a computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data.

In computer networks, networked computing devices (network nodes) pass data to each other along data connections. The connections (network links) between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media. the best-known computer network is the internet. Una red o red de datos de ordenador es una red de telecomunicaciones que permite a los ordenadores para intercambiar datos. En las redes de ordenadores, dispositivos de computacin conectados en red (nodos de la red) pasan los datos entre s a lo largo de las conexiones de datos. Las conexiones (enlaces de red) entre los nodos se establecern a partir de los medios de comunicacin, ya sea por cable o medios inalmbricos. La red informtica ms conocida es el Internet. the physical layout of a network is usually somewhat less important than the topology by wich network nodes are connected. Most diagrams that are drawn to describes a physical network are therefore topological, rather than geographic. The symbols on these diagrams usually denote network links and network nodes. la disposicin fsica de una red es por lo general algo menos importante que la topologa de nodos de la red estn conectados wich. La mayora de los diagramas que se dibujan a describe una red fsica, por lo tanto topolgica, en lugar de geogrfica. Los smbolos en estos diagramas denotan por lo general enlaces de red y nodos de red. the orders of the following wired technologies are, roughly, from slowest to fastest transmission speed. las rdenes de las siguientes tecnologas cableadas son, a grandes rasgos, de ms lenta la velocidad de transmisin ms rpida. twisted pair wire is the most widely used medium for all telecommunication. Twisted-pair cabling consist of copper wires that are twisted into pairs. Ordinary telephone wires consist of two insulated copper wires twisted into pairs. Computer network cabling ( wired ethernet as defined by IEEE 802.3) consist of 4 pairs of copper cabling that can be utilized for both voice and data transmission. the use of two wires twisted together helps to reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction.the transmission speed ranges from 2 million bits per second to 10 billion bits per second. twisted pair cabling comes in two froms: unshielded twisted pais (UTP) and shielded twisted-pair (STP). Each from comes in several category ratings, designed for use in various scenarios. Cable de par trenzado es el medio ms utilizado para todas las telecomunicaciones. Cableado de par trenzado consiste en cables de cobre que se retuercen en parejas. Cables telefnicos ordinarios consisten en dos cables de cobre aislados trenzados en pares. Ordenador cableado de red (cable de Ethernet tal como se define por la norma IEEE 802.3) constan de 4 pares de cableado de cobre que pueden ser utilizados tanto para la transmisin de voz y datos. El uso de dos alambres retorcidos juntos ayuda a reducir la diafona y electromagnticos induction. Los rangos de velocidad de transmisin de 2 millones de bits por segundo hasta 10 millones de bits por segundo. Cableado de par trenzado viene en dos formas: Par trenzado sin apantallar (UTP) y de

par trenzado apantallado (STP). Cada uno de viene en varias habilitaciones de categora, diseado para su uso en diferentes escenarios. Coaxial cable is widely used for cable television systems, office buildings, and other work-sites for local area network. The cables consist of copper or aluminum wire surrounded by an insulating layer (typically a flexible meterial with a high dielectric constant), which itself is surrounded by a conductive layer. The insulation helps minimize interference and distortion. transmission speed ranges from 200 million bits per second to more than 500 million bits per second. El cable coaxial se utiliza ampliamente para los sistemas de televisin por cable, edificios de oficinas y otros sitios de trabajo de la red de rea local. Los cables consisten en cobre o alambre de aluminio rodeado por una capa aislante (tpicamente un material flexible con una alta constante dielctrica), que a su vez est rodeado por una capa conductora. El aislamiento ayuda a minimizar la interferencia y la distorsin. Rangos de velocidad de transmisin de 200 millones de bits por segundo a ms de 500 millones de bits por segundo. ITU-T G.hn technology uses existing home wiring (coaxial cable, phone line and power lines) to create a high-speed (up to 1 Gigabits/s) local area network. UIT-T G.hn utiliza tecnologa de cableado de la vivienda existente (cable coaxial, lnea telefnica y lneas elctricas) para crear una red de rea local de alta velocidad (hasta 1 Gigabits / s). An optical fiber is a glass fiber. it uses pulses of light to transmit data. Some advantages of optical fibers over metal wires are less transmission loss, immunity from electromagnetic radiation, and very fast transmission speeds of up to trillions of bits per second. One can use different colors of lights to increase the number of messages being sent over a fiber optic cable. Una fibra ptica es una fibra de vidrio. que utiliza pulsos de luz para transmitir datos. Algunas de las ventajas de las fibras pticas a travs de alambres de metal son menos prdida de transmisin, la inmunidad de la radiacin electromagntica, y velocidades de transmisin muy elevadas de hasta miles de millones de bits por segundo. Uno puede usar diferentes colores de las luces para aumentar el nmero de mensajes que estn siendo enviados a travs de un cable de fibra ptica. network structure network topology is the layout or organizational hierarchy of interconnected nodes of a computer network. Different network topologies can affect throughput, but reliability is often more critical. with many technologies, such as bus networks, a single failure can use network to fail entirely. In general the more interconnections there are, the more robust the network is; but the more expensive it is to install estructura de la red topologa de la red es la disposicin o jerarqua de la organizacin de nodos interconectados de una red informtica. Diferentes topologas de red pueden afectar al rendimiento, pero la fiabilidad es a menudo ms crtico. con muchas tecnologas, como las redes de autobuses, un solo fallo puede utilizar la red de fallar por completo. En general, cuanto ms interconexiones que hay, la ms robusta de la red es, pero el ms caro es la instalacin de

1. what is a computer network or dat network? Explain A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. 2. what is physical layout of a network? and what is the most importance of symbols? the physical layout of a network is usually by wich network nodes are connected. And The symbols on these diagrams usually denote network links and network nodes. 3. mention 2 relevant aspect about twisted pair wire. twisted pair wire is the most widely used medium for all telecommunication. the use of two wires twisted together helps to reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction. 4. what is coaxial cable? and what do cable consist? Coaxial cable is widely used for cable television systems, office buildings, and other worksites for local area network. The cables consist of copper or aluminum wire surrounded by an insulating layer (typically a flexible meterial with a high dielectric constant), which itself is surrounded by a conductive layer. 5. what can you say about an optical fiber? An optical fiber is a glass fiber. it uses pulses of light to transmit data. Some advantages of optical fibers over metal wires are less transmission loss, immunity from electromagnetic radiation, and very fast transmission speeds of up to trillions of bits per second. 6. what is network topology and why can we say that it is more expensive to install? network topology is the layout or organizational hierarchy of interconnected nodes of a computer network. the more interconnections there are, the more robust the network is; but the more expensive it is to install 7. vocabluray english-spanish: 10 words Topology= topologa Coaxial cable: cable coaxial physical layout= diseo fsico copper=cobre network= red nodes= nodos crosstalk= interferencia Exchange= intercambio Links= enlaces Twisted= trenzado