clear all close all %Solicita tipo de seal a muestrear opcion = input('Escriba 1 si quiere codificar seal de audio o 2 si quiere

codificar otra: ') %abre seal seleccionada por el usuario if opcion==1; t_input = input('escriba el tiempo en segundos que desee grabar el audio: '); m = wavrecord(t_input*30000,30000,'int16'); %fid = fopen ('sonido.wav','r'); %m = fread (fid,'int16'); ini_cuenta = 10; end if opcion==2; t = input('escriba el vector de tiempo para la seal: '); m = input('escriba la seal que desee codificar f(t): '); ini_cuenta = 2; end %Solicita frecuencia de muestreo y niveles de cuantizacion Fs = input('escriba la frecuencia de muestreo: '); levels = input('escriba los niveles de cuantizacion: '); Mp = max (m) %Calcula el nivel mximo de la seal

step_size = (Mp*2)/levels %Incremento entre cada nivel de cuant particion = [-Mp:step_size:Mp]; %vector de particion (cuant) %particion = [0:step_size:2*Mp]; Ts = 1; longitud_m = length(m); inc_muestreo = longitud_m/Fs; red_inc_muestreo = floor(inc_muestreo); No_samples = (red_inc_muestreo*Fs)+1; %Numero de muestras, %Muestreo for k=ini_cuenta:No_samples if k == ini_cuenta samp_in(k-1) = 0; ind_pcm = 1 end residuo = rem(k,red_inc_muestreo); if residuo == 0 samp_in(k) = m(k);

elseif residuo ~= 0 samp_in(k) = samp_in(k-1); end end %Cuantizacion quant = quantiz(samp_in,particion); pcm_cad = dec2bin(quant) ind_pcm = 1; %Genera codigo binario de PCM for h=ini_cuenta:No_samples residuo = rem(h,red_inc_muestreo); if residuo == 0 PCM(ind_pcm) = str2num(pcm_cad(h,:)); ind_pcm = ind_pcm+1; end end subplot(2,2,1); plot(m); title('seal analgica'); xlabel('tiempo'); ylabel('amplitud'); subplot(2,2,2); stairs(samp_in); title('seal muestreada'); xlabel('tiempo'); ylabel('amplitud'); subplot(2,2,3); plot(quant); title('seal cuantizada'); xlabel('tiempo'); ylabel('niveles de cuantizacion');

Hi,can someone help me to compute the waveform of the PAM signal s(t) with pulse duration T=500;a sinusoidal signalof frequency f0=10000Hz sampled at the rate of 8kHz and then applied to a sample-and-hold circuit to produce a flat toppped PAM. can i show my codes as "fs=8000; >> n=0:1/fs:1; >> x=cos(10000*n); >> plot(n,x); but i couldnt obtain the result.i've attached the waveform of my results. Thanks in advance

% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Code for Time Division Multiplexing % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Code By:- Debaraj Rana

% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % mail- debaraj.rana@ymail.com % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Dept. Of Electronics & Telecom. Engg % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % VSSUT, Burla,ORISSA

clc; close all; clear all; % Signal generation x=0:.5:4*pi; sig1=8*sin(x); l=length(sig1); sig2=8*triang(l); % Display of Both Signal subplot(2,2,1); plot(sig1); title('Sinusoidal Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); subplot(2,2,2); plot(sig2); title('Triangular Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); % Display of Both Sampled Signal subplot(2,2,3); stem(sig1); title('Sampled Sinusoidal Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); subplot(2,2,4); stem(sig2); title('Sampled Triangular Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); l1=length(sig1); l2=length(sig2); for i=1:l1 sig(1,i)=sig1(i); sig(2,i)=sig2(i); end % TDM of both quantize signal tdmsig=reshape(sig,1,2*l1); % Display of TDM Signal figure stem(tdmsig); title('TDM Signal'); % Making Both row vector to a matrix % Generate 2nd traingular Sigal % siganal taken upto 4pi % generate 1st sinusoidal signal

ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); % Demultiplexing of TDM Signal demux=reshape(tdmsig,2,l1); for i=1:l1 sig3(i)=demux(1,i); sig4(i)=demux(2,i); end % display of demultiplexed signal figure subplot(2,1,1) plot(sig3); title('Recovered Sinusoidal Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); subplot(2,1,2) plot(sig4); title('Recovered Triangular Signal'); ylabel('Amplitude--->'); xlabel('Time--->'); % Converting The matrix into row vectors

% A Program For Analysis of Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation Of An AC % Signal. % By: Yasin A. Shiboul % Date 15/8/2003 % % PART I (preparation) % In this part the screen is cleared, any other functions, figures and % variables are also cleared. The name of the programm is displayed.

clc clear all disp('Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation of AC Signal') disp(' % % PART II % In this part the already known variables are entered, the user is % asked to enter the other variables. % Vrin is the rms value of the input supply voltage in per unit. Vrin=1; % f is the frequency of the input supply voltage. f=input('The frequency of the input supply voltage, f = '); % Z is the load impedance in per unit. Z=1; % ma is the modulation index ma=input('the modulation index,ma, (0<ma<1), ma = '); % phi is load-phase-angle phi=input('the phase angle of the load in degrees = '); % Q is the number of pulses per half-period of the supply voltage. Q=input('The number of pulses per half period = '); % % PART III % Calculating load parameters. % phi=phi*pi/180; % R and L are the load resistance and inductance respectively. R=Z*cos(phi); L=(Z*sin(phi))/(2*pi*f); % % PART IV % Calculating the number of pulses per period,N N=2*Q; % %PART V % Building the Sawtooth signal,Vt, the Input voltage waveform,Vin, % the Output voltage waveform, Vout, and finding the beginning (alpha) % and the end (beta)for each of the output pulses. % In each period of the sawtooth, there is one increasing and decreasing part of % the sawtooth, thus the period of the input supply is divided into % into 2N sub-periods, k is used as a counter of these sub-periods. % for calculation purposes each of these sub-periods is divided into 50 points, i.e., the % input supply period is divided into 100N points. % % j is a counter inside the sub-period % i is the generalized time counter for k=1:2*N for j=1:50 % finding the generalized time counter i=j+(k-1)*50; % finding the time step wt(i)=i*pi/(N*50); ')

% calculating the input supply voltage. Vin(i)=sqrt(2)*Vrin*sin(wt(i)); ma1(i)=ma*abs(sin(wt(i))); % calculating the sawtooth waveform if rem(k,2)==0 Vt(i)=0.02*j; if abs(Vt(i)-ma*abs(sin(wt(i))))<=0.011 m=j; beta(fix(k/2)+1)=3.6*((k-1)*50+m)/N; else j=j; end else Vt(i)=1-0.02*j; if abs(Vt(i)-ma*abs(sin(wt(i))))<0.011 l=j; alpha(fix(k/2)+1)=3.6*((k-1)*50+l)/N; else j=j; end end if Vt(i)>ma*abs(sin(wt(i))) Vout(i)=0; else Vout(i)=Vin(i); end end end beta(1)=[]; % PART VI % Displaying the beginning (alpha), the end (beta) and the width % of each of the output pulses. disp(' ') beta width')

disp('......................................................................') disp('alpha [alpha' beta' (beta-alpha)']

% PART VII % Plotting the input voltage waveform Vin, the triangular carrier % signal,Vt,% the modulating signal and the output voltage % waveform, Vout. a=0; subplot(3,1,1) plot(wt,Vin,wt,a) axis([0,2*pi,-2,2]) title('Generation Of The Output Voltage Pulses ')

ylabel('Vin(pu)'); subplot(3,1,2) plot(wt,Vt,wt,ma1,wt,a) axis([0,2*pi,-2,2]) ylabel('Vt, m(pu)'); subplot(3,1,3) plot(wt,Vout,wt,a) axis([0,2*pi,-2,2]) ylabel('Vo(pu)'); xlabel('Radian'); % PART VIII % Analyzing the output voltage waveform % Finding the rms value of the output voltage Vo =sqrt(1/(length(Vout))*sum(Vout.^2)); disp('The rms Value of the Output Voltage ') Vo % finding the harmonic contents of the output voltage waveform y=fft(Vout); y(1)=[]; x=abs(y); x=(sqrt(2)/(length(Vout)))*x; disp('The rms Value of the output voltage fundamental component = ') x(1) % Findint the THD of the output voltage THDVo = sqrt(Vo^2 -x(1)^2)/x(1); % PART IX % calculating the output current waveform m=R/(2*pi*f*L); DT=pi/(N*50); C(1)=-10; i=100*N+1:2000*N; Vout(i)=Vout(i-100*N*fix(i/(100*N))+1); for i=2:2000*N; C(i)=C(i-1)*exp(-m*DT)+Vout(i-1)/R*(1-exp(-m*DT)); end

% PART X % Analyzing the output current waveform % finding the harmonic contents of the output current waveform for j4=1:100*N

CO(j4)=C(j4+1900*N); CO2= fft(CO); CO2(1)=[]; COX=abs(CO2); COX=(sqrt(2)/(100*N))*COX; end % Finding the RMS value of the output current. CORMS = sqrt(sum(CO.^2)/(length(CO))); disp(' The RMS value of the load current is') CORMS %Finding the THD for the output current THDIo = sqrt(CORMS^2-COX(1)^2)/COX(1); % PART XI % Finding the supply current waveform for j2=1900*N+1:2000*N if Vout(j2)~=0 CS(j2)=C(j2); else CS(j2)=0; end end % PART XII % Analyzing the supply current waveform %Supply current waveform and its RMS for j3=1:100*N CS1(j3)=CS(j3+1900*N); end CSRMS= sqrt(sum(CS1.^2)/(length(CS1))); disp('The RMS value of the supply current is') CSRMS % Finding the Fourier analysis CS2= fft(CS1); CS2(1)=[]; CSX=abs(CS2); CSX=(sqrt(2)/(100*N))*CSX; % Finding the THD of the Supply current THDIS = sqrt(CSRMS^2-CSX(1)^2)/CSX(1); % Finding the Displacement Factor of the supply current phi1 = atan(real(CS2(1))/imag(CS2(1)))-pi/2; PF=cos(phi1)*CSX(1)/CSRMS;

% PART XIII % Displaying the calculated parameters. disp(' Performance parameters are') THDVo THDIo THDIS PF a=0; %PART XIV % Openning a new figure window for plotting of % the output voltage,output current, supply current and the harmonic % contents of these values figure(2) subplot(3,2,1) plot(wt,Vout(1:100*N),wt,a); title(''); axis([0,2*pi,-1.5,1.5]); ylabel('Vo(pu)'); % subplot(3,2,2) plot(x(1:100)) title(''); axis([0,100,0,0.8]); ylabel('Von(pu)'); subplot(3,2,3) plot(wt,C(1900*N+1:2000*N),wt,a); title(''); axis([0,2*pi,-1.5,1.5]); ylabel('Io(pu)'); subplot(3,2,4) plot(COX(1:100)) title(''); axis([0,100,0,0.8]); ylabel('Ion(pu)'); subplot(3,2,5) plot(wt,CS(1900*N+1:2000*N),wt,a); axis([0,2*pi,-1.5,1.5]); ylabel('Is(pu)'); xlabel('Radian'); subplot(3,2,6) plot(CSX(1:100)) title('');

axis([0,100,0,0.8]); ylabel('Isn(pu)'); xlabel('Harmonic Order');