GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN SEE POLITICAL PARTIES II 2008/9 PROJECT FUNDED BY THE GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTRY

WIN-WIN STRATEGY OR GETTING OUT OF THE WOMEN'S GHETTO PROJECT REPORT

Reporting: Stanimira Hadjimitova, Sonja Lokar, Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Tables prepared by Marija Krnjaji Ljubljana, Sofija, Zagreb 06-07/2009 1

Contents

Executive Summary.................................................................................................................3. Introduction..............................................................................................................................5. Short description of the project..............................................................................................6. 3.1 Targeted groups and countries.....................................................................6. 3.2 Overall goal .................................................................................................6. 3.3 Immediate Goals...........................................................................................6. 3.4 Project Strategy............................................................................................6. 3.5 Planned outputs of the project......................................................................7. Detailed description of the project implementation..............................................................7. 4.1. Seminar in Trogir Preparation of Regional facilitators...........................9. Short description party by party interventions/seminars..................................................15. Gender mainstreaming in parliamentary parties of the SEE/Statistics............................23. 6.1 Share of the seats in lower or single house ...............................................25. 6.2 Percentage of women members in the Party..............................................27. 6.3 Share of women in the party leadership.....................................................28. 6.4 Quota for women in the party organs ........................................................29. 6.5 Share of women presidents of the party.....................................................29. 6.6 Share of women vice presidents per country..............................................30. 6.7 Share of women secretary general per country..........................................30. 6.8 Comparison of Women Ministers 1999-2008.............................................31. 6.9 Average Share of Women MP-s..................................................................32. 6.10 Percentage of Women Mayors per countries............................................32 6.11 Organization of women within the parties................................................33 6.12 Leader of the womens party organization...............................................34. 6.13 Gender in party programmes/ policies.....................................................34. 6.14 Coalition and lobbying capacity..............................................................35. 6.15 Affiliations in European Party Families...................................................36. After the end of the project 7.1 Outcomes of the project in Albania............................................................37. 7.2 Outcomes of the project in Bosnia and Herzegovina.................................37. 7.3 Outcomes of the project in Bulgaria..........................................................38. 7.4 Outcomes of the project in Croatia Summary of Project Recommendations.40. Appendices
Appendix 1.........................................................Table of Parties Visited May-June 2008 Appendix: 2.........................................................................Short CV-s of the facilitators Appendix.3.....................................GTF Facilitators seminar Agenda, Trogir, Croatia Appendix 4:...........................................Facts and figures about 3 sub regional meetings Appendix 5.....Statistical overview of gender mainstreaming in Political Parties in SEE Appendix 6...............First draft of the updated data base on the status of women in PP Appendix 7.........................Draft agenda used for the sub regional cross party seminars Appendix 8..........Training materials for the basic and advanced party tailored seminars

Annexes

CD with the additional materials

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This regional GTF project, implemented in 2008/9 built its success on the former work of the GTF for overall womens political empowerment including empowerment of women within political parties in the SEE region since 1999. The GTF understood that it was prime time not only to encourage numerous parties which were lagging behind, but also to boost further positive developments in the most advanced parties. Our idea was to use this project as a handy tool in order to get womens party organizations in the gender equality most friendly parties out of their marginalized position in these parties, to bring together all the movers and shakers from each participating party in building up, women and men leaders alike, a win-win strategy, which makes every party grow wider and gets it rooted deeper in its specific electorate because of its real political will and capacity to target and get more attention from the women voters. In 1999/2000, the parties which were pioneers and locomotives of gender equality progress in the SEE region were the ones which started to organize their womens organizations and introduce quota regulations in their statutes. In 2008/9, ten years later, such pioneers and locomotives are the parties which are able to develop concrete gender equality programs and platforms, to practice 40% quotas or parity (50-50) for their party organs, to initiate and/or support the enactment or strengthening of the legal positive measures in electoral legislation, to cooperate in wide cross-cutting coalitions in order to diminish the gender pay gap, to introduce a gender equality prospective into active employment policies, to build cross- party consensus on how to enact and implement zero tolerance against violence against women. The data that the GTF has gathered, and that we can compare with our previous findings, (this being the third such project the GTF has been implementing from 2002) shows a picture with big differences between the countries and also between the parties, but these differences are slowly diminishing with the positive trend in which parliamentary parties are becoming more and more aware of the need of their serious work on gender equality. The most important indicators of this positive upwards going levelling trend can be seen in the data which illustrates the growing capacity of the women's party organizations to network, cooperate and work in broad issue coalitions formed of national gender equality experts, women's rights NGO-s, different women's party organizations and state mechanisms for gender equality, as well as the fact that two new countries joined the elite club of the SEE countries (BiH - 1998, Kosovo - 2001, Macedonia - 2002, Serbia- 2002) with the enacted quota regulations in their electoral legislation Croatia and Albania, both in 2008). The share of parties with better insight in gender disaggregated statistics, with established women's organization, with the party quotas for the party organs, with the positive attitude towards enacted quotas in electoral legislation, with programmatic general statements or special declarations on gender equality, with precise gender equality policies on specific gender equality issues, have considerably grown. The same goes for the inclusion of the women's organization leaders into party executive organs and for the slowly growing share of women ministers. A longitudinal comparison of other sets of data, unfortunately show some worrisome trends of very slow progress, stagnation or even serious setbacks. The progress is too slow if one looks into the share of the parties where their women's organization has stable funding from the party budget. This is also the main reason why their work on the local level is still so weak and why the number of concrete activities or campaigns of the women's party organizations on specific gender equality issues is still so modest and nearly totally limited to the general gender equality propaganda in the party electoral campaigns. The share of women MP-s is also stagnating mostly due to the big differences and opposite trends between the countries. In Albania and Montenegro the shares of women MPs are stagnating, in Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria and BiH they are actually going backwards, while in Kosovo, Macedonia, Serbia and Croatia these shares are steadily progressing. It is important to take into account 3

that in these last four countries, womens civil society movements, fighting for equality of women in politics are the most active and persistent. Serious set backs can be seen in the share of women in the party membership in some countries (BiH, Serbia), in the share of parliamentary party presidents (in 2007 there were 8, now, there is just one woman party president left in the region), in the share of women vice presidents of the parties, women members of the party leaderships but also women mayors, especially in the capitols or bigger cities. These negative trends have a lot to do with the worsening situation in the civil society women's movements. External donors, who were working in the SEE region for a decade, supporting grass roots encouraging of women to enter political arenas, are leaving. The donations from the state budgets for the work of the women human rights organizations are much smaller and very selective, going to the service oriented NGO-s, dealing mostly with the violence against women, or in some countries with women's entrepreneurship, while totally ignoring the needs for the investment in political empowerment of women on the grass root level and within political parties. Top down pressures on party leaderships, coming from the EU and UN level exist, and they are strong enough to influence important changes of national gender equality legislation, but without well organized and strategically geared bottom up pressure coming from the nation wide civil society women's movements, these top down pressures are not strong enough to change gender power balance within the parties, parliaments and national and local governments and to insure this way the implementation of the enacted changes. In this project the GTF succeeded to actively include a considerable number of highly placed male party functionaries in joint regional and party by party organized reflections about the needed improvements of party gender equality approach and policies for the first time. The main redirection of the focus was from the tense debate between isolated, marginalized and often bitter party womens activists and nervous party male leadership about different gender power sharing within the party, to the dialogue and joint search for new approaches to the party growth through specific targeting of women voters. The parties profited from this project in different ways, according to specific level of their gender equality culture. But the most mature parliamentary parties Womens organizations in the parties with longer tradition of gender equality work, used party by party interventions either for the serious strategic planning of their future gender equality oriented activities or profited from the presence of the GTF project team member or facilitator for action oriented consultations with their male party leaderships, in several cases in the framework of the forthcoming local or national elections. In this type of parties these interventions served for the following improvements: Strengthening of party womens efforts for the fairer share of women in decision making bodies within the party and in the society at all levels. Strengthening of the mandate, logistic and financial support to party women's organizations Bringing male party leaderships into the endeavour to start to target women voters and to form serious party supported gender equality policies. Getting women party activists out of their ghettoes and staging a winwin strategy for the future gender equality work within parliamentary parties - this is exactly what GTF planned and succeeded to achieve with this project! Specific recommendations for the future GTF work on the improvement of gender mainstreaming in parliamentary parties in the SEE region are added to the report on each phases or activity of this project.

2. INTRODUCTION
SEE Political Parties, in many cases, represent the last stronghold for open gender discrimination. Namely, in the past 10 years, the overall legislative and institutional framework for gender equality in SEE countries has made significant progress. By significant progress we mean the adoption of Gender Equality legislation, affirmative action measures in electoral legislation, gender equality parliamentary and governmental bodies, ombudsman institutions, etc. The capacities of governments on the whole for gender equality has increased enormously with gender machineries in many SEE countries established on national, provincial level (Serbia, Croatia) and even municipal levels (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia). With all of this advancement in terms of gender governance, is the lack of advancement of gender equality in political parties an anomaly? Unfortunately, the answer is no. Namely, political parties have in many cases in SEE remained under democratized in other aspects as well. Lack of intra party democracy has at its core the reality of very young democracies coming out of totalitarian, one-party systems. This not-so distant past, in combination with a highly confrontational political scene, makes for a different paradigm in leadership than is typical for western democracies. Power is amassed by party leaders and their leaderships are still mainly (s) elected on the basis of loyalty to the leader, as opposed to their qualifications and support in party membership and local organizations. Party leaders in most cases dictate party politics top down, as well as being the authority in parliamentary and/or government matters. Party loyalties are the basis for individuals to gain many administrative and public service positions, as well as positions within governing boards of the many state owned companies. This partiocracy hasnt been kind to gender equality and to womens representation, nor to overall democratization. Parties have been much less open to reform than has governance in SEE, which has produced the phenomenon of party splits and proliferation of one man/leader parties. Needless to say, these parties, in turn, tend to have underdeveloped or vague ideological identities. As a result of the political environment in SEE, women and gender equality have been a low priority in most SEE parties, with some positive signs of improvement on the horizon. The Gender Task Force successfully completed an important intervention in the course of 2005/6 through support from Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) regarding SEE Political parties from two different, yet interrelated aspects. Namely the GTF worked in prior years (1999-2005) intensively on womens political empowerment (capacity building & improving their representation and position) through parties, primarily targeting the women politicians/party activists themselves through their womens organizations and or ad hoc womens seminars or gatherings. This approach was an important foundation to addressing the structural gender inequalities which are pandemic to SEE political parties, as well as the largely spread ignorance of gender issues in party programs, platforms and subsequent actions. Therefore our second tier strategy was targeting the party leadership and party structure as a whole, looking for the support and commitment form the highest level of the parties to undertake gender mainstreaming within their parties, in line with the best practices of sister parties and European Political Party Organizations and international party foundations. Working this way, including male and female leaders, using an integrative approach known as gender mainstreaming, for such a long period of time, the Gender Task Force earned a unique position of having a direct relationship with the SEE parliamentary political parties regardless of their ideology or size, and became respected as a partner through which parties could gain real benefits by learning how to better use their human capital (women 5

activists and potential leaders), how to define and refine their party programs, platforms, policies and actions , and how to develop into decisive carriers of gender equality in the greater society. This regional GTF project, implemented in 2008/9, was based on all former work of the GTF for political empowerment of women and for empowerment on women within political parties in the SEE region as well as on the results of all its previous work. The GTF understood that it was prime time not only to encourage still numerous parties which were lagging behind, but also to boost further positive developments in the most advanced parties. Our idea was to use this project as a tool in order to get womens party organizations in the gender equality most friendly parties out of their marginalized position in these parties, to bring together all movers and shakers from each party in building up, women and men alike, a win-win strategy, which makes every party grow wider and gets it rooted deeper in its specific electorate because of its real political will and capacity to target and get more attention and support from the women voters. In 1999 the parties which were the pioneers and locomotives of gender equality in the SEE region, were the ones which started to organize their womens organizations and introduce quota regulations in their statutes. Ten years later, in 2008/9, such pioneers and locomotives should become the parties which are capable to develop concrete gender equality programs and platforms, to practice 40% quotas or parity (50-50) for their party organs, to initiate and/or support enactment or even stronger positive gender equality measures in electoral legislation, to cooperate in wide cross-cutting coalitions in order to diminish gender based discrimination in politics, gender pay gap, to introduce gender equality aspect into active employment policies, to build cross- party consensus on how to realize zero tolerance against violence against women.

3. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

3.1 Targeted groups and countries: The project targeted Parliamentary Political Parties from Social Democrat/Christian Democrat-Conservative and Liberal groupings or orientation in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia. 3.2 Overall goal: SEE Parliamentary Political Parties improved gender balance in decision-making and overall gender awareness. 3.3 Immediate Goals: Improved willingness amongst party leaders for eliminating gender inequalities Improved understanding of positive gender practices in SEE and Europe in general. Mapping of the needs of political parties for continued activity in this field, in order to have a coordinated response by other actors, especially international party foundations active in SEE 3.4 Project Strategy serial of planned interventions: Maintaining and refreshing political party data base, started in 2006. Informing European womens party networks (in EPP, PES, ELDR) and international political foundations about the project in order to ensure coordination, synergy and follow up. Field visits of party leaderships in 10 countries in order to motivate them for active participation of their parties, not only of their women party organizations, in this project. 6

Special seminar in order to prepare 7 facilitators who will than participate in sub regional meetings lead tailor made party by party interventions in respective countries. 3 sub-regional meetings for the exchange of the best practices cross parties and between the parties 32 party by party interventions (consultations, basic training) in the form and module, agreed with each participating party leadership. 3.5 Planned outputs of the project: Updated gender equality party data base for parliamentary parties Narrative report with clear presentation of the results and eventual shortcomings of this project and proposals for the needed follow up activities

4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Immediately upon the arrival of the funds, GTF Regional Centre for Gender Equality established a special team and entrusted it to lead this project. Sonja Lokar was nominated as project supervisor Stanimira Hadjimitova as regional project coordinator Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti as associate manger and facilitator Marija Krnjaji as database manager Facilitators: 1. Jeta Katro, Albania, Millennium Women Network, Director 2. Mirjana Penava, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Forma F NGO, Executive Director, 3. Marijana Pajvani, Faculty of Law, University in Novi Sad, Regular Professor, 4. Morana Palikovi Gruden, former MP and deputy mayor, city assemblywoman 5. Savka Todorovska, National Council of Women of Macedonia UWOM, Director 6. Vjollca Kuqi, GTF Focal Point& Coordinator of Womens network Qeliza Maintaining the GTF gender political party database, (started in 2006) as an essential tool to monitoring and undertaking further action in political party gender work. The unique GTF data base on women in parliamentary parties carries information on over 60 SEE parties in 10 countries, including quantitative data on womens representation in party structures and elected/appointed positions, but also qualitative information on party gender initiatives, structures, program statements and legislative initiatives. Most of the parties included in this project, prepared the folders with the requested data for the field visits of the GTF project staff in May and June 2008. We were working on refinement of this data collection during all following activities in the projects till spring 2009. The ability of the parties to measure their gender equality commitment also through regular collection and analyses of gender segregated data has significantly improved, but there was still a big problem for most of the parties, to present a clear picture of the status of women in their parties and of the party gender equality policies and activities. With this project we succeeded to essentially refresh and update our data base for 43 parties in 10 selected countries, even if we lost the participation of all Romanian parties in the second phase of this project, due to their preoccupation with local and national elections. 7

Quantitative data cited, and their qualitative analyses in this project are based on this GTF data base. Recommendation: The problem of the lack of consistent knowledge about the position and activities of the women in parliamentary parties and how their activism influences the progress of gender equality of their countries is wide spread in the EU member states as well as in the wider Europe. In 2009, European Commission has finally put in place its new Gender Equality Institute. GTF suggests that this Institute starts to build this much needed data base. GTF expects that this data base will include also all EU neighbouring, candidate and accession countries, taking into account not only the standard approach used in the EC data base on women in politics, but also the expertise and pioneering work done by the International Idea Institute for Democracy from Stockholm, IPU, OSCE ODIHR, EWL, and womens networks of political families in the European parliament, CEE Network for Gender Issues, and last, but not least, GTFs efforts in the last 10 years in the SEE region. Presenting of findings and plans to European Party Group Leaders and European/International Foundations active in party work to ensure coordination, synergy and follow-up This intervention involved both informing the larger sister party groupings in the European parliament (EPP, PES, and ELDR) and seeking collaboration on the activities and interventions planned. We succeeded to present the project and to get the support for its implementation from the leaders of womens organizations in the EPP Sonja Lokar, the supervisor of this project, met with MEP Doris Pack in Brussels on December 09, 2008, in PES Women with Zita Gurmai, in Brussels in June 2, 2008, with the leader of the ELDR womens network, dr. Vesna Pusi in November 24, 2008 in Zagreb, with Chairwoman of the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality in European Parliament, Anna Zaborska in October 13, 2008 in Brussels. Sonja Lokar also presented the project and the outcomes of its first and second phase (field visits and sub-regional seminars) to the Committee for Equal Opportunities and Women Human Rights in the European Parliament, October 10, 2008), as well as in her work as a member of the European Commissions new Expert Group for Women in Political and Economic Decision Making, held in Brussels on October 14, 2009. On November 4-5, 2008, Sonja Lokar also presented partial outcomes of this project at the global expert workshop of I Know Politics in Oslo, discussing the issue of Overcoming the Barriers to Women in Politics. In this way this project and its initial outcomes became known also by NDI, IRI, IPU, UNIFEM, and International Idea Institute for Democracy in Stockholm. At the occasion of the funding of the new joint political foundation of the European Union, on November 13, 2008 in Brussels, Sonja Lokar, who was invited to this meeting in her capacity of the coordinator of the CEE Network for Gender Issues, was in the position to present the work of the GTF with women in political parties in the SEE region to all European political foundations which gathered in Brussels in order to establish European Network of Political Foundations - ENOP. Recommendation: In the SEE region, the funding for capacity building, and even more, the know how about party development in the SEE region, coming from different international political foundations, are crucial. In most of the cases this is the only money and the only source of knowledge in these parties spent and invested into capacity building of the party members, activists and even functionaries. In the numerous and not badly funded interventions of political foundations in the future EU member states, the work for political 8

empowerment of women in political parties is still underestimated by most of them. It is done sporadically and at random, mostly based on the weak demand from the sister parties from these countries, where women in the parties are still not in the position to prepare independently the programs for their own capacity building. GTF suggests that in the follow up activities to this project, GTF organizes a special conference with all relevant political foundations who already work in the SEE region on the issue of gender aspects in their democracy building work with political parties. It would be good to try to earmark a certain percentage of the funding that different political foundations spent for ideological and programmatic profiling and democracy building within their sister parties in all future EU member states for the capacity building and activities of women and their party organizations. Field visits: 10 countries Field visits were undertaken by GTF project team and served to inform parliamentary parties in each country of the continuation of prior GTF interventions. At the same time these visits served to renew interest in participation and receive feedback as to better tailor the following phases of this project to the needs of each party. The parties were also requested to provide updated information for the party database (last updated in 2006) The field visits of the GTF project team leaders, facilitators and some national GTF focal point persons were done in May and June in 2008 as you can see in the table in the annexes: GTF team succeeded to meet with some parliamentary party presidents or secretaries general, but in most of the cases we met with highly positioned male and female party functionaries members of party executive and with the leaders of women party organizations. Recommendation: Throughout this decade long GTF work with political parties it became crystal clear that for the progress of gender equality in the parties, the support of the party leader (and most of the parliamentary parties' leaders are men), and his closest collaborators (again these persons are mostly men, and a few of mostly not too gender equality sensitive women) are essential. Any future project for political empowerment of women within political parties should especially target male party leaders. GTF suggests the organization of regional seminars on gender equality only for the male party leaders from the SEE region, with the EC gender equality experts and party leaders of their sister parties in the EU, who lead successful parliamentary parties and have the best gender equality records. It would be a great encouragement for the male party leaders from the SEE region to hear from their successful colleagues from their EU sister parties, how the focus on gender equality have helped them and their parties to become politically stronger and to make the support to their parties in the electorate more sustainable. In this phase of the project, GTF has been also confronted with expected difficulties: Local elections in Romania June 2, 2008 + second round National elections in Macedonia June1, 2008 + second round Women voters still not seen as a very important special target group the reason, why most of the parties were still not motivated enough to seriously work on gender equality.

4.1 SEMINAR IN TROGIR PREPARATION OF REGIONAL FACILITATORS In June 2009, GTF Regional Gender Equality Centre nominated 7 facilitators (in addition to the Project Coordinator and Supervisor). All of them are experienced, regionally 9

acknowledged women politicians, experts and NGO activists. The seminar, which took place in Trogir, Croatia, from 27-31 August 2008, helped them to prepare for their role of facilitators of the sub-regional meetings and to undertake party by party tailored consultations, meeting/workshops with the selected parties in each country. Their role was to help party leaderships to identify specific steps to be undertaken in order to improve the gender balance in party structures, support the development of womens organizations, address gender issues in party programs, platforms and parliamentary initiatives, and find the way towards women voters. The materials which later on served in the sub regional seminars and in party by party interventions/seminars were prepared (all these materials are enclosed as attachments to this report): First draft of the updated data base on the status of women and gender equality policies in parliamentary parties Draft agenda for the sub regional cross party seminars Draft agendas for the party by party tailored seminars/interventions Training materials for the basic and advanced party tailored seminars The facilitators seminar ended up with the following conclusions and agreements: The updated data base should be tested and refined during sub regional and party by party seminars/interventions. The parties which have sent the requested data will be asked to delegate to the sub regional seminar a secretary general or another 2 highly positioned persons one man, one woman, from the party leadership by his/her choice. The agenda for the sub regional seminars will be focused on exchange of best practices and on the debate about the growing importance of the women voters, in order to motivate all the parties to shape their gender equality structures, attitudes and policies in such a way that they become more efficient in getting the attention and the support of women voters. Three sub regional cross party seminars will be organized on September 18 in Chisinau, Moldova, for Romanian and Moldovan parliamentary parties, on October 8, in Skopje, for the Albania, Kosovos, Macedonian and Bulgarian parliamentary parties, on October 16 or 21, in Sarajevo, for the parliamentary parties from Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. Immediately after each of these three sub regional seminars, party by party interventions will start. Each facilitator will be sent to help to the parties the closest to her home and most open for the concrete facilitator. Due to the national elections in Romania taking place just in time of the implementation of the project, it became clear that we would not have Romanian political parties as active participants in the continuation of the project. Sub regional Meetings

Through 3 sub-regional meetings, 36 interested parties in the SEE region met with neighbouring country parties, and also the other parties from their own country to exchange experience and perspectives on gender issues in a neutral format. See annexes for the agenda.

10

The main innovation of these 3 sub-regional meetings was in the fact that for the first time we had a good number of high level male party functionaries present and the debate really started to turn in the direction of joint searching for more substantial approach to party policies on gender equality. Exchange of best practices: Most of the participating parties have already organized their women organizations, more than a half of them had special quota regulations to insure womens participation in party decision making bodies, but these quotas were not respected 100%. Parties from the countries where the quota rules have been already enacted (BiH, Kosova, Macedonia, Serbia - Albania was just in the last preparations to join this club, and did it in the fall of 2008) were very proud of being an active part of this process in each country In the last few years, all the parties have worked on the establishment of the legal framework for gender equality (Equal Opportunity or Antidiscrimination Acts (in Bulgaria), gender equality mechanisms, quota for the equal representation, improvement of the legislation with regard domestic violence, trafficking, heath care, reproductive health prevention, care for children in need in Moldova, and in Macedonia also on gender aspects of the labour code and pension system. Most of the successes were based on joint cross cutting advocacy and lobbying of women from several political parties, NGO-s, women parliamentarians and with the use of the support of international factors (GTF, UNIFEM, UNDP, OSCE; international party foundations). The implementation of improved legislation is weak and womens power within the parties is still more or less marginal or even symbolic. 4.5 Recommendations: Quotas for party organs as well as for electoral lists are still very important and the only proven effective tool for the levelling of participation in politics. They are necessary, but not enough to solve all the problems women still have in the parties. Parties should increase the resources (financial, logistic and male leaders support) given to party womens organization, to invest more in the building of women activists and leaders. (Kosovo suggests to improve the laws on parties in a way that the parties have to give a percentage of their funding coming from the public budgets for the autonomous functioning of the womens party organizations and capacity building of women party members.) It is of crucial importance that parties in each county find out gender equality issues that they are capable and willing to build a consensus upon them, and to be aware of the ones that they will compete on them. The issue of equal political representation of women is the most important issue where the consensus between the decisive parties is an absolute must. It is in the interest of all parliamentary parties to have vibrant, strong and independent civil society movement for women human rights, including lively NGO-s dealing with equal political participation of women and men. In the governmental and parliamentarian plans for implementation of gender equality, and in the state budget, sufficient funding should be earmarked and used for the work of this NGO-s. It is prime time for all the parties to start to use their womens organizations as a think tank which should develop specific gender equality politics and as the base of experts and cadres who will work on them in different ways when the party is in power or in opposition. These policies should be integrated into the overall party policies, electoral promises and governmental priorities. Womens party organizations need capacity building in order to be capable to form consistent and activity based proposals of such policies and to open negotiations between party leadership and womens party organization on how the party as a whole will work on them. 11

Parties (lack of) understanding of the mere existence and potential importance of women voters - The introduction of this theme into the party discussion on gender equality issues, aimed to break through the male party leaderships suspicion, hidden or even open rejection of their serious support for empowerment and higher visibility of women within their political parties and to motivate male and female party leaders for serious engagement on party gender equality politics. The structuring of the strong, autonomous and well qualified womens agency within the party, based only on the rebellion of the women party members against structural discrimination within the party has always a real potential to create additional frictions and to trigger a zero sum game, where male leaders start to feel, (and very rightly so) that the power position of women can not improve, if their own power position does not deteriorate. This suspicion, this hidden or open rejection of the real womens agency within the parties is the main reason, why in so many cases womens party organizations became a womens ghetto, why these organizations far too often end up as a handy tool for the further marginalization of women in the parties. The strategies that party leaderships in the SEE region use to block the development of strong womens agency within their parties are well known to all women party gender equality activists: Party leadership does not encourage or even openly blocks the right of women to organize within the party. If this is not possible any more, they let them organize, but do not let them become independent, skilful and autonomous. Token or a woman blindly loyal to the party male leadership is selected for the leader of the womens party organization, and the organization itself is diverted to organize party social events and humanitarian actions. When this is not working any more, then they do not let them breathe no money, no logistic support, and no international contacts for the womens too skilful, too autonomous, too ambitious party organization and successful damage control is done! By diverting the attention from the internal party power struggle to the need of the party to grow by getting more support form such a huge group of voters that women voters make (more than a half of electorates in all SEE countries are women), the zero sum game could be transformed into a win-win game. When the party is growing, there is more space for talented politicians form both genders. Women can succeed without crowding out the men who already have and struggle to keep their power positions. Our pointing out t this issue was accepted as a new insight and will surely have important consequences on party attitudes and strategies connected to gender equality issues. The discussion of the women voters issue at all three sub regional meetings gave the following insights: Most of the parties still did not know anything about the needs, preferences and expectations of the women voters. They did not think about them as a specific target group not even in the times of electoral campaigns, when women could have decided the outcome of elections, like it had already happened in Serbia in 2000 or in Hungary in 2002 or in Spain in 2004 and 2008. Women candidates are left on their own to do gender sensitive electoral campaigning if they wish so or know how to do it (mostly they do not do it), but they are not supposed to do anything special in order to attract women voters. Party leaders and male party candidates are not seen as potential promoters of party gender equality values, programs and policies. This attitude is in fact accepted also by the electorate, as women voters also are not aware that the duty of the parties should be to help them to solve the problems of their every day life, which every individual woman can solve only as social, not individual problems such as subordination, discrimination, life-work balance and violence against women and children. But more and more voters are disgusted by politics, abstain from elections, women even more 12

than men, feeling that political parties do not serve their needs. Electoral turn out is falling dramatically throughout of the SEE region. The changes which were made with regard to the fairer representation of women in politics were mostly done because of international or domestic external pressures, exerted upon the parliamentary parties, but are still not fully internalized in the party political culture. State electoral commissions still do not register, analyze and promptly publish the facts about gender aspects of the voting process. (Data on turn out reporting are not disaggregated by gender; neither is the information on candidate lists and elected candidates). The researchers and analysts of the electoral campaigns do not include the aspects of gender issues in their analysis. If there are no civil society womens coalitions dealing with this issue, not only parties, also general public stay totally unaware of the parties gender blindness and of the marginalization of the needs of women voters in the party programmatic and leaders offers. One positive exception is the excellent recent analysis of the last Croatian Local Elections, prepared by the Gender Ombudsmans office. 4.6 Recommendations: Obligate state electoral commissions to publish gender segregated data about candidates, elected persons and voters. Include at least one gender equality issue in the party electoral campaign and train all party candidates to campaign on it. Party leader is the most important role model for this approach. (The example of Zapatero (violence against women in Spain), Edi Rama (equal representation of women in political decision making bodies in Albania), or Angela Merkel (improvement of parental leave and child care facilities in Germany)) Enact and establish transparent, democratic, party rules for the work of the womens party organization and the choice of women candidates who will have the ability also to create, advocate for and implement gender equality policies of the party. Invest in gender equality training of all party leaders and activists. Special attention has to be given to gender equality training of the new party members and young party activists, women and men alike. Include gender awareness elements in the civic education at all levels of public education Insure more international and national budgetary resources and long term funding for the massive awareness raising campaigns targeting women and young voters similar to the campaign of the OSCE in BiH We are more numerous in the end of the nineties or Women Can Do It One GTF campaigns in early 2000 in 12 countries of the SEE region. Information on new methods for parties' work on gender mainstreaming within parties and in the society Project team members who led the three sub regional meetings presented three new approaches for gender mainstreaming within the parties: Concept of making women stronger within their own party Concept of the internal party gender equality policy campaign Concept of the joint parallel womens electoral campaign All three concepts are based on the best practices of different political parties and cross cutting women movements developed in the SEE region in the last 10 years. In the discussion of the new methods that parties could use to strengthen their gender equality policies it became obvious that in several countries there is no good cooperation between the governmental and parliamentary bodies for gender equality, parties, their women organizations, NGO/s and trade union activists. There is still a lot of misunderstanding of the specific roles that each of them should play and a lot of mistrust. The lack or the weakening 13

of this sort of cooperation is the main reason for the stagnation or even negative trends in the processes of political empowerment of women within parliamentary parties, especially in Montenegro, in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Romania. Follow up agreements on individual party interventions In all three sub-regional meetings participating parties accepted the following criteria for their future inclusion in the implementation of this project: Parties who want to continue to participate agreed to have the interventions, seminars, in the premises of their parties, with half and half men and women participants, and to implement them not later than November 15. In a weeks time after the sub regional meeting, they will send to their facilitator and to the GTF Regional Centre in Zagreb the following information: Specific gender equality policy issue they want to discuss about The list of participants they will bring together for the party intervention or seminar The request for additional information they might need from us The date of their intervention/seminar Party by party interventions Due to the harsh criteria that we made and tried to respect for the participation of the parties in the last phase of the project party by party interventions, GTF succeeded to get on board the parties with the real motivation for improvement in mainstreaming gender equality in their policies. According to this approach the number of the parties diminished from 51 that we met in the field visits to 36, which took part in the sub regional meetings, and to 33, which used GTF expertise and their own knowledge and imagination in order to tailor the interventions needed for the positive step forward in their gender equality policy. The first analysis of party by party intervention/seminars shows, that the parties were able and willing to host the intervention or the seminar, but had major difficulties to define the issue, they want to discuss, to keep the agreed timing and to bring together balanced number of male and female participants to their events. The coaching of the facilitators and constant encouragement coming from the GTF Regional Centre proved crucial. In the table below, one can clearly see, how much did the parties make use of what they have learned from the first two phases of the project field visits and sub regional meeting and to what extend the parties were capable to use the opportunity for the refinement of their gender equality policies and approach that this project offered to them. For each party seminar facilitator prepared corresponding agenda

14

5. Short description party by party interventions/seminars

COUNTRY EXCERPTS FROM THE PARTY BY PARTY INTERVENTIONS/SEMINARS ARRANGED BY COUNTRIES PARTY

Social Party

Democratic

Democratic Party

Socialist Movement for Integration

The participants from this seminar agreed to take the responsibility for introducing strict and fair rules about the placement of women on all candidates' lists. They will propose a concrete solution and push for its adoption by the party Convention (2-3 months before the elections). The lists of potential women candidates will be prepared by women's forum in close collaboration with local party leaderships and ratified by the party leaderships at local level. Also, criteria for facilitating women's inclusion in the electoral lists will be elaborated. As SDP will enter the elections 2009 in a coalition with some other left wing party, negotiations are in the process. Women from this coalition party made a request that coalition party women should also benefit from the quota and the placement rules as well as that penalty should be enacted along with the enactment of the legal quota provisions. The same group decided to contribute to the preparation of the electoral program (the end of January) regarding gender orientation, which will be ratified by the Steering Committee of the party during February March period. Regarding possible gender issues to be included in their electoral campaign , the participants confirmed that they would be oriented towards: a. Female employment b. Social effects of the economic reforms regarding women. Democratic Women's Forum will take the responsibility to orient the Democratic Party towards gender issues in the electoral campaign 2009. The women's forum will be responsible for introducing the quota of 30 % in the party statute, as for the moment it continues to be 25 %. Democratic women's forum will also prepare the list of potential women candidates and introduce it to the leadership of the Democratic party. Education should be one of gender issues to be addressed in the electoral campaign 2009. As most of the educators at national level are women, the Democratic Women's Forum has proposed that the party should promise to raise the wages (known to be the lowest in the labour market) in this sector. Also, the flexibility of the working hours will be an issue under discussion and might be another option for the electoral campaign of the Democrats in 2009. During the local elections of 2007, LSI implemented a preferential quota for women. The national steering committee made the decision that the party representation in the municipality of Tirana, the biggest municipality in the country, should be 50/50 for men and women. After these elections, they won 6 seats at the municipality council of Tirana, 3 women and 3 men. The nominations for the candidate list were made according to two separate lists, one for men and one for women. For the 4 other biggest cities like Durres, Elbasan, Korca and Vlora, women's vote was counted 1.3 for women and 1 for men. This helped to increase women's representation in the municipality councils of these cities. SMI is organized at municipality and commune level and is composed of the chair, deputy chair, and secretary. SMI statute states that it is obligatory that 1/3 of elected persons in these structures has to be women. Among 296 elected people in the party structures (in 64 municipalities all over the country and 11 mini municipalities in the capital), 74 or 25 % of them are women.

Albania

Socialist Party

The 50-50 electoral lists for municipality councils during the last local elections were absolutely a new initiative in the country taken by the Socialists. The socialists are now making a full step towards in order to insure 50-50 representation of women and men in all party decision making flora

15

HDZ 1990 - Croatian Democratic Union 1990

The following steps for the future action were identified: Activities related to advocating for the party quota (short-term) Campaign for the adoption of the quota (medium-term) Changing of the Party Constitution (long-term) - To form a working group that would analyze the situation and draw up a plan of activities (in 1 month) - To inform all branches and divisions of the party about this initiatives and establish continuous communication. - To organize a meeting witholder female members of the party and try to get them involved in the activities. The HDZ 90 has a critical mass of members, especially the youth, who wish to continue working on gender awareness raising and on the integration of gender into the party policies. The party has shown interest in these topics and in the continuation of the work in this field not only in order to animate women voters but also in order to bring their standards and politics in accordance with those of the European political umbrella organizations. (HDZ BiH is an observer member of EPP) The session of the Head Committee was held right after the GTF intervention in this party. The member of the party executive and also the President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina proposed that the Party Constitution should be brought in accordance with the domestic and international gender laws and standards. The proposal was accepted. This will mean the redefinition of the 15 existing articles and the addition of new articles on gender equality to the Party Constitution. The Head Committee of the party also accepted that the status and the role of the party Womens Association should be regulated by the Party Constitution, as well as, that it has to be expanded in a network ranging from local to state levels. The Party agreed on the necessity of compiling gender segregated statistics and practicing of the gender analysis of their membership and cadres. It is necessary to educate women citizens in order to encourage them to join the party, especially in smaller areas Gender issues need to be introduced into the party programme, but it is also necessary to elaborate concrete gender equality policies at different levels of power in order to insure their implementation. New forms of campaigning, based on individual campaigning need to be put in practice Gender equality related subjects have to be integrated into the program of the PDP Political Academy, which has been established in order to develop the capacities of the party functionaries and cadres. The vice-president of the PDP Women's Forum and the facilitators has agreed to draw up a plan of training for female members of the party and women in smaller municipalities in March 2009. There is a need for a more aggressive support of female members, not only of the party candidates, and continuously, not just during the elections. The profile of candidates needs to be adjusted to the areas, constituencies, etc. In some areas those are the recognized union activists/workers, in others academics, elsewhere the young, etc. They agreed that it is necessary to investigate and feel the pulse of the voters on time. Since, as in any party, there are those who only wish to comply with the Elections Act (quota there is set on a minimum of 30%), but the women in the party believe, that it is necessary to amend the Elections Act so that it complies with the Gender Equality in Bosnia and Herzegovina Act (40% minimal quota for both, men and women). The women should be given positions primarily through the party quota, which will be one of the partys first activities. A strategy of media activities will be drawn up in the party in order to introduce to the public the ideas and activities of the women in the party and the gender policies of the party.

HDZ Croatia Coalition HNZ

PDP Party of Democratic Progress of RS

Bosnia and Herzegovina

SBiH Party for BiH

16

SDA Party of Democratic Action

SNSD Alliance of Independent Social Democrats from RS

As is the case with most party, the SDA has a problem with activating women who hold positions and female members, as well as in recruiting new female members. They believe this is due to the following obstacles: - the time when meetings are held and how long they last, the ambient (not only the environment they live in but also the male majority in the party); - the conditions for women who have families and/or children; - endangered real/socio-economic situation; - female members are not used to suggesting new ideas, they simply perform the duties of the position they were appointed or elected to; female members of the party only get involved through ad hoc activities, usually humanitarian activities or activities during the holidays, which means there is no continuity of activity; - voters are addressed before the elections, through campaigns - men and women are addressed in the same way, with the same messages; - the party has no programmes or strategies that aim at changing that The participants of the Seminar made the following conclusions and recommendations They will inform party leadership about the outcomes of this seminar. They will ask that an analysis of the local elections 2008 from the gender perspective should be commenced immediately; They will propose the change of the party statute in order to define and determine a 40% quota of women for all structures, commissions, committees and other organs of the party; They will ask that male members should also be included in the campaign of animating women voters, and that the party As a whole accepts this activity as a part of its programme. They agreed to continue working on the plan of Activities of the Campaign of Animating Women Voters, asking consultation and help of the GTF facilitator in this endeavour. There was never any initiative, from any level, for the amendment of the Party political programme so as to reflect gender issues. All participants at the meeting were of the opinion that this should be done, but they did not know from where to start. They decided that it would be best to first create a task force that will, together with the Training Team of the SNSD Political Academy, draw up a plan for the campaign for integrating of the Party Gender Equality Resolution. They will hold a meeting with the party leadership and are certain that the initiative for the integration of the Resolution will be supported by the highest structures in the party. Quota of 35 percent representation of women in all party decision making bodies is in place but not respected at all levels; There is readiness to launch a parliamentary initiative for changing the electoral law that would guarantee 30 percent representation of women in the implementation of election results; In the next elections SDP BiH will lead a campaign based on a number of policies that will be directly related to gender equality. Proposals for the changes of the party statute in order to ensure higher representation of women within the SDP are prepared and they will be presented at the Congress of the SDP BiH, which will be held in March 2009. It is important to find out specific reasons why there are no more women interested in party politics and why they retreat from the active party life participation (bear in mind that the SDP is opposition party ) Important achievements were obtained at the last Party Congress on November 22-23 2008: the ammendements in the Party Statute and Party Program: Party Statute: In Par. 17 /2 a gender neutral quota was introduced for at least 40% of any gender to participate in party posts/organs; Par. 46 is dedicated as a whole to the UPSWBSP, which is mentioned as a party unity for political work (5); that this structute can interact with the civil socity structures; that its members can be members of other NGOs; that its representatives participate in the party organs at all levels. Party Program: In the Party Values part it is mentioned that equality means ... garanteed gender equality; In Society part it is mentioned that BSP has as a priority task to work for overcoming the existing stereotypes for the role of women and will work for omition of the barriers for carriers and political development; the active inclusion in the sociaty life and the realization of women at the labour market will be ensured if care survices for children and elderly are established and developed.For the moment the reconsiliation of family and proffesional life is dificult for mothers and fathers. The responsibility in this respect lies not only on the state but also on the business, where the corporations must adopt their policy in favor of the employees with families. In the BSP budget there is a line dedicated to the needs of UPSWBSP The lector prepared a gender awareness training for this party, considering the fact that the party is new and most of the women probably were to hear for the first time many of the gender equality ideas. After the training nearly all of the participants approached the lector asking for organization of additional seminars of the same kind in their regions! Dr Aleksieva the Chair of the Women-GERB started to think how it could happen in 2009

SDP BIH-Social Democrat Party

Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP)

Bulgaria

GERB (Citizens European Development Bulgaria)

for of

17

NMSS National Movement for Surge and Stability

The facilitator tried to explane very deeply that the party women's organization has to do strong political work, not only to organize charity events. This approach was used as the party has a Liberal women's network, which is registered as NGO and all the advance information show that it is really doing only charity eventsTrying not to induce an open confrontation, the facilitator made an appeal to the party MPs to show good gender equality knowledge and sensitivity, by supporting the new draft of the Gender Equality Law. NMSS confronted all the previous versions and there are some MPs who are against it for the moment as well. This lobbying moment can be considered as the only positive result of this meeting and the long distance travelling of the facilitator! The Round Table was organized in a very important moment 2 weeks before the elections of party Chair and new National Executive Council (NEC). Four of the 6 candidates for party Chair all they were men, took part in the meeting together with the 3 candidates for members of the NEC. They all presented their visions for the party development, but the facilitator and the women asked them especially for their intentions for the vertical promotion of the women in the party structures. The discussion was ful of critisizm and suggestions for improvementsIn the last part of the meeting St. Hadjimitova presented very practical advices for the instruments needed for women's promotion within the party: quota system, the role of electoral system and the role and main tasks of the women's organization

Union of Democratic Forces (UDF)

HNS Croatian Peoples PartyLiberal Democrats

It was decided that the Party will set up proper and regular gender segregated data base about its membership. All members of the HNS will be informed about the outstanding party results in particular county and city organizations and make clear that these results have a lot to do with the high percentage of women among members in these party organizations: 39% or higher, as it is in Zagreb or Meimurje Special attention will be given to the organizations where there are not a large number of women among members and in which they are not visible enough, for example in Dalmatia. Systematic attention will be given to the training of those women who wish to engage in public work and politics, and who are members of the HNS. The budget of the party will define adequate finances for the operation of the Womens Initiative. They are particularly interested in the education and research targeting women voters, in meetings and seminars, and exchange of regional experiences. At this moment they are passing through the transition between two female presidents and they did not have time to organize the seminar. They will lobby for electoral lists which will include more women, even though the enacted legal quotas will not be binding for another three election cycles.

HDZ Croatian Democratic Union

HSS Croatian Peasant Party

They are interested in the participation of men, especially when it comes to women's specific issues. Also they are interested in a seminar, if possible even at this stage, if it is now too late, than before the forthcoming local elections in 2009. Especially interesting is their attitude towards the quota as a positive discriminatory measure that would enhance women in public affairs. In the documents of HSS there is no quota. President of the Women forum in the Party Ms. Ledinski use the recommendations (one of these was that the fifth place on each list must be a woman). They think that women do not need legal positive measures, and if it comes that the law changes they would do "what the law requires." They dont know the female electorate neither they ever did the analysis of their own voters. They also do not use Crobarometar. They believe that it would be interesting to know about the specific attitudes of women voters in the local, presidential, and parliamentary elections and how do women behave in elections with regard to their age. SD Womens Forum needs to work more with the young party members on gender equality issues. Young generations, women and men alike, are completely gender illiterate and there fore an easy prey to gender stereotypes. The party needs to show its ability not only to find and train women candidates and to form sound and issue specific gender equality policies, but also to implement them at least in the local communities where the party is in power. WF will ask from the party to apply legal quota for the local elections even if these regulations will not be binding for the next three electoral cycles.

Croatia

SDP Social Democratic Party

18

LDK Democratic League of Kosovo

They only presented current status relating to Gender mainstreaming and the status of women in their country in general. They did not arrange any further action.

PDKDemocratic Party of Kosovo

Kosovo

AAK Alliance for the Future of Kosovo

Conclusions from the seminar: 1. To reframe the status of women inside the party 2. To create a specific budget line for activities that womens forum undertake 3. To establish a concrete program for empowerment of women inside the party. 4. Party should support the recognition and implementation of Gender Equality Law and amendments in all Party and government levels. 5. To insist on the legal obligation to implement all internationally and nationally accepted human rights, not to take them only as recommendations. 6. Party should stand for the elimination of all forms of gender prejudices and double standard judgments and emphasize women values. 7. The Party should recognize and implement the CEDAW Convention. 8. The party should establish arty and Government program for gender equality. 1. The gender equality amendment, respectively the article 3. to be enforced and not only recommended, and for the political parties that do not comply the penalty should follow 2. The article 5 that determine the name of the offices for gender equality at local level to be replaced with agencys for gender equality. 3. Law for political parties which will be soon in the Parliament needs to guarantee gender mainstreaming in accordance to the Law on gender Equality. 4. Government needs to establish a special budget line for implementation of gender mechanisms, to support gender work within political parties, womens civil society, and trade union womens network etc. 5. Women in decision making bodies should be accepted as equal partners Party women organization, called Albanian women, will ask their party President, to instruct all local party organizations to directly target women voters by including in their electoral promises at least one gender equality issue, crucially important for women of this community. During the process of preparation for the campaigns for the election, the party is planning to organize (in the beginning of February 2009), special training for 25 most capable women candidates from the local communities where that party has best chances to get elected their mayors and councillors, in order to help them to prepare a special women's part of the campaign targeting women voters to learn how to instruct all candidates from their party list on how to jointly implement this part of the campaign DUI will do its best to target directly women voters. DUI agreed that for sure will propose at least one women candidate for Mayor (this is a political party that has at this moment the only Albanian women mayor in Macedonia); DUI will make efforts to have more that the legal minimum (30%) of women candidates for councillors; They concluded that there is a great necessity to train women activists in the party, they are well educated but there is a lack of self esteem and of practical political skills and knowledge needed for party's political and organizational work; Sonja Lokar will include the president of the Party WF and Ermira Mehmeti into all regional activities of the CEE Network for Gender Issues and send the contacts of this party women's organization also to the PES W in Brussels The organizational secretary will immediately send the instructions to all local party organizations to target women voters and to include at least one electoral promise concerning an important gender equality issue in their electoral program. He will also encourage them to look for the women candidates who are able to prepare concrete party policy on this issue and to work on its implementation after local elections; In February, when the party is planning to have regional training for the candidates, the party will organize Train the Trainer seminar for the women trainers who will organize and support women's part of the party campaign. The party will ask Karl Renner Institute from Austria to help them in this training and invite Sonja Lokar, too; Sonja Lokar will send the plan of WF of SDP in Croatia regarding gender mainstreaming in the party preparations for local elections in Croatia.

DPA Democratic Party of Albanians

DUI Democratic Union for Integration

Macedonia

SDSM Social Democratic Union of Macedonia

19

Communist Party of Moldova

Even though the Party Statute does not have a quota, it considers that the problems faced by women should be given the attention in the electoral platform of the party in the upcoming elections.

Democratic Party of Moldova

The leader appreciates the role of women and their activism within political parties. But women's organizations are still weak to influence decisions taken by the leadership of the party. As a result of 2 parties merging, each having their own womens organization, the aim now is to create and strengthen one strong and united womens organization.

Moldavia

Social Democratic Party of Moldova

The party is sensitive and open to viable solutions for problems faced by women, social problems. Women's promotion is a statutory commitment. There is a need for more activities oriented towards women, in order to involve them, to make them more active within the party. The party must give more attention to the women's organization.

SNP

Activities related to gender equality in the party for which they believe they could use the help and support of the GTF are: 1. Activities at a local level (training, working with womens associations and including men into these activities); 2. Working on forming partnerships with men in developing and forming party gender equality policy; 3. Exchange of experiences and examples of good practices that exists within the sister parties (examples from Vojvodina). They believe that based on the last election results, the time has come to discuss a 50% representation on the electoral list, following the principles of the ZIP system: 1 female, 1 male candidate. They believe that the established Forum network works well and that they can ensure, equally around the country, a sufficient numbers of women candidates for electoral lists and party elections. What was particularly interesting was their asking about the possibility of leaving the final Congress should the demands of the Womens Forum be rejected in relation to the women candidates that have been proposed Also interesting in the Female Government project for which they have proposed 16 candidates: they see this project as a marketing tool and an opportunity to draw the attention of the public to their fellow female members of the party. Among their problems, the participants have mentioned organizational problems and a lack of funds for the Womens Forum. They believe more information about their work should be published on the party website. They furthermore believe that 1 woman (president of the Forum) among 13 members of the Presidium of the party is not enough the fact that they were awarded one more seat the Presidium they dont find satisfactory. Out of 72 members of the Head Committee there used to be only 7 women, today there are 13; therefore, with all they have accomplished, they believe that they should and can ask for and get more. DPS is certainly oriented towards the implementation of gender equality within the party; they have presented findings according to which every fifth woman in Montenegro is ready to become actively involved in politics and believe that this presents a potential which should be taken advantage of. They also believe that they should organize a good network of women in the party and will begin working on that in the year 2009. They will implement good practices of addressing women in order to allow them to get involved in public and political life. It has been emphasized at the meeting that one should be mindful of the fact that gender equality is acknowledged even in the Political Parties Act (in Article 13) and that, as far as DPS is concerned, there is a need for a faster and firmer implementation of gender equality in the party as well as in the society.

SDP Social Democratic Party

Montenegro

DPS Democratic Party of Socialist

20

DS Party

Democratic

The central activities related to the development (and implementation) of the gender equality policy for which help and support are expected from the GTF are: 1. Working at a local level (training; identifying the domains of local governments jurisdiction from the point of view of gender equality; working with the womens forums while also including men local organs of the party); 2. Working on establishing partnerships with men in developing and formulating party gender equality policy 3. The exchange of experiences and examples of good practices which exist within the same party family (examples from Vojvodina) The following was agreed at the meeting: 1. Database on women members of the party will be set up; 2. A womens organization will be established within the party by the end of the year; 3. The programme documents of the womens organization will be drawn up and adopted; 4. Cooperation with womens organizations in villages and with NGOs will be established and issues on which joint actions may be undertaken will be identified; 5. Cooperation with the Municipal Gender Equality Commissions will be established; 6. Contact will be made with organizations and persons who might be able to share their experiences and examples of good practices related to issues that have, during this meeting, been identified as important for the advancement of gender equality. They would like to work on boosting the number of female members of the party and ask for assistance and support in order to achieve this. They ask for assistance on strengthening the position of female members of the party, especially those on the local level, and on their promotion and visibility in public. They believe that campaigns directed at female voters are necessary, adding two remarks: - the choice of themes and issues that will be at the centre of the campaign needs to be linked with the priorities of women voters (they believe it would be necessary to research, before and during the elections, which issues and themes do women voters find to be most important); - It is equally important that men also participate in the campaign, especially the leaders of the party, because apart from the message that is communicated, it is also important who communicates the message.

DZVM Democratic Union of Hungarian from Vojvodina

LSDV Social Democratic League of Vojvodina Serbia

21

Individual party interventions were very specific from party to party, in some cases these were huge training seminars, in others, much targeted consultations with a very small number of involved party leaders. The choice of the type of the intervention was always left to the party itself. The excerpts above clearly show, that party by party interventions in this project served in a different way to the parties at the different level of maturity in forming of their gender equality profile. Very few, the least mature parties, lost the opportunity, by using it only for the elementary analysis of the overall pitiful situation of women in the society and in their party. A number of the less mature parties used these interventions in order to start up serious awareness raising and organizational work with women members within their parties. While women organizations in the parties with longer tradition of gender equality work, used these interventions either for the serious strategic planning of their future gender equality oriented activities or profited from the presence of the GTF project team member or facilitator for action oriented consultations with their male party leaderships, in several cases in the framework of the forthcoming local or national elections. In this type of the parties these interventions served for the following improvements: Strengthening of party women efforts for the fairer share of women in decision making bodies within the party and in the society at all levels. Strengthening of the mandate, logistic and financial support to party women's organizations Bringing male party leaderships into the endeavour to start to target women voters and to form serious party supported gender equality policies. And this is exactly what GTF planned to achieve with this project!

22

6. GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PARLIAMENTARY PARTIES OF THE SEE STATISTICS AND COMMENT

In the following table below one can see the overall state of art regarding the attitude of the parties, participating this project and specific positive measures for gender equality they practice

Country

Party

Women organization in the party

Yes Yes Yes Yes

Quota in the Party Statute

Yes Yes Yes Yes

Quota in legislation

Gender Equality Policy in the Party

Yes, General declaration Yes, Special declaration Yes, Special Declaration Yes, Special declaration No No

Social Democratic Party

ALBANIA

Democratic Party Socialist Movement for Integration Socialist Party

Yes

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

HDZ 1990 - Croatian Democratic Union 1990 HDZ Croatia Coalition HNZ

No No It is in the process of being created Yes Yes

No No

PDP Party of Democratic Progress of RS SBiH Party for BiH SDA Party of Democratic Action SNSD Alliance of Independent Social Democrats from RS SDP BIH Social Democrat Party Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP)

No No No No Yes

Yes, Electoral law, article 4.19 of electoral law

No, Yes No No No

Yes Yes

BULGARIA

CROATIA

Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria GERB NMSS National Movement for Surge and Stability Union of Democratic Forces (UDF) HSLS Croatian Social Liberal Party SDP Social Democratic Party HDZ Croatian Democratic Union HNS Croatian Peoples Party-

Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes

Yes No No No No Yes No Yes Yes No

Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No

23

Liberal Democrats HSS Croatian Peasant Party

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No No No Yes No Yes

No No No No Yes

KOSOVO

LDK Democratic League of Kosovo PDK Democratic Party of Kosovo AKR Kosovo New Alliance AAK Alliance for the Future of Kosovo DPA Democratic Party of Albanians DUI Democratic Union for Integration SDSM Social Democratic Union of Macedonia VMRO-DPMNE

MACEDONIA

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No

No No Yes No Yes No No

MOLDOVA

Communist Party of Moldova Democratic Party of Moldova Social Democratic Party of Moldova

MONTE-EGRO

SNP-Social Liberal Party -

DPS Democratic Party of Socialists SDP Social Democratic Party

Yes, Association of women that is organized on 25.05.2008 No Yes

No

No

No No Yes No No

LSDV Social Democratic League of Vojvodina

Yes

No

Yes, Special
campaign led by female candidates during the elections special convention where female candidates have been presented,

SERBIA

Yes

DS Democratic Party Demokratska zajednica vojvoanskih maara (DZVM)

Yes

No

Yes No

No No

24

The table below shows that GTF was able to bring to this project nearly all most important political parties in this region.
6.1 Share of the seats in lower or single house of the parliament held by 35 parties which have participated in all the phases of the project

Facilitator

Country

Name of Political Party and initials:

Sociaist Democratic Party (SDP) Democratic Party (DP) Sociaist Movement for Integration (SMI) Sociaist Party (SP)

Share of the Parties in the Parliament

5 30 5,8 26

Jeta Katro

ALBANIA

HDZ 1990 - Croatian Democratic Union 1990 HDZ Croatia Coalition HNZ PDP Party of Democratic Progress of RS SBiH Party for BiH SDA Party of Democratic Action SNSD Alliance of Independent Social Democrats from RS SDP BIH Social Democrat Party Sonja Lokar Mirjana Penava

4,8

7 2,4 19 21,4 16,7 12

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria) NMSS National Movement for Surge and Stability Union of Democratic Forces (UDF) HNS Croatian Peoples Party-Liberal Democrats HDZ Croatian Democratic Union HSS Croatian Peasant Party SDP Social Democratic Party LDK Womens forum (FGLDK) Vjollca Kuqi KOSOVO PDK Democratic Party of Kosova AAK Alliance for the Future Stanimira Hadjimitova

34 14,6 it is not in the parliement 5,4 3,9 43,1 3,9 36,6 20,8 30,8 9,1

BULGARIA

Morana Pavlikovi Gruden

CROATIA

25

DPA Democratic Party of Albanians Savka Todorovska DUI Democratic Union for Integration SDSM Social Democratic Union of Macedonia

2,5 14,16 15 41,7

MACEDONIA

VMRO - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity

Communist Party of Moldova

54,5 10,9 13

Ecaterina Mardarovici

MOLDOVA

Democratic Party of Moldova Social Democratic Party of Moldova

SNP - Social Liberal Party

9,8

Marijana Pajvani Morana Pavlikovi Gruden

DPS Democratic Party of Socialists

40,7

MONTENEGRO

SDP Social Democratic Party

7,4

Morana Pavlikovi Gruden Marijana Pajvani

DS Democratic Party SRBIA DZVM - Democratic Union of Hungarian in Vojvodina LSDV Social Democratic League of Vojvodina

25,6 1,6 2

26

6.2 Percentage of women members in the Parliamentary Parties in the SEE

PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN MEMBERS IN THE PARLIAMENTARY PARTIES IN THE SEE

Country/Territory ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA1 CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10 No. of all included parties which gave some information 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 44 No. of parties which answered to this question 3 0 4 3 4 1 3 0 2 5 26 Share of women members - country average 20% N/A 41% 31% 44% 51% 46% N/A 44% 29% 38% party

Recommendation: Party membership is an obvious entry point for greater gender balance. Recruiting more women into parties should be a priority, and strategies for accomplishing this must be developed. This is a potential for future project work. Changing the numbers isnt a matter of simple arithmetic. Parties themselves need to change to become more friendly and appealing to women! From 2006, the share of the parties which were able to report on these figures seriously raised: from 55% of all parties included in the project in 2006, to slightly more than 72% in this project. In Albania, the percentage of women party members slightly improved, but stayed critically low, at only 20%. The overall average for 10 countries stayed nearly the same the average difference for 10 countries is only +1 percentage point. Recommendation: parties need support and encouragement to gather gender disaggregated statistics. The Gender Task Force Database in its current form since 2006, with some comparable information since 2002 is a useful way of encouraging parties as it helps them to compare with their sister and other parties. This database should be maintained

We include one party from Bulgaria which is not parliamentary party - Gerb (Citizens of the European Development in Bulgaria). This is a very popular new party in Bulgaria and it will become parliamentarian party on the next Parliamentarian elections. It already won the seats in the European Parliament and it has 27 % of Bulgarian MEPs. 27

6.3 Share of women in the party leadership

% OF WOMEN IN THE PARTY LEADERSHIP

Country/Territory No. of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 No. of parties which answered this questionnaire 4 6 4 5 3 2 3 4 2 5 38 Share women members in national executive party body-country average 26% 18% 24% 21% 12% 22% 25% 13% 13% 21% 19.5%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA Total

The share of the parties who were able to give us the figures on women in their national executive party leaderships has grown from 64% to 88% of all parties included in the two projects, but womens average share per country has dropped considerably in Serbia, Bulgaria, Kosovo (for 21, 19, and 10 percentage points respectively), in Moldova and BiH for 9 and 5 points, and the trend is negative also in Romania and Montenegro, while the trend is positive, but the improvements are very small in Croatia, Macedonia and Albania (+3, +2, +1 percentage point respectively).
Share of women in the party leaderships in each country

30% 26% 25% % of women 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%

% of women in the party leadership

25% 22% 21% 18% 12% 13% 13% 22% 21%

AL B B O AN SN IA I BU A & LG H A C RIA RO A KO TIA S M AC OV ED O O N M IA O M L O DO NT EN VA EG R R O O M AN SE IA R BI A

country/teritory

28

6.4 Quota for women in the party organs that exist in the party statute

Quota for women in the party organs

Country/Territory No. of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 No. of parties which answered 4 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 20 Share of women members in national executive party bodycountry average 26% 18% 24% 21% 12% 22% 25% 13% 13% 21% 20% Quota for party organs exists in the party statute 25% 35% No quota in party statute 40% 20% 30% 30% 30% No quota in party statute 30% 30%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

In all three positive cases, where the countries have more women in the party leaderships, we can prove the connection with the stronger or better respected quotas within the party statutes (Albania, Croatia), while the downturn is in close connection with the Non appliance (Serbia) or Non existence of the party quotas (Bulgaria).
6.5 Share of women presidents of the party

SHARE OF WOMEN PARTY PRESIDENTS

No. of all included parties 43 No. of parties which answered 43 No. of women presidents 2 WOMEN PRESIDENTS Territory/country 1 IN MACEDONIA 1 IN CROATIA

ura Adlei is a president of the Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS) and she is also a vice president in the Croatian Government Radmila ekerinska was at that moment still a president of the Social Democrat Union in Macedonia (SPSM). She has stepped down in the meantime, after her party lost early elections in summer of 2008. The trend with regard women party leaders is negative: the number of the women, presidents of the parliamentary parties dropped from already modest 6 to only 1 in the whole region!

29

6.6 Share of women vice presidents per country

PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN DEPUTY PRESIDENTS

Country/Territory No. of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 No. of parties which answered 4 6 2 5 4 2 2 4 1 5 35 Share of women/men in the party Women 3 2 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 6 18 men 4 11 2 7 9 4 7 4 1 8 57 Percentage of women deputy president average/country 43% 15% 50% 30% 11% 0% 13% 0% 0% 43% 21%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL

The trend here is also negative the number of women deputy party presidents in all 10 countries of the SEE region dropped from 23 to only 18
6.7 Share of women secretary general per country

SHARE OF WOMEN SECRETARY GENERAL

No. of all included parties No. of parties which answered No. of parties which have a women secretary general 6 PARTIES HAVE WOMEN SECRETARY GENERAL Territory/country 2 IN BIH 3 IN SERBIA MONTENEGRO 1 IN

43

33

In this field: Stagnation.

30

6.8 Comparison of Women Ministers in the period 1999-2008

% of women ministers
1999 Country/Territory Women/Total Ministries 2/17 0/12 3/16 2/18 N/A 5/26 0/20 0/22 1/15 4/36 17/182 Percentage % 11,8 0 18,8 11,1 N/A 19,2 0 0 6,7 11,1 9% 2008 Women/ Total Ministries 1/16 0/10 4/18 4/18 2/16 2/22 6/21 1/16 0/17 4/25 25/180 Percentage % 6,3 0,0 22,2 22,2 12,5 9,0 28,6 6,3 0,0 16,0 12%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

Kosovo there is one (16 %) women minister from Democratic League of Kosovo LDK and one (11%) women minister from Democratic Party in Kosovo (PDK). Bulgaria there are 4 women ministers - 40 % of women ministries from the National Movement for Stability and Progress (NDSV) and 53 % of women in the position for deputy prime minister also from NDSV. Croatia there are two women ministers (21, 42%) from the ruling party Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) including one Vice Prime Minister, and one Vice Prime Minister from the Croatian Liberal Party (HSLS) Serbia - there are two women minister(18%) from the Democratic Party of Serbia and two (50%) women ministers from the coalition party G17 plus. Albania There is 5,8% of Women Ministers from the Democratic Party in Albania Moldova-there is 35% of Women Ministers in Moldova from the party of Communists of the R. Moldova The trend with regard women ministers is positive, their share is growing, in spite of the fact that the number of all ministers in the governments of the region is slightly diminishing. This figure is very important indicator of the real change of the gender equality culture and attitude within the biggest parties. The improvement of the representation of women in the executive branch of the power at national level is entirely in the hands of the biggest parliamentary parties AFTER ELECTIONS, when they could afford to forget about their promises about their commitment to gender equality in politics. The shrinking overall number of ministers and the progress of the share and absolute number of women ministers make this step forward even bigger and more significant.

31

6.9 Average Share of Women MP-s

Women Member of Parliament (%)

Country/Territory Number of all included parties Number of parties which answered 5 7 3 5 4 2 2 4 2 5 39-91% Share of Women MPs country average from 39 parties 10,47% 10,03% 25,44% 16,37% 30% 32,5% 25% 11,88% 11,20% 26,44% 19,93% % of women MP-country average in 2008 In IPU data base 7,10% 11,90% 21,30% 21,50% 30% 30% 20,80% 12,30% 9,40% 20,40% 18,47%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43

This table demonstrates that the parties included in this GTF project in 2008/9 are a representative sample of parliamentary political parties their share of women MPs is only slightly better from the official results gathered by the IPU. The trend: Overall trend is stagnant, but mostly due to the big differences and opposite trends between the countries. In Albania and Montenegro the shares of women MPs are stagnating, in Romania and BiH they are going backwards, while in Kosovo, Macedonia, Serbia and Croatia these shares are progressing. It is important to take into account that in these last four countries, womens civil society movements are the most active and persistent. In Serbia, women in civil society established so called womens government, and succeeded to use the ministers of this government as weekly commentators of all important political issues in the biggest printed media. They have also started to form and to promote a data base of expert women potential women ministers which has already 200 names from all over Serbia, in Kosovo, womens informal caucus of MPs is working on further improvement of the quota regulations in order to help women to get elected Not only with the use of the reserved seats for 30% of the best voters supported women from each party, but also by getting equal share of eligible places on the party lists. In Croatia, the parliament has passed the 40% quota regulations in spring 2009, but they will become binding only after the third future general elections. Nevertheless these regulations became a good basis for the mounting pressure from several womens party organizations on the party leaderships to start to implement these quota rules earlier.
6.10 Percentage of Women Majors per countries

Women Mayors and Councillors (%)

Country/Territory ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA Number of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 Number of parties which answered 1 0 3 2 0 1 Share of Women Majors (%) country average 1% 0% 13% 12% n/a 0% Number of parties which answered 2 3 3 4 0 1 Share of Women Councillors (%) country average 15% 8% 32% 11% n/a 27%

32

MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

3 4 2 6 43

3 1 2 0 13

15% 5% 6% n/a 7,43%

3 1 2 4 23

25% 5% 14% 11% 16%

There is considerable improvement in the ability of the parliamentary parties to report about their share of women mayors and councillors (a little bit more than 30% of the parties reported about women mayors, and a little bit less than 50% about their women mayors). But the reported data about women mayors are still very low, and show No significant improvements. These data are the most important indicator of the weakness of women party organizations and their still very weak work with the women party members, activists and even their elected women councillors in the local governance. The trend of women becoming mayors of the capital cities also turned downwards. In mid 2000 the SEE region had a woman mayor of Athens, Belgrade, Zagreb and Ljubljana. Now, there is only one woman mayor of the capital city in the region Semiha Borovac, (SDABiH) in Sarajevo.
6.11 Organization of women within the parties

STATUS OF WOMENS ORGANISATIONS IN THE PARTIES

Country/Territory Number of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 Number of parties which answered 5 7 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 5 41 - 95% YES IN THE PROCESS NO

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

5 4 3 4 4 2 3 1 2 4 32 - 78%

1 1 - 2,5%

3 1 3 1 8 - 21%

There is an improvement in the share of the parties with a special womens organization in 2007 there were 72% of parliamentary parties with a special womens organization, now there are 78% of such parties. One such party, HDZ BIH, actually formed its organization with our direct support from this project! In the GTF second project of this kind, finished in 2007, only one party from Albania reported that its womens organization has a special budget line or its action plan funded from the party budget. This time, we have one such party from Moldova, one from Macedonia, one from Kosovo and two parties from Albania. The progress is too slow, and shows that the parties still neglect and marginalize their womens organizations.

33

6.12 Leader of the womens party organization member of the party executive

Women Party Organization Leader member of the party executive

No. of all included parties No. of parties which answered No .of parties which have Women leader member in the party executive

Country/Territory

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43

5 6 4 5 3 2 3 4 1 5 38

5 4 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 4 25 69 %

In 2007 only 19% of participating parties reported that the leader of the party womens organization is a member of the party national executive. In 2009 there are more than 50% of such parties, or 69% of those who reported on this issue.
6.13 Gender in party programmes/ policies

No. of parties which have Gender equality issues in the party Programs/policies
Country/Territory No. of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 No. of parties which answered 4 8 4 5 4 1 2 4 2 5 39-90% General Statement on Gender equality in its Program 7 3 5 4 2 3 1 5 31-81% Special declaration on Gender equality in its Program 4 1 3 4 2 1 1 2 18-47% Concrete Policy on Gender equality 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 14 -37%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

Parliamentary Parties which have concrete programs/polices for gender issues

There is a huge improvement in the formulation of party general gender equality programmatic statements - from 42% of the parties in 2007; their share has Now risen to 81% of such parties. Special declarations on gender equality are Now accepted in 47% of the parties, in 2007, there were only 21%, and we have 37% of the parties with specific gender equality policies, while in 2007 only 15% of the parliamentary parties did have them. 34

Regardless of this incredible progress in programmatic profiling of the parties on gender equality issues, the potential of parliamentary parties for campaigning and activities on specific gender equality issues remains extremely weak. In Macedonia, SDSM reported about its special gender equality focus in the last general election Campaign in June, 2008 In Romania, Democratic Liberal Party reported about its last campaign on Women s health Family Health In Moldova, the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova reported about the training organized for their Womens Organization members, the Democratic Party of Moldova named womens activities in the campaign for Local election June, 2007, and in parliamentary election in Gagauz-Yeri, in March, 2008 The parties from Croatia did Not specify which concrete political campaign they have had (they just said that they have them) The parties in Serbia - did Not specify which concrete political campaign they have organized (they just said that they have them) In Bulgaria, s Union of Democratic Forces (UDF) reported about the support they have organized for their women-candidates in the last Local elections Partnership and coalition building capacity of women party organizations GTF regional and national strategies for political empowerment of women were built upon three concepts: The concept of consensus building, The concept of wide cross-cutting issue coalitions The concept of sandwich strategy (triggering of the combination of top down international pressure for gender equality and women human rights, and bottom up pressure built upon strong national womens movements or issue coalitions). This is why GTF continues its efforts to encourage all womens party organizations to strengthen themselves through networking and strategic cooperation with Trade Unions, gender equality experts, women human rights organizations, other political party womens organizations and state mechanisms for gender equality.
6.14 Coalition and lobbying capacity

No. of parties which have partnership-coalition capacity of the party womens organizations
We cooperate with women activists in Trade Union 0 1 1 1 We cooperate with gender equality experts 4 1 1 4 1 We cooperate with women human rights NGOs 5 2 1 3 1 We cooperate with other political party organizations 4 1 3 1 We cooperate with state gender equality mechanisms 5 1 1 1 1

Country/Territory

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA

35

MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

1 1 5 - 12%

1 1 1 14 - 33%

3 1 1 17 - 40%

3 1 1 14 - 33%

2 1 12- 28%

In 2007, only 9% of the women organizations within parliamentary parties reported on their cooperation with Trade Unions, 14% with experts, 19% with women human rights NGOs, 14% with other womens party organizations, and only 8% with the state gender equality mechanisms. In 2008/9 the situation is still very bad with TU, but the cooperation with all other potential partners has been significantly improved more than doubled. The biggest progress can be seen in improved cooperation with the state gender equality mechanisms. This is a serious sign that the governments started to understand that the parties are the main obstacle but also the potential locomotive for the improvement of gender equality aspects of parliamentary democracy.
6.15 Affiliations in European Party Families

STATUS WITH EU PARTY GROUPINGS (member, associated or observer)

Country/Territory No. of all included parties 5 8 4 5 4 2 3 4 2 6 43 EPP PES ELDR Total affiliated per country 4 4 4 5 2 2 0 0 1 3 25 58%

ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA TOTAL:10

1 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 12 - 28%

3 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 - 16%

0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 6 - 14%

In 2008 one can see a considerable improvement of the international affiliation of parliamentary parties from the region in the EPP. At the same time the interest of the parliamentary parties for the affiliation in the PES group has fallen, while the affiliation in the ELDR group stays the same. It is difficult to judge, how much this development is due to the gravitation of the EPP and PES towards the similar program placed in all catch targeting political centre and how much it is due to the still rather undefined, very opportunistic ideological profile of many parliamentary parties in the region, where the change of ideological affiliation depends on very prosaic and pragmatic considerations of the party leaderships.
Recommendation: Sister Parties and their womens organizations can play a significant role in reinforcing the message of increased womens participation. As more parties gain membership in European party groups and participate in their events, this will help the parties overall respect for gender equality. Interventions from these groups towards their member parties who are making little or no progress (even deteriorating) would be useful and could be a joint activity of the future project.

36

7. AFTER THE END OF THE PROJECT

One of the main indicators for the success of the GTFs work is the ability of our partners in this case parliamentary parties, to take action on their own, after the project. In other words, sustainability.

7.1 Outcomes of the project in Albania- Quota enacted in Albania Election

outcomes? In Albania, the GTF and its partners in the parties as well as in the civil society have been struggling for political empowerment of women from 2000. It seemed with no results. The representation of women in the parliament, in the government and on local level stayed critically low, as well as the percentage of women members in political parties. The breakthrough was made when both strongest parties finally accepted to deal with gender equality issues in a serious way. . The most significant step in increasing womens presence in decision-making was the recent adoption of the law Gender Equality in Society in July 2008, which includes a 30% quota in appointed and elected positions; and the adoption of a 30% quota in the Electoral Code in November 2008. With these changes, particularly in the electoral code, all political parties were supposed to ensure that a minimum 30% representation of women was put forward as candidates in both national and local elections, with mild sanctions against the parties which do not meet these minimum standards. Due to these changes, Albania has recently reached 15 % of female seats in the national assembly (elections 28 June 2009: socialists 18.4 %, democrats: 13.2 %), thus exceeding 7.1 % female representations of the previous National Assembly. The lack of the strong placement rules for electoral lists and the weak penalties related to the implementation of the quota in the electoral processes, no doubt limited the eligibility of women candidates, however. Well organized pressure of the women from civil society organizations for the first time also gave positive results regarding the status of gender issues and brought this issue also in the electoral debate. The main Albanian political parties introduced gender issues in their electoral platforms of the 2009 campaign prioritizing equal treatment of both men and women in the work place, education, bank credits and health issues, instituting thus new policy barriers for gender related discrimination.

7.2 Outcomes of the project in Bosnia and Herzegovina

After the consultative meeting with the GTF facilitator, Mirjana Penava, women from the Party for BiH, (SBIH) with the sincere support of the party leadership, made further steps to mainstream gender equality in their Party. They have analyzed the legislation regulating party financing, positive measures for gender equality within the parties, as well as in electoral legislation of the countries of the SEE region, in order to prepare and start the formal procedure for the most acceptable proposals for the changes of the party Statute. This party asked to stay in permanent contact with the GTF facilitator, in order to be able to exchange information and ideas. By the decision of the Party Central Council of the HDZ BiH, the president of the party womens organization was made a member of the Party Presidency, and party Womens Community got a special line in the party budget. These changes will be made formal on the forth coming party Assembly as well as the conclusion of the Central Council that the Statute of this party should be amended in accordance with the domestic and international gender 37

equality legislation. In this context 15 articles of the party Statute will be amended or included as new articles for the first time. On the initiative of the group of participants in the GTF project, coming from the Party of Democratic Action BiH (SDA), the Presidency and the Main Council of this party have accepted to change the Party Electoral Process Rules. Inter alia the quota was introduced of a minimum of 30% of women to be elected in all party decision making bodies at all levels, as well as automatic inclusion of the womens party organization presidents into party executive bodies at all levels. At the Party Congress in May 2009, all electoral procedures in the party followed these changed rules. A very important outcome of this project is also in the changed attitude of the Gender Centre of the Federation of BiH (the government mechanism for gender equality), which started to consult on a regular basis and to invite the GTF facilitator for BiH to all public discussions connected with the preparations of the insight and recommendations aimed at all respective institutions in BiH, concerning the implementation of point G Women in power and decision making of the Beijing Declaration in the BiH National Plan of Action. This facilitator was asked to join the working group when the participants in the GTF project Gender mainstreaming in parliamentary parties in the SEE region informed the leaders of the Gender Centre for BiH and their team about their satisfaction with the high quality of the project activities and useful knowledge they have got from it.

7.3 Outcomes of the project in Bulgaria

Some follow up party gender equality trainings were held in the spring of 2009, which were ordered by the parties themselve: the Sofia Region organization of the liberal party Movement for Rights and Freedoms (MRF), which is part of the ruling coalition and which didn't agree to take part in the project in May conversations was the surprice in this aspect. Their new, young regional party leader found himself Mrs. Hadjimitova asking for a special help in January for establishment of women's party organization within the Sofia Region party structure. The one day training was held March 7, 2009. The women from the political party GERB organized 2 additional seminars in Stara Zagora and Bourgas and one meeting in the town of Gabrovo, inviting Mrs. Hadjimitova as a lector. The Stara Zagora training was organized on January 23, by the European Info center of Mrs. Roumiana Jeleva who was deputy of the European Parliament. More than 50 party members and local leadres men and women, took active part in the discussions. On March 30, the women's party organization from Bourgas invited its members from Sliven and Yambol and organized the seminar dedicated to the topics women's role in politics and gender equality policy.

In 2009 year Bulgaria was in a special situation - EU and national elections were held in a two month difference. Women rights' NGO-s and women organizations in main political parties worked hand in hand on gender aspects of the EU and national electoral campaign. On March 7, 2009, Representation of EC in Bulgaria, helped Center of Women Studies and Policies to organize a big national conference of women activists in order to discuss forthcoming EU elections and the EWL 50-50 Campaign. Stanimira Hadjimitova GTF Focal Point, presented the model of the parallel women's NGO electoral campaign, which was part of the project. Bulgarian Fund for Women established a special gender equality&elections blog on the internet in order to reach out to the young voters. 38

Women's movement in Bulgaria tried to use these electoral times for discussing and lobbying for the improvement of the Law for Protection of Domestic Violence. On April 10th 2009 an important ammendment was adopted by the Parliament: the Artical 296 (1) of the Criminal Code incriminated the the non-execution of Legal Protection Order.

7.4 Outcomes of the project in Croatia - SDP Gender Sensitive Electoral Program for
Local Elections Declaration of the 8th Reporting Thematic Assembly of the Croatian Social Democratic Party Women's Forum We, the social democratic women, members of the Women's Forum of the Croatian Social Democratic Party (SDF), gathered at the Eighth Reporting-Thematic Assembly of the SDP's Women's Forum with the motto Women are the strength of local communities Wish to point out the need for Active involvement of women in bringing progress to their local communities. Women's contribution to sustainable development at all levels in Croatia has not been acknowledged nor suitably evaluated. This is why SDF members will continue supporting women's involvement in political decision making at all levels, creation of conditions necessary for employment and self-employment of women, creation and implementation of developmental and social programs at local and regional levels, which will tap the potential of women in those communities and improve everyone's living conditions; Application of the principle of gender mainstreaming (introduction, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of gender sensitive policies at all levels). Policies aimed at education, health, social services, ecology, culture etc. are especially important for women and lay in the sphere of responsibility of local and regional authorities. Members of SDF call for cooperation in shaping local policies and open community, dialog with citizens, appreciation of differences and creation of a socially just and developmentally focused environment; identification of the causes of economic and social insecurity and its effect on the quality of life of the vulnerable social groups and the creation of an inclusive society - a society of equal opportunities; Coordinated activities in combating all kinds of violence, creating a safe environment, promoting citizen activism and involvement in tackling problems which afflict everyone in our communities. Members of SDF support educational and informational activities, advocating prevention before repression; And call for Application of the principle of gender equality in creating SDP programs and policies at local and regional level. Members of SDF wish to contribute by proposing a gender sensitive program titled Women are the Strength of Local Communities; adherence to gender quotas set by the SDP at least 40 % of members of both genders at party lists for local and regional elections; 39

promotion of the parity principle in political decision making at all levels

8. Summary of Project Recommendations

1. The problem of the lack of consistent knowledge about the position and activities of the women in parliamentary parties and how their activism influences the progress of gender equality of their countries is wide spread in the EU member states as well as in the wider Europe. In 2009, European Commission has finally put in place its new Gender Equality Institute. GTF suggests that this Institute starts to build this much needed data base. GTF expects that this data base will include also all EU neighbouring, candidate and accession countries, taking into account not only the standard approach used in the EC data base on women in politics, but also the expertise and pioneering work done by the International Idea Institute for Democracy from Stockholm, IPU, OSCE ODIHR, EWL, and womens networks of political families in the European parliament, CEE Network for Gender Issues, and last, but not least, GTFs efforts in the last 10 years in the SEE region. 2. In the SEE region, the funding for capacity building, and even more, the know how about party development in the SEE region, coming from different international political foundations, are crucial. In most of the cases this is the only money and the only source of knowledge in these parties spent and invested into capacity building of the party members, activists and even functionaries. In the numerous and not badly funded interventions of political foundations in the future EU member states, the work for political empowerment of women in political parties is still underestimated by most of them. It is done sporadically and at random, mostly based on the weak demand from the sister parties from these countries, where women in the parties are still not in the position to prepare independently the programs for their own capacity building. GTF suggests that in the follow up activities to this project, GTF organizes a special conference with all relevant political foundations who already work in the SEE region on the issue of gender aspects in their democracy building work with political parties. It would be good to try to earmark a certain percentage of the funding that different political foundations spent for ideological and programmatic profiling and democracy building within their sister parties in all future EU member states for the capacity building and activities of women and their party organizations 3. Throughout this decade long GTF work with political parties it became crystal clear that for the progress of gender equality in the parties, the support of the party leader (and most of the parliamentary parties' leaders are men), and his closest collaborators (again these persons are mostly men, and a few of mostly not too gender equality sensitive women) are essential. Any future project for political empowerment of women within political parties should especially target male party leaders. GTF suggests the organization of regional seminars on gender equality only for the male party leaders from the SEE region, with the EC gender equality experts and party leaders of their sister parties in the EU, who lead successful parliamentary parties and have the best gender equality records. It would be a great encouragement for the male party leaders from the SEE region to hear from their successful colleagues from their EU sister parties, how the focus on gender equality have helped them and their parties to become politically stronger and to make the support to their parties in the electorate more sustainable. 4. Quotas for party organs as well as for electoral lists are still very important and the only proven effective tool for the levelling of participation in politics. They are necessary, but not enough to solve all the problems women still have in the parties. 40

Parties should increase the resources (financial, logistic and male leaders support) given to party womens organization, to invest more in the building of women activists and leaders. (Kosovo suggests improving the laws on parties in a way that the parties have to give a percentage of their funding coming from the public budgets for the autonomous functioning of the womens party organizations and capacity building of women party members.)It is of crucial importance that parties in each county find out gender equality issues that they are capable and willing to build a consensus upon them, and to be aware of the ones that they will compete on them. The issue of equal political representation of women is the most important issue where the consensus between the decisive parties is an absolute must. It is in the interest of all parliamentary parties to have vibrant, strong and independent civil society movement for women human rights, including lively NGO-s dealing with equal political participation of women and men. In the governmental and parliamentarian plans for implementation of gender equality, and in the state budget, sufficient funding should be earmarked and used for the work of these NGO-s. It is prime time for all the parties to start to use their womens organizations as a think tank which should develop specific gender equality politics and as the base of experts and cadres who will work on them in different ways when the party is in power or in opposition. These policies should be integrated into the overall party policies, electoral promises and governmental priorities. Womens party organizations need capacity building in order to be capable to form consistent and activity based proposals of such policies and to open negotiations between party leadership and womens party organization on how the party as a whole will work on them. 5. State electoral commissions should publish gender segregated data about candidates, elected persons and voters. 6. Invest in gender equality training of all party leaders and activists. Special attention has to be given to gender equality training of the new party members and young party activists, women and men alike. 7. Include gender awareness elements in the civic education at all levels of public education 8. Insure more international and national budgetary resources and long term funding for the massive awareness raising campaigns targeting women and young voters similar to the campaign of the OSCE in BiH We are more numerous in the end of the nineties or Women Can Do It One GTF campaigns in early 2000 in 12 countries of the SEE region. 9. Party membership is an obvious entry point for greater gender balance. Recruiting more women into parties should be a priority, and strategies for accomplishing this must be developed. This is a potential for future project work. Changing the numbers isnt a matter of simple arithmetic. Parties themselves need to change to become more friendly and appealing to women! 10. Parties need support and encouragement to gather gender disaggregated statistics. The Gender Task Force Database in its current form since 2006, with some comparable information since 2002 is a useful way of encouraging parties as it helps them to compare with their sister and other parties. This database should be maintained 11. Sister Parties and their womens organizations can play a significant role in reinforcing the message of increased womens participation. As more parties gain membership in European party groups and participate in their events, this will help the parties overall respect for gender equality. Interventions from these groups towards their member parties who are making little or no progress (even deteriorating) would be useful and could be a joint activity of the future project 41

Appendices
Appendix 1. Table of Parties Visited May-June 2008

Country
BULGARIA

Political party
NMSSNational Movement Simeon the Second Party UDFBulgarian Union of Democratic Forces GERB not in the Parliament BSP-Bulgarian Socialist Party

Persons present from the party

Anelia Atanasova, MP, Chair of women's NGO Liberal Women's Network; Vessela Draganova Deputy Chair of the party parliamentary group; Leader of the Party of Bulgarian Women Lubov Panayotova Deputy Chair of UDF; Yulia Tzinzova chair of Women's Union; Antoaneta Hristova International Secretary Tzvetomir Paunov Administrative Secretary; Monika Panajotova Chair of Youth party organization Katya Nikolova, Member of party Ex. Bureau and Chair of women's organization; Atanas Merjanov MP; Deputy chair of parliamentarian group; Antonia Petrova expert in women's organization Nikolay Svinarov MP, Party Chair; Lidia Shuleva MP, Deputy party Chair Dimitar Dimitrov, MP Mr. Cristian Busoi, Member of European Parliament

Date place
May 28th, Parliament

and GTF Person

Stanimira Hadjimitova

BULGARIA

May 29th, Party premises

Stanimira Hadjimitova

BULGARIA BULGARIA

May 29th, Party premises May 30th, Party premises

Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova

BULGARIA

BULGARIA ROMANIA

Bulgarian New Democracy (BND) new party, split from NMSS ATAKA PNL-National Liberal Party this is the ruling party together with UDMR PSD-Social Democrat Party PD-L Liberal Party PCRM Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova Democratic Party of Moldova
CDPP ChristianDemocratic People's PParty

May 30th, Party premises in the Parliament

Stanimira Hadjimitova

Parliament
June 2nd, 2008 Party Head office

Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova

ROMANIA ROMANIA

Petru Ioan Solomon PR department officer Sulfina Barbu Chair of the women's organizationconversation by phone; Elena Udrea Secretary Executive of the Party meeting with her secretary Djina Elena Bodanarenco, Deputy of Parliament, Committee of Public Administration and Regional Development; Galina Balmos Minister of Social Protection, Family and Child; Chair of women's party group Valentina Buliga, Party Vice-president; MP Chair of the Social Committee; Chair of party women's organization ; Ecaterina MardaroviciGTF NGO Focal Point Adriana Chiriac, MP; Monica Babuc Advisor of the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament, who is the Party leader; Chair of party women's organization Eduard Musuc Party Chair Oncea Olga International Relations Secretary

June 3-rd Party Head office June 3-rd; Party Head office June 4th, Party premises in Parliament

Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova

MOLDOVA

MOLDOVA

June 4th, Party premises in Parliament June 5-th, Party premises in Parliament June 5th; Premises Chisinau of

Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova

MOLDOVA MOLDOVA

PSD - Social Democratic Party

42

MOLDOVA KOSOVO KOSOVO

Party Alliance Our Moldova AAK-Alliance for the Future of Kosovo PDKDemocratic Party of Kosovo AKR - New Kosovo Alliance LDK Democratic League of Kosovo SDSM - Social Democratic Union of Macedonia DUI Democratic Union for Integration DPA Democratic Party of Albania
VMRODPMNE

Serafim Urechean Party Leader Mr. Ahmet Isufi Deputy President of AAK, Mrs. Sebahate Grajcevci Chair of Women's Forum Flora Brovina, MP, Chair of Women's Parliamentary group; Shpresa Murati, Deputy Chair of women's party org. Njomza Emini, MP Melihate Termkolli, MP,Women's Forum of LDK President; Samije Zeqiraj Women's Forum vice-president Mr. Jani Makraduli, Vice President of SDSM; Cvetanka Ivanova, MP, Chair of Women's Club Naile Elezi President of Women's Forum

Municipality June 5th; Party premises in Parliament June 9th, Party premises June 10th, Parliament, Women's parliamentary group premises June 10th Parliament June 10th; Party premises June 12th, Party premises June 12th, SOJM premises June 12th, June 13th June 12th; Party premises in Parliament June 13th; May 29, headquarters the party May 29, headquarters the party May 29 Parliament May 29 Parliament premised Podgorica May 27 headquarters the party May 27 headquarters the party May 27 headquarters the party of of

Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova, Vjollca Kuqi Stanimira Hadjimitova,Vjo lca Kuqi Stanimira Hadjimitova Vjollca Kuqi Stanimira Hadjimitova Savka Todorovska Stanimira Hadjimitova Savka Todorovska Stanimira Hadjimitova Savka Todorovska Stanimira Hadjimitova Savka Todorovska Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Rukavina Cipeti n Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti

KOSOVO KOSOVO

MACEDONIA

MACEDONIA

MACEDONIA

Numerous tel. conversations with Flora Kadril MP and Merale Ferati done; 2 meetings appointed with them they didn't come. Silvana Boneva, MP, Chair of Parliamentary group Kosana Mazneva, MP, Chair of Women's Forum, former minister of urban planning

MACEDONIA

MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO

SNP- Socialist People Party PzPMovement for Change DPS Democratic Party of Socialist SDP Social Democratic Party SDP BIH Social Democrat Party SDA Party of the Democratic Action SBIH Party for BIH

Sneana Jonica , General secretary of the Main board Izidora Damjanovi, representative of Women Net of PzP Miodrag Miko Vukovi, member of the party presidency, member of the Committee for Constitution and Legislation ,Parliament of Montenegro Rifat Rastoder, vice-president of the SDP party

MONTENEGRO

An -

of of

BIH

Mirjana Mali, member of the party presidency Alma Bandi, lan Member of the Cantonal Committee of the Party of Democratic Action of Tuzla Canton Aida iki, president of Women SBIH

BIH

of

BIH

of

43

BIH

BIH BIH

HDZ 199 Croatian Democratic Union 1990 HDZ Croatia Coalition PDP Party of the Democratic Progress of RS SDS Serbian Democratic Party of RS

Boo Ljubi, president of the party (HDZ 1990)

Lidija Bradara, member of the party presidency Mio Relota, party spokesperson Diana eki, delegate in National Assembly of RS,Republic of Srpska Dragana Toma, member of the National Assembly of RS,-Republic of Srpska Sneana Boi, member National Assembly of RS,Republic of Srpska, member of committee for gender equality Nada Teanovi, member of the National Assembly of RS,-Republic of Srpska Danijela Injac and Ivka Risti, member of the National Assembly of RS,-Republic of Srpska, president of the Committee of equal abilities Draen Breglec, vice president of the party
Slavica Jakobovi Fribec, Chair of the committee for Human Rights

May 27, Ministry of Communisation and Transport May 28 headquarters of the party June 3 National Parliament of RS June3 headquarters the party of

Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti

BIH

BIH

CROATIA

CROATIA

SNSD Alliance of Independent Social Democrats from RS HSLS Croatian Social Liberal Party SDP Social Democratic Party
HDZ Croatian Democratic Union

June 3 headquarters the party

of

Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti

CROATIA

Andrea Latinovi, Public Relations of HSLS Milanka Opai,vice president of the party Mirjana Feri Vac, member of the main board, president of the SDP Womens Forum, vice president of socialist international women Ivan Jarnjak, General secretary of the party

June 10, headquarters the party June 13, Parliament Zagreb

of

Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Sonja Lokar, Perii Sonja Lokar, Perii

CROATIA

CROATIA

HNS Croatian Peoples Party-Liberal Democrats HSS Croatian Peasant Party DS Democratic Party
SPS Socialist Party of Serbia

Radimir ai, president of the HNS Morana Palikovi Gruden, member of the Central committee of the HNS party Marija Ledinski, member of the party presidency, member of the main board of the party, president of Women organization of HSS Gordana omi vice president of the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia, President of Women Forum Miladinovi Stefana, advisor at the main board of SPS, vice president of the Women Council of SPS Jovana Stamenovi, vice-president of the Women Council of SPS Vesna Mati Ukrainovi, advisor, Main board-SPS Nataa Mii, member of Women forum LDP Judita Popovi , member of Women forum LDP Ivana Duli Markovi, deputy president of the party Ana Bukva, vice-president of Women Forum G17 Jadranka Beljan Blaban Ivica Koji, chief of the cabinet of the president of the Party

June 12 Headquarters of the party in Zagreb June 13, headquarters of the party in Zagreb June 12, headquarters of the party in Zagreb June, 10 National Assembly of Serbia, Beograd June 11 headquarters of the party in Beograd June 11 headquarters the party Beograd June 11 headquarters the party in Beograd of in of

SERBIA

Nataa

SERBIA

Nataa

SERBIA

LDP Liberal Democratic Party G 17 Plus

Sonja Lokar, Nataa Perii Sonja Lokar, Perii Nataa

SERBIA

44

SERBIA

SERBIA

ALBANIA ALBANIA

LSDV Social Democratic League of Vojvodina SVS Hungarian Union from Vojvodina Socialist Movement for Integration Socialist Party

Nada Lazi, vice president of the Party

andor Pal, president of the Party

ALBANIA ALBANIA ALBANIA

Social Democratic Party Republican Party Democratic Party

Filloreta Kodra, vice president of the party Erisa Xhixho, president of the party youth organization Edlira Haxhigmeri, party Secretary for Equal Opportunities; Ermina Danaj, president of the National Coordination of the Women of the Socialist Party Skender Gjinushi, party president, Teodor Osoja, party Secretary for International Affairs Artur Hasanbelliu, MP, party secretary for foreign affairs Lajla Pernaska, MP, president of the parliamentary commission for gender equality

June 12, headquarters of the party In Beograd June 12, headquarters of the party in Beej May 26, 2008, party premises in Tirana May 27, 2008, party premises In Tirana May 27, 2008 Party premises in Tirana Republican Party
May 27, 2008, parliament party group premises

Sonja Lokar, Perii Sonja Lokar, Perii

Nataa

Nataa

Sonja Lokar, Jeta Katro Sonja Lokar, Jeta Katro Sonja Lokar, Jeta Katro Sonja Lokar, Ieta Katro Sonja Lokar, Jeta Katro

45

Appendix:2 Short CV-s of the facilitators:

Jeta Katro Beluli Jeta Katro Beluli is the president of Millennium Women Network, a network of 40 women's organization focusing mostly on political, economic and social status of women and the executive director of IWDA (Institute of Development Alternatives for Women). She is a researcher and co-author of several books among which: - Institutional Mechanisms and the Status of Women in Albania - Prostitution and Trafficking of Human Beings in Albania - Gender Gap to Economic Opportunities - Women's Human rights, the Canon and the Community - Adolescence - A Review of Government Social Policies Seen from Gender Prospective. She is also the author of several TV talk shows and articles regarding women and gender issues in the media as well as the co-author of the national strategy for women/gender issues in 1997 and 2007. Jeta Katro Beluli is very active in women's movement at global, regional and national level and has given her contribution to this movement.

Professor PHD Marijana Pajvani Born in 1946 in Subotica, professor on the Law Faculty of Novi Sad, lecturing on constitutional, parliamentary, electoral law, constitutional judiciary, constitutional court protection of human rights. Author of several monographies and many text books, among others also many specialized texts on gender equality. She has prepared the proposals for gender equality mechanisms in Serbia, she was a member of the experts team formulating the mandate of the special ombuds on gender equality and a member of the team that the President of Serbia has formed for the preparation of the new Serbian Constitution and she proposed gender related articles of the Constitution. She was a member of the team which elaborated national action plan for gender equality in Serbia; she also initiated regional cooperation on gender sensitive articles of the Constitutions in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro and worked as an expert on these articles in all these countries. Member of Serbian and world Associations for Constitutional Law Member of the European Association for Electoral Law Reward of the Vojvodina Executive Council for gender equality Minister of Justice in the Womens Government Rewarded by the Danish Foreign Ministry with the torch for the results in implementation of the third Millennium Gaol on gender equality in the filed of science.

Mirjana Penava Born in 1949, in Vare, Bosnia and Herzegovina, graduated German language and literature in 1975, finishing many international (UNDP, OSCE, GTF, USAID, World learning, OXFAM, ) courses for trainers and facilitators on gender equality issues. She works as executive director of the NGO Forma F. She was a part of the team of the Agency for gender equality which put together national action plan for gender equality in BiH and of the governmental state plan for women in decision making. She has coordinated national activities in BiH of the following GTF regional projects: Social dialogue and gender equality in TU of Montenegro and BiH, and served as a national trainer in all three rounds of GTF Women Can Do It regional projects from 2000-2003 In 2005 she received the reward of Madeleine Albright for the successful campaign for the enactment of the Law for protection of families with children.

46

Morana Palikovi Gruden, Born in 1943. Zagreb, Croatia; political scientist, Graduated at University of political science in Zagreb; fluent in French, English, German, experienced TV and printed media journalist, since 1994 owner and editor of magazine Zaposlena; since 2005.President of consulting for publishing firm Zaposlena d.o.o. She was a member of Croatian parliament (1986-1990). As a member of liberal democratic party called Croatian National Party, she was a Deputy of Mayor of the city of Zagreb and a president of the City Assembly of Zagreb (professional functions), today she is a vice president of Croatian National Party and town councillor in the City Assembly of Zagreb, President of Committee for national (ethnic) minorities of the Assembly of the city of Zagreb, Member of the Commission for equality on gender, from 2001.-2009. In the eighties she was a president of the TU in Vjesnik, president of the Womens Initiative, member of the GTF advisory Board from its inception in 1999, now president of the Croatian Skating Federation, member of the Croatian Olympic Committee, and President of the Club of representatives of CNP in term of office 2005.2009.She was working also as national consultant, trainer and facilitator in most of the regional GTF projects.

Savka Todorovska Born in 1943 in Veles Macedonia, high education chemical analyst, initially working for 10 years in her profession in heavy industry, than for 20 years as professional radio and press journalist. Fluent in Serbian, Croatian, Bulgarian, Albanian and modest in English. Founder and president of the grass roots NGO association National Council of Women of Macedonia UWOM Project manager and Coordinator of many programs and projects within the UWOM, Member of the Executive Committee of the WOCCU, Member of the Advisory Committee of the program for empowerment of womens NGOs in ICMC, NGO Focal point in SP GTF for Macedonia, Initiator and supporter of foundation of many international coalitions and network (Karat Coalition, CIPE, Kegme Coalition etc) Delivering consultancy services for the drafting of the National Action Plan for Gender Equality, Law for equal opportunities between women and men, as well as for other relevant documents in Macedonia. Initiator and supporter of the establishment of Gender Mechanisms at national and local level (Gender Equality Department in 1998 and Equal Opportunities Commissions at municipal level). Initiator and supporter of establishment and foundation of many NGOs in Macedonia, especially within the womens movement (Macedonian Womens Lobby, Womens Parliamentarian Caucus and local womens organizations throughout Macedonia). Expert Trainer on Gender and Development MCIC, SP GTF and Expert for social development UNESCO certificate. She was a coordinator and trainer in all GTF projects for political parties in Macedonia.

Vjollca Kuqi Born in 1970 in Gjakove, Kosova graduated from Prishtina University in 1994, for the theme Nansen Dialogue conflict resolution, in 2007, masters degree from Planning and management of cooperation and training activities in CEE and in the Balkans, University of Padova, Italy. Coordinator for psychosocial program ADRA International (1999) Project manager for NGO.VITA (1999/2006) Board member; PR person for womens network Qeliza (2002/present) Consultations and supporting parents of children with special needs, minority Coordinating PR activities for the Womens Network of NGOs of Gjakova, Kosova Implementing various projects regarding empowering Roma women and children status regarding education, political life and participation of women in decision making positions in Kosovo. Strengthening of the advocacy component of the new regional project through GTF Stability Pact which includes SEE European countries. She served as NGO focal point person for the implementation of all regional GTF projects at the level of Kosova . (2003/present) Stanimira Hadjimitova Stanimira Hadjimitova graduated from the Technical University in Sofia as Engineer in and has a specialization in International Economic Relations from the Economic University of Sofia. Her carrier passed from Chief export specialist in Machinoexport Trade Co. through 8-year partnership in two private companies for export of professional tools and instruments and agricultural products to founder, manager and expert in two NGOs working on gender equality issues.

47

As civil society activist she participated in numerous international events connected with the global womens movement, like the NGO Forum at the IV-th UN Conference on Women, Beijing, 1995; NGO Working Session and ECE Regional Preparatory Meeting on the Review of the implementation of the Beijing Plus Five, Geneva, Jan. 2000 and the New York Preparatory Committee, March, 2000, etc. She trains Gender Mainstreaming in political parties; Social change theory and MTC Tool for its assessment; Gender Analyses and Gender Mainstreaming; How to Start Small Business for unemployed women; How to Export for women entrepreneurs; Fundraising techniques and methods. She was an expert in: the Bulgarian NGO womens group created the Recommendations to the Bulgarian Government for achieving real gender equality, in connection with the Beijing +5 Review; the Working Group set by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs for elaboration of Bulgarian Equal Opportunity Draft Law, June 2000 - January 2001; UNIFEM mission in Moldova on elaboration of Equal Opportunity Law in 2002; the international EU Project Labour Market and Entrepreneurship. Overcoming Gender Stereotypes, led by AFFAEME, Spain, 2005- 6; and worked as a researcher in the international team under the EU Project Men Equal, Men Different part of the Bulgarian Ministry of Labour and Social Policy team Publications: Labour Market and Entrepreneurship Overcoming Gender Stereotypes A Trans-national Action Plan Promoted by Business Women and Gender Equality Organizations a team, AFAEMME, 2006 Survey on Womens Entrepreneurship and the Role of Women for the Economic Transformation in Bulgaria a team, UNDP, ILO, FED, Sofia, 2000 Membership of professional bodies: Bulgarian NGO Focal Point to the Stability Pact Gender Task Force; Member of AWID; Member of the Civil Council to the Parliamentarian Committee on Civil Society Issues (2001-May 2005); Advisor for the Global Fund for Women, San Francisco, USA since May 2001 Stanimira Hadjimitova is today a Director of Gender Project for Bulgaria Foundation and President of the Bulgarian Fund for Women. The aims of this seminar were: To prepare the facilitators to understand better their obligations regarding the Sub-regional meetings and party seminars To exchange their experiences and insights in order to better understand the position and problems of women politicians, helping them in this way to better answer to the needs of women in parliamentary political parties To agree on the agenda and create together specific materials and methodology for their work on the Subregional meetings and party by party interventions

48

Appendix 3: GTF Facilitators seminar Agenda, Trogir, Croatia

GTF PROJECT: GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PARLIAMENTARY PARTIES II, 2008 GTF FACILITATORS SEMINAR - AGENDA TROGIR, CROATIA 27.8-31.8. 2008 AGENDA Timing 27. 8. 2008 All day 19.00 - 20.00 20.00 - 22.00 28.8. 2008 08.00 09.00 9.00-1100 11.00 13.00

Issue

Materials

Responsible moderators

Arrival of participants Formal opening of the seminar Dinner Breakfast Analysis of the state of art country by country Preparations of the implementation of the sub regional seminars

Folder for the participants

GTF Regional staff Stanimira Hadzimitova

Party data collections 2006 and 2008 Agenda Criteria for selection of the parties for basic or intensive seminars Concept of intra party gender equality campaign Concept of parallel womens electoral campaign

Stanimira Hadzimitova Sonja Lokar, Stanimira Hadjimitova

13.00 14.00 14.00 16.00

19.00 20.00 29.8.2008 08.00 09.00 9.00 12.00

Lunch Technical and logistic agreements on the implementation of the subregional seminars Dinner

Mary Ann Rukavina, GTF Regional staff

Breakfast Basic seminar mainstreaming

for

gender

Agenda How to tailor the basic seminar - guidelines Power point: Women becoming stronger in their own parties Agenda How to tailor the intensive seminar guidelines Power point: Internal Party Advocacy campaign on gender equality issue

Stanimira Hadjimitova, Sonja Lokar, Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti

12.00 13.00 1300 15.00

Lunch Intensive seminar for gender mainstreaming

Stanimira Hadjimitova, Sonja Lokar, Mary Ann Rukavina Cipeti Mary Ann RukavinaCipeti GTF Regional staff

15,00 16,00 19.00 20.00 30.8 2008 08.00 09.00 09,00 11.00

Technical and logistic agreements on implementation of the party by party seminars Dinner

Breakfast Exchange of information and agreements on our initiatives for the cooperation with national

Stanimira Hadjimitova

49

11.00 13.00

partners of the project governmental bodies for gender equality, respective parliamentary body, civil society coalitions for quota or parity Exchange of information and agreements on our initiatives for the cooperation with EC, women networks of the party families in the EU Parliament, EWL and with international foundations

EC Expert Network on women in decision making EC Report on Equality Between women and men in EU, 2008 EWL parity campaign for European elections in 2009

Sonja Lokar Mary Ann Cipeti

Rukavina-

50

Appendix 4: Facts and figures about 3 sub regional meetings: SUBREGIONAL MEETING MACEDONIA - SKOPJE
In premises Dat e Country Party
PD Democratic Party

Participant
Lajla Pernaska,, MP, chair of parliamentarian sub commission for gender equality Emira Danaj - Chair of women socialist forum Blendi Klosi - MP, Secretary, member of parliamentarian sub commission for gender equality Filloreta Kodra, Deputy Chair of the party Ingrid Shuli, Deputy Chair of the party Engjell Bejtja,, MP, member of parliamentarian sub commission for gender equality (ex minister of labour Lyubka Hristova Ignatova, Deputy chairperson of the party committee of the Main bord; Member of the national councel of the womans union - socialists for equal rights and solidarity in BS Plamen Vasilev Slavov;Member of the Main board Mima Todorova Vasileva, Member of the Main board Rupen Ohanes Krikoryan, Member of the Main board Antoaneta Dimitrova Sabkova, International secretary of the Women GERB Andrey Kovachev, Vice-president Committee of Foreign Policy and European Issues Ibrahim Makolli , Vice president Mirushe Emini, Women's forum Sabahate Graiqevc Mr. Jonuz Salihu Mr Ismet Beqiri , Member of Executive Board, Mrs. Samije Zeqiri, Deputy chef of Women Forum LDK Mrs Hatixhe Hosha Ibrahim Makolli , Vice president Mirushe Emini, Women's forum Cvetanka Ivanova MP, Chair of Women's Club Marinela Tuseva, President of the Youth organization of SDSM Zumreta Jakupi Emira Mehmeti, Spokeswoman for the Democratic Union for Integration Flora Kadril MP Merale Ferati Kosana Mazneva, MP, Chair of Women's Forum, former minister of urban planning Aleksandar Nikolovski Member of Executive Board,

No.
1

Facilitat or

Socialist Party

ALBANIA LSI - Socialist Movement for Integration SDP Social Democratic Party

2 2 Total: 7

Sonja Lokar Savka Todorovska Radostina Yakimova (Gender Project Bulgaria)

Socialist Party (BSP)

In premises

Parliament of Republic of Macedonia Hall of Constitutional Commission

NDSV BULGARIA

2 2
Sonja Lokar Savka Todorovska Radostina Yakimova (Gender Project Bulgaria)

GERB

Date Country

07.10. 2008
AKR (New Kosovo Alliance) AAK Alliance for the Future of Kosova LDK Democratic League of Kosova KOSOVO PDK AKR (New Kosovo Alliance) SDSM - Social Democratic Union of Macedonia DUI - Democratic Union for Integration MACEDONIA DPA - Democratic Party of Albania VMRO-DPMNE

Total: 6 2 2

2 1 2 Total: 9 2

2 2 2 Total: 8

SUBREGIONAL MEETING BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA - SARAJEVO

Party

Participant

No. 51

Facilitator

HDZ Croatia Coalition HNZ

HDZ 1990 - Croatian Democratic Union 1990 PDP Party of Democratic Progress of RS SNSD Alliance of Independent Social Democrats from RS SDP BiH - Social Democrat Party SDS Serbian Democratic Party from RS SDA Party of Democratic Action SBiH Party for BiH 28.10. 2008

Lijdija Bradara, Vice president of the board for Parliamentary revision Vlado oji, General secretary of the Party, member of the Party Presidency Vinko Zori, vice president Borka Herceg Lukenda Grujii Milojko, Member of the Party Executive bord Ikoni Dara Nada Teanovi, Vice president Danijela Injac, Professional associate for international affairs and NGO cooperation Mirjana Mali, MP Jozo Krianovi, MP Sneana Boi, Member of the board for Gender Equality in the Assembly of RS Dragan uzulan, General secretary Alma Bandi, MP,Chair of the Women assocciation Amir Zuki, General secretary Aida iki, MP, Chair of the Women assocciation Munib Jusufi, General secretary

2
Sonja Lokar, Mirjana Penava Professor PHD Marijana Pajvani Morana Palikovi Gruden

2 2 4

Hotel Europa Garni Sarajevo, Bosna I Hercegovi -na

BOSNA I HERZEGOVINA

Total: 18 DPS Democratic Party of Socialists Nada Drobnjak, Member of the Party Presidency Goran Jevri, Member of the Party Executive bord eljka Vuksanovi, Vice president of Women Forum SDP-a Miodrag Radovi Vasilije Laloevi, MP, Vice president of the Party Sneana Jonica ,General secretary of the Party Slavica Jakopovi Fribec, Chair of the board for Human Rights of the Party Jadranka Katarini krilj, Member of the Presidency of the Party, Mirela Gaji, Secretary of the Women Forum of SDP Margareta Maari, President of the National Women Committee Mislav Banek, President of Youth HDZ Darko Till, General Secretary for international relations of HSS Marija Ledinski, Member of the Party Presidency, President of the HSS Women assocciation Jozo Rado, Vice president of the Party

Sonja Lokar, Mirjana Penava Professor PHD Marijana Pajvani Morana Palikovi Gruden

MONTENEGRO

SDP Social Democratic Party SNP Socialist Peoples Party

2 2 Total: 6 2
Sonja Lokar, Mirjana Penava Professor PHD Marijana Pajvani Morana Palikovi Gruden

HSLS Croatian Social Liberal Party

Hotel Europa Garni Sarajevo, Bosna I Hercegovi -na

28.10. 2008

SDP Social Democratic Party HDZ Croatian Democratic Union CROATIA HSS Croatian Peasant Party

1 2

HNS Croatian Peoples Party-Liberal Democrats SVM Hungarian Union from Vojvodina VMDK andor Party SERBIA LDP Liberal Democratic Party G 17 Plus

1 Total: 8

Elvira Kova, MP Arpad Fermond, Vice President of the Party Sneana Batini Horvat Dora, Danko Runi, Member of the Main board of the Party Selena Pleskoni Ana Bukva, President of Women Forum G17 Plus

2 2 2 2

Sonja Lokar, Mirjana Penava Professor PHD Marijana Pajvani Morana Palikovi Gruden

52

LSV Social Democratic League of Vojvodina DS Democratic Party

Tomislav Damjanovi, President of the Executive bord G17 Plus Maja Sedlarevi, Vice president of the National Assembly of Vojvodina Aleksandar Marton, MP Milo aji President of the Steering Committee eni Sele

2 2 Total: 12

SUBREGIONAL MEETING MOLDOVA- CHISINAU

In Date Country premises

Party

Participant
Galina Bostan, Director. International Association for Business and Parliament Iana Balan Ecaterina Mardarovici, GTF Focal Point in Moldavia Veaceslav Colesnic Liviu Oboroc, Vice President of Youth Wing, Olga Nicolenco, Valentina Buliga, MP, (Deputy Leader of the Delegation

No.

Facilitator

Social Democratic Party Hotel, 110 Grenoble str., Chisinau, Republic of Moldova 18. 09. 2008

MOLDOVA

Communist Party Democratic Party

1 3 Total: 7

Sonja Lokar, GTF Chair Ecaterina Mardarovici, President of Political Club 50/50

53

Annex 5: Statistical overview of gender mainstreaming in Political Parties in SEE

NOTE
% of women members in your party quota for party organs % of women in the party leadership president of party-men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % of women ministries % of women majors % of women councillors women leader member of the party executive, Yes, No, in the process Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programsGENERALSTATEMENT SPECIAL DECLARATION CONCRETE POLICY Partnership and coalition with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO State gender Equality bodies Affiliations in EU Party Families ELDR PES EPP No. of party which answered ALBANIA BIH BULGARIA CROATIA KOSOVO MACEDONIA MOLDOVA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA SERBIA

26 20 36 43 35 33 39 14 23 36 4 38

20% 25% 26% M 43% M 10,47% 6,30% 1% 15% 5 PARTY YES YES
4 PARTY HAVE GS,1 PARTY HAVE CP

N/A 35% 18% M 15% 2 WOM 10,03% 0,00% 0% 8% 4YES 3NO

41% NO 24% M 50% M 25,44% 22,20% 13% 32% 1 YES NO 3

31% 40% 21% 1 WOM 30% M 16,37% 22,20% 12% 11% 4 YES NO 1

44% 20% 12% M 11% M 30% 12,50% N/A N/A 4YES YES

51% 30% 22% M 0% M 32,5% 9% 0% 27% 2 YES YES

1 PARTY HAVE CP

46% 30% 25% M 13% M 25% 28,60% 15% 25% 3 YES YES
2 PARTY HAVE GS,2 PARTY HAVE SP,2 PARTY HAVE CP 1 1 3 3 2 0 0 0

N/A 30% 13% M 0% 1 WOM 11,88% 6,30% 5% 5% 1YES 3NO

29% NO 13% M 0% M 11,20% 0% 6% 14% 2YES

1 PARTY HAVE GS,1 PARTY HAVE SP,1 PARTY HAVE CP 1 1 1 1 0 0 1

37% 30% 21% M 43% 3WOM 26,44% 16% N/A 11% 4 YES 1NO

7 PARTY HAVE GS,1 PARTY HAVE SP

3 PARTY HAVE GS,3 PARTY HAVE SP,3 PARTY HAVE CP 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2

5 PARTY HAVE GS,4 PARTY HAVE SP,4 PARTY HAVE CP 1 1 1 1 2 1 2

4 PARTY HAVE GS,1 PARTY HAVE CP

3 PARTY HAVE GS,1 PARTY HAVE SP

5 PARTY HAVE GS,2 PARTY HAVE SP,1 PARTY HAVE CP 1 1 1 1 2 0 1

0 4 5 4 5 0 3 1

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 1 3

1 4 3 3 1 1 0 1

1 1 1 1 0 1 1

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 0 0

54

Appendix 6: First draft of the updated data base on the status of women and gender equality policies in parliamentary parties
COUNTRY ALBANIA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors head of communes % women councillors SP 15 % 50 % 40 % man 9.52 % 0% n/a n/a 30% for delegates of congress, 50% for National assembly and headship yes n/a n/a 20 % 25 %? 25 % man 1 man 1 woman man 5.35 % 5.8 % 0% 1.4 % 22 % DP PARTY LSI 24 % 30 % 23.1 % man 1 man 1woman man 0% 0% n/a 8.9 % PSD ? 20 % 14 % man 1 man 1woman man 28.5 % 0% n/a n/a PR n/a n/a n/a man man 9% 0% n/a n/a no

women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO

yes 25 % Not separated, the program implementation is covered by partys budget Special declaration

yes 27.6 % n/a

yes 20 % n/a

yes n/a n/a

gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EEP Last concrete political campaign or action

Special declaration

Special declaration

General declarati on ? Ingridi

x x x x

x x x x

x x x x

x x x x x x

COUNTRY BULGARIA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level NDSV 44.73 % No

x x Preparing the national strategy on gender equality PARTY BSP GERB 46 % 40 % No No

UDF 35% No

55

Presidency

National council 36 % Political council 36 % Operational governing 29 %

14% Superior council 31 % Executive bureau 27 %

Executive commission - 14 % -

20%. National council11.91% National executive council - 18.2%.

Main board

Executive board

president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries % women mayors

Man 33 % 46 % 40 % Vice ministers 53% 17 %

Man no N/A 22 % 22 % Women presidents of regions 7 % Women chairmen of municipality councils 29 %

Man no N/A No No 20 %

Man Woman Man 8.33% No 3%

% women councillors

36 %

35 % Women chairmen of municipality councils 20 % No Yes

25%

quota in its statute to address structural barriers women meet in political party women organization within the party yes/not/in process

No Yes Association for civic activities Women Liberal Network 17.07.2006 No N/A Profess of the party: Equal opportunities Encouragin g womens participation in all political, intellectual and economical sphere of life Supporting and assistance of women and womens organizations

No Yes Womens alliance socialists for paritet and solidarity in Bulgarian socialistic party 2006 Yes N/A Partys values: BSP is a party of democratic socialism. Its main values are the freedom, democracy, equal rights, social justice and solidarity based on work for building of new united European left wing in Bulgaria. Working for gender equality in

No Yes UNF Womens Union

WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies

no no Partys Statute: Principles and goals: Equal opportunities For all Bulgarian citizens, not depending on age, gender or religion. Party s program: GERB share universal values presented in the Hart of

No No No No No

56

for expressing their opinion in questions related with good existing including equal human rights Economical independency achievement. Developing of good practices for combining of professional and personal life. Partnership&coalitionning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EEP Last concrete political campaign or action N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Yes

BSP and society for actively participation of women in partys work Efforts for party policy producing on gender equality, women rights protection at national and regional level

main rights of European Union human dignity, freedom, equal rights and solidarity. Values: The family a fundament of our society Approving of young people as a carrying parents, economical actively and social responsible persons. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A No Yes Yes Yes Yes

N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Yes Yes For at least 40% women in the lists for European Parliament in 2997 PARTY SDA SBIH N/A N/A 4% 11,88% men men men 0% 0% 1wom 10,29% N/A N/A N/A N/A no 27,7% N/A 30,7% men men 1w ,3m 25% 0% N/A N/A yes yes N/A Yes In support of the women-candidates in the last Local elections HDZ 1990 N/A no 13,04% N/A N/A men men men 0% 0% N/A 6,9% no no no HDZ 37% N/A 9,53% 7,14% 20,00% men 1w,3m men 0% 0% N/A 6% NO NO NO

COUNTRY BOSNIA I HERZEGOVINA Sarajevo I Mostar % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leder member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement

SDP N/A 35% 18,18% 32,54% no men men men 16,66% 0% N/A N/A yes yes N/A

57

Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership&coalitionning with

yes yes N/A Trade Union Experts NGO-s N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY BIH BANJA LUKA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Lieder member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP

yes N/A PDP n/a n/a N/A N/A N/A men N/A N/A 0% 0% n/a n/a yes yes n/a yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A n/a no N/A N/A N/A men N/A N/A no 0% n/a n/a no n/a n/a yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A observer member N/A SDS n/a no 17,61% 14,17% 33,3% men 1w,4m men 28,57% 0% n/a N/A yes yes N/A yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A observer member N/A PARTY SNSD N/A Protection of women/mothers

observer member

58

Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY CROATIA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries

N/A HSLS 29% no 33% 12% 37% women men men 0% 1 vice prime ministerwoman 5% 7% no N/A N/A yes yes yes N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A member

N/A SDP 30% 40% 22,27% 38,83% 36,36% men 1m 1w men 30,35% 0%

N/A PARTY HDZ N/A no 15,78% 17,55% 21,95% men women men 18,18% 21,42% as of 07/09 prime minister N/A N/A yes yes N/A yes yes yes N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A HNS 34,48% yes 22,22% 18,36% 20,00% men men men 16,66 0% HSS 26% no 8,33% 8,75% 0% men 1 w, 4m men 16,66% 0%

%women mayors % women councillors women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY Republic of Kosova % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women

19,04% 13,15% yes no N/A yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes

13,75% yes yes N/A yes yes yes N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A member

N/A 9,52% yes yes

yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

member member N/A LDK 50% No 10% 10% 15% Man 4 men 1 woman Man Man Man Man 19% 20% Man Men 3 Men 2 Man Men Men N/A PARTY PDK 45% AAK Approx. 50 % 20% 3% AKR 30 % N/A member

59

% of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors quota in its statute to address structural barriers women meet in political party women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies

30% 16% No No No Yes Yes No GS yes

30%(12) 1 of 9 ---11% Yes No No

30 % Yes Women alliance of Kosovo 2 officer for women forum (AGK) Party program: Strengthening women role in the society and the policy Making policy with promoting of gender equality Establishing the institution mechanisms and instruments which addresses women factorization on the society in decision making structure etc.

30 % No 4 Yes 1 Yes General statement

Yes No no

Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY MACEDONIA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) No Yes No No No No No Yes Election campaign Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No 2007 No Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No No No(in the process) No No Last Elections VMRO-DPMNE 51.26% 30

PARTY Social Democratic Union in Macedonia N/A N/A

60

% of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board

Congress Central Board between 70 90 members, elected by the Congress Executive board of SDUM Central Board - 15-17 members President Secretary General Supervisory Board 9 members Municipal Organization 5 members ??? Local organizations less 20 members. President and secretary /4-8 members/ Woman N/A N/A Women candidates for MP-s 36 % N/A N/A N/A N/A Yes SDUMs Women Club Yes N/A Fundamental political principles and objectives in the partys statute: - Full respect of the individual, his/her dignity, and rights and freedoms, pursuant to the highest civilized and democratic acquisitions - Developing democracy and provision of equality among citizens Realizing social and national emancipation of the citizens and building society of social justice Affirmation of the rights and freedoms of deprived and marginal individuals and groups and gender equality

3.57% 15.31% 13.63%

president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors quota in its statute to address structural barriers women meet in political party women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies

Man Man Man 36.5% *in the process of election 4.76% 26.3% 30% in the statute yes yes Within the party

Concrete police

Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES E PP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY MOLDOVA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Parliamentarian elections The Party of Communists of the PARTY DPM yes yes yes yes

yes Parliamentary election Campaign; June, 2008 SDP Moldova

61

% of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level

Republic of Moldova 35 % N/A PCRM Central Committee 29 % PCRM Central Audit and Control Commission 71 % Executive Political Committee of the Central Committee of the PCRM 22% Municipality organizations chairmen 21 % Man N/A N/A 24 % Chairman of PCRM parliamentarian fraction is woman. PCMR list - Woman candidates for MPs 22% Member of government 35 % The Vice - Premier is a woman from PCMR 25 % 17 % N/A Yes Public organization Moldova Republic Womens Alliance N/A N/A For achieving main goal, party is able to found according main manners of dealing means of mass information and other propaganda materials. They are able to implement feasts, lectures, reinstatements, public-political actions also the party is able to initiate creating of women or youth alliances.

48,8% 30% 0% 33% 14,3%

53% 1/3

3 of 21 14 of 56 34 of 124

president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s

Man Man Man 27%

man one woman out of 6 man no

% women ministries

0%

no

%women mayors % women councillors quota in its statute to address structural barriers women meet in political party women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies

11,4% 23,8% Quota 30% in Statute of DPM Yes

10 35 1/3 yes

Yes personal donations of the DPM members, Partys budget

yes no

Yes

Partnership & coalitioning with

62

Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EEP Last concrete political campaign or action

N/A N/A Gender Task Force Women club

no yes

yes yes no

N/A N/A N/A Training WOs members

Local election June, 2007, parliamentary election in Gagauz-Yeri, March, 2008

COUNTRY
Montenegro % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party man/woman deputy president man/woman secretary general man/woman % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leader member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership & coalitioning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY Romania SDP n/a 30% 12,5% 13,0% / man man no 14,2% 0% no 4,76% yes yes N/A yes yes N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A n/a n/a / 8,25% 9,37%

PARTY
SNP n/a n/a 6,25% 16,54% 10% man man man 15,15% 6,3% 4,7% 0% no no no yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A DPS n/a n/a 18,18% / / man man dont have 18,18% no N/A n/a no no no no no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PzP

man man woman 0% 0% 0% 0% no no no yes no no yes N/A N/A N/A N/A

no PNL

no

no PARTY Democratic Liberal Party

no

63

% of women members in your party quota for party organs (women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries % women mayors % women councillors quota in its statute to address structural barriers women meet in political party women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Leder member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership&coalitionning with Trade Union Eyperts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action COUNTRY SERBIA % of women members in your party quota for party organs(women) % of women in party leadership-national level Presidency Main board Executive board president of your party men/women deputy president men/women secretary general men/women % of women MP-s % women ministries %women mayors % women councillors

35,38 % No quota No 3 out of 35 Man Man 3 out of 82 0 29 out of 722 37 out of 309 No quota Yes No General statement

52 % 8.33% 17.14% 28% Man Man Man 18.75% 8% 15% 30% Yes 1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes No No

DS 32,52% 30% 17,85% 20% 33% men 1women 2men women 29,23% 18,88% N/A 7,40%

Yes Womans health Familys health PARTY SPS LDP G17 LSV 20% 38% 31% 21% N/A 30% 30% no NO 13,65% 8,33% men men men 9,09% 0% N/A 20% 13,63% 16% N/A men 2women 2men women 23,07% 0% N/A 4,08% 33,33% N/A 10% men 2women 1men women 20,83% 50% N/A N/A 40,00% 27,18% 28,57% men 1women 2men men 40,00% 0% 0% 13,5%

64

women organization within the party yes/not/in process WO Lieder member of the party executive Budget line for WPO gender equality issues in the party programs General statement Special declaration Concrete policies Partnership&coalitionning with Trade Union Experts NGO-s Other WPO-s State gender equality bodies Affiliations in European Party Families ELDR PES EPP Last concrete political campaign or action

yes yes N/A yes yes no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A observer member

yes no N/A yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

yes yes N/A yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A observer member

yes yes N/A yes no no N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

yes yes N/A yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no

Associate member

no no
yes, campaign for the last elections

65

Appendix 7: Draft agenda used for the sub regional cross party seminars

Gender Mainstreaming in SEE Political parties II 2008 Sub-regional meeting 07.10.2008 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Parliament of Republic of Macedonia Hall of Constitutional Commission

AGENDA

07.10.2008 (Tuesday) 10:00 10:20 10:20 11:20 11:20 12:30 12:30 13:10 Official opening Exchange of parties' best practices in regard to Gender Mainstreaming Discussion on parties approach to women voters Information on new methods for parties' work on gender mainstreaming within parties and society Follow-up agreements on individual party interventions Closing

13:10 14:00 14:00 14:30

66

Appendix 8. Training materials for the basic and advanced party tailored seminars

1. Agenda for sub regional seminars one day, 6 working hours 2. Criteria for inclusion of the parties in the party by party seminars, tailored according to the needs of each party 3. Agenda and materials for the basic seminars 4. Agenda and materials for the intensive party seminars

5. Internal party advocacy campaign on gender equality issue, Sonja Lokar, Power point presentation , GTF Mainstreaming gender in Parliamentaty Parties II Project ,Trogir, Croatia, August 2008 6. Parallel electoral campaign, Sonja Lokar, Power point presentation , GTF Mainstreaming gender in Parliamentaty Parties II Project ,Trogir, Croatia, August 2008 7. Gender Mainstreaming in SEE Political Parties statistics; Presentation 1, Stanimira Hadjimitova 8. Gender Mainstreaming in SEE Political Parties II 2008 - Presentation 2, Stanimira Hadjimitova 9. Women becoming strong in their own parties, Sonja Lokar, Power point presentation , GTF Mainstreaming gender in Parliamentaty Parties II Project ,Trogir, Croatia, August 2008

Annexes
CD with the additional materials

67