INTRODUCTION:

Definition:
Organized efforts and procedures for identifying workplace hazards and reducing accidents and exposure to harmful situations and substances. It also includes training of personnel in accident prevention, accident response, emergency preparedness, and use of protective clothing and equipment. Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to several types of hazards and accidents. Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total disablement. So in recent years, greater attention is given to health and safety due to pressure from government, trade unions, labour laws and awareness of employers. The efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the environment in which the work. Work environment consists of all the factors, which act and react on the body and mind of an employee. The primary aim is to create an environment, which ensures the greatest ease of work and removes all causes of worries. Occupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it should aim at:
a)

The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations.

b)

The prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working conditions.

c)

The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health.

d)

The placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs.

e)

The adaptation of work to humans.

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Health and Safety measures are inevitable to any organization where workers are involved. Its an organizations responsibility to provide to its workers beyond the payment of wages for their services. The workers health and safety on and off the job with in the organization is a vital concern of the employer. The working environment in a factory adversely affects the workers health and safety because of the excessive heat or cold, noise, odors, fumes, dust and lack of sanitation and pure air etc., which leads to accident or injury or disablement or loss of life to the workers. Providing a health and safer environment is a pre-requisite for any productive effort. These must be held in check by providing regular health check-up, protective devices and compensatory benefits to the workers.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To Study the health and safety measure adopted in NATCO pharma LTD To study the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the work place To find out the Occurrence of Accident Happened at the work place. To find out the Satisfaction Laval of Employee towards health and safety measures provided by NATCO.

To Give Suggestions to improve the Health and safety In the Organization.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

The scope of the study is extended to know the health & safety measures adopted by NATCO at Nagarjuna Sagar for low level employees in production department.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Research methodology describes how the research study was undertaken. This includes the specifications of source of data, research design, and method of data collection, the sampling method and the tools used. SAMPLE DESIGN: Geographical area: The study is conducted in NALGONDA (Nagarjuna Sagar) District. Duration of project: The duration of project work is about 45 days Sample units: The sampling units used by the low and middle level employees in production department in Natco Pharma employees. SAMPLE SIZE The number of samples collected by the researcher is 135. Sampling procedure / Sampling method: The sampling method used for this study is Convenience sampling method, which is selected according to the easy and convenience of the researcher.

SOURCE OF DATA: Primary data: The researcher collected both by direct survey from the employees through questionnaire. The researcher used structured questionnaire. Secondary data: Here the researcher collected secondary data from the company profile, industry profile and official web sites.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT: Research instrument used for data collecting is questionnaire and interview schedule. Questionnaire The questionnaire is prepared in a well-structured and non disguised form so that it is easily understandable and answerable by everyone. The type of questions include in the questionnaire are open-ended questions, multiple choice questions and dichotomous questions. Interview Schedule The interview method of collecting data involves presentation of oral-verbal stimuli and reply in terms of oral-verbal responses. Then the responses are filled up in the questionnaire, for further analysis.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

The study is applicable only to Natco Pharma ltd, Nagarjuna Sagar. Therefore the results cannot be generalized for the whole industry.

Due to time constraints the sample size had to be confined to 135. The respondents have replied to the queries recalling from their memory. Therefore recall bias and personal bias are possible.

Since the data was collected using a schedule, the interviewer unable to understand and record the responses correctly.

The respondents were unable or unwilling to give response.

FRAME WORK OF ANALYSIS:

STASTICAL TOOLS USED FOR ANALYSIS:

The researcher carries out analysis through various statistical tools. The statistical analysis is useful for drawing inference from the collected information.

Simple percentage analysis Bar diagrams Pie charts

INDUSTRY PROFLE
THE INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
The Indian pharmaceutical sector has come a long way, being almost non-existent before1970 to a prominent provider of healthcare products, meeting almost 95 per cent of the countrys pharmaceuticals needs. The Industry today is in the front rank of Indias science-based industries with wide ranging capabilities in the complex field of drug manufacture and technology. It ranks very high in the third world, in terms of technology, quality and range of medicines manufactured. From simple headache pills to sophisticated antibiotics and complex cardiac compounds, almost every type of medicine is now made indigenously. Playing a key role in promoting and sustaining development in the vital field of medicines, Indian Pharma Industry boasts of quality producers and many units approved by regulatory authorities in USA and UK. International companies associated with this sector have stimulated, assisted and spearheaded this dynamic development in the past 53 years and helped to put India on the pharmaceutical map of the world. The Indian Pharmaceutical sector is highly fragmented with more than 20,000 registered units with severe price competition and government price control. It has expanded drastically in the last two decades. There are about 250 large units that control 70 per cent of the market with market leader holding nearly 7 per cent of the market share and about 8000 Small Scale Units together which form the core of the pharmaceutical industry in India (including 5 Central Public Sector Units). These units produce the complete range of pharmaceutical formulations, i.e., medicines ready for consumption by patients and about 350 bulk drugs, i.e., chemicals having therapeutic value and used for production of pharmaceutical formulations.

Following the de-licensing of the pharmaceutical industry, industrial licensing for most of the drugs and pharmaceutical products has been done away with. Manufacturers are free to produce any drug duly approved by the Drug Control Authority. Technologically strong and totally self-reliant, the pharmaceutical industry in India has low costs of production, low R&D costs, innovative scientific manpower, strength of national laboratories and an increasing balance of trade. The Pharmaceutical industry in India is the world's third-largest in terms of volume and stands 14th in terms of value. According to Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, the total turnover of India's pharmaceuticals industry between 2008 and September 2009 was US$21.04 billion.[2] While the domestic market was worth US$12.26 billion. Sale of all types of medicines in the country is expected to reach around US$19.22 billion by 2012. Exports of pharmaceuticals products from India increased from US$6.23 billion in 2006-07 to US$8.7 billion in 2008-09 a combined annual growth rate of 21.25%.[2] According to PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC) in 2010, India joined among the league of top 10 global pharmaceuticals markets in terms of sales by 2020 with value reaching US$50 billion. The government started to encourage the growth of drug manufacturing by Indian companies in the early 1960s, and with the Patents Act in 1970. However, economic

liberalization in 90s by the former Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and the then Finance Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh enabled the industry to become what it is today. This patent act removed composition patents from food and drugs, and though it kept process patents, these were shortened to a period of five to seven years.

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

The Indian Pharmaceutical industry has been witnessing phenomenal growth in recent years, driven by rising consumption levels in the country and strong demand from export markets. The pharmaceutical industry in India is estimated to be worth about US$ 10 bn, growing at an annual rate of 9%. In world rankings, the domestic industry stands fourth in terms of volume and 13th in value terms. The ranking in value terms may also be a reflection of the low prices at which medicines are sold in the country. The industry has seen tremendous progress in terms of infrastructure development, technology base and the wide range of products manufactured. Demand from the exports market has been growing rapidly due to the capability of Indian players to produce cost-effective drugs with world class manufacturing facilities. Bulk drugs of all major therapeutic groups, requiring complicated manufacturing processes are now being produced in India. Pharma companies have developed Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) compliant facilities for the production of different dosage forms.

Industry Trends A highly fragmented industry, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is estimated to have over 10,000 manufacturing units, as given by the Organization of Pharmaceutical Producers of India. The organized sector accounts for just 5% of the industry with around 300 players, while a huge 95% is in the unorganized sector. A large number of players in the unorganized segment are small and medium enterprises and this segment contributes 35% of the industrys turnover.

Bulk drug The Bulk Drug Manufacturers Association (India) was formed in 1991 with Hyderabad as its Head Quarters. This is an all India body representing all the Bulk Drug Manufacturers of India. The Association works for the consolidation of gains of the industry and serves as a catalyst between the government and the industry on the various issues for the growth of the industry Bulk drug manufacturing is largely concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, which accounts for more than one-third of the countrys total bulk drug production, followed by Gujarat. The Indian bulk drug industry has lately been gaining signify cant presence in the global market as foreign and multinational companies are looking to sourcing APIs and intermediates from Indian manufacturers. Factors favoring the industry are a vast resource of technical people, state of- theart manufacturing facilities, low cost and the advantage of the English language. As part of governments support to increase exports, duty free zones have been set up and several manufacturers of bulk drugs have been shifting their facilities to these areas. As a result, the diverse spread has now started getting consolidated and concentrated in certain regions across the country. Key Drivers for the Pharmaceutical Industry Growing orientation towards Research and Development (R&D) The introduction of product patent in India has brought some fundamental changes in strategies of Indian pharmaceutical companies, with focus shifting more towards R&D.The original Indian patent law, which recognized only process patent, gave Indian companies the opportunity to produce products under patent in overseas markets, particularly regulated markets, by adopting new processes. Consequently, companies were in advantageous position to produce drugs through reverse engineering at relatively very low cost that helped the domestic industry to

grow faster during the initial stages of development. On the other hand, this discouraged multinational companies from launching their new products in India, fearing duplication of their new drug discovery through reverse engineering. As a result, MNCs market share declined from 70% prior to 1972 to 20% at present. Growing exports Exports have been the major growth enabler of the Indian pharmaceutical industry in recent years. India exports pharmaceutical products, APIs and intermediates to more than 200 countries across the world. Traditionally, Russia, Germany, Nigeria and Indias neighboring countries like Sri Lanka, Nepal, and the Middle East were the major markets for Indian pharmaceutical exports. Most of these markets are not highly regulated and are considered to be low-value markets.

Expanding presence in regulated market Over the years, India has shown better regulatory awareness and superior technical skills, which has enabled Indian companies to penetrate the high-value markets like the US and EU. Exports of pharmaceutical products (finished products as classified under heading 30 of ITC-HS code) to the US grew by an impressive 33% to Rs 23 bn and by a whopping 62% to Rs 35 bn to the EU during FY04-FY06. Regulated markets, though difficult to penetrate due to stringent regulations, are known to give better value and margin to exporters

Formulations The administration of a medicine is a common but important clinical procedure. It is the manner in which a medicine is administered that will determine to some extent whether or not the patient gains any clinical benefit, and whether they suffer any adverse effect from their medicines. Routes of administration There are various routes of administration available, each of which has associated advantages and disadvantages. All the routes of drug administration need to be understood in terms of their implications for the effectiveness of the drug therapy and the patients experience of drug treatment. Routes of administration

Oral: Tablets, capsules, powders are taken internally. Topical: ointments, creams, liquids, aerosols that are applied on the skin Parenteral Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous Others: such as eye-drops, pessaries, surgical dressings etc.

COMPANY PROFILE: Natco Pharma Limited

NATCO PHARMA LIMITED was incorporated in Hyderabad in the year 1981 with an initial investment of INR 3.3 million. With a modest beginning of operations as a single unit with 20employees, NATCO today has five manufacturing facilities spread across India with dedicated modern research laboratories, capabilities in New Drug Development, etc.

NATCO family currently consists of more than 2500 employees; we are consistently ranked among fastest growing pharmaceutical companies in India. NATCO is well recognized for its innovation in Pharmaceutical R&D.

NATCO is utilizing its collective professional experience to kick start its transformation into a major player in the global pharmaceutical industry.We is acclaimed by our customers for our Quality, Performance and Reliability. We are committed to the creation and maximization of wealth for our shareholders.

Natco Pharma was promoted by V C Nannapaneni in the year 1981 as a private company to be in the business of research, developing, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical substances and finished dosage forms for Indian and International markets. The company began its operations in 1984 in Andhra Pradesh.In the first year of its operations, it achieved a sales figure of Rs 0.5 million. The companys first product was Cardicap, which is an anti -anginal drug. Since then, the company has introduced many dosage forms into the market. By 1985 it had dosage forms in the cardiovascular, anti-cold, anti-asthmatic and antibiotic segments.

The company was ranked 82nd in sales among Indian pharmaceutical companies in 1994. Natco also has the credit of being one of the largest contract manufacturers in India. Some of the well-known companies like Ranbaxy, Dr Reddy's Laboratories, John Wyeth, etc. get their products manufactured by Natco.

Natco Pharma grew in size when three companies, Natco Parenterals, Dr Karanth Pharma Labs and Natco Laboratories merged with it.Today the company, which began its operations as a single unit with 20 employees, has four manufacturing facilities and employs around 1500 people. It has an on-line data for analysis and decision making. Consistently ranked among the fastest growing pharmaceutical companies in the country, Natco is utilizing its collective experience to kick start its future plans as a global company.

COMPANY HISTORY - NATCO PHARMA LTD.

NATCO PHARMA LTD. was incorporated on 19th September, 1981 in Andhra Pradesh as a Pvt. Ltd. Company as NATCO FINE PHARMACEUTICALS P. LTD. and became a deemed Public Company with effect from 1st July, 1992 under Section 43A of the Act. Subsequently, it changed its name to NATCO PHARMA LTD. on 18th February, 1993 and received change of name certificate.The Company began operations in 1984 with an objective to manufacture conventional and Timed Release Dosage forms of life savings drugs. The company's factory is located 35km. away from Hyderabad on Bangalore Highway No. 7. to manufacture a wide range of tablets, capsules, liquids and dry powders using automated equipments Indigenisation of Microdialysis Cell technology for various dosage forms was taken up as a challenge and Company had introduced Antihistaminic, Antianxiety, Antiasthmatic, Cardiac Drugs into Indian M.rket for the first time in sustained action dosage forms.

The

major

products

manufactured

by

the

company

are

as

follows:

FLOCY (CIPROFLOXACIN HCI), NATCOCILLIN (AMPICILLIN), NATAMOX (AMOXYCILLIN), TR PHYLLIN (THEOPHYLLINE), BETACAP TR

(PROPRANOLOL HCI), CARDICAP TR (ISOSORBIDE-Dl-NlTRATE), IBUBID TR (IBUPROFEN), NACLO TR (DICLOFENAC SODIUM), CAMRELEASE TR

(DIAZEPAM), CEPIAM TR (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE), POTRELEASE TR (POTASSIUM CHLORIDE), COLDACT (PHENYL PROPANOLAMINE) HCI + CHLORPHENlRAMINEMALEATE) The Company holds the necessary licences issued by the Drug Control Authorities for the manufacture of these drugs at its existing plant at Kothur, Mahaboobnagar. The turnover of the unit increased progressively; the turnover which was at Rs. 730 lacs for the year 1989-90 has grown to Rs. 3689.24 Lacs for the year 1993-94. Incorporated in Sep.'81 as Natco Fine Pharmaceutical Ltd, it became a deemed public company with effect from Jul.'92 and in Feb.'93, it changed its name to Natco Pharma (NPL). NPL began to manufacture conventional and timerelease dosage forms of life-saving drugs. NPL is a contract manufacturer for reputed companies like Ranbaxy and Parke Davis. It has also obtained the coveted ISO 9002 certification, which will boost exports. It has initiated registration proceedings (for its formulations) in over 20 countries. To channelise its operations in the US, NPL has formed a new subsidiary, Natco Pharma, US. It has entered into research collaborations with Regional Research Laboratories, Jammu, for keto-L-gluconic acid (a penultimate for iso-ascorbic acid), with the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology for synthetic peptides and with the Central Leather Research Institute for oral vaccines. The company has introduced drugs like diltiazem, mononitrate, etc, in time-release form. Natco Laboratories, Natco Parenterals and Karanth Pharmaceuticals have

merged with the flagship company, NPL to capitalise on the opportunities in the post-GATT era, to provide a large asset base and to increase high-technology capability. During 1995-96, NPL has implemented the project for formulations in the US. As a part of its diversification plans, the company is participating in the development of Krishnapatnam Industrial Port City Project, Nellore District, in collaboration with ITOCHU, Japan; Flour Daniels, USA; and HAM, Netherlands to create infrastructure. During 1996-97, the company entered into a agreement whereby Ranbaxy Laboratories (RLL) acquires rights in marketing certain NPL's products in Russia, Ukraine and other countries of CIS. Krishnapatnam Port Project has succeeded in signinig up with the UK based Indo British Port Development Consortium to develop the project. Natco is a minority participant in this project. The Andhra Pradesh government has extended the time allowed for time closure of Krishnapatnam Port project by another 2 years. The project is now proposed to be developed in 2 phases 1 V C Nannapaneni 3 V C Nannapaneni 2 M Adinarayana 4 Nitin Jagannath Deshmukh 5 G S Murthy 6 B S Bajaj 7 TV Rao 8 P Bhaskara Narayana 9 AKS Bhujanga Rao 10 Rajeev Nannapaneni Chairman Managing Director Company Secretary Additional Director Independent Director Independent Director Nominee Director - EXIM Bank Whole Time Director Whole Time Director Vice Chairman & Chief Executive officer

Date of Establishment Revenue Market Cap Corporate Address

1981 0 ( USD in Millions ) 13518.6575866 ( Rs. in Millions ) Natco House,Road No 2,Banjara HillsHyderabad-500033, Andhra Pradesh www.natchopharma.co.in

Management Details

Chairperson - V C Nannapaneni MD - V C Nannapaneni Directors - AKS Bhujanga Rao, B S Bajaj, Bhaskara Narayana, C P Ravindranath, Durga Devi N, G S Murthy, Jasti Samba Siva Rao, M Adinarayana, Mukul Sarkar, Nitin Deshmukh, Nitin Jagannath Deshmukh, P Bhaskara Narayana, Rajeev Nannapaneni, Rajeev Nannapanent, TV Rao, V C Nannapaneni

Business Operation Background

Pharmaceuticals & Drugs Natco Pharma was promoted by V C Nannapaneni in the year 1981 as a private company to be in the business of research, developing, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical substances and finished dosage forms for Indian and International markets. The company began its operations in 1984 in Andhra Pradesh. In the first year of its operations, it achieved a sales figure of Rs 0.5 million. The companys

Financials

Total Income - Rs. 4451.906377 Million ( year ending Mar 2012) Net Profit - Rs. Million ( year ending Mar 2012)

Company Secretary Bankers Auditors

M Adinarayana

Brahmayya & Co

Business area of the company Natco manufactures a comprehensive range of branded and generic dosage forms, bulk actives and intermediates for both Indian as well as International markets.

The product range of the company includes:

Diltiazem Omeprazole Lansoprazole Isosorbides Sumatriptan succinate Ondansetron Sertraline Granisetron Paroxetine Newer Quinolones and fourth genaration Cephalosorins

Certification / Recognition

ISO 9002 certified dosage facility ISO-14001 certificate

Milestones

Incorporated - 1981 for manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations. First full year in Operations - 1984 - sales Rs 0.5 million. Pioneered Timed Release, a delayed acting sustained release technology. Achieved a rare feat of introducing the largest array of timed release products based on zero order release concept of micro dialysis cell technology.

Started Parenteral Manufacturing facility at Nagarjunasagar, India - 1986. Acquired Dr Karanth Pharma Chemical Labs, a small bulk drug manufacturer, now known as Natco Research Center.

Established bulk drug and Intermediate facility at Mekaguda, India. This facility is TGA approved, and certified for its environmental management systems (ISO-14001).

State-of-the-art manufacturing facilities - cGMP, ISO 9002 certified dosage facility. A wide distribution network, Indian and international. Merged three of the group companies with the parent, Natco Pharma Limited - 1995. Granted US patent for its manufacturing process of Omeprazole.

Launched anti-cancer drug-Imatinib Mesylate 100 mg capsules under the brand name VEENAT, Process developed in-house.

ABOUT PLANT

Having well equipped solvent recovery plant and recovery solvents are being used

there by reducing the inventory.

Environmental care is being taken by using the incineration and scrubbing

systems arresting the liberated gases in to the atmosphere.

Automation system is provided so that when the incinerator is stopped the feeding

stops automatically. Stand by scrubbers are provided for the alternate arrangement to the incinerator.

Having well equipped power charging, weighing and filling systems to reduce

man handling in the final stages.

Constantly striving to reduce the manufacturing cost of the products by reducing

the solvent losses and upgrading the systems.

COMPANY VISION, MISSION AND OBJECTIVE VISION A world class, innovation, Competitive and profitable Engineering Enterprise Providing total business Solutions. To be a top 20 global pharmaceutical company by 2020 MISSION To be the leading Engineering Enterprise providing Quality products System and services in the field of Energy, Transportation, Industry, Infrastructure and other potential areas.

VALUES Quality We are dedicated to achieving the highest levels of the quality in everything we do to delight Labours, internal & external, every time. Respect for the Individual We uphold the self esteem and diginity of each other by creating an open culture conductive for expression of views and ideas irrespective of the hierarchy. Innovation & Continuous Learning We create an environment of innovation and learning that fosters, in each one of us, a desire to excel and willingness to experiment. Collaboration & Teamwork We seek opportunities to build relationships and leverages knowledge, expertise and resource to create greater valve functions, business and locations. Harmony & Social Responsibility We take care to protect our natural environment and serve the communities in which we live and work Meeting commitments made to External and internal Labours. Faster learning, Creativity and Speed of response. Respect for Dignity and potential of individuals. Loyalty and Pride in the Company Zeal to Excel Integrity and fairness in all matters.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Definition:
Organized efforts and procedures for identifying workplace hazards and reducing accidents and exposure to harmful situations and substances. It also includes training of personnel in accident prevention, accident response, emergency preparedness, and use of protective clothing and equipment. Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to several types of hazards and accidents. Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total disablement. So in recent years, greater attention is given to health and safety due to pressure from government, trade unions, labour laws and awareness of employers. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), health and safety at work is aimed at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention among workers of leaving work due to health problems caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his or her physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarise, the adaptation of work to the person and of each person to their job.

The efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the environment in which the work. Work environment consists of all the factors, which act and react on the body and mind of an employee. The primary aim is to create an environment, which ensures the greatest ease of work and removes all causes of worries.

Occupational health and safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it should aim at:
f)

The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations.

g)

The prevention among workers of adverse effects on health caused by their working conditions.

h)

The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health.

i)

The placing and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs.

j)

The adaptation of work to humans.

Successful occupational health and safety practice requires the collaboration and participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes, and involves the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.Occupational health issues are often given less attention than occupational safety issues because the former are generally more difficult to confront. However, when health is addressed, so is safety, because a healthy workplace is by definition also a safe workplace.

Work plays a central role in people's lives, since most workers spend at least eight hours a day in the workplace, whether it is on a plantation, in an office, factory, etc. Therefore, work environments should be safe and healthy. Unfortunately some employers assume little responsibility for the protection of workers' health and safety. In fact, some employers do not even know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect workers. Health of the workers: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of diseases. Its a positive and dynamic concept which means something more than the absence of illness.

Statutory provisions: According to factories Act, 1948, the statutory provisions regarding the health of the workers are stated in the sections 11 to 20. They are

Cleanliness (sec 11): Every factory shall be kept clean by daily sweeping or washing the floors and workrooms and by using disinfectants where every necessary. Walls, doors and windows shall be repainted or varnished at least once in every 5 years.

Disposal of wastes and effluents (sec 12): The waste materials produced from the manufacturing process must be effectively disposed of wastes.

Ventilation and temperature (sec 13): There must be provision for adequate ventilation for the circulation of fresh air. The temperature must be kept at a comfortable level. Hot parts of machines must be separated and insulated. The State Government may make rules for the keeping of thermometers in specified places and the adoption of methods which will keep the temperature low.

Removal of Dust and fumes (sec 14): If the manufacturing process used gives off injurious or offensive dust and steps must be taken so that they are not inhaled or accumulated. The exhaust fumes of internal combustion engines must be conducted outside the factory.

Artificial humidification (sec 15): The water used for this purpose must be pure. The State Government can frame rules regarding the process of humidification etc. The water used for humidification shall be taken from a public supply or other source of drinking water and must be effectively purified before use.

Overcrowding (sec 16): There must be no overcrowding in a factory. In factories existing before the commencement of the Act there must be at least 9.9 cubic meters of space per worker. For factories built afterwards, there must be at least 4.2 cubic meters of space. The chief inspector of factories can also prescribe the maximum number of workers who can work in each work room.

Lighting (sec 17): Factories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or formation of shadows which might cause eye strain.

Drinking water (sec 18): Arrangements must be made to provide a sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water. All supply points of such water must be marked drinking water. No such points shall be within 20 ft. (or 7.5 meters) of any latrine, washing place etc. Factories employing more than 250 workers must cool the water during the hot weather.

Toilet facilities (sec 19): Every factory must provide sufficient number of latrines and urinals. There must be separate provisions for male and female workers. Latrines and urinals must be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. In factories employing more than 250 workers, they shall be of prescribed sanitary types. Spittoons (sec 20): A sufficient number of spittoons must be provided at convenient places, in a clean and hygienic condition. The State Government may take rules regarding their number, location and maintenance.

Safety of the workers: Safety is a measures or techniques implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment in any facility or place involving the manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.

Statutory provisions: According to factories Act, 1948, the statutory provisions regarding the safety of the workers are stated in the sections 21 to 41. They are Fencing of machinery (Sec 21): In every factory, every dangerous part of any machinery, every moving part of a prime mover and every flywheel connected to prime mover the head-race and tail-race of every water wheel and water turbine, and every part of an electric generator, motor or rotary converter, every part of transmission machinery, must be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction.

Work on or near machinery in motion (Sec 22): It is necessary to examine any part of the machinery while it is motion. The examination and lubrication of the machinery, while in motion, should be carried out only by a speciallytrained adult worker wearing tight-fitting clothing.

Employment of young persons on Dangerous machines (Sec 23): A young person should not be allowed to work at dangerous machines unless, has been sufficiently instructed and received sufficient training.

Striking gear and devices for cutting off power (Sec 24): In every factory, suitable striking gear or other efficient mechanical appliance has to be provided, maintained and used to move driving belts.

Self-acting machines (Sec 25): No travelling part of a self-acting machine in any factory and no material carried thereon shall be allowed to run on its outward or inward traverse within a distance of 18 inches from any fixed structure which is not a part of the machine, if a person is liable to pass over the space over which it runs. Casing of new machinery (Sec 26): All machinery driven by power, every set-screw, bolt or key or any revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or pinion, spur, worm and other toothed or friction-gearing has to be properly encased or guarded in order to prevent danger to the workmen. Prohibition of employment of women and children near cotton openers (Sec 27): Women and child workers are prohibited to be employed in any part of a factory for pressing cotton in which a cotton opener is at work.

Hoists, lifts, lifting machines (Sec 28&29): Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles must be of good mechanical construction, sound material and adequate strength and free from defects. They are to be properly maintained and thoroughly examined by a competent person at least once in every 6 months.

Revolving machinery (Sec 30): The maximum safe working peripheral speed of every grindstone or abrasive wheel shall be permanently affixed. Safe working peripheral speed of every revolving vessel, cage, basket, flywheel, pulley or disc has also to be ensured.

Pressure plant (Sec 31): In any factory operation is carried on at a pressure above the atmospheric pressure, effective arrangements shall be taken to ensure that the safe working pressure is not exceeded.

Floors, stairs and means of access (Sec 32): In every factory all floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound construction and properly kept and maintained.

Pits, sumps, openings in floors (Sec 33): Every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the ground or in a floor, which may be a source of danger shall be either securely covered or securely fenced.

Excessive weights (Sec 34): No person is to be employed in any factory to lift, carry or move any load so heavy as is likely to cause him injury.

Protection of eyes (Sec 35): The state government may require the provision of effective screens or suitable goggles if the risk of injury to the eyes is caused from particles or fragments thrown off in the manufacturing process or from exposure to excessive light.

Precautions against dangerous fumes (Sec 36): In any factory, no person shall be allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pipe, flue or other confined space in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to an extent involving risks to persons.

Explosive or inflammable dust, gas (Sec 37): All practicable measures have to be taken to prevent explosion by, effective enclosure of plant and machinery, removal or prevention of the accumulation of dust, gas etc and exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.

Precaution in case of fire (Sec 38): Every factory has to be provided with adequate means of escape in case of fire. Effective and clearly audible means of giving warning in the case of fire have to be provided. A free passage-way giving access to each means of escape in case of fire has to be maintained.

Power to require specifications of defective parts or tests of stability (Sec 39): The factory inspector to serve on the manager of a factory to furnish specifications of defective parts or he may order the manager to carry out tests as he may specify and to inform him of the results.

Safety of buildings and machinery (Sec 40): Every factory should adopt the measures to ensure the safety of the buildings and machinery. The factory must employ the required safety officers according to the number of workers working in the factory. Power to make rules (Sec 41): The state government has the power to make rules to supplement the provisions relating to safety contained in the act. Occupational accidents/disease:

Work-related accidents or diseases are very costly and can have many serious direct and indirect effects on the lives of workers and their families. For workers some of the direct costs of an injury or illness are:
a) b) c) d)

the pain and suffering of the injury or illness; the loss of income; the possible loss of a job; Health-care costs.

It has been estimated that the indirect costs of an accident or illness can be four to ten times greater than the direct costs, or even more. An occupational illness or accident can have so many indirect costs to workers that it is often difficult to measure them. One of the most obvious indirect costs is the human suffering caused to workers' families, which cannot be compensated with money. Identifying hazards in the workplace:

Use a variety of sources for information about potential or existing hazards in your workplace

Some occupational diseases have been recognized for many years, and affect workers in different ways depending on the nature of the hazard, the route of exposure, the dose, etc. Some well-known occupational diseases include:

a)

Asbestosis (caused by asbestos, which is common in insulation, automobile brake linings, etc.)

b) c) d)

Silicosis (caused by silica, which is common in mining, sandblasting, etc.) Lead poisoning (caused by lead, which is common in battery plants, paint factories, etc.) Noise-induced hearing loss (caused by noise, which is common in many workplaces, including airports, and workplaces where noisy machines, such as presses or drills, etc.)

Importance of management commitment on health and safety:

A successful health and safety programme requires strong management commitment and worker participation In order to develop a successful health and safety programme, it is essential that there be strong management commitment and strong worker participation in the effort to create and maintain a safe and healthy workplace. An effective management addresses all work-related hazards, not only those covered by government standards.

All levels of management must make health and safety a priority. They must communicate this by going out into the worksite to talk with workers about their concerns and to observe work procedures and equipment. In each workplace, the lines of responsibility from top to bottom need to be clear, and workers should know who is responsible for different health and safety issues.

Importance of training:

Effective training is a key component of any health and safety programme

Workers often experience work-related health problems and do not realize that the problems are related to their work, particularly when an occupational disease, for example, is in the early stages. Besides the other more obvious benefits of training, such as skills development, hazard recognition, etc., a comprehensive training programme in each workplace will help workers to:
a)

Recognize early signs/symptoms of any potential occupational diseases before they become permanent conditions.

b) c)

Assess their work environment. Insist that management make changes before hazardous conditions can develop.

Health and safety programmes: Effective workplace health and safety programmes can help to save the lives of workers by reducing hazards and their consequences. Health and safety programmes also have positive effects on both worker morale and productivity, which are important benefits. At the same time, effective programmes can save employers a great deal of money. For all of the reasons given below, it is crucial that employers, workers and unions are committed to health and safety.

a) b) c) d)

Workplace hazards are controlled - at the source whenever possible. Records of any exposure are maintained for many years. Both workers and employers are informed about health and safety risks in the workplace. There is an active and effective health and safety committee that includes both workers and management.

e)

Worker health and safety efforts are ongoing.

HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED BY NATCO PHARMA COMPANY LTD.

Since the beginning of this company it has set its footing during the course of growth since its inception it is ever expanding gradually and along with its strength of the labour forces also increase. To keep the moral and efficiency or high labour, the company is doing its best on area provided on effort are being made to run them efficiently in the best interest of the workers. HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED by NATCO PHARMA

COMPANY LTD, Nagarjuna Sagar is as follows: HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES 1) Drinking water: Section 41, In the preservation of health and comfort among the employees abundant supply of pure water for drinking purpose must be given at important place. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provided filtered water to all the workers. Water coolers are installed in varies department of the industry. 2) Washing Facilities :Section 42 provides that in every factory adequate and suitable facilities separately and adequately screened for male and female workers for washing shall be provided and maintained for the use of the workers therein. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provides this facility to all the workers. 3) Facilities for storing and drying clothing :Section 43 provides that the state government may make rules requiring the provision therein of suitable places for keeping clothing not worn during working hours. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provide this facility to all the workers

4) Provide High Quality Masks :According to section 44 in every factory shall be provided and maintained so as to readily accessible during all working hours Masks. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provides High Quality Masks to all the workers. 5) First-aid appliances :According to section 45 in every factory shall be provided and maintained so as to readily accessible during all working hours first-aid boxes. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provides first aid-appliance to all the workers. 6) Shelters ,Rest rooms and lunch rooms (Section 47) : Rest room plays an important role during working hours. Good lighting and ventilation is necessary in the rest room. Rest room should clean. The company provided big rest room for the workers where they can take rest during rest time. 7) Cleanliness (sec 11): NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd shall be kept clean by daily sweeping or washing the floors and workrooms and by using disinfectants where very necessary. Walls, doors and windows shall be repainted or varnished at least once in every 5 years. 8) Fencing of machinery (Sec 21): In NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd, every dangerous part of any machinery, every moving part of a prime mover and every flywheel connected to prime mover the head-race and tail-race of every water wheel and water turbine

9) Medical Facilites : NATCO PHARMA limited provided medical facilities to worker. There is medical checkup of workers. Doctors are visited to the company two times in week and gives medicines to employee. 10) Provide Protective equipment :According to section 44 in every factory shall be provided and maintained so as to readily accessible during all working hours Protective equipment. The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd provides High Quality Protective equipment to all the workers. 11) Lighting (sec 17): NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd Factories must be well lighted. Effective measures must be adopted to prevent glare or formation of shadows which might cause eye strain. 12) Labour Safety Officer : In a NATCO PHARMA Company there is one welfare officer appointed for 500 or more workers. In a company wherein 500 or more workers are ordinarily employed, at least one welfare officer must be appointed. 13) Training and Health & safety programme:

The NATCO PHARMA Co. Ltd. gives training programmed to all trainee workers for their better productivity. The company takes care of the safety of the workers. The company should give mask, apron, and scarf to each and every worker for their safety.

DATA & DATA ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION:

PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS: What is the age of the workers? (a) Below 25 (b) 26-30 (c) 31-35 (d) 36-40 (e) Above 40 S NO A B C D E RANGE Below 25 26 - 30 31 35 36 40 Above 40 NO. OF RESPONDENTS 36 72 27 135 PERCENTAGE % 27 53 20 100

Total

Figure showing the age of the respondents

53 P 60 E 50 R 40 C E E 30 N 20 T 10 A 0 G

27 20 0 Below 25 26 - 30 31 35 AGE 36 40 0 Above 40

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than one-fifth of the respondents are comes under the age limit of 26 30 years and nearly three-fifth of the respondents are having the age limit of 31 35 years and the remaining one-fifth respondents falls between the age limit of 36 40 years. There are no respondents having the age limit, Below 25 and Above 40 in the survey.

What is the Experience (in years) of the Workers?

(a) Below 5 (b) 6-10 (c) 11-15 (d) 16-20 (e) Above 20 S NO A B C D E RANGE Below 5 6 - 10 11 15 16 20 Above 20 NO. OF RESPONDENTS 58 63 14 135 PERCENTAGE % 43 47 10 100

Total

Figure showing the experience (in years) of the respondents

P E R C E N T A G E

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

43

47

10 0 11 15 EXPERIENCE 16 20 0 6 - 10 Above 20

Below 5

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than two-fifth of the respondents are having the experience of 6 10 years and nearly three-fifth of the respondents are having the experience of 11 15 years and the remaining some respondents are having experience of 16 20 years. There are no respondents having the experience, Below 5 and Above 20 in the survey.

1) Are you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company? (a) Yes (b) No S NO A B RANGE YES NO NO. OF RESPONDENTS 86 49 135 PERCENTAGE % 64 36 100

Total

health and safety measures

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 YES NO health and safety measures

INFERENCE: In the survey, only one-third of the respondents say that they have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters but nearly two-third of the respondents says that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters in the company.

2) Does the company provide medical facility to the workers? (a) Yes (b) No

S NO A B

RANGE YES NO

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 90 45 135

PERCENTAGE % 66 34 100

Total

medical facility
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 YES NO medical facility

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than half of the respondents say that the company is providing medical facilities to the workers but less than half of the respondents respond the company is not providing any medical facilities to the workers.

3) Have you attended any health and safety training in your company? (a) Yes (b) No

S NO A B

RANGE YES NO

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 72 63 135

PERCENTAGE % 53 47 100

Total

Figure showing the health and safety training HEALTH & SAFETY TRAINING
47 53

YES NO

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than half of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety training programme conducted in the company but less than half of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the company.

4) How frequent training is offered in the company? (a) Once in 5 year (b) once in 3 year (c) yearly once (d) Monthly (e) Rarely S NO A B C D E RANGE Once in 5 year Once in 3 year Yearly once Monthly Rarely NO. OF RESPONDENTS 32 76 27 135 PERCENTAGE % 24 56 20 100

Total

Figure showing the frequency of training offered TRAINING OFFERED

20 0 24 Once in 5 year Once in 3 year Yearly once Monthly Rarely

56

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than one-fifth of the respondents say that the training is offered once in 5 years and nearly three-fifth of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 3 years and the remaining one-fifth respondents says that the training is offered yearly once. No respondents say that the training is offered monthly or rarely.

5) Does the company provide pure drinking water facility for worker health? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all S NO A B C D E RANGE Always Sometimes Often Rarely Not at all NO. OF RESPONDENTS 67 14 45 9 135 PERCENTAGE % 50 10 33 7 100

Total

pure drinking water facility

50 40 30 pure drinking water facility 20 10 0 Always Sometimes Often Rarely

INFERENCE: In the survey, More than one-fifth of the respondents say that always they have proper drinking water and half of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking water and more than one-fifth respondents says often they have proper drinking water and some of the respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place.

6) How often the company provide health checkup for workers? (a) Yearly (b) Half yearly (c) Quarterly (d) Monthly (e) Rarely S NO A B C D E RANGE Yearly Half yearly Quarterly Monthly Rarely NO. OF RESPONDENTS 32 94 9 135 PERCENTAGE % 24 69 7 100

Total

Figure showing the health checkup for workers HEALTH CHECK UP

7 0 24 Yearly Half yearly Quarterly Monthly Rarely 69

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than one-fifth of the respondents say that the company provides health check-up half yearly and more than three-fifth of the respondents respond that the company provides health check-up quarterly and less than one-fifth respondents says that the company provides health check-up monthly. No respondents say that the health check-up was provided yearly or rarely.

7) Are the machines maintained properly? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all S NO A B C D E RANGE Always Sometimes Often Rarely Not at all NO. OF RESPONDENTS 63 54 4 14 135 PERCENTAGE % 47 40 3 10 100

Total

pure drinking water facility

50 40 30 pure drinking water facility 20 10 0 Always Sometimes Often Rarely

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than respondents say that always they are maintaining the machines properly and two-fifth of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining the machines properly and more than two-fifth respondents says often they are maintaining the machines properly and less than one-fifth of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

8) How often the accidents happen in the company? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all S NO A B C D E RANGE Always Sometimes Often Rarely Not at all NO. OF RESPONDENTS 4 23 81 27 135 PERCENTAGE % 3 17 60 20 100

Total

Figure showing the accidents happened

Not at all A C Rarely C I Often D E N Sometimes T S Always 0

0 20 60 17 3 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

PERCENTAGE

INFERENCE: In the survey, only very few respondents say that always the accidents are happened and less than one-fifth of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and three-fifth respondents says often the accidents are happened and one-fifth of the respondents says rarely the accidents are happened.

9) Does the company providing the safety requirements for work? (a) Yes (b) No

S NO A B

RANGE YES NO

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 99 36 135

PERCENTAGE % 73 27 100

Total

Figure showing the company providing safety requirements SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

27

YES NO

73

INFERENCE: In the survey, nearly four-fifth of the respondents say that the company is providing safety requirements for work and more than one-fifth of the respondents only respond that the company is not providing any safety requirements for work.

10) Whether safety committee formed in the company? (a) Yes (b) No

S NO A B

RANGE YES NO

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 41 94 135

PERCENTAGE % 31 69 100

Total

Figure showing the safety committee formed SAFETY COMMITTEE

31

YES NO

69

INFERENCE: In the survey, nearly two-fifth of the respondents respond that the safety committee is formed in the company but more than three-fifth of the respondents say that the safety committee is not formed in the company.

11) What are the safety inspections are held in your company? (a) Yearly (b) Monthly (c) Weekly (d) Daily (e) Rarely S NO A B C D E RANGE Yearly Monthly Weekly Daily Rarely NO. OF RESPONDENTS 27 90 18 135 PERCENTAGE % 20 67 13 100

Total

Figure showing the safety inspections held in the company

67 P E R C E N T A G E 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Yearly Monthly Weekly Daily SAFETY INSPECTIONS Rarely 20 13 0 0

INFERENCE: In the survey, one-fifth of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held yearly once and more than three-fifth of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held monthly once and less than one-fifth respondents says that the safety inspections are held weekly once. No respondents say that the safety inspections are held daily or rarely in the company.

12) What is the satisfactory level of the health and safety measures taken in the company? (a) Very much satisfied (b) Satisfied (c) Neutral (d) Dissatisfied (e) Highly dissatisfied S NO A B C D E RANGE Very much satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied NO. OF RESPONDENTS 117 18 135 PERCENTAGE % 87 13 100

Total

Figure showing the satisfactory level of workers towards health and safety measures
87 P E R C E E N T A G 100 80 60 40 20 0

13 0 Very much satisfied Satisfied Neutral 0 Dissatisfied 0 Highly dissatisfied

SATISFACTION LEVEL

INFERENCE: In the survey, more than four-fifth of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company and less than one-fifth of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures. No respondents are very much satisfied and dissatisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company.

13) What is the role of management in implementing health and safety? (a) Excellent (b) Best (c) Better (d) Good (e) poor S NO A B C D E RANGE Excellent Best Better Good Poor NO. OF RESPONDENTS 54 67 14 135 PERCENTAGE % 40 50 10 100

Total

Figure showing the role of management in implementing health and safety

50 P E R C E N T A G E 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 40

10 0 Excellent Best Better Good ROLE OF MANAGEMENT 0 Poor

INFERENCE: In the survey, two-fifth of the respondents say that the role of management in implementing health and safety is best and more than two-fifth of the respondents say that the role of management is better and less than one-fifth of the respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health and safety is good. No respondents say that the role of management in implementing health and safety is excellent or poor.

15. Does the company provide mask to the workers. a.) Yes TABLE: S.no 1 2 Yes No Total mask to the workers No. of respondents 121 14 135 Percentage 90% 10% 100 b.) No

GRAPH:

RESPONDENTS
30%

YES 70% NO

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it is inferred that 90% of respondents are provide mask to the workers and 10% of respondents are not getting.

FINDINGS:
53% of the respondents are having the age limit of 31 35 years and 27% of the respondents are comes under the age limit of 26 30 years and 20% of the respondents are falls between the age limit of 36 40 years. 47% of the respondents are having the experience of 11 15 years and 43% of the respondents are having the experience of 6 10 years and only 10% of the respondents are having the experience of 16 20 years. 53% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety measures and only 47% of the respondents are aware of the health and safety measures. 64% of the respondents say that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters; only 36% agrees that they have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters. 53% of the respondents say that the company is providing medical facilities but 47% of the respondents respond that the company is not providing medical facilities to the workers. 53% of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety training programme but 47% of the respondents says that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the company. 56% of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 3 years and 24% of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 5 years and 20% of the respondents say that the training is offered yearly once. 50% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking water and 33% of the respondents says often they have proper drinking water and 10% of the respondents say that always they have proper drinking water and 7% of the respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place. 53% of the respondents says often they have stress and 33% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have stress and 7% of the respondents say that always they have stress and only 7% of the respondents says rarely they have stress towards work.

69% of the respondents respond that the company provides health check-up quarterly and 24% of the respondents say that the company provides health check-up half yearly and 7% of the respondents say that the company provides health check-up monthly.

47% of the respondents says often they are maintaining the machines properly and 40% of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining the machines properly and only 10% of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly and 3% of the respondents say that always they are maintaining the machines properly.

60% of the respondents say often the accidents are happened and 20% of the respondents say rarely the accidents are happened and 17% of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and only 3% of the respondents say that always the accidents are happened.

47% of the respondents ranked electric shocks are happened and 37% of the respondents ranked finger injuries are occurred and 13% of the respondents ranked fire accidents are happened and only 3% of the respondents ranked fallen from height are occurred.

73% of the respondents say that the company is providing safety requirements for work but 27% of the respondents respond that the company is not providing any safety requirements for work.

69% of the respondents say that the safety committee is not formed in the company and only 31% of the respondents respond that the safety committee is formed in the company. 67% of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held monthly once and 20% of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held yearly once and 13% of the respondents say that the safety inspections are held weekly once.

87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health and safety measures and 13% of the respondents say that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures.

50% of the respondents say that the role of management is better and 40% of the respondents say that the role of management is best and 10% of the respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health and safety is good.

SUGGESTIONS:
The company has to create the awareness for the workers regarding health and safety. They have to provide effective arrangements to the workers for communicating their health and safety matters. It is better to provide frequent health and safety training, atleast once in a year. The company has to provide enough drinking water facility available at all the time. The management has to take necessary steps to reduce the stress level of the workers. Orientation programmes can be conducted to make the workers to feel that their work environment is safe to work. Proper training has to be given to the workers to avoid frequent accidents. Meditation practices can be given to avoid electric shocks, finger injuries etc. due to lack of concentration. Safety committee has to be formed to monitor the health and safety issues. The company has to conduct the regular inspections to ensure higher level of safety in the workplace. Cordial relationship has to be maintained between the management and the workers to implement the health and safety policies and measures in a smooth manner.

CONCLUSION:
It is revealed from the study that, the health and safety measures adopted in Natco Pharma ltd, Nagarjuna Sagar, and Hydrabad are provided to the workers according to the provisions of the factories act. It reveals that the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the workplace is inadequate. Also repeated accidents like electric shocks, finger injuries are occurred in the workplace. Suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those accidents and to improve the health and safety measures. The role of management in implementing health and safety in the organization is very effective. Most of the workers were satisfied with the health and safety measures adopted in the company. If the company implements effective disciplinary procedures; it will help the company to go with their policies and also to maintain health and safety in the organization.

QUESTIONNAIRE:

14) Name (Optional)

15) Age (b) Below 25 (b) 26-30 (c) 31-35 (d) 36-40 (e) Above 40

16) Experience (in years) (b) Below 5 (b) 6-10 (c) 11-15 (d) 16-20 (e) Above 20

17) Are you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company? (b) Yes (b) No

18) Does the company provide medical facility to the workers? (b) Yes (b) No

19) Have you attended any health and safety training in your company? (b) Yes (b) No 20) How frequent training is offered in the company? (b) Once in 5 year (b) once in 3 year (c) yearly once (d) Monthly (e) Rarely

21) Do you have proper drinking water facility inside your work place? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all

22) Do you have any stress towards work? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all 23) How often the company provide health checkup for workers? (b) Yearly (b) Half yearly (c) Quarterly (d) Monthly (e) Rarely

24) Are the machines maintained properly? (a) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all

25) How often the accidents happen? (b) Always (b) Sometimes (c) Often (d) Rarely (e) Not at all

26) Are they providing the safety requirements for work? (b) Yes (b) No 27) Whether safety committee formed in the company? (b) Yes (b) No 28) How often the safety inspections are held in your company? (b) Yearly (b) Monthly (c) Weekly (d) Daily (e) Rarely 29) Satisfactory level of the health and safety measures taken in the company? (b) Very much satisfied (b) Satisfied (c) Neutral (d) Dissatisfied (e) Highly dissatisfied 30) The role of management in implementing health and safety? (b) Excellent (b) Best (c) Better (d) Good (e) poor

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Sr.No

Authors

Year

Title

City of publication

Publisher

1 2

V.S.P.Rao K.Ashwathappa

2000 1997

Human Resource Human Resource and Personal Management

New Delhi

Excel Books

New Delhi

Tata Mc GrawHill Publishing Co. Ltd.

Company Magazines -

Khanan Bharti Pragati

Nagpur

WCL Coal Estate, Civil Lines, Nagpur

Annual Reports of Organization

Internal Records of Organization

Websites: www.google.com. www.yahoo.com. www.humanresources.about.com. www.natcopharma.com.