Direkte en indirekte rede

Changing sentences to Indirect and Direct Speech, and back again...

Difference between Direct and indirect

Ek is moeg

Die man s: Ek is moeg

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT

Ek is moeg

Telling someone else what a person said... Die man s dat hy moeg is.

Die man s dat hy moeg is

Changing from direct to indirect...

The easiest way to change sentences into Indirect speech, is to follow a few simple steps: Identify pronouns that must change from 1st to 3rd person. Identify Verb 1 in the quoted section Rewrite into Indirect by: Adding dat to the introductory verb Changing 1st person to 3rd person pronouns Moving verb 1 to the END of the sentence

Remember to remove the quotation marks

Lets apply the steps...

Ek ry n nuwe kar

Die man s Ek ry n nuwe kar

1st 3rd

Direkte Rede (Direct Speech):

Step 1: Identify Pronouns that must change Step 2: Identify Verb 1 in the quoted part Step 3: Add dat to introductory verb.

ek ry

hy

Remember dat = Group 3 VW, so Verb 1 goes to the END of S2 Step 4: Remove quotation marks

Indirekte Rede (Indirect Speech):

Die man s dat Ek hy ryn nuwe kar

How is this tested in an exam?

The question will give you a DIRECT SPEECH sentence and ask you to change it into INDIRECT SPEECH.
For example: Skryf die volgende in die indirekte rede. Die vrou s: Ek het laas week die werk voltooi.

Changing from indirect to direct...

If you can change something into Indirect speech, you should be able to change it back to Direct speech. Do the following: Identify pronouns that must change from 3rd BACK to 1st person. Rewrite into Direct by: REMOVING dat from the introductory verb Move Verb 1 back to Position 2 (After the Subject) Removing the quotation marks

Lets apply the steps...

Indirekte Rede (Indirect Speech):
Hy s dat hulle die werk gedoen het. 1st Step 1: Identify Pronouns that must change Step 2: Identify Verb 1:

Hy s dat hulle die werk gedoen het.

3rd

hulle

ons

het

Step 3: Remove dat from introductory verb. Remember By removing dat you need to put V1 back where it should be! Step 4: Add quotation marks

Direkte Rede (Direct Speech):

Ons Hy s dathulle die werk gedoen het

How is this tested in an exam?

The question will give you a INDIRECT SPEECH sentence and ask you to change it into DIRECT SPEECH.
For example: Skryf die volgende in die Direkte rede. Die vrou s dat hy laas week die werk voltooi het.

Changing questions from direct to indirect...

There are 2 types of quetions:

Type 1: Questions that use the VERB 1 as the question word

Eg: Die man vra: Het jy die werk voltooi? Type 2: Questions that START with Question Words Eg: Die man vra: Wanneer voltooi jy die werk? Each type has the same basic set of rules to apply, but with one exception: Add of to the introductory verb if question starts with a VERB 1 such as het or is, kan, was etc. DONT add of if the question starts with a question word

Lets apply the steps to questions startinhg with VERb1 used as question word...
Direkte Rede (Direct Speech):
1st Step 1: Identify Pronouns that must change Step 2: Identify Verb 1 in the quoted part Step 3: Add of to introductory verb. Remember of = Group 3 VW, so Verb 1 goes to the END of S2 Step 4: Remove quotation marks

Het jy n nuwe kar

Die man vra Het jy n nuwe kar

3rd

jy Het

hy

Indirekte Rede (Indirect Speech):

Die man vraof Het hy kar jyn nuwe het

Lets apply the steps to questions startinhg with question word...

Direkte Rede (Direct Speech):
1st Step 1: Identify Pronouns that must change Step 2: Identify Verb 1 in the quoted part Step 3: DONT add of to introductory verb. Remember Although you dont add of, you still apply the Group 3 rule Step 4: Remove quotation marks

Waar is jou nuwe kar?

Die man vra Waar is jou nuwe kar

3rd

jou is

sy

Indirekte Rede (Indirect Speech):

Waarisjou Die man vra synuwe kar

GOT IT?