Yunmin Choi CO 150 400 Kristen Foster 10/16/2013 Annotated Bibliography This research is about weather peoples common

knowledge on hybrid cars are right or not. This topic came interested because on a famous TV show, the host argued hybrid cars are actually more polluting than gas vehicles. However, he didnt include specific evidences so I wanted to know the facts and evidences about hybrid car pollution. The main question in this research was Why Does the Hybrid & Electric Car Cause Pollution? This research was started on October 9th through October 18th. My research was generally based on website articles. There were many sources I could find since the topic I chose was popular issue in modern society. Sources I found were credible for me and also most of them directly answered my question.

Fuller, John Do Hybrid Cars Cause Pollution? How Stuff Works.com. 09 April 2009 Web. 16 October 2013 This online article focuses on explaining pollution caused by hybrid vehicles based on scientific facts and logical statements. To his intended audience, the people who think hybrid car reduces air pollution, he states how hybrid car actually cause pollution. The main type of evidences he used were secondary research, because he brought existing facts. His first supporting point was that hybrid car produces more air pollution compared to normal cars in the process of making. Second he mentions about hybrid car batteries which is bigger compared to normal vehicles and because of that, its harder to get rid of it without polluting

the environment. The article was written in 2009 which is recent enough considering the fact that the first Toyota prius came out in 1997. The website How Stuff Works? is associated with the Discovery Channel which proves that the website is credible. One limitation of this source is that the author is not an expert in motor vehicles. The Fuller filled this article with the information he gathered from many other sources and in result his article is a direct answer for my thesis question.

Roos, Dave Does Hybrid Car Production Waste Offset Hybrid Benefits? How Stuff Works.com. 06 December 2010 Web. 16 October 2013 This source is an online article that covers hybrid car pollution. The intended audience of the article is people who are interested in pollution caused during production of hybrid vehicle. Roos supports his argument with two supporting points. First the fact that electricity used to charge hybrid or electric vehicles are produced by coal generated electricity which pollutes air. Second, he indicates that in the process of manufacturing, hybrid vehicles produce more pollution compared to gas-only vehicles. The reason this source seems credible is because the website is associated with the A Discovery Company which is popular for scientific researches. Also, the article was written in 2010 which means it is recent enough. The problem of this article is that there is not enough information shown about the author. This article gives another direct answer for my research question.

Park, Allice Why Electric Cars Are More Polluting than Gas Guzzlers at Least in China. Time. 14, Feb. 2012. Web. 16 October 2013

This online article talks about pollution caused by hybrid and electric vehicles in China. The intended audiences are people who are interested in pollution in China and people who are interested in hybrid car pollution. She makes two supporting points. First supporting point is the fact that electric car vehicles make more air pollution than gas aspirated vehicles. Second is that the electrical power plant for electric and hybrid vehicles make much air pollution. The source is credible because the publisher Time is a very well-known magazine publisher. Second the author is an expert at disease and medical knowledge which has a close relation to pollution in modern days. The one limitation I could found was that the topic that was covered in the article was a little bit narrower than my question. This source helps me answer my question by introducing another facts and perspective of the electricity that is used to power electric vehicles and hybrid batteries. Chatterjee, Rhitu. Promises of Plug-in Hybrids. Environmental Science & Technology. 2/15/2008, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p982-983. Web. 18 October 2013 This Academic peer reviewed journal explains how plug-in hybrid vehicles affect the environment and how efficient it is for the customer. The intended audiences are whom never heard of what plug-in hybrid vehicles is and people are willing to learn more about vehicles that doesnt use gas. His explanation of PHEVs includes pros and cons. For pros he indicates that the PHEVs are much more fuel efficient compared to normal hybrid vehicles. For cons he argues that since the battery is so big it needs long time to be fully charged. This source is credible in two reasons. The source is an academic peer reviewed article which means it contains high level analysis. Second, the author Chartterjee Rhitu is an expert in environmental science and she has written numerous articles and peer

reviewed journals. The one limitation of this source is that it doesnt go specific in analyzing PHEVs effect on the environment. However, this source was useful because the author mentioned the pollution caused by producing electricity that is used in hybrid vehicles. Chartterjee says in the article Increase of PHEV will bring increase in air pollution since PHEVs promote more generation of electricity. (Chartterjee, Rhitu)

Works Cited Chatterjee, Rhitu. Promises of Plug-in Hybrids. Environmental Science & Technology. 2/15/2008, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p982-983. Web. 18 October 2013 Fuller, John Do Hybrid Cars Cause Pollution? How Stuff Works.com. 09 April 2009 Web. 16 October 2013 Park, Allice Why Electric Cars Are More Polluting than Gas Guzzlers at Least in China. Time. 14, Feb. 2012. Web. 16 October 2013 Roos, Dave Does Hybrid Car Production Waste Offset Hybrid Benefits? How Stuff Works.com. 06 December 2010 Web. 16 October 2013