46

UNIDAD
Advertising
3
En esta unidad aprenders a:
1. Expresar acciones pasadas que todava tienen relacin con el presente
2. Expresar las experiencias y los cambios que se producen en un tiempo anterior
al pasado
3. Utilizar gerundios como sujetos y detrs de preposicin
4. Utilizar verbos con su rgimen preposicional
5. Formar adjetivos a travs de sufijos
6. Redactar una carta informal
7. Diferenciar la pronunciacin de los sonidos /w/, /i:/
8. Diferenciar la pronunciacin de los sonidos //, /u:/
Por medio de:

Contenidos gramaticales
1. Pretrito perfecto simple/Pretrito perfecto continuo
2. Usos de 'for'/ 'since'/ 'just'/ 'already'/ 'yet'/ y 'ever' con pretrito perfecto
3. Pretrito pluscuamperfecto
4. Gerundio como sujeto y detrs de preposicin

Contenidos gramaticales
1. Verbos seguidos de preposicin
2. Sufijacin: formacin de adjetivos
3. El mundo de la publicidad

Fonticas
1. Pronunciacin de los sonidos /w/, /i:/
2. Pronunciacin de los sonidos //, /u:/
7
Unit 3. Advertising
READING GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
WRITING PRONUNCIATION LISTENING & SPEAKING
FUNCTIONS
The power of advertising Pret. Perfecto+
for/since/just/yet /already / ever.
Pret. Pluscuamperfecto.
Gerundio detrs de preposicin.
Gerundio como sujeto.
Verbo + preposicin.
Sufijacin en adjetivos.
La Publicidad.
Carta informal Los sonidos /w/, /i:/.
Los sonidos //, /u:/.
Identificacin de contextos y
situaciones.
Comprensin de la idea
general.
Hablar de acciones pasadas con repercusin en el presente.
Hablar del pasado del pasado.
Usar gerundio como sujeto y detrs de preposicin.
Formar adjetivos con sufijos.
Usar verbos con rgimen preposicional.
Escribir una carta informal.
Unit 4. Finding a job
READING GRAMMAR VOCABULARY
WRITING PRONUNCIATION LISTENING & SPEAKING
Job Huntting Futuro simple/Futuro continuo.
Be Going to+ infinitivo.
Presente Continuo con valor
de futuro.
Artculo cero en generalizaciones.
Frases preposicionales.
Sufijacin en sustantivos.
El mundo laboral.
Carta formal. Los sonidos //, /Y:/, //.
Los sonidos /Z/, /]:/.
Comprensin de preguntas
concretas.
Entender una entrevista de
trabajo.
FUNCTIONS
Expresar planes y disposiciones en el futuro. / Predecir acontecimientos y hacer pronsticos.
Entender una entrevista de trabajo. / Formar sustantivos con sufijos.
Utilizar frases preposicionales. / Escribir una carta formal.
(pg. 64)
47
Reading
1. Look carefully at the following images. (1 )
a) They belong to different advertisement campaigns. What kind of products do you
think they are advertising? Check your ideas at the end of this unit where you
can see the entire ads.
b) Do you find they are imaginative? attractive? Provocative? Why?
c) Look at the following ways of advertising a product: TV commercials, advertisements
in magazines, hoardings at the side of the roads, letters, brochures,
pamphlets in the mail, catalogues, tasting, or demonstrations of the product.
Which method would be the best and why if you were trying to promote:
4
5
1 2
3
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A chocolate bar?
Sports for the disabled?
Jeans?
Mobile phones?
A local school of foreign languages?
A pop star concert?
A new car?
2. Read and listen to this text. (2 ) ( )
The power of advertising!
Would you buy these jeans, this car, these tennis shoes, this CD, these sun glasses,
this soft drink? Have you made up your mind yet? How do you decide what to buy? How
do you choose one product over another? Do you compare prices? Do you pick the
one that is the most attractive to you? Do you study the advertising for the product? Have
you ever decided to buy a product just because of the advertising? What is advertising?
Advertising is how a company tells you they have a product to sell, why you
should buy it and how you can benefit from it. Companies spend millions of pounds on
advertising campaigns and use different media to reach the target market, which is you.
You are bombarded with ads for different products on television, on the radio, in
newspapers, in magazines, on hoardings and through direct and indirect mail, by which
advertisers send letters, brochures and leaflets directly to potential customers and
clients.
All the work carried out in advertising is to attract the consumer's attention. For this
reason, the ad campaigns are more and more imaginative, attractive and provocative.
Famous singers and film stars sell watches, perfumes, cars, clothing or soft drinks in
TV commercials. Slogans or songs identify particular products. The images can take you
to exotic islands, deserts or high mountains. The ads seem real because of the use of
computer technology. Photographs that shock are used to attract your attention.
Yes, of course
Absolutely!
In a minute!
Immediately
Of course not!
Absolutely not!
Are you crazy?
Are you out of your mind?
Would you buy this?
49
There is so much advertising that you ask yourself, is advertising a good thing? Have
you bought things that are not good for you? Imagine this scene in your mind -a wide
and sandy beach on a tropical island, a blue-green sea in the distance, a bright sunny
and cloudless sky, waves rolling in and out, palm trees waving in the wind, six multicoloured
beach umbrellas, striped blue and white towels, racquets and balls, a frisbee,
a volleyball and a group of young kids sitting around together laughing and listening to
music. This photograph is in a popular magazine. At the bottom, right-hand corner,
there is a picture of a bottle, an alcoholic beverage. You think to yourself, "those kids
look like they are having a fantastic time. Why? Is it because they are drinking this
particular drink?" You begin to think that maybe if you drink the same drink, you will
also have a good time. You may even think that if you don't drink this you will not have
a good time and you will not have any friends.
In relation to the above ad there are several questions one can ask. Does this
magazine advertisement give an incorrect idea to people? Are you persuaded by the ad
to buy this alcoholic beverage? Is the company that has prepared the ad promoting
drinking? Many people think this is not right and there should be some kind of ethics
in advertising. In Britain there is an independent agency that controls advertisements.
It is called ASA(Advertising Standards Authority), and one of its rules precisely says that
liquor companies should not suggest that a drink will make a person more popular.
Who decides what is good taste and bad taste or what is offensive and inoffensive
in advertising? The recent Benetton clothing ad campaign has shown photographs of
a new-born baby, a dying soldier, nuns and priests kissing and similar shocking scenes.
The public was scandalised at first and asked what these images had to do with clothes.
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Benetton said that this was the reality of life and humanity: people enter and leave the
world in the same way. Perhaps this is not an accepted way to sell shirts and trousers,
and that's why some people feel uncomfortable and think these ads should be eliminated.
A similar debate was created by the ads prepared by the Spanish Traffic
Department to make people aware of the dangers of reckless driving and try and prevent
accidents. The images were hard and very graphic. In addition to the accident scenes,
the ad showed the repercussions of the accident such as people in wheelchairs.
"Bad taste", some people said. The advertising firm said its objective was to influence
people and that if the number of accidents were reduced, then the ad was in good taste
and also successful. Then, where are the limits for advertising? It is a very complex
world with many questions still to be answered.
Comprehension
3. Answer the following questions: (3 ) ( )
a) What is advertising?
b) What kind of media do companies use to show their advertising campaigns?
c) Why are the ad campaigns more and more imaginative, attractive and
provocative?
d) Why do many people think that the alcoholic beverage ad is not ethical?
e) What is the ASA? What is it for?
f) Why was the Spanish Traffic Department campaign polemical?
4. Find words in the text that mean. (4 )
a) Force, strength b) Decided
c) Choose d) Clients
e) A liquid for drinking f) Having knowledge; being conscious
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5. Look at the following advertisements. (5
)
( )
1
2 3 3
4
5 6 7
a) What products are they advertising?
b) Who is each ad aimed at?
c) Translate the slogans which accompany some of the ads:
1. "Far and away your best local beers"
3. "Bran new ideas"
5. "Every Mum's dream"
6. "The promise of pure gold"
7. "Next time you get a sore throat, poke your tongue out at your pharmacist"
Pet lovers
Mothers
ill people
Young people who practice sports
Men who like going to pubs
Anyone who likes coffee Housewives
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PRETRITO PERFECTO SIMPLE (PRESENT PERFECT)
Afirmativa
Sujeto + HAVE + participio pasado I have eaten
Sujeto + HAS + participio pasado (3 pers. sing.) He has eaten
Negativa
Sujeto + HAVE + NOT + participio pasado I haven't eaten
Sujeto + HAS + NOT+ part. pasado (3 pers. sing.) He hasn't eaten
Interrogativa
HAVE + Sujeto + participio pasado? Have you eaten?
HAS + Sujeto + participio pasado (3 pers. sing.)? Has he eaten?
Este tiempo verbal se emplea:
a) Para hablar de acciones en el pasado que todava tienen importancia o repercusin
en el presente.
I have broken my leg Me he roto la pierna
b) Para hablar de acciones que ocurrieron en el pasado sin especificar el tiempo exacto.
He has been to Ireland twice Ha estado en Irlanda dos veces (si
sealsemos cundo ha estado habra que utilizar el pasado simple: He went to
Ireland last year ! Fue a Irlanda el ao pasado)
c) Para indicar que la accin ocurri en un momento que an no ha acabado.
Suele ir acompaado de expresiones de tiempo que indican un periodo
incompleto que abarca momentos tanto del pasado como del presente (today,
this morning, this week, this month, this year).
This morning I haven't phoned anybody Esta maana no he llamado a
nadie (la maana no ha acabado todava)
d) Para indicar acciones que se han repetido varias veces en el pasado.
We have visited Spain several times Hemos visitado Espaa varias
veces
e) Con las expresiones 'It's the first/second/third/only time'
It is the first time I've eaten raw fish Es la primera vez que he
comido pescado crudo
Expresiones Temporales que suelen acompaar al Presente Perfecto
a) Con el adverbio 'just' se expresan acciones que acaban de ocurrir.
I've just bought the tickets Acabo de comprar las entradas.
b) La preposicin 'for' (durante) se usa para expresar la longitud del periodo y
'since' (desde) el punto en que la accin empez.
They have lived in London for ten years Han vivido en Londres durante
diez aos (duracin del periodo)
They have lived in London since 1992 Han vivido en Londres desde
1992 (punto de partida del periodo)
c) El adverbio 'already' (ya) no se emplea con oraciones negativas y puede
aparecer o al final de la frase o entre 'Have/has' y el participio.
Mary has already arrived Mara ya ha llegado
Mary has arrived already Mara ya ha llegado
Has Mary already arrived? Ha llegado ya Mara?
Has Mary arrived already? Ha llegado ya Mara?
d) El adverbio 'yet' (ya, todava) suele ir en posicin final y con oraciones
Grammar
53
PRETRITO PERFECTO CONTINUO
(PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS)
Afirmativa
Sujeto + HAVE BEEN + verbo-ing I have been eating
Sujeto + HAS BEEN+ verbo-ing (3 pers. sing.) He has been eating
Negativa
Sujeto + HAVE NOT BEEN + verbo-ing I haven't been eating
Sujeto + HAS NOT BEEN + verbo-ing (3 p. s.) He hasn't been eating
Interrogativa
HAVE + Sujeto + BEEN + verbo-ing? Have you been eating?
HAS + Sujeto + BEEN + verbo-ing (3 p. s.)? Has he been eating?
Este tiempo verbal se emplea:
a) Para referirse a una actividad que empez en el pasado y que contina
desarrollndose en el presente. Se quiere resaltar el aspecto durativo de la
accin.
She has been studying for three hours Ha estado estudiando durante tres
horas.
b) Para hablar de acciones muy recientes que acaban de concluir
I've been cooking all morning He estado cocinando toda la maana.
PRETRITO PLUSCUAMPERFECTO
(PAST PERFECT)
Afirmativa
Sujeto + HAD + participio pasado I had eaten
Negativa
Sujeto + HAD NOT+ participio pasado I hadn't eaten
Interrogativa
HAD + Sujeto + participio pasado? Had you eaten?
Este tiempo verbal se emplea:
a) Para referirse a una accin pasada que ocurri antes que otra accin tambin
acaecida en el pasado que se conjuga en pasado simple.
They had already gone when I arrived Ya se haban ido cuando yo
llegu.
interrogativas y negativas.
Has she met your parents yet? Ha conocido ella a tus padres ya?
No, she hasn't met them yet No, todava no los ha conocido
e) El adverbio 'ever'. Fjate en su traduccin y en su posicin en los ejemplos segn
aparezca en una oracin afirmativa o interrogativa.
Have you ever seen a bat? Has visto alguna vez un murcilago?
He's the best person I've ever met l es la mejor persona que nunca/jams
he conocido.
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Grammar Exercises
6. Write sentences in the Present Perfect Simple to show present relevance. Use
the words in brackets. (6 )
a) I can't find my car keys. (You/ see/ them?)
.
b) Why are you crying? (fail/ English exam)
.
c) He cannot read his son's letter. (He/ lose/ reading glasses)
.
d) He's a very wealthy man now (won/ lottery)
.
e) He's lame in his left leg (have/ car accident?)
.
f) It's time to go. (you/ finish?)
.
7. Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple form of the
verbs in brackets. (7 )( )
a) This week I(not see) my family.
b) I(lose) my wallet.
c) I.(lose) my wallet last week.
d) It's the first time she..(eat) frogs' legs.
e) When.(arrive) in London? Yesterday.
f) He(teach) at the university for 20 years. He's now retired.
g) He.(teach) at the university for 20 years. He's still teaching.
h) This morning my secretary.(type) four letters.
i) She(fail) the same exam several times.
j) He..(have) three girlfriends so far.
8. Choose the correct answer. (8 )
a) Has the postman been?
just yet ever then
b) This is the worst book I've.read
ever often always since
c) I haven't gone outit started to rain
for since already before
d) Be quiet! The babysitter hasput the baby to sleep
yet ever never just
55
e) Have you.finished your homework?
lately yet already for
f) Have your finished your homework..?
just yet already often
g) They have worn black..their daughter died
just yet ever since
h) I've studied English..several years
for since just often
i) We haven't visited our parents
then already never yet
9. Look at the pictures and answer these questions. Use the Present perfect continuous
tense. (9 )
10. Complete the sentences using the Past simple and the Past perfect of the verbs
in brackets. (10 )
a) He............ (check) the brakes on his car because the day before
he..(have) an accident.
b) After we....(get) married I.........(meet) my wife's family.
c) The power company............(cut off) the electricity because the bill
(not be) paid.
d) Before you........(rent) your flat we.........another in the
same building.
a) Have they been jogging around the park?
No, they have been playing football..
c) Has your landlady been making the beds?
No, she.......
b) Has Mary been singing in the choir?
No, she......
d) Has it been snowing all morning?
No, it...
e) Have your parents been playing cards?
No, they......
g) Have you been reading a book?
No, I...............
f) Has the gardener been having a rest?
No, he.....
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e) My wife.....(phone) me to say she.... (miss) the train.
f) We.....(move) because my father..(be) promoted and
he had to work in another town.
g) Aweek after her husband...... (die) she.......(hold) a party.
Learning vocabulary:
Verb + preposition
El siguiente grupo de verbos va seguido de estas preposiciones.
Practice
11. Complete the sentences using one of the following verbs + the correct preposition
(11 )
a) He was.......accused ofraping his wife.
b) I was....the bus for a whole hour.
c) She's very happy because her favourite singer...her in the concert.
d) The team......eleven players.
e) Police have finally......solving the mystery.
f) After our quarrel she.....apologizing to me.
g) What time we start having dinner.....when our guests arrive.
h) I wouldn't.....getting that job.
i) Parents should..their children.....drinking alcohol.
j) You can't........him. He's an unscrupulous person.
ACCUSE OF: acusar de LONG FOR: anhelar
ASK FOR: pedir PAY FOR: pagar por
BELIEVE IN: creer en PREVENT FROM: prevenir de
CARE ABOUT: preocuparse por RELY ON: confiar en
CONSIST OF: consistir en SMILE AT: sonreir a
DEPEND ON: depender de SPEAK TO: hablar con
DIE OF: morir de SUCCEED IN: triunfar en
DREAM OF: soar con TAKE CARE OF: cuidar
INSIST ON: insistir en THINK OF/ABOUT: pensar en
LISTEN TO: escuchar WAIT FOR: esperar
accuse
rely
depend dream insist
consist wait
succeed
smile
prevent
57
Listening
12. Listen for the general idea. (12 ) ( ) ( )
What kind of relationship do these
people have?
Where does this conversation
take place?
They are lovers
They are strangers
They are mother and son
They are..........
In a swimming-pool
In a supermarket
In a church
...........................
What is the mood of the
conversation
What is the girl worried
about?
They are laughing at a friend
They are having a quiet talk
Theyre having an argument
They are..........
Her mothers health
Her job
Her pet
Her........................
What is the advertising
about?
Who are this couple
visiting?
Underwear
Make-up
Cars
.....................
The wifes mother
The husbands mother
The doctor
...........................
Using English
Preposicin + Gerundio
Si una preposicin va seguida de verbo, ste ha de ir en gerundio (-ing).
I went to work in spite of being ill Fui a trabajar a pesar de estar malo
I'm interested in learning music Estoy interesado en aprender msica
They left without saying anything Se fueron sin decir nada
Verbo que funciona como sujeto va en Gerundio
Los verbos sustantivados que funcionan como sujeto de la oracin van en gerundio (-ing)
Smoking is unhealthy Fumar no es saludable
Living in London in very expensive Vivir en Londres es muy caro
Watching television so many hours isn't adequate for children
Ver televisin tantas horas no es adecuado para los nios
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13. Translate these sentences using a gerund as a subject. (13 )
a) Estar desempleado es preocupante
b) Haber visto esa pelcula tantas veces es raro
c) Tomarse una copa despus de terminar su trabajo era inusual
d) Fue difcil encontrar un hotel barato porque era temporada alta
e) Cuidar bebs no es divertido
Working with words
Los siguientes sufijos se utilizan para formar adjetivos a partir de otras palabras
ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES
-OUS
-Y -AL
-ABLE -IVE -IBLE
-FUL
-ATE -LESS
Sufijo
-ive
-able
-ible
Verbo
Effect
Profit
Access
Adjetivo
Effective
Profitable
Accessible
Adjetivos normalmente formados a
partir de verbos
Sufijo
-y
-al
-ful
-less
Sustantivo
Rain
Nation
Pain
Use
Adjetivo
Rainy
National
Painful
Useless
Adjetivos normalmente formados a
partir de sustantivos
14. Write the adjectives for the nouns and verbs in the boxes in the correct column.
(14 )
a) care b) politics c) prestige
d) thirst e) region f) dirt
g) thought h) environment i) industry
j) fun k) job l) privacy
NOUNS
DANGER -OUS PRODUCT -IVE ENJOY -ABLE
COMPREHENS -IBLE LUCK -Y ORIGIN -AL
CONSIDER -ATE HELP -FUL HELP -LESS
59
a) decide b) produce c) envy
d) attract e) understand f) convert
g) wash h) destroy i) irritate
j) act k) eat l) recognize
VERBS
-OUS -Y
-AL
-ABLE -IVE -IBLE
-FUL -ATE -LESS
15. Complete the sentences with adjectives from the previous exercise. (15 )
a) They live in a very ..............suburb in the best part of town.
b) Is your silk blouse...........? Yes, it can be washed without damaging it.
c) It's wrong to read people's......... letters without permission.
d) These fungi are not.............because they are poisonous.
e) She's very beautiful. Although she's over sixty she's still very...............
f) The government...........policy tries to prevent pollution.
g) The town has changed very much but it is still..........
Writing: An Informal Letter
a) Saludo: 'Dear Mary'
b) Agradecimiento por la carta recibida: 'Thank you very much for your letter'; 'It was
great to hear from you'
c) Cierre: 'Write back soon'; 'Looking forward to hearing from you'
d) Despedida: 'Love'; 'Best wishes'; 'Lots of love'
e) Signos de puntuacin:

Uso de apstrofe (') para las contracciones: I've, he's, they're

Uso de signos de exclamacin (!) para enfatizar sentimientos. El signo se
coloca slo al final de la oracin.
CARTAS INFORMALES
Al escribir cartas a amigos o familiares en ingls se
utiliza un lenguaje informal o coloquial caracterizado por
el uso de contracciones y de expresiones del lenguaje
oral. Estas son las partes fundamentales de las que
debe constar tu carta:
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Uso de signos de interrogacin (?) para plantear preguntas. El signo se
coloca slo al final de la oracin.

Uso de guin (-) para aadir un comentario a la frase

Uso de parntesis () para aadir ideas adicionales
Expresiones tiles:
It was great to hear/hearing from you!
I've got so much to tell you
Sorry I haven't written before
I was sorry to hear about
Congratulations on
I was happy to hear that...
That's all for now
I must sign off now
Looking forward to seeing you
Give my regards to
Regards
Please write soon
16. Read Francisco's letter to his friend Ruth. Which parts of the letter make it sound
informal? Find examples of the above punctuation features. (16 )
20, Tudor Street
Chester
CH3 5XQ
4th September 2003
Dear Ruth,
Thanks very much for your letter. It was great hearing from
you again! How are you? Do you still have the same Spanish
boyfriend? -just kidding-.
At the moment I'm studying a lot here because next month I'm
taking all the exams but don't worry, I'm also having a great
time. I've met lots of people and made plenty of new friends
(especially two other Spanish girls who are also learning
English in Chester). We may all go to London next Christmas.
Would you like to join us?
Unfortunately not many people can speak Spanish in your
country, that's why I've got to speak English all the time, and
guess what? I can understand almost everything (Can you
imagine me asking for a tea in perfect English?)
Well, I must stop now. Tomorrow I've got an exam and must
study a lot. How's everything there? What are you up to now?
Write back soon and tell me your news (Don't be like me!!!)
Lots of love,
F
r
a
n
c
i
s
c
o
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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17. Match a-h with the parts of the letter 1-8. (17 )
a) the date b) the main body of the letter c) the signature
d) the opening paragraph e) the writer's address f) The greeting
g) the final paragraph h) the closing
18. Write a letter of about 100 words to a friend or relative telling them about what
has been happening to you recently. Follow the structure of the example letter and
use the ideas below: (18 ) ( ).
Ideas

Thank your friend/relative for his/her letter

Apologize for not having written before because you were on holidays

Say you have been on the Welsh coast

Say you haven't enjoyed yourself because of the weather

Say what you have done: visit castles instead of going to the beach

Say tomorrow you have to start working again

Ask him/her about his/her news

Indicate that you are going to end the letter
Writing tips

Use contractions and informal English

Begin your letter with Dear...

End your letter in one of these ways: Love; Best wishes

Use appropriate punctuation
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Pronunciation
Los sonidos / w/, /i:/
Para lograr la pronunciacin aproximada del sonido /w/ se han de colocar los
rganos de fonacin en posicin de pronunciar una i castellana, e intentar
pronunciar una e. Es decir se trata de colocar la lengua en una posicin
ligeramente retrasada.
Milk /mwlk/
Big /bwg/
Give /gwv/
El sonido /i:/ se pronuncia con los labios distendidos. Equivaldra a la
pronunciacin alargada de la i de la palabra miedo.
See /si:/
Three /ri:/
Tea /ti:/
Los sonidos //, /u:/
El sonido // se consigue pronunciando la u espaola sin redondear los labios.
Book /bk/
Put /pt/
Good /gd/
El sonido /u:/ es ms largo y tenso que el anterior y se pronuncia redondeando
ms los labios. Es similar a la u castellana en posicin tnica.
Boot /bu:t/
Shoe /u: /
Choose / tu:z/
19. Identify the short and the long vowels in the following pairs of words:
sheep/ship; bin/bean; eat/it; heel/hill; leek/lick; sit/seat; pill/peel; Luke/look;
pool/pull; full/fool; foot/boot. (19 )
20. Now listen and check your answers. (20 ) ( )
w
i: u:
1
2
3
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Vocabulary
4 5
Ad /d/ : anuncio (coloquial)
Advertisement /cdvf:twsmcnt/: anuncio
Advertising /dvctawzw/: publicidad
Aware /cwec
r
/: consciente, enterado
Be out of ones mind /bi: at cv wns
mawnd/: estar loco
Beach /bi: /: playa
Beverage /bevcrw/: bebida
Bombard /bZmbY:d/ (-ed): bombardear,
acosar
Bright /brawt/: brillante
Brochure /brcc
r
/: folleto de viajes o
de publicidad
Choose /u:z/ (pret. chose /cz/, pp.
chosen /czn/): elegir
Clothing /klcxw/: ropa
Cloudless /kladlws/: despejado
Danger /dewnc
r
/: peligro
Disabled: /dwsebld/: incapacitado,
minusvlido
Ethics /e wks/: tica
Far and away /fY:r cn cwew/: con mucho
Firm /ff:m/: empresa
Frisbee /fri:sbi/ :disco para lanzar en la
playa
Hoarding /h]:dw/: valla publicitaria
Kind /kawnd/: tipo
Laugh /lY:f/ (-ed): reirse
Leaflet /li:flct/: folleto
Make-up /mewk p/: maquillaje
Make up ones mind /mewk p wns
mawnd/: decidirse
Maybe /mewbi/: quizs
Media /mi:dic/: los medios de
comunicacin
Nun /nn/: monja
Palm tree /pY:m tri:/: palmera
Persuade /p cs wewd/ (-ed): persuadir,
convencer
Pick /pwk/ (-ed): elegir
Precisely /prisawsli/: precisamente
Priest /pri:st/: sacerdote
Promote /prcm ct/ (-ed): promover,
apoyar
Reckless /reklcs/ temerario,
imprudente
Roll /rcl/ (-ed): rodar
Rule /ru:l/: regla
Sandy /sndi/: arenoso
Scene /si:n/: escenario
Seem /si:m/ (-ed): parecer
Shock /Zk/ (-ed): conmover, trastornar
Sky /skaw/: cielo
Soft drink /sZft drwk/ :refresco
Striped /strawpt/: a rayas
Suggest /sccst/ (-ed): proponer,
sugerir
Target /tY:wt/: blanco, objetivo
Taste /tewst/: sabor
Towel /tacl/: toalla
Wave /wewv/: ola
Wheelchair /wi:lec
r
/: silla de ruedas
Wide /wawd/: ancho