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Cell Componets?
• PURPOSE
• HYPOTHESIS
• EXPERIMENT DESIGN
• MATERIALS
• PROCEDURES
• RESULTS
• CONCLUSION
• RESEARCH REPORT
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• ACKNOWLEGEMENTS
PURPOSE
HYPOTHESIS
My hypothesis is that the DNA will survive separated from the other
cell components.
• Extracted DNA
MATERIALS
1
Pair of Glasses
2 Bottle of Ethanol
10mL
Dishwashing detergent
1.5gm Table Salt
5mL EDTA
3gm Meat Tenderizer
Cutting Board
1
1 Kitchen knife
Coffee Filters
3
1 Large funnel
Thermometer
1
300mL Water at 60degrees C
100mL Ice
RESULTS
The original purpose of this experiment was to see, by extracting DNA
from an onion; if it could survive separated from other cell
components.
The results of the experiment were that DNA could live separated from
the other cell components for a very long while (Years).
See the table and Graph
CONCLUSION
My hypothesis was is that the DNA will survive separated from the
other cell components.
The results indicate that this hypothesis should be accepted and that
DNA lived separated from the other cell components.
Because of the results of this experiment, I wonder what would happen
if you took a cold string of DNA and a room temperature and combined
them.
If I were to conduct this project again I would use like to use a
microorganism DNA, instead of onion DNA.
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RESEARCH REPORT
History
Gregor Mendel did the first DNA experiments; He kept records of every
plant that was produced through his pea plant experiment. He started
with 34 varieties of pea seeds in which he noticed 7 opposing
characteristics among the plants. The pea plants were self-pollinating
plants so Mendel was able to leave them alone after the first
generation. With this generation he bred a tall plant with a short plant
by self cross-pollinating them. In result, he noticed that all of the
offspring were tall. The change came in the next generation, though, in
which, out of the 1,064 plants obtained, 787 were tall and 277 were
short, which was about a 3 to 1 average.
The Cell
DNA is the molecule of life. There are two types, RNA and DNA.DNA is
the genetic material that makes up the chromosomes in the nucleus and
RNA is in the cytoplasm, which is in the cell. DNA is the "ladder" of
heredity. DNA called genes determines the organisms. Genes are located
in chromosomes, the threads like things in the nucleus. When cells
divide they carry instruction to form proteins. DNA can contain anywhere
from a dozen genes (like in a virus), to tens of thousands of genes in a
higher organism (humans). When an organism is being created a single
DNA cell copies it self to form two exact offspring!
Lysing
Membranes made of fats/oils with some protein tie both the cell and its
nucleus together. The "breaking down" of membranes is called lysing; in
fact that’s where "Lysol" the dish detergent got its name. Cells contain
enzymes. Some of them destroy DNA that is not protected inside the
nucleus. Having destroyed the nuclear membranes, it will expose DNA to
the enzymes. For example dishwashing detergent is a type of lysing it
breaks down the grease on dishes.
The Genetic Code
The genetic code is the "blueprint" that makes up every living organism.
It converts information found in DNA into information needed to make
proteins.
Cloning
The dictionary says cloning is the technique of producing a genetically
identical duplicate of an organism. The method that Wilmut and
Campbell used to clone the sheep "Dolly" in 1997 is called Nuclear
Transfer. Nuclear Transfer is transferring the nucleus where the DNA is
held, thus where the genetic information is coded. This is basically what
DNA does each time it separates.
SUMMARY
DNA is the basis of every living thing. It is the most basic cell next to
atoms. DNA has a very unique way of living. DNA is in every living cell. It
thrives in chromosomes and chromosomes live in the nucleus of every
cell, blood, brain, or any other.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY