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"Why do people become violent?

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Bride tortured to death for dowry, School going kid succumbs to his injuries after beaten by father, A seventy year old man killed over property dispute All these and what not, turn to any newspaper at random and you would find the reports of such kind of violence all over the country. In our society, violence is bursting. It is present almost everywhere. Women and children are often the soft targets. In Indian society the situation is really gruesome. A significant number of deaths are taking place on daily basis, as a result of domestic violence only. Illiteracy, economical dependency on men folk and the otherwise male dominated society is some of the attributing factors to the problem.

What is violence?
Violence is "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm or deprivation. Violence may cause physical pain to those who experience it directly, as well as emotional distress to those who either experience or witness it. Violence cannot be attributed to a single factor. Its causes are complex and occur at different levels. The following four-level version of the ecological is often used in the study of violence: The first level identifies biological and personal factors that influence how individuals behave and increase their likelihood of becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence: demographic characteristics (age, education and income), genetics, brain lesions, personality disorders, substance abuse, and a history of experiencing, witnessing, or engaging in violent behaviour. The second level focuses on close relationships, such as those with family and friends. In youth violence, for example, having friends who engage in or encourage violence can increase a young persons risk of being a victim or perpetrator of violence. For intimate partner violence, a consistent marker at this level of the model is marital conflict or discord in the relationship. In elder
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abuse, important factors are stress due to the nature of the past relationship between the abused person and the care giver. The third level explores the community contexti.e., schools, workplaces, and neighbourhoods. Risk at this level may be affected by factors such as the existence of a local drug trade, the absence of social networks, and concentrated poverty. Finally, the fourth level looks at the broad societal factors that help to create a climate in which violence is encouraged or inhibited: the responsiveness of the criminal justice system, social and cultural norms regarding gender roles or parent-child relationships, income inequality, the strength of the social welfare system, the social acceptability of violence, the availability of weapons, the exposure to violence in mass media, and political instability.

Classification and nature of violence

Family violence often referred to as domestic abuse, child abuse, child maltreatment, spouse abuse, and wife battering. Peer group violence, which includes workplace violence, school violence, gang violence, and bullying. Sexual violence, which includes rape, intimate partner abuse, and child sexual abuse. Abuse of power, which includes mistreatment of children, students, elders, people with disabilities, and others who are smaller or less powerful than the abuser. Community violence, which includes assaults, fights, shootings, homicides, and most forms of peer violence. Hate crimes and hate speech, which target victims based on gender, age, race, ethnicity, religious belief, or sexual orientation. Media violence, shown on television, in film, and in video games.

Causes of violence
Abuse in the Home: Generally, a childs first role models are his or her parents. If parents are abusive or violent, the child is likely to become violent. In essence, a parents value, both positive and negative will rub off on a child. A third family issue, failure of support, can influence a childs aggression. A child or teen relies heavily on the support of family. If neglected, a child will likely turn to drugs or violence. In addition, children who are exposed to violence in an early age may suffer from emotional trauma which can impair their cognitive development. Families can affect violence. Child abuse can greatly promote violence because it teaches children that violence is a typical means to deal with a given situation. A lack of, or negative family values may also result in violence. External Influences: With todays overwhelming media, such as television shows and video games, it is only natural that children and teenagers are influenced by what they see in movies or play in video games. Unfortunately, todays media are full of violent and sexual content. These external factors greatly influence the teens behaviour and decision-making. In fact, there have been cases wherein teenagers have imitated a video game or movie without considering the consequences.

Violent television shows, video games and toys promote aggression and destructive behaviour. Violent entertainment is popular and profitable for manufacturers. Children are vulnerable to accepting violence. Some violent movies or games are directly targeted at children. Others draw teens because of high ratings. Children have a limited thinking capacity. Two to six year olds, cannot evaluate what they observe, accepting violent behaviour to be normal. Children six to twelve years old do not fully understand consequences for violence, and imitate what they see. Characteristics other than a limited thinking capacity sway children to copy violence. Brain injury Injury to the front parts of the brain may remove some personal control over anger and aggression. It can also lead to violence. Alcohol and Drugs: Alcohol and drugs are two of the leading causes of violence. Alcohol and drug abuse can impair the mind and ability to make sound decisions. Those who are drunk or are under the influence of illegal substances believed that they are superior to their peers and they are above the law. This can then lead to violent behaviours and activities. Gangs: Gang violence among young adults is a huge problem. Teenagers who are involved in such violence are more likely to get shot, beaten, or stabbed to death. Other young adults who are part of a gang may also commit violent acts towards another individual, possibly killing them. The longer the child becomes a part of such group, the more violent they may become. Underlying Mental Disorder: Those who manifest aggressive behaviour and hostility toward authority may have a condition known as oppositional defiant disorder or ODD. The symptoms of this mental health condition may include:

Negativity Rebelliousness and disobedience Aggression towards authority figures Argumentative towards adults Refuse to follow the rules or requests made by adults Blames others for his mistakes or behaviours Have anger issues Spiteful and vindictive
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Stress: Everyone has stress in their lives. When people cant able to handle different types of stress, it results into violence mainly domestic violence. Dowry: Dowry is one of the leading causes that results in violence against the newlywed brides. Physically assaulting women, making horrendous remarks and depriving them of basic humanly rights are often showcased in many parts of the country. Many incidents of dowry such as killing of bride by his husband and family members are common today.

The Roots of Violence: Wealth without work, Pleasure without conscience, Knowledge without character, Commerce without morality, Science without humanity, Worship without sacrifice, Politics without principles." -M.K.Gandhi

The rules and regulations have been made in Indian Penal Code. Law gives an effective shelter and deals strictly with the culprits. But making a law is not sufficient. People will have to awake and arise. They have to be told about their rights and duties. Every human being deserves the basic honour and respect. No one is entitled to take law in his hands. It is the mentality of the society that covets an overhauling. Society is in-turn nothing but the constitution of individuals. Every individual should make the necessary amendments and the society will change. It is the high time to raise voice against the injustice happening to self and others. Violence has no place in the modern society.

Submitted by: Gaurav kumar singh 11BEE1019


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