SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering Makadam Club Budapest, November 30, 2005

Accident analysis and the response of the infrastructure Cees Klootwijk, TNO
EU Competitive and Sustainable Growth Programme Web: www.riser-project.com E-mail: info@erf.be

Accident analysis and the response of the infrastructure

Type of analysis Examples Use to develop regulations/guidelines

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

Scope of the accident research

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

Type of analysis

National statistics database Detailed database Reconstructions Simulations Existing regulations

Regulations guidelines
RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005 4

National Statistics and Detailed data

Overview risks per country

Focus on where to put effort Performance check of regulation Check of long term targets

Overview detailed parameters

Insights in accident mechanisms Comparison simulation with real world

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

National / Detailed database

Example database

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

National / Detailed database

Example database

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

Simulations

Technical

Vehicle dynamics simulation Multi body simulation Finite element simulation

Human factors

PC-Crash (dynamics and crash simulation) Driver simulator

8

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

General reconstruction

Reconstruction of accidents
Phases

Pre crash Crash Post crash

Results

Human factors-what did the driver do before Impact parameters Post crash dynamics

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005 9

Reconstruction examples

Tree accident Ditch accident Embankment accident with rollover

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

10

Reconstruction example tree

Example PC-Crash (reconstruction program)

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

11

Reconstruction example ditch

to be added

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

12

Reconstruction Results

Level 1
Level

2
Level 4

Level 3

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

13

Reconstruction Results

Input parameter
Direction Speed Vehicle

Output parameter
Pre-impact

trajectory Impact speed Energy dissipation in impact Post-impact trajectory

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

14

Reconstruction Example Embankment

Simulation

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

15

Finite Element Simulation

Simulation in detail
Insights

on micro level of constructions on material choice analysis regulations

Decisions Technical

Two examples

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

16

Finite Element simulation

Example simulation

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

17

Pole impact

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

18

Finite Element simulation result

General:
Effective Current

for all passenger cars regulations Actual commercial designs Possible alternatives:

Concrete Wood

Specific:
Breakaway

poles still meeting EN 40-3 are better than rigid poles to reduce injuries
19

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

Madymo Simulation

Focus on occupants
Injury Simple

representation of objects No detailed constructional behaviour General regulations like ASI Benchmarking vehicle-roadside

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

20

10

Madymo simulation

Pole impact (head impacts pole)

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

21

Madymo simulation

Example Madymo simulation

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

22

11

Results

HIC-ASI relationship
Level

2
Level 4

Level 3

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

23

Engineering methodology

ACCIDENT DATA ANALYSIS

Provide real world crash performance

Support decision making of road equipment

24

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

12

Crash test data restraint systems

Overview available data Basis for comparison

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

25

Existing regulation

Level 1
Level

2
Level 4

Level 3

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

26

13

New guidelines

How to use the results

Trends Check

maximum values Check decisions Preview recommendations Check existing guidelines

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

27

Result

Real world data<>simulations shows effective way of improving roadside safety Assessment of the effect of non-standard conditions in road restraint systems. Balance between generic and product oriented results.
28

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

14

Accident analysis

questions

RISER SEMINAR on Safer Roadside Engineering, Nov. 30, 2005

29

15