluent quali $.y In terms of net recovery, about 6 barrels (1.0 m ) of oil is added par day by SP pack, Tha payback pOriOd at $26 /barrel ($150/m3) crude oil Price, is about 240 days. An Important observation is the deterioration in quality of water aftar cofmnisaioning of new gas-oll aaparators. h il carryover as inc!ieasd from an average of 2000 P* (2jO0 ~ /m ) to 4500-6500 Ppm (4500-5500 cm3/m ). The reason attributed to this phenomenon is that the new GOSP is oversized to take care of future requiraaIants. valve tinatrof ~p AS a result, -~tha control fl~ ramalns only 15 to 20S open under cur~nt drew in Thie results in large Pressure Condltims. a relatively small distance and formation of smaller di~ter oil droplets. This situation should be avoided hs amallor dropl~ts result in Poor coalsconce in downstream equirsaant. in The data in Gach table has bean arranged rising order of oil concentration in the influant. From all the tables, itisob-rved t~t th r~val G fficiency improves as the oil dispersed phase In --..

and control valves in the Check all chokes circuit. Avoid low openings of ~alves and c@kes. If the iines are oversized resulting in low valve openings, raducetha line size gradually and install valves which shall r-in open to the maxiu Gxtent Bee fig. 5 for under normal operating conditions. an explanation. Nota that partially 0P9n ValVaS/ chkes result in unfavorable oil particle size and distribution as well, for the downstremmuimnt.

The field experience has shcm that a proPerlY dasignsd skiur tank is capableof handling larea A skimr tank can offer mount o+ dispersed oil. removal G fficiency upto 90%, which cmres WS1l

SPE 22831
J

D.G.K.

WRTI

& NANAD R. AL-NUAIHI from Produced 8ookware Soriea, (3) Water,; ItiRDO, Production Faciltty Bcston, HA 02116, USA.

with &y comercfally avaflable, but exrwsive water treating eauitxasnt. The required conditions to achieve good performance f:the skinner tanks are, G nd other optimum daslgn of the upstream piping G ssociated equl~nt and the skimsar tank internals. aystam by Itself, helPs .Note that an oversized the separation of 011 Gnd water prior to reaching intended equipment, But, a flow reatrlctlon or a level contro? device, such as a control valve in the circuit, may neutralize the potential banef~ts. ~ENCLATLRE TMIS taken to grow a droplet - sacond t: d : Oil particle sizemicron continuous of 011 in water 0: Volume fraction phase parameter for a Particular water % : Empirical system MO : Oensity of oil - gn/cm3 : Oanslty ofbfaer % : Flow rate .8 m /se~o%a3 c: Weir constant B : Width of weirmater : Ciravitationa! constant - 9.81 m/see-see ~ : Haad over the weir - meter for LiH, HOI, H02, \.l and %2, ri!Jfer fi9. 4.

Arnold Ken. and Haurlce StOUa!t. Jr.: Oesignlng Oil and Gas Production Systems,: World Oil (May 1985) P91-98. (March 1985) P69-78, Correspondence betweanlturtl D.G.K. and Arnold Ken.: Paragon Enginaar*ng services Inc; Houston Texas 77040, USA regarding design of 3-DhiIS9 Separators, (March 1987). : Program listing Water bfelr for adjusting Oil Vs

(4)

APPENDIX-A

10 INPUT Water Flow Rate (bpd):;Sl 20 INPUT 0~1 Flow Rate (bpd):-;B2 30 INPUT Water Weir Length (feet)::B3 40 INPUT Oil Weir Length (feat):;B4 50 INPUT OasiredOll Pad Thickness (inch)::B5 Gravity:;B6 60 INPUT Water Swclfic 70 INPUT Oil Specific Gravity::B7 80 B9=0.008887*(Bl/(B3-O.005)).867-O.036 90 BIO=0.009*(B2/(B4+0.007))-.667-0.036 100 Bll=B5*(l-(B7/B6))+B?:BiO*(B7/B6) 110 PRINT Results: 120 PRINT Head Over Water Weir (inch)::B9 Weir (inch)::BlO 130 PRINT HeadOverOil Weir Differential (inch)::Bil 140 PRINT Oil/Water 160 STOP
APPENOIX-B : Program

ACKJWLELWNENT

Patroleum The authors thank (jatar. General Corporation (Onshore Operations) for permission to publish this paper. REFERENCES (1) Nurti D,G.K., A1-#iaskati A.H., Sood L.K.: ImDroved Diswsal Water Treatment at Bahrain SPE ProductIon Engineering (Nov. Oil Fields,: 1988) P677-682. Arnold Kenneth E. and Lew Skaug: Treating Oil

and Oil

listin9 for Flow Rates:

calculating

Water

(2)

to INPUT water Weir Len9th (feet)::Bl 20 INPUT Head Over Water Weir (inch)::B2 30 INPUT Oil weir Length (fact)::B3 40 INWT Head Over Oil Weir (inch)::B4 50 B6=(112.524*B2+4.05)1.5*(BI-O.005) 60 B7=(I12.524*B4+4.05)1.5*(B3-O.006 ) 70 PRINT Results: 80 PRINT AUProx. Water Flow Rate (bpd)::B6 90 PRINT APProx. Oil Flow Rate (b@)::B7 iOO STOP

TABLE-l
mails

: Equipment Online Status old

SWIM TSnk Modiliad NW GOSP S.P.

EQulpmalt Tsbla Table Tti T@a 2 3 4 5

vNo NC No

BklmmefTank No Y* Yas Yes

No No Ye Yw

PXk No No No Y*

.la7

SPE 22831
TABLE-2: OtdSkimmerTank in Senfice
Sarnpfafua Sall@ing Upafraam Dataa of Skfmmar of Tank No. 1 ?2-1-33 2207 No. 2 le-1-m 234a No. 3 5-2-S9 2410 No. 4 1-2-33 2439 Avaraga Fwdin@B 2334

Downatraam

Skimmar Tank

Parcantage

Ranlwai

1932 12.5%

2033 l&296

2031 la79b

2143 13.9%

2064 13.1%

TABLE-3: ModifiedSkimmerTank in Service

No. Sampfhlg C)@aa Upatraam of 3kimmar of 3kimmar Tank Tank

No. 1 13-3-33 1773 4eo

No. 2 23-3-33 1395 494

No. 3 2-7-39 2013 433

No. 4 25-e-e9 m 450

Avaraga Ftaadinga 1933 431

Downsfraarn

TABLE4: ModifiedSkimmerTank&New GOSP in Service

lBarnola

No-of Skimmar of Skimmar Tank Tank

*I 5-11-39 3929 543

No.2 11-11-53 4437 419

No.3 13-11-39 4343 435

No.4 13-11-33 %70 e35

lAvaraoa Raadinga 5357 533

3ampfingDafe
UpaWam DowmWaam

TABLE-5: ModifiedSkimmerTank, New GOSP & SP Pack in Service

Sampi@ No.
Sampiing Upatraam Dama of Skimmar Tank Tank No. 1 17-12-39 4143 433 No. 2 7-1-30 4230 405 No. $ 25-11-39 45W 335 No. 4 3-12-33 4923 337 Avaraga Raatfinga 4473 393

flownatraam

of 3kimmar

Parcanfaaa

Ramaual

83.4%

33.4%

91A%

923%

91.1%

 :.. ? JiTFl m ,.; :, a

x :,:.: , * j.:: * .,. . .. :,. ...

. . a
9. .= 1g~ ,.,., .. . .. : ,.>. .Kx , ~g ,.,
. ... .

110(J3U Y9)3U

~
&

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. . .;. ... . ... ....

=!~

z<

fi 110 --~ t , ... M3LVM

I/i

: ., ..... -

$!

,~..

:!,

..

x
~

. .

,., ,

,:.+ ,. ,,

5 t.; $

OIL COLIECllON
GAS EQUAL!ZER

BOX HOLES

*N

ER\.

&

42/
/-SHEEN

~uPP. OIL WEIR BAFFLE

Ni w
D+

BAFFLE OVER

,,

Existing

Details

, Modified Details

Fig. 3- Modification

Details

-4

6H
011 WEIR H02,.. wATER wEIR

Hoi Q

TANK OTTO-

\,,.., +;f.,-Hw2 ....,:.:.: +:.:.:::: .......... ,., ......... ........................................ .......................... ,~-::,::..: ::::::~.::::, :.:.:.:.: ................... .+>:.:.: ......-.:.:.:.x.:.>. ........ :::::.. .............. :.:.:.:.;, :.::::?:::::;.: ::.::::::: >.::::::.:,:: y.: ::::::::::::::::.:.:.:.:, ::<.:::::::,:...:.:.:.:. :.:.>..:.::::::: HWI ............... ......................................... :.:.:.:.::.: ;::::::::::::: ;:::: ::::.:,:.
T

NOT RECOMMENDED

Fig. ~- Weir Calculations

RECOMMENDED

Fig.51 Piping Arrangement

.. .,