International Journal of Business Management & Research (IJBMR) ISSN 2249-6920 Vol.

3, Issue 3, Aug 2013, 179-184 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS OF VALSAD DISTRICT LOCATED IN GUJARAT STATE

DHIMEN JANI & LALIT PIPLIWAL Research Scholar, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, India

ABSTRACT
Many times it has been observed that, people with high I.Q. often failed to cope-up with the circumstances which had triggered the need of something else called Emotional Intelligence Success not just depends on I.Q. (intelligence quotient) but also on E.Q. (emotional quotient) E.Q. is the ability to understand nature and felling of others as well as own. Research has suggested that to be successful in life E.Q. is equal or even more important than I.Q. The study intended to identify E.Q. of students across Valsad District. The data was collected during Dec.12/Jan.13. For examination Emotional Intelligence Test developed by Dr. N.K. Chadha (1998) was applied. Data were analyzed by T-test in the emotional intelligence of male and female student. The result revealed that there is no significant difference in emotional intelligence of male and female category of students of Valsad District. (Rural)

KEYWORDS: Emotional Intelligence, Demographical Factor, Gender INTRODUCTION

Quite often, we have heard about Intelligence Quotient (IQ), I.Q. For the past many years, it has been used to evaluate the employee at the organization and even student has to give IQ test to get admission in good school/college. Now the time has come up with new era of evaluation that is Emotional Quotient (EQ). It has been observed many times by researchers that many people with high IQ failed to cope up with the situation, while the employee with low IQ somehow managed to hang in. After much extensive research it was found that, employee/student with high IQ does not guarantee success in critical situation. They might suffer from problems like depression, stress etc. In order to deal with this problem researchers have concreted on the element which was necessary besides IQ and they found EQ. There is no such exact definition of EQ, but according to
1

N.H. Frijda, Emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something . Nowadays, good level of EQ is

relatively important besides IQ. Edward L. Thorndike stated social intelligence as The ability to understand and manage men and women, boys and girls- to act wisely in human relations.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Anger, love, joy, pride, fear, envy, jealously, disappointment, hope, hate, happiness, sadness etc. are some of the emotions which use in daily life cycle. However some of the researcher has limited the emotions in six basic emotions that are happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger and disgust. The first systematic attempt was made by Deniel Goleman in his book Emotional Intelligence in 1955. He found five broad dimensions of emotional intelligence, they are as follows. Self Awareness The ability to recognize ones emotions as well its effect on those around us. Self-Regulation The ability to control ones impulsive judgment and reaction.

180

Dhimen Jani & Lalit Pipliwal

Self Motivation The ability to pursue goals persistently as a higher calling and not for money or status alone. Empathy The ability to empathize with emotional state of others and respond accordingly. Social Skills The ability to network and build rapport with others.

RESEARCH DESIGN
This research is Analytical type of research. It is intended towards identification of emotional intelligence of rural students of Valsad District. The survey was conducted of 200 students from different stream i.e. science, arts, commerce, management etc. out of which four response-sheet was found invalid.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Many researches has been carried out to identify differences in EI between both Gender (e.g. Tapai, 1998; Sutarso 1998; Bar-On, 2000; Mayer, et al. 2000; Zeidner, et al. 2001 etc.) Howard Gardner has identified three different types of intelligence. o Linguistic Intelligence Persons who manifest this type of intelligence are good at writing, reading, telling stories etc. o Logical-Mathematical People high on logical intelligence are interested in patterns, categories and relationships. They are attracted to arithmetical problems, strategy games and experiments. o Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence This type of intelligence processes knowledge through bodily sensations and such persons are often athletes, dancers, or good at crafts such as sewing and woodwork. There is growing research that connects emotional intelligence and emotional skills to achievement, productivity, career success, personal health, resilience, and leadership (H. Gardner, 1983, 1993, 1997; Goleman, 1995, 1997; Sternberg, 1985, 1990; Salovey and Mayer, 1997; Epstein, 1998; Dryden and Vos, 1994; Damasio, 1994; Weisenger, 1985, 1998; Greenspan, 1997; Astin and Associates, 1993; Townsend and Gephardt, 1997; Nelson and Low,19762003). The foundation of the emotional learning process is a positive assessment of thirteen emotional skills organized around four key competencies (Nelson and Low 1999, 2003). Leading educators have identified and emphasized the importance of a healthy school climate for student learning and achievement (Goodlad, 1983; McQuary, 1983). As Cross (1998) surmises, our schools have been successful at serving the needs of our nation's workplace by operating under the same assumptions and through the establishment of simila r organizational structures of high supervision, high standardization, and interchangeable students. (p. 10) Goleman (1995) made study on emotional differences between the Genders. On the assumption that there are differences between man and women in norms of emotional behavior, EI resides in applying the correct norm at the correct time

Emotional Intelligence of Students of Valsad District Located in Gujarat State

181

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This study attempts to identify the emotional intelligence of rural students of Valsad District on the basis of gender. It will explore whether there is any significant difference between male and female students of Valsad District in terms of emotional intelligence? The research on emotional intelligence suggest that people with high EQ also possess the high selfesteem need which means they are happier, healthier, successful than those with low EQ.

LIMITATION OF STUDY
The study is limited to 200 respondents only, from surrounding regional rural areas of Valsad District located in Gujarat. The findings of research may not apply to the Gujarat state or the country. The evaluation of responses is mostly subjective by author.

OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
To find out the level of emotional intelligence of a sample of college students in valsad district. To identify whether emotional intelligence of male and female student differ significantly

Hypothesis Development H1: There is insignificant difference between emotional intelligence score of male and female students of valsad district. (Rural) Source of Data Primary data is collected through structured questionnaire. Secondary data is collected through various research reports and books

Data Collection Method Primary data is collected through structured questionnaire by face to face interview. While secondary data is collected from various websites, research reports and various books of organization behavior Sampling Plan Population Valsad District Sampling Unit Student of various Streams Sampling Method Convenient sampling Sample size 200 Valid Responses 196

Analytical Tools Applied Microsoft Excel 2007 Statistical Tools & Techniques Applied There are several techniques available to analyze data and to draw a conclusion. For this purpose t-test (independent

182

Dhimen Jani & Lalit Pipliwal

sample) is used to judge the phenomena.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The findings as shown in table no.1 (t= 0.0061, df= 196, p<0.01 and p<0.05) indicates there is no significant association between the obtained scores of male and female students. Table 1: Mean, S.D., and T-Value of Both Categories (Based on EQ Test) Gender Female Male Number 98 98 Mean 211.98 198.41 S.D. 36.1821 32.241 t - Value 0.006 Level of Sign. 1% (2.58) 5% (1.96) Null Hypothesis Accepted Accepted

The result of present study which aimed to investigate whether there is any gender based difference in emotional intelligence of students of valsad district. The findings suggested that there is insignificant difference between gender based scores of students of valsad district. This clearly indicates that the null hypothesis (H0) is accepted. However, it is quite opposite of the earlier findings; Goleman (1998) found that women are slightly superior to men in perceiving emotions has been know through test of non-verbal perception. However, the amount research on EQ specifically conducted for rural students is very low. Further research can be done to identify why there is not much difference in EQ of both students.

REFERENCES
1. Astin, A. W. (1996). Involvement in Learning Revisited: Lessons We Have Learned. Journal of College Student Development, 37(2), 123-134. 2. Astin, A. W. (1993). A Social Change Model of Leadership Development Guide. College Park, MD : National Clearinghouse for Leadership Programs. 3. 4. 5. Cross, K. P. (1998, July-August). Why Learning Communities? Why now? About Campus, 4-12. Daniel Goleman: Emotional Intelligence, Banta, Books, New York, 1995, pp. 289-290 Dryden, Gorden and Vos, Jeannete (1994) The Learning Revolution. Winnepeg, Canada: Skills of Learning Publications. 6. 7. 8. 9. Damasio, Antonio R. (1994) Descartes Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. New York, NY: Avon Bo oks. Epstein, S. (1998) Constructive Thinking: The Key to Emotional Intelligence, Prager Press. Gardner, Howard (1983) Frames of Mind. New York, NY: Basic Books. Gardner, Howard (1993) Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York, NY: Basic Books.

10. Gardner, Howard; Mayer, John & Sternberg, Robert (1997) Expanding Our Concept of Intelligence. Chicago, IL: A presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. 11. Goleman, Daniel (1995) Emotional Intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books. 12. Goleman, Daniel (1998) Working with Emotional Intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Books. 13. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ . New York: Bantam Books.

Emotional Intelligence of Students of Valsad District Located in Gujarat State

183

14. Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. 15. Greenspan, Stanley I. (1997) The Growth of the Mind. New York, NY: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. 16. Howard Gardner: Frames of Mind: the theory of multiple intelligence (10 th Anniversary Edition), Basic Books, New York, 1993. 17. McQuary, John P. (1983) Personal Skills Development in an Educational Setting. Corpus Christi, TX: A paper presented at the Personal Skills Mapping Conference. 18. Nelson, K. A Comparison of Levels of Personal Skills in Distressed and Non -Distressed Marriages. East Texas State University, 1981. 19. Nelson, D. and Low, G. (2003) Emotional Intelligence: Achieving Academic and Career Excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice-Hall. 20. Nelson, D. and Low, G. (2003) Instructors Manual for Emotional Intelligence: Achieving Academic and Career Excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice-Hall. 21. Nelson, Darwin and Low, Gary (1999) Achieving Excellence through Emotional Intelligence. Corpus Christi, TX and Kingsville, TX: Professional development workshops for educators, human resource professionals, counselors, and managers at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi and Texas A&M University-Kingsville. 22. N.J. Frijda: Moods, Emotions Episods and Emotions, in M.Lewis and J.M. Haviland (Eds.): Hand book of Emotions, Guilford Press, New York, 1993, pp. 381-403 23. Sternberg, Robert and Davidson, J. E. (Eds.) (1990) Intelligence Testing: Special Issue, Educational Psychologist. 24. Sternberg, Robert (1985) Beyond IQ: A Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 25. Townsend, Patrick and Gebhardt, Joan (1997) Five Star Leadership. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 26. Weisenger, Hendrie (1985) Dr. Weisengers Anger Work-Out Book. New York, NY: Quill Press. 27. Weisenger, Hendrie (1998) Emotional Intelligence at Work. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.