Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
HU NGH VIT-HN
KHOA KHOA HC MY TNH
N MN HC
QUN L H THNG MNG
TI
TM HIU V GIAO THC SNMP V PHN MM
QUN L H THNG MNG CISCOWORKS LAN
MANAGEMENT SOLUTION
GVHD :
SVTH
Lp
: CCMM03C
LI M U
Th gii ny nay c nhiu tin b mnh m v cng ngh thng tin (CNTT) t
mt tim nng thng tin tr thnh mt ti nguyn thc s, tr thnh sn phm hng ha
trong x hi to ra mt s thay i to ln trong lc lng sn xut, c s h tng, cu trc
kinh t, tnh cht lao ng v c cch thc qun l cc lnh vc ca x hi.
Trong nhng nm gn y, nn CNTT nc ta cng c nhng bc pht trin
trn mi lnh vc trong cuc sng cng nh trong lnh vc qun l x hi khc. Vi trinh
phat trin nh vy vic ng dung CNTT vao cac cng vic hng ngay c xem nh la
iu bt buc. Tuy nhin vi vic phat trin mt mang li may tinh nhanh nh vy a
gy ra nhng kho khn nht inh trong vic quan ly cac h thng mang nay. Cng vic
quan ly h thng mang co nhng yu cu t ra la lam sao co th tn dung ti a cac
tai nguyn co trong h thng va tng tin cy i vi h thng. Do o, vn quan tri
mang hin nay la khng th thiu c. Trong o quan tri mang theo giao thc SNMP la
phng phap c s dung rng rai nht.
Vi nhng nhu cu thit thc nh vy, v hiu r hn s quan trng ca vic
qun l h thng mng. Em tin hnh tm hiu v giao thc SNMP v Xy dng m
hnh qun l h thng mng v bt bn tin SNMP.
Em xin gi li cm n chn thnh n C Dng Thanh T to mi iu kin
tt nht chng em hon thin n ny. Tuy nhin khng th trnh khi thiu xt.
Mong cc c v cc bn ng gp kin n hon thin hn!
MC LC
LI M U....................................................................................................................ii
MC LC........................................................................................................................... i
DANH MC CC HNH V...........................................................................................iii
CHNG 1. TNG QUAN V GIAO THC SNMP......................................................v
1.1.GII THIU GIAO THC SNMP...........................................................................v
1.1.1.u im trong thit k ca SNMP.....................................................................vi
1.1.2.Nhc im ca SNMP......................................................................................vi
1.1.3.Cc phin bn ca SNMP...................................................................................vi
1.2.IU HNH SNMP...............................................................................................vii
1.2.1.Cc thnh phn trong SNMP.............................................................................vii
1.2.2.B phn qun l (manager) ..............................................................................vii
1.2.3.Agent................................................................................................................ viii
1.2.4.C s thng tin qun l - MIB.........................................................................viii
1.2.5.Cc lnh c bn trong SNMP.............................................................................ix
1.3.QUN L LIN LC GIA MANAGEMENT VI CC AGENT......................x
1.4.C CH VN CHUYN THNG TIN GIA MANAGEMENT V AGENT......x
1.5.BO V TRUYN THNG LIN LC GIA MANAGEMENT V CC
AGENT KHI S C...................................................................................................xi
1.7. CC PHNG THC CA SNMP.....................................................................xii
1.7.1. GetRequest......................................................................................................xiii
1.7.2. GetNextRequest..............................................................................................xiii
1.7.3. SetRequest.......................................................................................................xiii
1.7.4. GetResponse...................................................................................................xiii
i
ii
DANH MC CC HNH V
iv
Management Protocol.
Th no l giao thc qun l mng n gin? Giao thc l mt tp hp cc th tc
m cc bn tham gia cn tun theo c th giao tip c vi nhau. Trong lnh vc
thng tin, mt giao thc quy nh cu trc, nh dng (format) ca dng d liu trao i
vi nhau v quy nh trnh t, th tc trao i dng d liu . Nu mt bn tham gia
gi d liu khng ng nh dng hoc khng theo trnh t th cc bn khc s khng hiu
hoc t chi trao i thng tin. SNMP l mt giao thc, do n c nhng quy nh ring
m cc thnh phn trong mng phi tun theo.
Mt thit b hiu c v hot ng tun theo giao thc SNMP c gi l c
h tr SNMP (SNMP supported) hoc tng thch SNMP (SNMP compartible).
SNMP dng qun l, ngha l c th theo di, c th ly thng tin, c th c
thng bo, v c th tc ng h thng hot ng nh mun. VD mt s kh nng
ca phn mm SNMP :
+
truyn/nhn.
+
nhiu.
phn mm SNMP, ngi qun tr mng c th qun l, gim st tp trung t xa ton mng
ca mnh.
1.1.1. u im trong thit k ca SNMP
SNMP c thit k n gin ha qu trnh qun l cc thnh phn trong mng.
Nh cc phn mm SNMP c th c pht trin nhanh v tn t chi ph.
SNMP c thit k c th m rng cc chc nng qun l, gim st. Khng c
gii hn rng SNMP c th qun l c ci g. Khi c mt thit b mi vi cc thuc
tnh, tnh nng mi th ngi ta c th thit k custom SNMP phc v cho ring
mnh (trong chng 3 tc gi s trnh by file cu trc d liu ca SNMP).
SNMP c thit k c th hot ng c lp vi cc kin trc v c ch ca
cc thit b h tr SNMP.
Cc thit b khc nhau c hot ng khc nhau nhng p ng SNMP l ging
nhau. VD bn c th dng 1 phn mm theo di dung lng cng cn trng ca cc
my ch chy HH Windows v Linux; trong khi nu khng dng SNMP m lm trc
tip trn cc HH ny th bn phi thc hin theo cc cch khc nhau.
1.1.2. Nhc im ca SNMP
Lm tng lu lng ng k.
Khng cho php phn b tc ng trc tip cho cc i l.
Khng c s iu khin tng hp ca nhiu ni qun l.
1.1.3. Cc phin bn ca SNMP
SNMP c 4 phin bn: SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, SNMPv2u v SNMPv3. Cc phin
bn ny khc nhau mt cht nh dng bn tin v phng thc hot ng. Hin ti
SNMPv1 l ph bin nht do c nhiu thit b tng thch nht v c nhiu phn mm h
tr nht. Trong khi ch c mt s thit b v phn mm h tr SNMPv3.
Nm 1993, SNMP Version 2 (SNMPv2) c IETF a ra vi mc ch gii quyt
vn tn ti trong SNMPv1 l c ch m bo bo mt. SNMPv2 c nhiu thay i so
vi SNMPv1 nh h tr cc mng trung tm cp cao, mng phn tn, c ch bo mt, lm
vic vi khi d liu ln... Tuy nhin SNMPv2 khng c chp nhn hon ton bi v
SNMPv2 cha tho mn vn bo mt v qun tr bi vy nm 1996 nhng phn bo
vi
IU HNH SNMP
vii
SNMP. Tuy nhin SNMP cng c th c chuyn qua NetWare IPX v nhng c cu
vn chuyn khc.
1.2.3. Agent
Thit b chu s qun l (Managed device): L mt nt mng h tr giao thc
SNMP v thuc v mng b qun l. Thit b c nhim v thu thp thng tin qun l v
luu tr phc v cho h thng qun l mng. Nhng thit b chu s qun l, i khi
c gi l nhng phn t mng, c th l nhng b nh tuyn v my ch truy cpAccess Server, switch v bridge, hub, my tnh hay l nhng my in trong mng.
Mi thit b chu s qun l bao gm phn mm hoc phn sn (firmware) di
dng m phin dch nhng yu cu SNMP v p ng ca nhng yu cu . Phn mm
hoc phn sn ny c coi l mt agent. Mc d mi thit b bt buc bao gm mt
agent chu qun l trc tip, nhng thit b tng thch khng theo SNMP cng c th
qun l c nu nh chng h tr mt giao thc qun l c quyn. thc hin c
iu ny, phi ginh c mt agent y nhim (proxy agent). Proxy agent ny c th
c xt nh mt b chuyn i giao thc v n phin dch nhng yu cu SNMP thnh
giao thc qun l c quyn ca thit b khng hot ng theo giao thc SNMP.
Mc d SNMP ch yu l giao thc p ng thm d (poll-respond) vi nhng yu
cu do b phn qun l to ra dn n nhng p ng trong agent, agent cng c kh
nng xng ra mt p ng t nguyn. p ng t nguyn ny l iu kin cnh bo
t vic gim st agent vi hot ng c nh ngha trc v ch ra rng ti
ngng nh trc. Di s iu khin ca SNMP, vic truyn cnh bo ny c coi l
ci by (trap).
1.2.4. C s thng tin qun l - MIB
Mi thit b chu s qun l c th c cu hnh, trng thi v thng tin thng k rt
a dng, nh ngha chc nng v kh nng vn hnh ca thit b. Thng tin ny c th
bao gm vic thit lp chuyn mch phn cng, nhng gi tr khc nhau lu tr trong cc
bng ghi nh d liu, b h s hoc cc trng thng tin trong h s lu tr cc file v
nhng bin hoc thnh phn d liu tng t. Nhn chung, nhng thnh phn d liu ny
c coi l c s thng tin qun l ca thit b chu s qun l. Xt ring, mi thnh phn
d liu bin i c coi l mt i tng b qun l v bao gm tn, mt hoc nhiu
viii
qun l thit b.
Lnh Read: c SNMP dng dc thng tin t thit b. Cc thng tin
ny c
cung cp qua cc bin SNMP luu tr trn thit b v c cp nht bi
thit b.
Lnh Write: c SNMP dng ghi cc thng tin iu khin ln thit b
bng cch thay i gi tr cc bin SNMP.
Lnh Trap: Dng nhn cc s kin gi t thit b n SNMP. Mi khi
c mt s kin xy ra trn thit b mt lnh Trap s c gi ti NMS.
SNMP iu khin, theo di thit b bng cch thay i hoc thu thp thng tin qua
cc bin gi tr lu trn thit b. Cc Agent ci t trn thit b tng tc vi nhng chip
iu khin h tr SNMP ly ni dung hoc vit li ni dung.
ix
cng l nhng ngi s dng, s dng mt giao thc ng dng. Giao thc qun l yu
cu c ch vn ti h tr tng tc gia cc tc nhn v nh qun l.
Management trc ht phi xc nh c cc agent m n mun lin lc. c th
xc nh c ng dng tc nhn bng a ch IP ca n v cng UDP c gn cho n.
Cng UDP 161 c dnh ring cho cc agent SNMP. Management gi lnh SNMP vo
mt phong b UDP/IP. Phong b ny cha cng ngun, a ch IP ch v cng 161. Mt
thc th IP ti ch s chuyn giao khung UDP ti h thng b qun l. Tip , mt thc
th UDP ti ch s chuyn pht n ti cc agent. Tng t nh vy, lnh TRAP cng cn
xc nh nhng management m n cn lin h. Chng s dng a ch IP cng nh cng
UDP dnh cho mamagement SNMP, l cng 162.
1.4.
AGENT KHI S C
Trong iu kin mng thiu n nh v thiu tin cy th s lin lc qun l cng
tr nn quan trng. Lm th no cc management lin lc vi cc agent mt cch tin
cy? Vic SNMP s dng c ch UDP lin lc c ngha l thiu i tin cy.
SNMP hon ton li cho chng trnh management chu trch nhim v x l vic mt
thng tin. Cc lnh GET, GET-NEXT, v SET u c phc p bng mt lnh GETRESPONSE. H thng c th d dng pht hin ra vic b mt mt lnh khi khng nhn
c lnh tr li. N c th lp li yu cu mt ln na hoc c nhng hnh ng
khc. Tuy nhin, cc bn tin TRAP do agent to ra v khng c phc p khng nh.
Khi lnh TRAP b tht lc, cc chng trnh agent s khng bit v iu (tt nhin l
management cng khng hay bit v iu ny). Thng thng cc bn tin TRAP mang
nhng thng tin ht sc quan trng cho management, do vy management cn ch v
cn bo m vic chuyn pht chng mt cch tin cy.
Mt cu hi t ra l lm th no chuyn pht cc bn tin TRAP trnh mt mt,
tht lc? Ta c th thit k cho cc agent lp li bn tin TRAP. Bin s MIB c th c s
ln lp li theo yu cu. Lnh SET ca management c th t cu hnh cho bin s ny.
C mt cch khc l agent c th lp li lnh TRAP cho n khi management t bin s
MIB chm dt s c. Hy ghi nh rng, c hai phng php trn u ch cho ta nhng
gii php tng phn. Trong trng hp th nht, s ln lp li c th khng m
bo lin lc mt cch tin cy. Trong trng hp th hai, mt s c mng c th dn n
vic hng lot bn tin TRAP b mt ty thuc vo tc m cc agent to ra chng. iu
ny lm cho s c mng tr nn trm trng hn. Trong c hai trng hp, nu ta cn
chuyn pht nhng bn tin TRAP ti nhiu management, th c th xy ra tnh trng
xi
khng nht qun gia cc management hoc xy ra hin tng tht lc thng tin rt phc
tp. Nu cc agent phi chu trch nhim v thit k cho vic phc hi nhng bn tin
TRAP th cng lm tng thm phc tp trong vic qun l cc agent trong mi trng
a nh ch to.
Ngi ta cng theo ui ci tin c ch x l bn tin s c cho phin bn th
hai ca SNMP. Th nht l n nguyn TRAP c b i v thay th n bng mt lnh
GET/RESPONSE khng yu cu. Lnh ny do agent to ra v chuyn n cho
management by ti cng UDP-162. iu ny phn nh mt quan im l nh qun l
s c c th thng nht cc bn tin s c ri tr li cho cc yu cu o. Bng cch b i
mt n th, giao thc c n gin ha. Ngi ta cng b sung thm mt c s thng
tin qun l c bit TRAP MIB thng nht vic x l s c, cc management nhn bn
tin v cc s c ny v vic lp li ci thin tin cy trong chuyn pht thng tin.
1.7.
Giao thc SNMPv1 c 5 phng thc hot ng, tng ng vi 5 loi bn tin nh sau:
Bn tin/phng thc
GetRequest
M t tc dng
Manager gi GetRequets cho agent yu cu agent cung cp
thng tin no da vo ObjectID (trong GetRequest c cha
GetNextRequest
OID).
Manager gi GetNextRequest c cha mt ObjectID cho
agent yu cu cung cp thng tin nm k tip ObjectID
SetRequest
trong MIB.
Manager gi SetRequest cho agent t gi tr cho i tng
GetRespone
ca agent da vo ObjectID.
Agent gi GetRespone cho Manager tr li khi nhn c
Trap
GetRequest/GetNextRequest.
Agent t ng gi Trap cho Manager khi c mt s kin xy
ra i vi mt object no trong agent.
Mi bn tin u c cha OID cho bit object mang trong n l g. OID trong
GetRequest cho bit n mun ly thng tin ca object no. OID trong GetResponse cho
bit n mang gi tr ca object no. OID trong SetRequest ch ra n mun thit lp gi tr
cho object no. OID trong Trap ch ra n thng bo s kin xy ra i vi object no.
xii
1.7.1. GetRequest
Bn tin GetRequest c manager gi n agent ly mt thng tin no .
Trong GetRequest c cha OID ca object mun ly. VD : Mun ly thng tin tn ca
Device1 th manager gi bn tin GetRequest OID=1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 n Device1, tin trnh
SNMP agent trn Device1 s nhn c bn tin v to bn tin tr li.
Trong mt bn tin GetRequest c th cha nhiu OID, ngha l dng mt
GetRequest c th ly v cng lc nhiu thng tin.
1.7.2. GetNextRequest
Bn tin GetNextRequest cng dng ly thng tin v cng c cha OID, tuy
nhin n dng ly thng tin ca object nm k tip object c ch ra trong bn tin.
Ti sao phi c phng thc GetNextRequest ? Nh bn bit khi c qua nhng
phn trn : mt MIB bao gm nhiu OID c sp xp th t nhng khng lin tc, nu
bit mt OID th khng xc nh c OID k tip. Do ta cn GetNextRequest ly
v gi tr ca OID k tip. Nu thc hin GetNextRequest lin tc th ta s ly c ton
b thng tin ca agent.
1.7.3. SetRequest
Bn tin SetRequest c manager gi cho agent thit lp gi tr cho mt object
no .
V d :
C th t li tn ca mt my tnh hay router bng phn mm SNMP
manager, bng cch gi bn tin SetRequest c OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 (sysName.0) v
c gi tr l tn mi cn t.
C th shutdown mt port trn switch bng phn mm SNMP manager, bng
cch gi bn tin c OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 (ifAdminStatus) v c gi tr l 2 7. Ch
nhng object c quyn READ_WRITE mi c th thay i c gi tr.
1.7.4. GetResponse
Mi khi SNMP agent nhn c cc bn tin GetRequest, GetNextRequest hay
SetRequest th n s gi li bn tin GetResponse tr li. Trong bn tin GetResponse c
cha OID ca object c request v gi tr ca object .
xiii
1.7.5. Trap
Bn tin Trap c agent t ng gi cho manager mi khi c s kin xy ra bn
trong agent, cc s kin ny khng phi l cc hot ng thng xuyn ca agent m l
cc s kin mang tnh bin c. V d : Khi c mt port down, khi c mt ngi dng
login khng thnh cng, hoc khi thit b khi ng li, agent s gi trap cho manager.
Tuy nhin khng phi mi bin c u c agent gi trap, cng khng phi mi
agent u gi trap khi xy ra cng mt bin c. Vic agent gi hay khng gi trap cho
bin c no l do hng sn xut device/agent quy nh.
Phng thc trap l c lp vi cc phng thc request/response. SNMP
request/response dng qun l cn SNMP trap dng cnh bo. Ngun gi trap gi l
Trap Sender v ni nhn trap gi l Trap Receiver. Mt trap sender c th c cu hnh
gi trap n nhiu trap receiver cng lc. C 2 loi trap : trap ph bin (generic trap)
v trap c th (specific trap). Generic trap c quy nh trong cc chun SNMP, cn
specific trap do ngi dng t nh ngha (ngi dng y l hng sn xut SNMP
device). Loi trap l mt s nguyn cha trong bn tin trap, da vo m pha nhn trap
bit bn tin trap c ngha g. Theo SNMPv1, generic trap c 7 loi sau:coldStart(0),
warmStart(1), linkDown(2), linkUp(3), authenticationFailure(4), egpNeighborloss(5),
enterpriseSpecific(6).
Gi tr trong ngoc l m s ca cc loi trap. ngha ca cc bn tin generic-trap
nh sau :
+ ColdStart: thng bo rng thit b gi bn tin ny ang khi ng li
(reinitialize) v cu hnh ca n c th b thay i sau khi khi ng.
+ WarmStart: thng bo rng thit b gi bn tin ny ang khi ng li v gi
nguyn cu hnh c.
+ LinkDown: thng bo rng thit b gi bn tin ny pht hin c mt trong
nhng kt ni truyn thng (communication link) ca n gp li. Trong bn tin trap c
tham s ch ra ifIndex ca kt ni b li.
+ LinkUp: thng bo rng thit b gi bn tin ny pht hin c mt trong
nhng kt ni truyn thng ca n khi phc tr li. Trong bn tin trap c tham s ch
ra ifIndex ca kt ni c khi phc.
xiv
xv
1.7.
CC C CH BO MT CHO SNMP
Mt SNMP management station c th qun l/gim st nhiu SNMP element,
thng qua hot ng gi request v nhn trap. Tuy nhin mt SNMP element c th c
cu hnh ch cho php cc SNMP management station no c php qun l/gim
st mnh.
Cc c ch bo mt n gin ny gm c: community string, view v SNMP
access control list.
1.7.1. Community string
Community string l mt chui k t c ci t ging nhau trn c SNMP
manager v SNMP agent, ng vai tr nh mt khu gia 2 bn khi trao i d liu.
Community string c 3 loi : Read-community, Write-Community v Trap-Community.
Khi manager gi GetRequest, GetNextRequest n agent th trong bn tin gi i c
cha Read-Community. Khi agent nhn c bn tin request th n s so snh Readcommunity do manager gi v Read-community m n c ci t. Nu 2 chui ny
ging nhau, agent s tr li; nu 2 chui ny khc nhau, agent s khng tr li.
+ Write-Community c dng trong bn tin SetRequest. Agent ch chp nhn
thay i d liu khi write-community 2 bn ging nhau.
+ Trap-community nm trong bn tin trap ca trap sender gi cho trap receiver.
Trap receiver ch nhn v lu tr bn tin trap ch khi trap-community 2 bn ging nhau,
tuy nhin cng c nhiu trap receiver c cu hnh nhn tt c bn tin trap m khng
quan tm n trap-community.
+ Community string c 3 loi nh trn nhng cng mt loi c th c nhiu
string khc nhau. Ngha l mt agent c th khai bo nhiu read-community, nhiu writecommunity.
Trn hu ht h thng, read-community mc nh l public, write-community
mc nh l private v trap-community mc nh l public.
Community string ch l chui k t dng cleartext, do hon ton c th b nghe
ln khi truyn trn mng. Hn na, cc community mc nh thng l public v
private nn nu ngi qun tr khng thay i th chng c th d dng b d ra. Khi
community string trong mng b l, mt ngi dng bnh thng ti mt my tnh no
xvi
xvii
1.8.
community v data.
xviii
xix
2.1.
MANAGEMENT SOLUTION
LMS c thit k linh hot, c th ci t ring hoc dng chung vi cc phn mm
qun tr mng khc ca HP, Sun gip cho nh qun tr c nhiu la chn ph hp vi
kinh nghim ca mnh.
B phn mm CiscoWorks LAN Management Solution bao gm cc thnh phn
sau:
- Campus Manager (CM) l phn mm qun l cc thit b Switch ca Cisco qua
giao din web, cung cp thng tin v cc thit b lp 2, m hnh kt ni chi tit, cu hnh
WLAN, ATM LANE, qun l cc thit b ca ngi dng, in thoi IP
- Device Fault Manager (DFM) l phn mm gim st hot ng v kim li ca
cc thit b mng Cisco hot ng thi gian thc, thng bo li qua cc thng bo li,
qua email, hoc kt hp vi cc thng bo ca cc chng trnh khc.
- Resource Manager Essentials (RME) Gip qun l danh sch cc thit b mng,
cu hnh phn cng, phn mm, cc s c xy ra S dng phn mm ny ch yu nhm
mc ch thng k, lp bo co, lu h s v mng.
xx
SOLUTION
2.3.1. Yu cu cn thit trc khi ci t
- Yu cu v h thng my ch
Yu cu
B x l CPU
Dung lng vt
B nh chnh
H iu hnh
1 CPU li kp
l
4 GB
60 GB
32 hoc 64 bit
i tng
hoc 2 CPU li
(khng h tr
n
1 CPU li kp
<= 300
hoc 2 CPU li
n
2 CPU li kp
<= 750
hoc 4 CPU li
n
2 CPU li kp
<= 1500
hoc 4 CPU li
1500< i tng
n
2 CPU li t
<= 2500
hoc 4 CPU li
4 GB
60 GB
Solaris)
32 hoc 64 bit
8 GB
60 GB
32 hoc 64 bit
8 GB
60 GB
64 bit
16 GB
60 GB
64 bit
xxi
2500<i tng
kp
2 CPU 8 li
<= 10000
hoc 4 CPU li
16 GB
120 GB
64 bit
t
- Yu cu cu hnh my khch
Yu cu
B nh vt l
Phn cng v phn mm
Chi tit
2 GB
CPU li n tc 2.33 GHz hoc cao
hn.
H tr Windows 2k3 Standard v
Enterprise SP2 (32 v 64 bit), Windows
2k3 Standard R2 v Enterprise R2 SP2
(32 v 64 bit),Windows XP
SP3,Windows 2k8 Standard v
Enterprise SP1, SP2 (32 v 64 bit),
Trnh duyt
Plug-in Java
2.3.2. Ci t
Vic ci t CiscoWorks LAN Management Solution 3.2 cng ging nh ci t
mt s phn mm khc. Hon ton bng giao din, tng i d dng cho nhng ngi
mi s dng ln u.
Chng trnh h tr h iu hnh l Solaris v Windows. Tuy nhin vi h iu
hnh Windows, n ch chy c trn phin bn Windows Server 2003 v Windows
Server 2008. y nhm trin khai trn mi trng Windows Server 2003 SP2.
Qu trnh ci t CiscoWorks LMS:
xxii
xxiii
Ty chn ci t:
+ Typical Installation: Ci t theo cu hnh mc nh ca nh sn xut
xxiv
trong 90 ngy
xxv
xxvi
chc chn rng bn khng la chn sai mt thnh phn no . Nu nh pht hin c mt
hoc mt vi la chn nhm bn chn Change Settings cu hnh li. Nu khng chn
Install ci t vo bn trong h thng
xxvii
2.3.3. Cu hnh
S dng chc nng CiscoWorks Assistant cu hnh ban u. Chn Workflows s
thy ba chc nng chnh:
xxix
Bc tip theo s hin th nh danh h thng hin ti. Thit lp h thng nhn dng
s gip cho bn to mt ngi s dng ng tin cy trn cc my ch thuc v mt phn
ca h thng nhiu my ch LMS hoc hi nhp ACS. iu ny to iu kin cho ngi
s dng giao tip gia cc my ch c th l mt phn ca mt qun l tn min. C th
ch c mt h thng nhn dng ngi s dng cho mi my ch.
ch khng ACS, ngi s dng nhn dng h thng m bn to phi l mt
ngi cc b, vi tt c cc quyn.
ch ACS, ngi s dng nhn dng h thng nn c cu hnh trong ACS,
vi cc c quyn cao nht, trong tt c cc ng dng ng k ti ACS. Hoc l bn c
th cu hnh h thng nhn dng ngi s dng vi vai tr Super Admin c xc nh
trc hoc vi vai tr ty chnh to ra vi tt c cc quyn trong ACS.
Ch qun l thit b
Auto Allocation Off
M t
Trong ch ny, t ng b sung cc thit b cho cc
thit b cho cc ng dng LMS b tt. Bn c th s
dng ty chn ny :
C chn lc thm thit b vo cc ng dng t DCR.
Thm thit b trc b xa tr li ng dng.
Bn c th t thm cc thit b cho cc ng dng LMS
ngay c khi bn la chn cc ch khc cho qun
l thit b.
Trong ch ny, tt c cc thit b trong DCR c
b sung vo cc ng dng LMS c chn. iu ny
xxxiii
xxxiv
Hnh di cho thy giao din thit b thm. Bn c th t thm cc thit b vo DCR
bi s lng ln nhp t mt tp tin (gi tr bng du phy [CSV] hoc XML) hoc h
thng qun l mng (HP OpenView, IBM NetView hoc Cisco Secure ACS).
Hoc bn c th chy trnh khm ph trn my ch tm cc thit b trn mng ca
bn.
s dng Cisco Discovery Protocol l gio thc khm ph, u tin phi thm cc
thit b ht ging (seed devices). Cc thit b ht ging thng l cc thit b chuyn mch
li c cc kt ni n cc thit b mng khc. Cc my ch CiscoWorks s i n cc thit
b ht ging v tm thy hng xm (neighbor) ca n, sau tm thy hng xm ca hng
xm. Qu trnh ny s lan truyn trn mng cho n khi tt c cc thit b c tm thy.
xxxviii
xxxix
3.2.
Sau khi ci t thnh cng ta kch hot chng trnh. Chng trnh gim st mng
CiscoWorks LAN Management Solution l mt chng trnh c giao din chy hon ton
trn ng dng web, s dng giao thc HTTP hoc HTTPS ty theo yu cu cng vic m
ta c th ty chn. Nu la chn HTTP th chng trnh s hot ng nhanh nhng km
bo mt, ngc li HTTPS li cho ta tnh bo mt cao nhng li lm cho h thng b
chm i.
Ta ng nhp vo chng trnh bng User v Password in vo trc lc ci t
login vo chng trnh.
xl
Common service: cho ta bit v tnh trng server, trung tm phn mn, cc
thit b
sa thng tin, xa cc thit b, cc kt ni
xli
Ca s Network cho ta thy cc thng tin v h thng mng ang hot ng bao
gm cc thit b ang hot ng, tnh trng ca thit b mng, cc tc t lin quan
Hnh 3.6. Ca s CM
Campus Manager (CM) l phn mm qun l cc thit b switch ca Cisco qua
giao din web, cung cp thng tin v cc thit b lp 2, m hnh kt ni chi tit, cu hnh
VLAN, ATM LANE, qun l cc thit b ca ngi dng, in thoi IP
Hnh 3.7. Ca s CS
CS l ca s hin th cc dch v c ci t v chy trn h thng mng, cc ch
Backup ca h thng v tnh trng hot ng ca cc ng dng cc ca s khc.
xliii
xliv
xlv
xlvi
KT LUN
xlvii
Tm hiu v giao thc SNMP v phn mm qun l h thng mng CiscoWorks LMS
Ting Vit
[1]
[2]
Trn Duy Minh (2008), Gii php an ninh trong kin trc qun tr mng
SNMP
Ting Anh
[3]
[4]
Solution
Ngun t Internet
[5]
http://vi.wikipedia.org
[6]
http://vnpro.org
[7]
http://nhatnghe.com
[8]
http://en.wikipedia.org
[9]
http://cisco.com
Nhm 13 Lp MM030C
Trang 48
Tm hiu v giao thc SNMP v phn mm qun l h thng mng CiscoWorks LMS
Nhm 13 Lp MM030C
Trang 49