APPLICATION OF CAN PROTOCOL IN VEHICLE HUMIDITY MEASURING SYSTEMS SYSTEMS

George-Andrei URSAN Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iai

Maria URSAN Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iai

REZUMAT. Aceast lucrare prezint modelul i implementarea implementarea unui nod CAN (Controller (Controller Area Network) Network) pentru un sistem de msurare a umiditii. Senzorii din gama HS 1101 sunt realizai special pentru a fi conectai direct la controller sau alte dispozitive doearece tensiunea de ieire este liniar. Aplicaia posibil posibil pentru vehicule n care poate fi folosit senzorul de umiditate HS 1101 este sistemul HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning). Sunt analizate rezultatele experimentale obinute, respective caracteristicile principale ale protocolului CAN. Cuvinte Cuvinte cheie: cheie aplicaie LabView, CAN, senzor de umiditate, ABSTRACT. This paper presents the design and implementation of CAN (Controller Area Network) nodes for humidity measuring systems. Humidity sensors, HS 1101, are designed specifically to be connected directly to a controller or other device because the output voltage is linear. Possible application for vehicles that can be made with HS 1101 humidity sensor is the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system. Experimental results based on measuring measuring system and main protocol characteristics are analyzed. Keywords: Keywords LabView application, CAN, humidity sensor,

1. INTRODUCTION ON CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK PROTOCOL

The measuring system is developed as following of the main characteristics of the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. CAN is a serial communication protocol used for communication between microcontrollers. It supports distributed real-time control with a very high level of security. In an automotive environment it is used to exchange information between onboard Electronic Control Units such as the Engine Management System, transmission, instrument packs, and body electronics. CAN makes the connection between nodes using two wires, twisted pair cable. As first advantage of using CAN in automotive industry is the great diminution of the electrical connections weigh because CAN replaces a lot of wires used for this purpose.

2. THE ACQUISITION NODE FOR HUMIDITY SENSING

The acquisition node, based on CAN protocol, used to monitor humidity is shown in fig. 1. As can be seen it consists of a PIC18F458 microcontroller and an MPC2551transceiver chip. CAN node is connected with two wires, finished with a 120 ohm resistor at each end. The microcontroller is operated from a 25MHz crystal. The MCLR input is connected to an external reset button. Analog input AN0 of the microcontroller is connected to HS 1101 humidity sensor. In figure 2, is the block diagram corresponding to the LabView application, used for the acquisition and graphical representation of humidity values, obtained from HS 1101 sensor. LabView software also allows all acquired data to be saved in text file for future processing. The block diagram of the item "Net Cluster Array To String" from figure 2 has been amended so that after data acquisition in hexadecimal format, a conversion

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was made for these data in proportionate values of humidity (40 values), as it is shown in figure 3.

Fig. 3. Block diagram used to convert acquired data in proportionate humidity values. Fig. 1. Acquisition node for humidity monitoring.

Fig. 4. Climatic chamber.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Temperature inside the BINDER climate chamber was set it at 45C. After this, was introduced inside the BINDER chamber the humidity sensor HS 1101. Temperature was changed after few minutes to 10C and the humidity evolution can be seen in figure 5. CAN signal shape corresponding to four values of humidity obtained with sensor HS 1101 can be seen in figure 6. CAN signal was viewed using a Tektronix TDS oscilloscope, type 210, connected to the computer via NI GPIB-USB-HS. CAN signal corresponding to 71% humidity value (3A02 code) is presented in figure 7. A1 dominant bit corresponding to the of Start of Frame section; B11 bits that, accordingly with CAN Specification 2.0A, uniquely identifies each communication object, in our case is hexadecimal representation for ID 64 (000 0110 0100);

Fig. 2. Block diagram corresponding to LabView application.

The system for monitoring the humidity was tested by using a Binder climatic chamber like in figure 4. The main features of the Binder climatic chamber are: digital temperature control, the possibility to choose the desired function for parameters evolution, an indicator of temperature change. Also, on the left side the chamber has a 30mm diameter hole, were the sensor that measure humidity can be introduced. This hole was covered with a rubber stopper.

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C1 dominant bit which distinguishes data and remote frame types; D1 dominant which corresponds to the identification bit of the plot; E1 dominant bit reserved r0; F4 bits corresponding to Data Length Code, in this case DLC is 2 (0010); G16 bits are used for transferring information 3A02, which in hexadecimal is 0011 1010 0000 0010;

H15 bit corresponding to Cyclic Redundancy Code used by receivers to check the integrity of incoming frames; I1 recessive bit corresponding to Cyclic Redundancy Code Delimiter; J1 dominant bit corresponding to Acknowledge Field; K1 recessive bit which corresponds to Confirmation Filed; bsbit stuffing.

Fig. 5. LabView front panel for humidity results.

Fig. 6. CAN signal form corresponding to values 71%, 64%, 42% and 35% humidity.

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REFERENCES
[1] Bosch GmbH, CAN Specification Version 2.0, Stuttgart, (1991). [2] Ursan G. A., Vremer E., Ursan M., Plopa O., Advanced Automotive Communication Networks, CAN Protocol Technology, Bul. Inst. Polit., Iai LV (LIX), Fasc. 3, 43-56 (2009). [3] Alves M., Pereira M., Ramos G. H., CAN Protocol: A Laboratory Prototype for Fieldbus Applications, XIX IMEKO World Congress Fundamental and Applied Metrology, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 454-457 (2009). [4] http://www.datasheetcatalog.org/datasheet/humirel/HS1100.pdf. [5] Ursan G. A., Postolache O., Ursan M., Vremer E., Pereira M., Using the CAN protocol for climate control system in automotive indoor monitoring, 17th Symposium IMEKO TC 4, 3rd Symposium IMEKO TC 19 and 15th IWADC Workshop, Kosice, Slovakia, (2010). [6] Ursan G. A., Ursan M., Vremer E., Spiridonic A. M., System for monitoring the temperature inside vehicle, based on CAN protocol, EPE2010 - 6TH International Conference on Electrical and Power Engineering, Iai, Romnia, I-309-I-312 (2010). [7] William J. Fleming, Overview of Automotive Sensors, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 1, pp. 296-308 (2001). [8] William J. Fleming, New automotive sensors-A review, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 8, pp. 1900-1921 (2008). [9] Steven Daly, Automotive Air-conditioning and Climate Control Systems, ISBN-13: 978-0-7506-6955-9, Elsevier, 2006.

Fig. 7. Interpretation of CAN signal.

With Baud Rate at 125kbit/second we can obtain the time bit, which is tbit=8s. The total time of the frame is 448s which corresponds to 56 bits. From this 56 bits, 52 bits are dedicated for transfer of data B601, with ID 64 and data length DLC=2. The others bits are 4 bit staffing.

4. CONCLUSION
The system for monitoring the humidity in vehicles was developed using the main proprieties of CAN protocol. The signal obtained from humidity sensor was analyzed and it was made an interpretation for this, exemplifying each field from the diagram. CAN protocol allows a direct connection of smart transducers (sensors and actuators) in systems dedicated to realtime control applications.

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