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TONE Polyols
Performance Overview
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Introduction
TONEpolyols are high-quality,
caprolactone-based, multifunctional
polyols that offer significant
advantages over other polyester and
polyether polyols for the preparation
of coatings, elastomers, and adhesives.
TONE polyols are available in a
variety of molecular weights as either
difunctional or trifunctional materials.
This versatility allows the preparation
of either thermoplastic or thermoset
products.
In combination with polyfunctional
isocyanates and chain extenders,
TONE polyols can be used to produce
high-performance polyurethanes that
have excellent adhesion to a wide
variety of substrates. They can be
formulated to provide excellent
adhesive properties at low or
elevated temperatures.
In combination with polyfunctional
isocyanates and chain extenders or
melamines, TONE polyols can be
used to produce high-solids,
low-VOC coatings.
Special Features
Uniformity and consistency
of properties
Controlled functionality
High reactivity (contain only active,
primary hydroxyl end groups)
Low viscosity
Excellent color, weatherability,
and thermal stability
Narrow molecular weight
distribution
Very low acid number
and water content
Very low volatile organic
content (VOC)
Polyurethane Properties
TONE polyols yield polyurethanes
with the following characteristics:
High tensile strength
Good resiliency
Excellent hydrolytic stability
Superior tear/cut-through resistance
Outstanding abrasion resistance
Low color
Low-temperature flexibility
High-temperature adhesive strength
Outstanding resistance to
hydrocarbons and chemicals
Versatility
TONE polyols are also employed as:
Modifiers to flexibilize and
generally upgrade the properties of
acrylic, polyester, vinyl, and other
coating resins
Reactive diluents to increase the
solids content of solvent-based
coatings
Epoxy flexibilizers for both coating
and molding/potting applications
One component of a zero-VOC
thermal-cure epoxide coating system
Chemical Structure
TONE polyols are commercially
available in various molecular weights
exhibiting either difunctionality or
trifunctionality, as shown below.
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TONE Triols
TONE Diols
Production of Polyurethanes
A wide variety of polyurethanes can be
produced using TONE polyols:
One-package solutions for
coatings/adhesives
Two-package coating/adhesive
systems
Moisture-curable coatings
Prepolymers, Isocyanate- or
hydroxyl-terminated
Thermoplastic elastomers for both
injection molding and solution
coatings/adhesives
Cast/thermoset
Thermoplastic urethane elastomers
based on TONE polyols are miscible
with other polymers, such as poly
(vinyl chloride), phenoxy, and styrene
copolymers.
Applications
Polyurethanes based on TONE
polyols are useful in a broad range
of applications, including:
Caster Wheels
Contact Adhesives
Elastomers
Elastomeric Fibers
Encapsulating/Potting Compounds
Fabric Coatings
Topcoats for Foamed Roof Coatings
Foams
Gears
Hot Melt Adhesives
Industrial Coatings
Injection Molded Parts
Liquid Castable Parts
Magnetic Tape Binders
Microcellular Elastomers/Foams
Resins
Sealants
Sheet and Film
Shoe Soles
Tubing
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New Products
New TONE polyols can be prepared
with tailored reactivity, functionality,
molecular weights, and poly-
dispersities, utilizing a variety of
alcohol-functional starters. Block or
random hybrid copolyols have also
been produced experimentally. If your
application requires a polyol not
offered, please contact your sales
Table 1 Typical Properties
(1)
of TONE Polyols
No. Avg. Hydroxyl
TONE Molecular No., mg Melting Point Viscosity at 55C, Specific Gravity,
Polyol Initiator
(3)
Weight KOH/g Range,C cSt 55/20C Nonvolatiles
(2)
, %
Difunctional
32B8 HDO 400 280.5 0 to 23 58 1.06
0200 DEG 530 212 30 to 40 90 1.073 95.1
0201 DEG 530 212 <0 to 25 60 1.072 98.0
32C8 HDO 750 149.6 10 to 30 118 1.06
0210 DEG 830 133 35 to 45 170 1.072 97.5
2221 NPG 1000 112 15 to 40 180 1.072 99.7
0230 DEG 1250 90 40 to 50 280 1.071
1231 BDO 1250 90 20 to 45 200 1.071
0240 DEG 2000 56 45 to 55 650 1.071
0241 DEG 2000 56 40 to 53 450 1.071
0249 DEG 2000 56 43 to 55 650 1.071
5249 EG 2000 56 45 to 55 650 1.071
1241 BDO 2000 56 40 to 53 450 1.071
2241 NPG 2000 56 40 to 53 450 1.071
0260 DEG 3000 37 50 to 60 1500 1.070
1270 BDO 4000 28 50 to 60 2900 1.070
1278 BDO 4000 28 50 to 60 1700 1.070
Trifunctional
0301 TMP 300 560 <0 230 1.084 97.3
0305 TMP 540 312 15 to 20 200 1.072 98.9
0310 TMP 900 187 27 to 32 270 1.073 99.1
(1) All TONE polyols have a maximum acid number of 0.25 mg KOH/g polyol, a maximum water content of 0.003%.
(2) ASTM D2369 (60 min/110C)
(3) Initiators: EG=ethylene glycol; DEG=diethylene glycol; NPG=neopentyl glycol; BDO=1,4-butanediol; HDO=1,6-hexanediol; TMP=trimethylol propane

The data provided for these properties are typical values and should not be construed as specifications.
representative to discuss your
application and our new product
development process.
Typical Properties

Typical properties of TONE polyols

are shown in Table 1. Figures 1-3
show the effect of temperature on
specific gravity and viscosity of a
series of TONE diols.
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Figure 2 Effect of Temperature on Viscosity of TONE Polyols
The 1 series polyols, 0201, 2221,
1241, and 2241, are super-low
polydispersity polyols which offer
even lower viscosities, lower color,
and higher reactivity with isocyanates,
and provide polyurethanes with even
better elastomeric properties, color,
thermal and hydrolytic stability,
relative to normal-grade (0 Series)
TONE polyols of the same
molecular weight.
Figure 1 Effect of Temperature on Specific Gravity of TONE Polyols
Temperature, F
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250
1.08
1.06
1.04
1.03
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Temperature, C
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
TONE
0210 polyol
TONE 0230 polyol
TONE 0200 polyol
TONE 0240 polyol
Temperature, F
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250
700
500
400
300
200
150
100
75
50
40
30
20
15
12
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Temperature, C
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
TONE 0240 polyol
TONE 0230 polyol
TONE 0210 polyol
TONE 0200 polyol
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Table 2 Properties of TONE Polyols Compared to Conventional Polyester and Polyether Polyols
Property TONE Polyols Conventional Polyesters Polyethers
Type of Hydroxyl Primary only Primary or secondary, Primary and Secondary
Group depending on poly-
functional glycol used
in preparation
Hydroxyl The exact functionality Functionality distribution Functionality of the
Functionality of the polyol is known is variable and exact polyol is generally
of Polyol functionality is not known not known
Acid Number 0.25 max 1 to 4 0.2 max
Viscosity of Polyol Low High Low
Weatherability of Very Good Good Poor
Urethane
Chemical Resistance Excellent Excellent Swells in
of Urethane Hydrocarbons
Molecular Weight Narrow Broad Narrow or Broad
Distribution
Figure 3 2000-Molecular Weight Polyols Viscosity vs. Temperature
Temperature (F)
130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240
10000
1000
100
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TONE 1241 Polyol
TONE 2241 Polyol
TONE 0240 Polyol
HDO Adipate
BDO Adipate
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Figure 4 Solution Viscosities of a Typical TONE Polyol in
Methyl PROPASOL

Acetate
Table 3 Thermal Stability of TONE 0240 Polyol Heat-Aged at 70C
Under Nitrogen
Hours Aged
Property 0 24 192
Hydroxyl No. 55.93 55.60 55.68
Acid No. 0.17 0.13 0.09
Water, % 0.02 0.01 Nil
Color, Pt-Co 50 60 60
Polyol Solids, wt%
40 50 60 70 80 90
1000
800
600
400
200
0
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Acrylic and
Polyester
Polyols
TONE 0305
Polyol
At room temperature, TONE polyols
are liquids or white, waxy solids. The
solid polyols melt at relatively low
temperatures into clear liquids. When
in solution, TONE polyols can be
handled much more easily than
conventional polyols at an equivalent
solids content or, conversely, TONE
polyols can be used at significantly
higher solids contents than
conventional polyols at the same
viscosity. This is illustrated
in Figure 4. This low viscosity
advantage also allows achievement
of higher formulated hardness at a
given viscosity.
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Table 4 FDA Status of TONE Polyols
Adhesives Laminates Polyurethanes
TONE Polyol 175.105 177.1390 177.1680
Difunctional
0200, 0201, 0210, 0230,
0240, 0241, 0249
2221, 2241
1231, 1241, 1270, 1278
0260
32B8
32C8
Trifunctional
0301
0305, 0310
FDA Status
TONE polyols are cleared for food-
contact applications as outlined in
Table 4. An explanation of these
food-contact clearances is as follows:
21 CFR 175.105 for use as
components of food packaging
adhesives. This regulation requires
that the adhesive be separated from
the food by a functional barrier,
such as foil, or only have seam and
edge exposure in the case of a
laminated structure.
21 CFR 177.1390(c)(2)(ii) for use as
components of adhesives used to bond
high-temperature laminates, provided
they are separated from the food-
contact layer by a functional barrier.
21 CFR 177.1680 for use in the
manufacture of polyurethane resins
used as the food-contact surface of
articles intended for contact with bulk
quantities of dry food.
Storage and Handling
For information on storage and
handling of TONE Polyols, please
refer to Dow Publication 321-00061
TONE Polyols Storage and
Handling Guidelines.
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*Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company Form No. 321-00062-1203 AMS
*
NOTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one
location to another and may change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are
appropriate for Customers use and for ensuring that Customers workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other
governmental enactments. Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED.
Published December 2003.
The Dow Chemical Company
Midland, Michigan 48674 U.S.A.
In the United States and Canada: call 1-800-447-4369 fax 1-989-832-1465
In Europe: call toll-free +800 3 694 6367 call +32 3 450 2240 fax +32 3 450 2815
In the Pacific: call +852 2879 7260 fax +852 2827 5881
In Other Global Areas: call 1-989-832-1560 fax 1-989-832-1465
Or visit us at www.dow.com
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