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УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ЩОДЕННИК ^ I B F UKRAINIAN DAI L\ Щ
І
VOL. LXXXVI.
Ukrainian Week
No. 73
ENGLISH-LANGUAGE WEEKLY EDITION
Radio
No hope'of release for Plakhotniuk, says samvydav Moscow
NEW YORK, N.Y. - For Mykola would raise the question of his release attacks Lukianenko
Plakhotniuk, a Ukrainian physician before the committee.
imprisoned in Soviet psychiatric insti The conditions are very harsh in this JERSEY CITY, N.J. - The Soviet
tutions since 1972, there appears to be hospital. Plakhotniuk is constantly in government recently began a new at
no hope of release, according to infor the company of genuinely ill persons. tack on the Western press, citing the
mation circulating in the samvydav. They are taken for walks very rarely West's campaign against the Soviet
A samvydav document received in during the summer, and during the Union, reported the Ukrainian Central
the West and made public here by the winter — not at all. That is why Pla Information Service.
press service of the Ukrainian Supreme khotniuk's state of health is poor. While Radio Moscow condemned the
Liberation Council (abroad), noted he was still free, Plakhotniuk had Toronto Globe and Mail for publishing
that Plakhotniuk's doctor said there is tuberculosis. an advertisement in defense of Ukrai
no reason to release Plakhotniuk be nian political prisoner Lev Lukia
fore the conclusion of the Olympic nenko.
Games, Radio Moscow said that Lukianenko
The full text of the samvydav docu The press service added that Pla was engaged "in terrorist activity in
ment follows. khotniuk was a physician at a chil Ukraine with the goal of destroying the
dren's sanatorium and a senior labora Soviet system there and bringing about
The full text of the samvydav docu the secession of Ukraine from the
ment follows. tory supervisor at the Kiev Medical In
stitute. KGB repressions of Plakhot USSR."
niuk began in 1969 in connection with It also reported that Lukianenko
Mykola Plakhotniuk the publication of a "Letter from the "propagated the hate of Ukrainians
Creative Youth of Dnipropetrovske," for Russians and disseminated printed
Plakhotniuk, Mykola Hryhorovych,
is no hope of his release. The doctor which documented Russification in works of nationalistic character."
born 1936. Ukrainian. Since January
12, 1972, he was under surveillance for who is treating Plakhotniuk said in a that city. Poets Ivan Sokulsky and
article 62 of the Criminal Code of the conversation that there is no reason to Mykola Kulchynsky and engineer
Ukrainian SSR. Since May 12, 1972, he release him before the beginning of the Viktor Savchenko, who were respon Chernivtsi Baptists
was undergoing examination at the Olympic Games. sible for the letter, were sentenced in
Serbsky Institute. Following a diagno January 12 was the seventh anniver January 1970 to terms ranging from find house of worship
sis of schizophrenia, he was sent to the sary of Plakhotniuk's imprisonment in two to four and a half years imprison KESTON, England. - Baptists in
Dnipropetrovske Psychiatric Institute psychiatric hospitals (actually six years ment. Their trial was held at a time the town of Chernivsti! in western
and later to the Kazan Institute. In and several months, because Plakhot when the press condemned Ukrainian Ukraine have found a house of wor
June 1978 he was freed from Kazan, niuk was at first under surveillance). patriots. Plakhotniuk, who was dis ship, reported the Keston New Service
but on August 8 he was transferred to Plakhotniuk is not allowed any visi gusted by this, disseminated in the on March 15.
the hospital in the city of Smila, Cher- tors now. The passports of his relatives samvydav a letter titled "The Truth is The Baptists have renovated an un
kaske oblast, and assigned to section 5. are reviewed (the hospital is of a gen Behind Us. A Reply to the Sland used church building in the town and
February 8 marks six months of his eral type). The doctors say that nothing erers." This letter led to Plakhotniuk's the dedication was held last year. P.A.
stay in Smila. His case should be re is dependent upon them, but earlier arrest in January 1972 during the anti- Tseon was ordained minister of the
viewed soon by a committee. But there Plakhotniuk's doctor had said that he Ukrainian campaign of the Soviets. church.
Vital signs
So, some student organizations appear to have been revived. This is "Once more I stand../'
remarkable — considering their previous comatose state of existence.
In recent weeks The Ukrainian Weekly has been subjected to a virtual The following poem was written by Georgi Vins in Ukraine in May 1969. It appeared in the
deluge of information about the activities of several student clubs in the No. 4, 1978, edition of The Right to Believe, a newsletter published by Keston College.
United States. Within a three-week span, we received news from the
Hryhory Skovoroda Student Hromada at Rutgers University in New
Once more I stand at the familiar entrance,
Brunswick about the election of its new executive board and a report on
I breathe the fragrance of the fields of home,
recent hromada accomplishments; learned that the Ukrainian student club at
The hard road of the north lies in the distance,
Temple University was sponsoring the Temple University Ukrainian Forum;
were informed that the Ukrainian Student Organization of Michnowsky The convoy road to labor camps' bleak zones.
(TUSM) — which has been reasonably active all along — was planning to
My children who have grown up in my absence,
intensify its campaign in defense of Yuriy Shukhevych; obtained information
My darling wife, dear mother, I embrace;
about the Ukrainian Day recently held at New York University by its
My hair, turned grey in camp, bears a remembrance -
Ukrainian Students' Association; and were pleased to hear that the Ukrainian
The northern Russian snows have left their trace.
Student Hromada of Syracuse University was offering two SI00 scholarships
to Ukrainian students at their university.
And He who is the nearest and the dearest,
Dare we hope that we are witnessing a trend? Is there even a slim chance of The cornerstone on which our life is based,
other clubs and SUSTA itself showing some vital signs? We hope to get a Who gives new strength when faith is tried in conflict,
positive answer from them — soon! Looks down from heaven with a smiling face.
No. 73 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1, 1979 7
Russification of Ukraine
through linguistic assimilation The origin of "April Fool"
by Roman J. Lysniak
The following is the text of a term paper written by Anna M. Wojtowyczfor an
international relations course at the Illinois State University.
4
'April! April! April! Send a fool wherever you will!'' is the
(1) common saying in Switzerland, Austria, Germany and the
The Russian language is an extensively employed tool in the attempted integra- Netherlands.
tion and assimilation of non-Russian nations and their lands into an expandec In Sweden there is a custom of giving nicknames, the so-
Russian state. Ukraine, with its 45 million inhabitants is a main target of linguistic called April names, on the first of April. In parts of England
Russification. The reduction or total exclusion of the Ukrainian language from there is a custom of ''hunting the gowk," and in Denmark it
literary, scientific, and other scholarly publications is one way in which this pro- is "showing him into April." In the Flemish area of Belgium
cess is implemented. It is furthered by making educational, social, and profes- April jokes consist chiefly in sending people on ''fools'
sional advancement contingent on fluency in Russian. In addition, as a conse- errands," and therefore they call it "sending day." Sending
quence of common historic origins and linguistic similarity to Russian, the Ukrai- people on "fools' errands" is also part of April First custom
nian languate (along with that of neighboring Byelorussia) is subject to a process in Ukraine.
of "zblyzhania" or convergence with the Russian language. The London street boy who succeeds in inducing somebody to try to pick up a
For a better understanding of present policy, one must look at the past rela- hot penny, a hat with a brick under it, or some object with a string tied to it, calls
tionship of Ukraine and Russia. Ukraine's geographic position, along with its out "April fool."
abundant natural resources, has left it vulnerable to repeated invasion and devas- In northern England, however, a custom there has given rise to the saying
tation over the centuries. The plundering of the original Ukrainian state, Kievan quoted above, "hunt the gowk." Someone is induced to carry a letter to a certain
Rus, by Asiatic hordes crossing over to Europe in the Middle Ages, coupled with address. There is nothing in the letter except, "On the first day of April hunt the
inheritance disputes among Kievan princes led to instability and subsequent frag- gowk another mile." The receiver of the letter then sends the bearer to another
mentation of the Kievan kingdom. 1 Kievan Ukraine, once a mighty empire, strug- address, and this is kept up until at last "the gowk" discovers that he is being
gled against growing threats from Muscovy (early Russia) to the north and Po- made an April fool, or rather an April gowk, in this instance.
land to the west. Even so, it did retain some political unity. According to Similar facetious errands are given to children in Belgium on April first. To
Clarence A. Manning, associate professor of Slavic languages at Columbia Uni- complete the joke the fool is marked by pasting a paper figure or a placard on his
versity, "From the time of the organization and the Christianization of the Kie- back before he starts out, or he is surreptitiously given a black daub on the face.
van state at the end of the 10th century to the 18th century, Ukraine, whe- Naturally April fool customs have been transported to the United States and
ther independent, or subject to Poland-Lithuania, or to the Russian tsars, had re- continued by the descendants of people who had practiced them for generations
mained as a political unit, even though divided.' 52 in Europe. Universal as the custom is, hbwever, its origin is somewhat proble-
It was not until after the annihilation of the Zapaorzhian Sich (headquarters of matical. Some writers are inclined to think that the day is derived from the an-
the Ukrainian Kozaks) in 1775 by Catherine II, and the 1783 abolishment of all cient Roman Feast of Fools, which dame in the time of the Quirinalia. Others
Ukrainian political institutions and privileges that Ukraine came under think that the unstableness of April weather, which makes the month one that
the complete control of the tsars. It was at this time that Ukrainian lands were fools us all a good part of the time, is supposed to be reflected in the human jokes
divided into "gubernias," the administrative divisions of-the Russian Empire. and tricks of the first day.
And together with Russian rule, came the attempt to destroy all traces of Ukraini- It is more probable, however, that this custom, which seems as ancient as it is
an national and cultural integrity. Ukraine's name was even banned with the-term widespread, was brought from India by the Aryans in their westward migrations.
"Little Russia" replacing it.3 The culmination of the tsarist Russification policy, In India, since gray antiquity, the last days of the Holi festival, which correspond
however, occurred during the reign of Tsar Alexander II with the Ems Ukase of to the end of March with us, are celebrated by tricks and jokes of all kinds,
1876 which proscribed the use of the "Little Russian dialect" (the Ukrainian lan- whereupon the ones who are taken in are called "Holi fools." The Holi festival is
guage) in the press, schools, theaters, and public lectures.4 the great festival, or carnival of the Hindus, held annually in honor of Krishna.
Despite many attempts to regain cultural, literary, and political autonomy Among other things, friends and strangers are then squirted with a yellow liquid,
under the Tsar, it was not until the Revolution of 1905 that Russia's most oppres- or pelted with red powder, similar to the Italians throwing confetti at the mid-
sive laws concerning Ukraine were abated. Between 1905 and 1914, Ukrainian Lent carnivals. There is, too, at the Holi festival a good deal of singing and dan-
culture and language flourished. Although the imposition of new limitations per- cing, most of which we would perhaps consider improper.
vaded during World War I, the collapse of the Tsarist Empire marked the emer-
gence of Ukraine as a sovereign nation-state embodied in the Ukrainian National
Republic.5
Ukrainian independence, however, was brief. Falling under both internal and
A pair of eyes frosts
external pressures, the fledgling Ukrainian state once again came under Russian
control. Nevertheless, the existence of the Ukrainian nation could not be denied Who'll walk me down to church not given the respect it so richly de-
When I'm sixty years of age, serves.
by the new Bolshevik regime. Reluctantly, the Bolsheviks accepted the formation When the ragged dog they gave me
of a Communist "federal" union as a means of keeping the non-Russian nation- Has been 10 years in the grave?
What can be more hideous than
alities (of the former Russian Empire) within the sphere of Russian influence. And senorita plays guitar hiding their ripened spirits behind
Thus, rather than establishing an all-enconmpassing Russian Soviet state, the But plays it just for you, indifference and the pre-tombs so
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established in 1922, with the Ukrainian My rosary has broken dubiously labeled nursing homes?! Just
And the beads have all run through. as the Ukrainian language is becoming
Soviet Socialist Republic as an integral member of the union. 6
from "Sixty Years On" by "a hieroglyphic," as Roman A. Juzeniw
The early years of Soviet rule marked an increased allowance of nonpolitical
Elton John and Bernie Taupin so correctly put it, so too, our Ukrainian
national development in the non-Russian Soviet republics. A relaxation of lin-
guistic regulations of the new Communist government led to a massive increase in senior citizens are continuously being
the use of Ukrainian and other non-Russian languages in education and publi- by Orest P. Kopanycia turned into mere ornaments —purpose-
shing. Soviet authorities were not concerned with linguistic pluralism; they only less pieces of ceramic brought out every
required that content be socialist in nature. According to Roman Szporluk, asso- They tend to get up at ungodly hours. M o t h e r ' s Day or F a t h e r ' s Day to
ciate professor of history at the University of Michigan, "The liberal linguistic Usually around 5 a.m. They are the first uphold the image that someone still
policies rested on the premise that the Party would serve as the leading and integ- ones in church on Sunday, regardless of cares.
rating political force, and that the class interests and solidarity of the proletariat how far away they live or how hard it is However, unlike many present-day
would prevail over and counteract any centrefugal tendencies that might arise to get those creeky bones started. They Ukrainian causes, this one still has some
from cultural differences among the peoples of the USSR." 7 are the last ones to leave church, hope, as long as we, the children, the
Joseph Stalin, however, became increasingly fearful of the growing national disregarding the mad rush for the back adolescents, and, yes, even all of you
consciousness in various republics. In particular, an insistent movement for exits, instead, offering a faithfully middle-agers, devote all of our well-
remembered prayer to some less-re- conserved energies to easing the plight
(Continued on page 10) membered saint. No one notices them of those without whom our cherished
kneeling there, backs straining to be traditions, feelings and hopes could not
1
Tight Russian control of Ukraine and the Russification of information concerning the Ukrainian- straight, faces covered with penitent have existed.
Russian relationship has left the majority of the world with only the official Moscow version of the hands. To look would mean to have a Perhaps some of us need to be re-
history of "Eastern Slavdom." According to Natalia Polonska-Vasylenko, a doctor of historical conscience. But consciences went out minded that from day one older people
science: with prayer and with the days when the have had much to do with our lives.
The existence of a separate Ukrainian people was largely ignored in it, the glorious history of
Ukraine was appropriated in toto by Russia (earlier Muscovy) which used these borrowed plumes to older people of our Ukrainian commu- Wherein our parents gave many of us
justify its claim to the Kievan inheritance. Even the ancient name of Ukraine, Rus, was taken over by nities were, indeed, treated like people. our basic training, it was our grandpa-
Muscovy. In this version or conception of history of Eastern Europe, the history of Ukraine is allotted Why write about "old people" during rents who gave that training substance.
a merely episodic place and provincial significance. the International Year of the Child?On And how can one forget those days,
Quoted from the preface to "Two Conceptions of the History of Ukraine and Russia" (London:
The Association of Ukrainians in Great Britin, Limited, 1968), p. 7. For the history of Ukraine, see the surface, the two are contradictory. eons ago, when "baba" sat you on her
Michael Hrushevsky, "A History of Ukraine" (NQW Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1941.) One represents everything we deem knee and told you to memorize those
2
Clarence A. Manning, "Ukraine Under the Soviets" (New York: Bookman Associates, 1953), p. ancient, superannuated, no longer strange words, "Otche Nash...." Or how
17. useful. The other refers to the future, the "dido" took you out to his garden
3
Ibid.
4
Stephen C. Chorney, "From the Ems Ukase to the Twenty-Fifth Congress of the CPSU," "The
hope, the beneficial. Yet, in this writer's kingdom and cautioned you that the
Ukrainian Quarterly" 32 (Winter 1976): 349. opinion, the two are not only compa- onions must be planted no sooner or
5
Stephan M. Horak, "From Internationalism to Nationalism, or the Soviet Version of Valuev- tible but, more importantly, symbiotic! later than March 19, the Feast of St.
shchina," "The Ukrainian Quarterly 28 (Autumn 1972): 270.
6
It is, therefore, surprising that the Joseph. And how many tinseled Christ-
Clarence A. Manning, "Twentiety-Century Ukraine" (New York: Bookman Associates, 1951), significance of our Ukrainian senior mases did we attend with our sugar-
p. 83.
7
Roman Szporlux, "Nationalities and the Russian Problem in the U.S.S.R," "Journal of Interna-
citizens is frequently being undermined plum relatives just to eat "baba's" 12
tional Affairs" 27 (1973): 29. and, in fact, ignored, laughed at, and (Continued on page 12)
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1, 1979 No. 73
Nineteen girls made their debut this year at the Philadelphia Engineers' Ball held February 17 at the Sheraton Hotel. The
debutantes and their escorts in the photo above are; (left to right) Sophia Janusz and Alexander Hraur, Marta Kachay and
Taras Kozak, Natalia Hlyniansky and Stepan Tur, Mira Harmatiy and Petro Kopanycia, Maria Stefurak and Myron File-
vych, Halyna Horayetsky and Hryhoriy Mayik, Olga Odosiyand Roman Iwasiwka, Lidia Pyrih and Ihor Stelmach, Lidia
Halushka and Zenon Svitenko, Christine Baduliak and Yuriy Krywolap; Teresa Kopanycia and Taras Mykytyn, Mariana
Mykhayliuk and Marko Klos, Mary Reitarowski and Andriy Sobchak, Halya Petryk and Taras Trypupenko, Christine
Holovchak and Andriy Boyko, Nina Todoriw and Anton Meshel, Leah Petryk and Orest Luchanko, Irene Boychuk and
John and Katherine Moroz Smith are Roman Brodyn, Aleksandra Hanas and Roman Yarymovych. Standing in the center are: Roxolana Czorpita and Roman
the newest members of UNA Branch Knihnicky, masters of ceremonies; Christine Czorpita, committee member; Stepan Czorpita, president of the Philadelphia
172 in Whippany, N.J. Certificates branch of the Ukrainian Engineers' Society; Christine Senyk, debut coordinator; Lev Yatskevych, toastmaster; Vera
were purchased for them by their pa- Andreychyk, committee member. This year's ball marked the 30th anniversary of the Philadelphia branch of the Ukrainian
rents, George and Maria Irena Smith. Engineers'Society.
No. 73 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1,1979 9
Russification of Ukraine...
on a policy of linguistic and cultural assimilation. The new program of the Com-
(Continued from page 7) munist Party of the Soviet Union, adopted on October 31, 1961, stated that "an
"de-Russification" was developing in Ukraine. Furthermore, Ukrainian Com- international culture common to all the Soviet nations is developing" as the foun-
munists were demanding the appointment of Ukrainians to top party and govern- dation of "the formation of the future single world-wide culture of Communist
ment positions in their republic, positions which were held almost exclusively by society," with the Russian language as "the common medium of interronrsp '"^
Russians. The calling for cultural orientation towards Europe and away from As a result of this program, on the 50th anniversary of the formation of the
Moscow by the Communist Ukrainian intelligentsia was interpreted as a grave Soviet Union, Leonid Ilich Brezhnev, the Secretary General of the Communist
threat to the integrity of the USSR.8 Party was moved to state that the nationalities question in the Soviet Union "has
Stalin, on his accession to full political power, aborted the national rennais- been resolved completely, resolved definitely, and irrevocably." 14 In reality, the
ances that were under way in the republics and substituted a policy of Sovietiza- nationalities question is far from being resolved. This is evident from the contin-
tion. Sovietization, transformation of non-Russians into one homogenous com- uing policy of assimilation and/or eradication of the non-Russian languages in
munity of Soviets, became clearly identified with Russian political and cultural the Soviet Union.
heritage.9 Sovietization (i.e. Russification) encountered strong opposition within (To be continued)
Ukraine and the other republics. Their resistance was suppressed by mass killings, 8
Ibid.
artificial famines, 10 and deportation. In fact, Stalin entirely deported eight of 9
Ibid.
the smaller nationalities to Kazakhstan, Siberia, and Central Asia on unfounded 10
A conservative estimate of Ukrainian losses in the famine of 1932-33 is lO^/o of the population,
charges of "treason to the Soviet Fatherland." 11 In Nikita Khrushchev's own or well over 3,000,000 according to William Henry Chamberlin in "The Ukraine: A Submerged Na-
words, "The Ukrainians avoided meeting this fate only because there were too tion" The MacMil The MacMillan Company, 1944), p. 61.
11
Bohdan R. Baciurkiw, "Soviet Nationalities Policy and Dissent in the Ukraine," "The World
many of them and there was no place to which to deport them. Otherwise, he, Sta- Today" 30 (May 1974): 217, citing "The Crimes of the Stalin Era." Special Report to the 20th
lin, would have deported them also." 12 Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union by Nikita S. Khrushchev. Annotated by Boris
Stalin's policy of Russification was continued under Khrushchev's administra- I. Nikolaevsky (New York: The New Leader, 1956) pp. 544-545
12
tion, although somewhat less severely. Soviet authorities have, in practice, aban- Ibid.
13
Peter G. Stercho, "Soviet Concept of National Self-Determination: Theory and Reality," "The
doned the use of ideology or class solidarity as means of achieving their goal of Ukrainian Quarterly" 29 (Summer 1973): 162.
integration ot the peoples ot the USSR into one unified nation, and instead carry 14
Bociurkiw, "Soviet Nationalities Policy and Disseni in the Ukraine," p. 214.
No. 73 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1,1979 11
asxxasxssssjsjesesejaesejejessssssjKsoeEso^^
NOTICE! NOTICE!
HOLY LAND
ALL ADVERTISEMENTS Ml ST BE RECEIVED BY NOON OF THE
PILGRIMAGE MONDAY BEFORE THE DATE OF THE NEXT WEEKLY
EDITION.
Sponsored by: S.S. Peter S Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church
All advertisements are subject to approval.
Jersey City, N. J.
Please make checks payable to: Svoboda
I 1,450 Mail to: 30 Montgomery St.
Jersey City, N.J. 07302
Spiritual Director J
Father THEODORE J. DANUSIAR :K
30 Bentley Av., Jersey City, N. J. 07304 8 PITTSBURGH and WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA 3
і
(201) 432-3122 8 x
District Committee of UNA Branches
of Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania
Travel Co-ordinator
IRENE 7AHYLKIEWICZ
Menlo Park Travel, Edison, N.J. 08817
(201) 549-6100
8 і announces that its
ANNUAL MEETING
iv/7/ be held
Opening.
264,276,296,338,481
PROGRAM:
Minutes of preceding meeting.
I
from Pilate's Palace to Calvary
3. Election of presidium for annual meeting.
S 100.00 deposit required by April 10th, 1979. Balance due before May 18th. All must 4. Reports of District Committee Officers.
have pasports. 5. Discussion on reports.
6. Vote of confidence.
7. Election of District Committee Officers.
Enclosed is a check or Money Order in the amount of S 100.00 per
8. Adoption of District Program for 1979.
person made out to Menlo Park Travel, Menlo Park Mall, Edison, New 9. Address.
Jersey 0 8 8 1 7 , as a down payment. Please send brochures and other 10. Discussion and Resolutions.
pertinent literature to: її. Adjournment.
Signature: 12. Film on blessing of Lesia Ukrainka Monument at Soyuzivka.
:
Street Address: Meeting will be attended by:
City, State u Zip Code: A. JULA, UNA Supreme Advisor
Home Phone: S. HAWRYSZ, Senior Field Organizer
(indicate time when you Dmytro Holowatyj Andrew Jula,
can be reached) -
ДОК ЗОС
Secretary President
iKZZZZZMKZZZZDiKZZZZZ J
14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1, 1979 No. 73
^^ JW -a^-
Розмова дерев
Хвалився дуб:
— Я найкращий у всьому лісі. Гілля
в мене міцне та широке. Листя густе,
що й дощу не пропустить. А стовбур
який здоровенний! Двоє людей його
руками не обхоплять. Мене люди ша
ЛІР
нують найбільше.
— Неправда, дубе, — каже сосна.
— Я найкраща в лісі. Твоє листя восе
ни осипається. А я завжди зелена. Ме Kiev's Grand Prince Sviatoslav was affairs remained with Sviatoslav
не люди шанують найбільше. the son of Grand Prince Ihor and throughout his life. Whe he became the
— Ні-ні-ні! — шелестить береза. — Grand Princess Olha. Since his child grand prince, he made sure that his
Подивіться, яка я струнка та біленька. hood, he enjoyed listening to stories army had the best officers. He raised a
about the campaigns of the Ukrainian large army and carefully trained each
Хто побачить, той скаже: — Гляньте, armies and later he would imagine soldier.
яка гарна берізка! himself to be with them. Together with Sviatoslav lived very humbly, in no
— Не сваріться, не сваріться, — за the children in the royal court he would way did he resemble a grand prince. He
шумів їм вітер. — Усі вас шанують. conduct "military campaigns'' against did not wear expensive clothes, he
imaginary enemies - the Khazars or wasn't fickle — he led a strict and dis
Усі ви гарні: дуб, і сосна, і береза. the Pechenihs. This love of military ciplined life of a soldier. During cam
paigns he would sleep on the ground
and he would eat meat cooked over hot
носить, кожного сам припрошує; а тому цареві coals. His courage, bravery and
ГОРДИЙ ЦАР нещасному удвоє проти інших накладає та на strength were known to all neighbors
Українська народна казка ливає. and enemies of Ukraine — the Peche
Усіх нагодували й напоїли, а далі цар-янгол nihs, the Bulgars and the Greeks -
Ілюстрації М. Левицького почав розпитувати людей, чи нема кому якої крив and for that he was both respected and
(4) ди та образи. А я к стали вже люди розходитися, feared.
вийшов на браму з мішком грошей і всім дав по
А янгол, зробившись царем, поїхав з мисли The ancient Greek chronicler, Lev
гривні, а тому цареві нещасному — а ж три.
вими додому. Приїхав. Ніхто нічого й не догаду Diakon, described the Ukrainian grand
За гри роки знову впорядив цар-янгол обід і
ється, щ о то не цар, а янгол. знову скликав усіх людей. От нагодував, напоїв, prince thusly:
Коли ввечері приходить до нього пан-отець та розпитався, подарував усім по гривні, а тому ца "Sviatoslav sailed to our shores in a
й каже: реві нещасному знову дав а ж три гривні. normal, large boat. He oared together
— Воля твоя, царю, голову мою стяти: не За три роки ще раз впорядив цар-янгол обід with his men. He was of average height,
пристану я на те, щоб викинути й слово з Святого д л я всіх: і багатих і вбогих, і панів і мужиків. had thick eyebrows, blue eyes, a strong
Письма! Посходились люди, понаїдались, понапивались, nose and was clean shaven. His head
А цар йому: подякували, стали розходитись. Той цар нещасний was also shaven except for a hairlock
— Н у й слава Богу! Тепер я знаю, що в моїм і собі хотів іти, так цар-янгол його зупинив. По which meant he was of royal stock. His
царстві є такий священик, що міцно стоїть за сло вів до себе в палати та й к а ж е :
во Боже. Роблю тебе найстаршим архиєреєм. chest was wide and his body was
— Це тобі Бог присудив, щоб ти дев'ять літ strong. He had an earing with two
Пан-отець подякував, уклонився до землі та покутував свою гордість, а мене послав, щоб я pearls and one agate in an ear. His
й пішов собі, дивуючись: що це таке, що з гордого навчив тебе, як повинен цар людей жалувати. Ну, clothes were white and in no way did
ц а р я та зробився такий тихий та справедливий? тепер ти, бідуючи та тиняючись по світі, набрався
От і всі, всі дивуються, що таке з царем стало they differ from the others' clothes, ex
трохи розуму, — то гляди, щоб добре народом
с я : такий зробився тихий та поважний, на полю-. правив! Бо з цього часу ти будеш знову царем, а cept in cleanliness. His appearance was
вання не їздить, а все ходить, розпитується: де я полечу до Бога на небо. stern and frightening."
я к а неправда, чи я к а кому кривда, чи щ о ; на все Та де кажучи, звелів йому вмитися й поголи The soldiers were very loyal to Svia
сам увагу звертає. Скрізь суд справедливий су тися, — бо борода у нього виросла, наче в пасіч toslav and followed him on many cam
дить, суддів справедливих призначає. Я к перше ника, — дав йому царську одежу, а далі й к а ж е : paigns which brought glory to
народ сумував, так тепер радіє. І податки невеликі — Іди тепер — там у покоях сидить царська Ukraine.
і суд справедливий. чесна рада. Іди, там тебе ніхто не пізнає, що ти Grand Prince Sviatoslav waged
А цар той — так бідує, так бідує! той самий, що старцем тинявся. Нехай тобі Бог many wars against the Asiatic hordes
Коли за три роки приходить царський наказ, поможе у всім добрім!
щоб на такий то й такий день усі сходилися до which invaded Ukraine. In the course
Та я к сказав це, то й не стало його, тільки of five years his armies dealt them such
царя обідати: і багаті і вбогі, і пани й мужики.
одежа лишилася. a severe blow that the mere mention of
І посходились усі, прийшов і той цар нещасливий.
А на царськім дворі такого, такого столів понак От цар насамперед помолився щиро Богу, а his name brought terror to the hearts
ривано, що Господи! тоді й пішов на раду. Від тої пори правив він на of his enemies. During that time
От сідають усі за столи, п'ють, їдять, а сам цар- родом так, як його янгол навчив. Ukraine experienced peace.
янгол з міністрами усякі напитки та наїдки роз (Кінець! (Continued on page 15)
No. 73 T H E U K R A I N I A N WEEKLY S U N D A Y , A P R I L 1, 1979 15
Our tenant
We were all very happy when a fir and scampered a r o u n d our yard.
squirrel decided to make her home in During a u t u m n there was a big
the hollow of the old mulberry tree in storm — a bolt of lightning split the
our backyard. mulberry tree down the middle and the
In the yard next to ours there was a strong wind blew it to the ground. The
hickory tree with plenty of hickory
nuts for the squirrel to eat and a large
squirrel's home was destroyed and we
didn't know where she was. WORD JUMBLE
fir tree with many cones. The squirrel Then, in a week or so, we saw the Ukrainian lakes
would go next door to get the food she squirrel on our roof. She looked at us,
stored for the winter - some of it in scampered up the roof and j u m p e d The jumbled words below represent the names of Ukrainian lakes. They are spelled
as they appear in Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia. Letters underlined with a double
the hollow of the mulberry tree and into the chimney. Every day we
line form the mystery word.
some of it in the ground. watched her climb the roof with bits of
We loved to watch the little acrobat grass and leaves and even pieces of
as she jumped from the hickory to the (Continued on page 16) ZLUBIHI r s
БОГУТЛ
БАГАТИР
-t^TSF?
fyj; '"""^-""""^cagar^r
Besseg^Ssss^gssBfteHssseewsSs ешитш,
"That's not my brother. My brother was bn "Don't fear," S.-Jid Bohuta as Marusia gave A moment later the child was transformed
Це ж у р а в л и к - ж у р н а л і с т , That's a small bov." the child a drink of Baba's potion. into a \oung man.
д о в г а ш и я , к у ц и й хвіст. "My brother," they both said and embraced.
Крипа й ноги сильні має,
то п о з с ю д и він б у в а є . — Це не мій брат! Мій був ве- — Стривай! — к а ж е Богута, і Одна хвилина — з маляти зро
Все він ч у в , ликий, а це якесь м а л я . . . . / . ; Маруся д а л а дитині напитясь, ба^ бився дорослий печеніг.
і в с е він з н а є . биного старозілля. — Брате мій! - - обнялися.
16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 1,1979 No. 73