Physics 251 Test 1

Chapters 1-8
Chapter 1
1 in = 2.54 cm (exact)
5280 ft = 1 mi
Chapter 2
v
s
=
ds
dt
a
s
=
dv
s
dt
v=a(t t
0
)+v
0
v
av
=
1
2
(v+v
0
)
s
f
=s
i
+

t
i
t
f
v
s
dt
v
fs
=v
is
+

t
i
t
f
a
s
dt
v
fs
=v
is
+a
s
At
s
f
=s
i
+v
is
At +
1
2
a
s
(A t )
2
v
fs
2
=v
is
2
+2a
s
A s
s
f
=s
i
+v
s
At
Chapter 3

A=

A
x
+

A
y
=A
x

i +A
y

j
A
x
=Acos 0
A
y
=Asin 0
A=
.
A
x
2
+A
y
2
0=tan
1
A
y
A
x
Chapter 4
v=
d r
dt
a=
d v
dt
v
t
=ur
a
c
=
v
2
r
=u
2
r
x
f
=x
i
+v
ix
At +
1
2
a
x
(A t )
2
y
f
=y
i
+v
iy
A t +
1
2
a
y
(A t )
2
v
fx
=v
ix
+a
x
A t
v
fy
=v
iy
+a
y
At
v
CB
=v
CA
+v
AB
a
r
=
v
2
r
=u
2
r
a
t
=or
T =
2 r
v
=
2
u
0=
s
r
u
f
=u
i
+oA t
0
f
=0
i
+u
i
At +
1
2
o(At )
2
u
f
2
=u
i
2
+2oA s
Chapter 5
a=
1
m

F
net
Chapter 6

F
net
=

i

F
i
=ma
(

F
net
)
x
=

F
x
=ma
x
(

F
net
)
y
=

F
y
=ma
y

D=
1
2
C Av
2
v
term
=

2mg
C A
Chapter 7

F
A on B
=

F
B on A
Chapter 8
( F
net
)
r
=

F
r
=ma
r
=
mv
2
r
=m
2
r
( F
net
)
t
=

F
t
=0, uniform tangential motion
( F
net
)
t
=

F
t
=ma
t
, nonuniform tangential motion
( F
net
)
z
=

F
z
=0
=
d
dt
v
t
=ur
=
d
dt
a
t
=or
v=rg
F-TONG
F = Friction
T = Tension
O = Other
N = Normal Force
G = Gravitational Force
Multiple Choice: Select all of the correct answers. Partial credit is possible on some problems if
work is shown.
1. ___________Two metal balls are the same size but ball A weighs 20 N and ball B weighs 10 N.
Ball A is shot off of a table horizontally at 20 m/s at the same moment ball B is shot off of the
table horizontally. How fast must ball B go initially off of the table to hit the ground at the
same time as ball A.
a) 0 m/s
b) greater than 0 m/s but less than 10 m/s
c) 10 m/s
d) more than 10 m/s but less than 20 m/s
e) 20 m/s
f) more than 20 m/s but less than 40 m/s
g) 40 m/s
h) more than 40 m/s
i) does not matter
j) not enough information given. What is
missing? _________________________
2. ___________ [This is the significant figures problem.] 12.2 + 12.34 x 12 =
a) 160.28
b) 160.3
c) 160.
d) 160
e) 200
f) 156
3. ___________I punch a hole through a wall. While I am still making contact with the wall, but
the hole is being formed,
a) I exert a greater magnitude of force on the wall than the wall exerts on me
b) I exert a lesser magnitude of force on the wall than the wall exerts on me
c) I exert the same magnitude of force on the wall as the wall exerts on me
d) It depends on whether the situation happens at the beginning of the hole making or at the
end.
e) not enough information given. What is missing? _________________________
4. ___________After jumping into the air, I land back where I started. When landing, I still move
down after touching the ground, slowing down until I stop, and then I am able to stand up
straight. While moving down and touching the ground:
a) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has a greater magnitude than the force of
gravity on me but in the opposite direction.
b) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has a greater magnitude than the force of
gravity on me but in the same direction.
c) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has a smaller magnitude than the force
of gravity on me but in the opposite direction.
d) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has a smaller magnitude than the force
of gravity on me but in the same direction.
e) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has the same magnitude as the force of
gravity on me but in the opposite direction.
f) the force I apply to the ground through touching it has the same magnitude as the force of
gravity on me but in the same direction.
g) Not enough information given. What is missing? __________________________
5. __________ A cement block sits on two wood blocks which are sitting on the ground. If I
break the cement block with my hand, what are the action and reaction (from the point of view
of Newton's 3
rd
Law)?
(a) I exert a normal force down on the cement with my hand, and the two wood blocks
exerts a normal force up on the cement block.
(b) I exert a normal force on the cement with my hand, and I break my hand.
(c) I exert a normal force on the cement with my hand, and the cement breaks.
(d) I exert a normal force on the cement with my hand, and the cement exerts a normal force
back on my hand.
(e) I exert the weight of my hand on the cement, and the cement exerts a normal force on
me.
(f) Not enough information given. Missing Information: __________________________
6. ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________ Shown below are six
arrangements of two wooden blocks both moving left to right at 2 m/s and accelerating in the
same direction at 3 m/s
2
. There are two different mass blocks, either 100 g or 200 g. In all of
the arrangements, the blocks are in contact, that is they are touching each other. As you can
see, on e of the blocks given in each arrangement is labeled A, and the other is labeled B. The
mass of each block is given in the figures.
Rank these arrangements from largest to smallest on the basis of the difference of the strengths
(magnitudes) of the forces between the force A exerts on B and the force B exerts on A. In
other words, the arrangement where the force A exerts on B minus the force B exerts on A is the
largest will rank first. In the same way the arrangement where the force A exerts on B minus
the force B exerts on A is the smallest will rank last. Keep in mind that some of these values
might be negative. If B is exerting a stronger force on A than A exerts on B, then the difference
will be negative. Negative values are smaller than positive values. [If there are any ties, make
sure you express those as ties (put = between then or group them somehow).]

7. __________ Which of the following can NEVER be simultaneously true for one object:
(a) velocity, v , is constant (not 0) and speed, v , is not constant
(b) speed is constant (not 0) and velocity is not constant
(c) displacement, x , is constant (not 0) and acceleration, a , is constant (not 0)
(d) speed is 0 and acceleration, a , is constant (not 0)
(e) acceleration, a , is not constant (not 0), acceleration, a , is constant
(f) None of the above (they are all possible)
(g) Not enough information given. Missing Information: __________________________
200 kg
100
kg
A
B
200 kg 100
kg
A
B
200 kg
200 kg
A
B
200 kg
100
kg
A
B
1
0
0
k
g
A
B
2
0
0

k
g
A
B
Short Answer
8. What are the forces on each of the objects in the diagram? The situation: Greg is trying his
snow board on a road (road boarding) He is being towed by his brother, Edro, who tied one
end of a massless and stretchless rope to his jeep while Greg is holding onto the other end. The
jeep has been rigged so that Edro can accelerate using only a stick (as seen). The seat on which
Edro sits is not fastened to the car, and Greg is just standing on the board he is not strapped
onto the board. When this scene takes place, Edro and Greg are moving and accelerating to the
right. Draw the forces on the separated diagram on the next page. (Ignore the effects of air)



acceleration
9. Given the following situation of a wedge being pushed up a ramp:
The force,

F , is applied up and parallel to the ramp as shown. The angle the ground makes
with the incline upon which the wedge sits is . The force diagram is shown below.
What are the equations of motion for the wedge?
F
m
M

M
Mg
Y
1

F
Y
2
f
k1
f
k1
m
Y
2
mg
f
k2
10. Some kid named David is whirling a 0.2 kg rock at the end of a 0.7 m sling. David is whirling the
rock so that it completes a vertical circle, swinging up in front of David and down when behind
him. The rock is 0.3 m above the ground at its lowest point. David wants to hit a target which is 3
meters above the ground and whose base is 10 m away from David's feet. If the rock is released
when it is .5 meters in front of the center of the circle and heading forward and up:
a) What are the positions of the object at release and at the target? What is the angle of release?
b) How fast does D need to swing it in order to hit the target?
c) What is the tension in the sling just before release?
11.
where m
1
= 4.0 kg, m
2
= 6.0 kg, the ground is frictionless, but the coefficients of friction
between m
1
and m
2
are
s
= 0.5 and
k
= 0.3. What is the maximum force that can be applied to
m
2
and m
1
not slip? (I recommend drawing a force diagram first, and then writing the equations
of motion. Finally solve the equations of motion and interpret.)
F
Ground
m
1
m
2
Long Answer
When we come back from commercial we see a car traveling along at very long straight road at 10 m/s,
and through careful measurement, derive the formula for its velocity over the first 30 seconds. The
velocity is described by the function v (t )=((2.4 m/ s
3/2
).4t+10 m/ s)

i (where t is in seconds). After

30 seconds, the driver goes into a skid until he completely stops. The coefficient of kinetic friction
between the tires and the road is 0.3. The mass of the car is 2500 kg.
(a) What is the car's velocity at 30 seconds?
(b) What is the car's acceleration at 30 seconds?
(c) What is its average acceleration for the first 30 seconds?
(d) What is the car's displacement, relative to its position just after the commercial, at 30 seconds?
(e) What is the car's average velocity for the 30 seconds?
(f) If the speed limit is 65 miles / hour, does the driver break the speed law? If no, then what is his
maximum speed? If yes, then at what time does the driver break the law?
(g) During the skid, what is the net force on the car?
(h) What is the acceleration of the car while it is skidding?
(i) How long (displacement) does the car skid?
(j) How long (time) does the car skid?
(k) Sketch the x vs t, v vs t, and a vs t graphs.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Position vs. Time
Time (s)
P
o
s
i
t
i
o
n

(
m
)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Velocity vs. Time
Time (s)
V
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

(
m
/
s
)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Acceleration vs. Time
Time (s)
A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
m
/
s
^
2
)