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Erin Dietel-McLaughlin WR13300 Section 09 08 November 2013 Media & Terrorism Annotated Bibliography Terrorism is an interesting topic that affects all of our lives in some way. The way we learn about terrorist attacks through media such as television, radio, and the Internet often holds a great power, invoking feelings of chaos, panic, and anxiety. The question I will look to examine is how the media has influenced the impact of terrorism in our new age of media today, as well as the future of their relationship. With the use of terrorism as a source for pressing news as well as terrorism achieving its goals through this media, I hope to argue how this symbiotic relationship has amplified both of their influences in the world and what kind of future might be in store for new media if this dependency continues. Argue that the development of media in the past decade could increase the potential influence of terrorism. Lewis, Justin. "Terrorism and News Narratives." Media and Terrorism: Global Perspectives. Ed. Des Freedman and Daya Kishan. Thussu. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2012. 257-70. Print.

This author is focused on the aspects of terrorism that make it the perfect source for media, providing stories that are violent, tension-rich, and full of fear. Lewis beings by explaining the significance of events like September 11th and how the media ran off with the story, over representing the role of terrorism as an actual threat. The audience for his work would be students interested in communications, especially during times of increased viewer ratings such as terrorist attacks. This piece will be helpful in my paper

!"#$%&' )' ' to help develop the point that the media needs terrorism to increase its publicity and potency. I believe that this section, in comparison to others found in this collection, is very powerful, and contains extremely useful information that I will be able to incorporate into my research. While Lewis might be making an argument that the media over portrays the threat of terrorism, his work will still be vital to some of the key points I want to make in my own argument.

Nacos, Brigitte L. 2006. Terrorism/Counterterrorism and Media in the Age of Global Communication. United Nations University Global Seminar Second Shimame-Yamaguchi Session, TerrorismA Global Challenge.

In this scholarly article, the specific media sources that seem to be used as mediums for terrorists are examined. Through news analysis of prominent terrorist leaders such as Osama Bin Laden and Saddam Hussein, this paper looks deep into the statistics and evidence of how extremist groups are able to transfer their ideas around the world through media such as the Internet and television. The audience for this piece would likely be college students who are studying terrorism or media, as well as anyone looking to further their knowledge of terror in this new age of communication. I will be using this source for television statistics as well as multiple examples of terrorist attacks that are explained in sufficient detail throughout the paper. I plan to use the numerous examples of terrorists utilizing the media to help my paper gain more credibility and ultimately to aid in my argument of how media and terrorism are fueled by one another.

!"#$%&' *' ' Seib, Philip M., and Dana M. Janbek. Global Terrorism and New Media: The Post-Al Qaeda Generation. London: Routledge, 2011. Print.

This book focuses on the content of terrorist websites and extremist television programing to examine how terrorist groups use new media today. It specifically discusses terrorist media efforts targeting women and children, which is a strategy some terrorist organizations have adopted, and also the relationship between terrorist activity and the media's presence. Lastly, the future of online terrorism is surveyed accompanied by counter-terrorism strategies. The audience for this source is anyone interested in terrorism, media, or security studies, and will be helpful in this paper because it gives a great background and explanation of how terrorists are able to effectively communicate their causes through the media, which is a central point of the beginning of my paper. This is a particular good book for my research because it focuses on Al- Qaeda, which is one of the most prominent terrorist groups today, responsible for attacks such as September 11th, an event that I wish to explore in this paper.

Seib, Philip. "Public Diplomacy Versus Terrorism." Media and Terrorism: Global Perspectives. Ed. Des Freedman and Daya Kishan. Thussu. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2012. 63-76. Print.

In Seibs chapter of this edited collection, public diplomacy, or the government reaching out to the public, is analyzed in order to develop strategies for counter terrorism. This section examines how governments like the United States have approached this duty since the events of September 11th. Through the use of public diplomacy to offset the

!"#$%&' +' ' messages of violence and hate, Seib believes that terrorism can be minimalized. This chapter would be of use to anyone interested in counter terrorism, since there are multiple strategies in how public diplomacy can be used as a tool to dismantle it. I plan to use this source to examine these strategies, which will be helpful later in my paper where I will discuss the future of new media and how terrorism will be influenced by its development. I think that this chapter does a good job in explaining the foundation for public diplomacy, which seems to be one of the key points that governments can use through new media as a medium to accomplish their goals of limiting terrorism.

Schechter, Danny. "Challenging The Media War." Media and Terrorism: Global Perspectives. Ed. Des Freedman and Daya Kishan. Thussu. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2012. 306-16. Print.

Schechter believes that commercial television has been used as an effective medium in order to sell the idea of the War on Terror to the US public. As the United States invaded Iraq, he argues that the media began to rally support by constant airtime of events. A specific aspect of this work, which I will look to incorporate into my discussion of terrorism in the past, is the analysis of the Nazi regime, which before each major aggression initiated a press conference to weaken their victims and to prepare their citizens mentally for the attack. Therefore, according to Schechter, the representation of a wrongful invasion of a foreign country was not new to the US in their War on Terror. Specific audiences for this work would be anyone interested in the role of media throughout major wars in history, as well as how this might relate to the United States fight against terrorism. The role of media in the Vietnam War is also examined, as many

!"#$%&' ,' ' believe that the media was the cause for the United States loss. I hope to incorporate many of Schechters points into my work, as he provides many great examples on how the media has influenced attacks in the past, whether they be largely terroristic or not.

Vasterman, Peter, C. Joris Yzermans, and Anja J. E. Dirkzwager. 2005. The Role of the Media and Media Hypes in the Aftermath of Disasters. Epidemiologic Reviews 27.

In this article, the influence of the media during heightened times of coverage, such as following terrorist attacks, is analyzed in reference to how it affects the publics well being as a whole. With an increasing role of media in all of our lives, I will try to argue that an increase in potential for terrorist attacks exists, and I believe that there are some sections of this article which will help me support this claim. Specifically, this piece contains many studies about the amount of coverage during certain disasters, and relates them to the people affected, which I believe to be a very helpful tool for when I am crafting my arguments. The audience for this source would be someone who is looking to examine the health of the population and how it is affected by these disasters through the media itself. This article will be effective in finishing my paper, as it is one of the last points that I am looking to make in my argument.