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Acceptability of Computer |

ABSTRACT

Title Researcher Institution Date

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Acceptability of Computer Aided Learning among AMACC Dagupan Students Montemayor, Jhumer B., Assistant Instructor 1 Sino Cruz, Matthew John F., Assistant Instructor 1 Hermoso, Napoleon M., Instructor 1 AMA Computer College Dagupan Branch March 2013

The study aimed to determine the acceptability of the computer based multimedia courseware. The methodology used in the research was descriptive developmental research design accompanied by Scrum agile methodology. The research showed that the computer aided learning method was still in progress and was not yet totally accepted by the educational institution. Thus, further study should be conducted in order to fully realize the benefits of totally integrating technology with learning.

Acceptability of Computer | Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION Background of the Study For several years, education was considered to be one of the most important aspects in the development of every individual. It enables each person to enhance and discover their skills through continuous learning. Continuous progress has been made with the way people accomplish their task. The improvement of one method towards a more enhance method is known as Generation (Dalton, 2010). Generation shows how technology improves the task of an individual in terms of speed, performance and accuracy. Thus, several studies were made and different methods were developed to integrate technology with the improvement of education. Different forms of technology were developed to enhance the way learning is being conducted. One of the major breakthroughs in technology was the implementation of the internet. Internet serves as the information gateway where users can get all the information they needed. Hence, it serves as the communication medium among individuals who utilize the internet to study. this is where distance learning was developed. Distance learning is a method of learning in which the student and the mentor do not need to meet regularly. The sessions were conducted through chatting and sending activities through e mails. Such method is more ideal for those individual who wants to study yet, could not find enough time to attend regular schooling. However, there were disadvantages that were encountered in distance learning. One problem with distance learning is that not all individuals have internet at home. Thus, they will not be to catch up immediately since internet is the major

Acceptability of Computer | requirement in distance learning. This is where computer aided learning comes in. Computer aided learning is another method of learning in which the learning materials were converted electronically. This can be in the form of electronic books, videos and even audio tutorials. However, multimedia courseware comes handy. This form of computer aided learning maximize the core elements of media which includes text, audio, images, video and animations. Multimedia courseware is a form of technology which integrates the five major elements of media to enhance the way information is being presented. A typical courseware allows user to navigate on different topics without having the need to finish one topic before proceeding to the next one. This form of technology can be computer based or in mobile application form. Thus, this research has been conducted a year ago to implement and test the developed Multimedia Courseware for Windows XP. The current study will now determine the extent to which this technology is being accepted by the students of AMA Computer College Dagupan. Statement of the Problem The study focused on the determining how effective Multimedia Courseware would be if implemented on AMACC Dagupan Campus. This study sought to: 1. determine the profile of the selected AMA students in terms of the following: a. Sex; b. Age, and; c. Course 2. test the acceptability of the courseware. Scope and Delimitations The study focuses only on the acceptability of the multimedia courseware among the

Acceptability of Computer | students of AMA Computer College Dagupan. The researchers will conduct an observation among the respondents while using the multimedia courseware and gathering quantitative information by distributing a questionnaire. The result generated from the questionnaire and observation will be used as a basis for determining acceptability of the respondents towards the multimedia courseware. On the other hand, the limitation of the study is that the courseware will no longer be tested using mobile devices (e.g. high end cell phones and the like) since the capacity of its main memory is very limited to handle such application. The multimedia courseware will be tested using flash player enabled computers for the purpose of maximizing the capacity of the courseware.

Significance of the Study The researchers aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the multimedia courseware among the students of the AMACC Dagupan Campus. The said research will not only help the teachers to look for an alternative way on teaching their lessons but also, for the students on learning their lessons in a more interactive and modern approach. Upon finishing the study, the following are expected to learn the benefits of the said study on improving the quality education provided by the AMA Computer College: Instructors. When implemented, the multimedia courseware will help the instructors to teach their lessons in a more reliable and effective way. The courseware contains lectures and videos which explains the entire topics. In this way, the instructors are expected to exert lesser effort on teaching the lessons since most of the topics are all included on the courseware. Thus, the teachers will serve as a facilitator and provide a supplement on the topics on the courseware which are needed to be elaborated.

Acceptability of Computer | Students. The multimedia courseware also helps the students with their studies. Multimedia courseware typically provides a well organize and structure learning materials and this alone can result in learning advantages on the part of the student. Also, interactive learning with video, audio, graphics, expert advice, and questions and answers keep learners interested and reinforce skills. Because it is exciting, challenging, and fun to use, it encourages the student to return to the program again and again. Through continual practice, learning is absorbed and integrated into daily performance. Other Researchers. The research study will also serve as a guide for other researchers who will attempt to conduct a similar study. The theories on the current study will serve as a stepping stone for the future researchers to formulate their own idea and help them to solve their study. Definition or Terms Computer Aided Instruction / Computer Assisted Instruction. It is an interactive instructional technique whereby a computer is used to present the instructional material and monitor the learning that takes place. E Book. Stands for Electronic Book. These are books that are uploaded on the internet. They are just like a typical book. However, they can only be viewed with the aid of a computer or any alternative and can be of different file formats such as .pdf or .ppt. E Learning. Stands for Electronic Learning. This form of learning approach utilizes the use of modern technology on delivering education to its users. E Learning lessens the face to face contact between the instructor and student since they are carried out electronically via internet or mobile devices. Multimedia. Uses any combination of media such as text, graphics, audio, video and animation

Acceptability of Computer | in presenting information. Multimedia Courseware. It acts just like a typical electronic book. However, multimedia courseware (or simply Courseware) is more interactive than E Books. It contains all the topics and uses different forms of media such as text, graphics, videos, animation and audio in presenting each topic.

Acceptability of Computer | Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter introduces the review of literatures and studies related to the current study. Such review will become the guide of the researchers in solving and answering the problem stated in the current study. The following discussion presents some of the studies and literatures conducted and written by the researchers and writers. Related Literature The related literature is undertaken for further conceptualization of the current study. The literatures presented in this chapter are gathered from other studies conducted not only here in the Philippines but also in other countries. Wang, et al (2005) defined Interactive courseware on their article entitled Encouraging Active Learning through Multimedia & Interactive Courseware as computer software and associated materials designed for educational or training purposes, usually multimedia in nature that teaches a lesson. Since multimedia by nature, a typical courseware could contain a mixture of different forms of media such as text, video, animation, graphics and audio to maximize its effect on the user. Anderson (2000), on his article entitled Developing Multimedia Courseware for Teaching History: A UK Perspective, stated that the problems of customizing courseware raises the question of whether the enriched-lecture model best promotes the use of computer-assisted learning resources in the UK. He also noted that with the amount of material currently being digitized, instructors may be able to choose and develop existing resources more effectively, and in a way that reflects their specific needs. It is easier now for people to locate appropriate

Acceptability of Computer | existing digitized resources than to create them from scratch (http://www.albany.edu/jmmh/vol3/creating_cdroms/creating_cdroms.html). Dowdle (n.d), however, pointed out the pros and cons of using multimedia courseware in teaching. According to Dowdle, multimedia courseware allows users to decide when, where and what to learn. Likewise, multimedia courseware presents variety of formats on presenting the materials to its users. She also found out that most learners learn fast compare to classroom based instruction. Related Studies Foreign Studies Liu (2010) conducted a study entitled An Experimental Study on the Effectiveness of Multimedia in College English Teaching to explore the effectiveness of multimedia assisted methods in College English Teaching. Based on the results of her study, she concluded that the current multi-media assisted teaching method does not facilitate a two-way communication atmosphere, student-oriented classroom, or cultivating students' independent learning ability. According to her, the problem cited could only be solved if the teachers are willing to update their knowledge about multimedia applications, base their teaching planning on theory of constructivism, tailor to different students' need for language learning. In order for this to happen, she pointed out that the teachers should offer audio visual input on presenting and organizing the materials that can be used in the class or look for related instructional materials available on the world wide web. Thus, she also noted the need for English teachers and software experts to work out practical and advanced English Teaching Courseware, which is an integration of virtual real situation, collaboration, conversation and meaning construction. (Jing Liu, An Experimental Study on the Effectiveness of Multimedia in College English Teaching)

Acceptability of Computer | Smart, et al (2006), in a much the same way Liu conducted her study, had studied the perception of the students on online learning. The study shows that there are issues concerning the implementations of the online units to traditional classes. The issues, as stated by the author involve the differences of perceptions of the respondents towards online modules and the time required to complete the online modules. Researchers have concluded that the prior experience of the user on the usage of technology affects the users perception about the technology in general. The greater the experience or exposure to the forms of technology, the higher the satisfaction level they receive from using it. Thus, the results of the study are consistent with research that shows that students exhibit greater motivation when course content interests them and when they perceive some personal relevance with the content (Adler, Milne & Stablein, 2001; Benbunan-Fich & Starr, 2003; Brass, 2002; Burke & Moore, 2003; Geiger & Cooper, 1996), which may account for why students in the elective course were more positive in their attitudes than those enrolled in required courses. In like manner, the author stated that: E-learning represents an important, growing trend in the application of technology to facilitate student learningespecially in colleges where programs and curricula must evolve to meet the changing needs of a competitive global economy (Richardson, 2003). The study presented here focuses on students perceptions of online learning modules using self-paced, independent study learning units among users with mostly limited prior e-learning experience. However, this study involves the use of e-learning in only one setting, whereas there are many other ways to implement this concept. (Smart, Karl L., et al (2006), Students Perceptions of Online Learning: A Comparative Study) Local Studies Arimbuyutan, et al (2007), conducted a study about the development and improvement of electronic learning or e learning in the Philippines. The study aimed to

Acceptability of Computer | correct the analysis and provide right direction for the establishment of remote education in the Philippines. According to the study conducted, the prime factor which triggers the Philippine education system to incorporate e learning are the educators from the prominent universities such as University of the Philippines, University of Sto. Tomas and the like. Accordingly, UP had started operating an Open University since 1995 as an alternative to traditional classroom based instruction. Likewise, other major universities such as Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University and the like also offer Online Courses. There are two major types of e learning solution namely, prepackaged, off-the-shelf courses; and (2) custom solutions. However, most of the Universities mentioned used prepackaged programs which are brought from the suppliers. The author reiterated that cost is the major consideration before engaging in any form of e learning. Cayabyab, et al (2007) developed and implemented an interactive multimedia courseware for Data Structures and Algorithm. The study aimed to develop an interactive instructional material which can demonstrate the internal events that happens on different types of sorting. On their study, they enumerated the four main types of sorting as Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort and the Heap Sort. The interactive multimedia courseware also shows the Big O Notation that measures the speed of the different types of sorting. In this regard, the researchers tested the courseware on selected Second Year BSICT students. After testing has been conducted, the researchers determine its effectiveness by using a questionnaire. The researchers found out that, even though the courseware offers intensive interactivity, the particular subject still requires a face to face session. The study, therefore concluded, that the instructors should be careful in choosing a particular subject to be integrated in multimedia.

Acceptability of Computer | Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discussed the research design that the researchers used in the study. It covers the subject of the study, the data gathering instrument and procedures and the statistical treatment of the data. The following section explains further the activities of the researchers in relation to the above clamor.

Research Design Based on the problems and the variables cited, the research used Descriptive Research Design. Aside from using the research design to describe the profile variables of the respondents, the researchers also adopted quantitative method on determining the level of learners satisfaction towards the courseware. The research design identified by the researchers described the variables presented and the learners level of satisfaction. The researchers used Descriptive design since one concern of the study was to describe the variables used in the study such as sex, age and course. On the other hand, the Quantitative Method used in this study explores the level of learners satisfaction upon using the multimedia courseware. The variables used were studied without any attempt to contrast them.

The Subject The subjects of the study were the selected AMA freshmen students. The table below shows the distribution of freshmen students per block:

Acceptability of Computer | Table 1 Distribution of Freshmen Students per Block Course / Block IT 1 A IT 1 B CSDP 1 Total Population 5 5 5 15

The respondents of the study were selected based on their experience on different forms of multimedia application and their exposure to different web applications. Data Gathering Instruments In order to gather the needed information, the developer will be using different instrumentation to support the requirements gathered from the client. The instruments might be in the form of observation, interview, Internet and Library research. Observation. Observation is conducted to study the existing processes that the department is implementing. This method allows the developer to observe the existing processes with respect to how the information is being disseminated to the students by the instructor through traditional learning. Interview. Structured Interview is conducted when the interviewer prepare a list of questions to be asked to the interviewee. Likewise, the developer lists down all the questions related to the functions being implemented within the department and how the personnel execute the process. Through this, the developer could have a better understanding on how the learning

Acceptability of Computer | process is being conducted. Internet and Library Research. The developer also conducted researches using the materials available in the library. The sources that the developer uses include journals, books, magazines, thesis and dissertations and others. These sources of data enable the developer to find necessary information for the project. On the other hand, the developer also made use the sources available on the internet such as tutorials, search engines and online books. The developer uses the internet sources since not all the needed information are found from the books and other printed materials. Tool for Data Analysis The following statistical tools were used in the study: 1. Frequency Counts and Percentage was used to determine the profile of the BSIT Freshmen students such as sex, age and year level. 2. Average Weighted Mean was used to determine the Level of Learners Satisfaction towards the Multimedia Courseware. The following Five Point Likert scale was used to interpret the result: Table 2 Five Point Likert Scale Scale Value 4.21 5.00 3.41 4.80 2.61 3.40 1.81 2.60 1.00 1.80 Interpretation Strongly Agree Agree Uncertain Disagree Strongly Disagree Description The respondents strongly agree with the statement The respondents agree with the statement The respondents is uncertain with the statement The respondents disagree with the statement The respondents strongly disagree with the statement

Acceptability of Computer |

Acceptability of Computer | Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

This part presents, interprets and analyzes the data gathered from the questionnaires distributed by the researchers to the students of AMA Computer College. The researchers used questionnaire to data about the AMACC students. The researchers had distributed questionnaires to the selected 15 freshmen students of AMACC Dagupan Campus. The researchers also tested the courseware by conducting a dry run with the respondents. The respondents answered the questionnaire based on their own experience upon using the courseware Profile or General Information of the Respondents This part of the study presents the respondents in terms of their profile. The frequency counts and percentages were used. The distribution of the respondents according to their profile variable is presented on the following tables. Table 3 shows the distribution of the respondents in terms of their sex, age and course. The results show that majority of the respondent is male which consists of 8 or 53 percent of the total number of respondents. The male respondents outnumbered female respondents by 1 which only consists of 7 or 47 percent of the total number of respondents. The second section of the table shows the age range of the respondents. It can be seen that majority of the respondents belongs to the bracket ranging from 15 19. They are composed of 8 students or about 53 percent of the total number of the respondents. However, only 2 or 14 percent of the total number of respondents belongs to the age bracket ranging from 25 to 30. This

Acceptability of Computer | can be attributed to the fact that majority of the respondents belong to freshman students of AMA who are still on their regular status. Table 3 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR SEX, AGE AND COURSE Profile Variables Sex Male Female Total Age 15 19 20 24 25 30 Total Course BSIT CSDP Total 10 5 15 67 33 100 8 5 2 15 53 33 14 100 8 7 15 53 47 100 Frequency Percentages (%)

The table also shows the distribution of the respondents in terms of their course. It can be seen that majority of the respondents are BSIT students which comprises 67 percent of the total number of respondents. This can be attributed to the fact that based on the records of enrollment; Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) enrollees outnumbered the enrollees of the Computer Systems Development and Programming degree (CSDP).

Acceptability of the System in terms of its Usability To test the usability of the Multimedia Courseware, the developer conducted a survey to

Acceptability of Computer | the chosen freshmen students of AMACC Computer College Dagupan who serves as the stakeholders of the study. These personnel took part on the survey conducted. The result of the survey shows the overall evaluation of the stakeholders toward the system. Table 4 presents the result of the survey conducted. The result of the usability testing was interpreted based on the interpretation of the 5 point Likert Scale (See Table 1). Thus, the survey shows that the overall perception of the stakeholders towards the system is 3.56 which mean that they agree with the system. Table 4 SYSTEM EVALUATION ACCORDING TO USABILITY Weighted Usability Interpretation Mean 1. I Think I would like to use this system frequently. 4 Agree 2. I found the system unnecessarily complex. 3 Uncertain 3. I thought the system was easy to use. 4 Agree 4. I think I dont need Technical Support to be able to use 4 Agree this system. 5. I found the various functions in this system were well 4 Agree integrated. 6. I thought there was consistency in this system. 3 Uncertain 7. I would imagine that most people would learn to use 4 Agree this system very quickly. 8. I found the system very cumbersome to use. 2 Disagree 9. I felt very confident using the system. 4 Agree Average Weighted Mean 3.56 Agree

Acceptability of Computer | Chapter 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary The study aimed to develop and determine the acceptability of the multimedia courseware among freshmen students of AMA Computer College Dagupan. The developer made used of Descriptive Developmental research design in the conduct of the study. After conducting several studies and researches, it was found out that the general perception of the respondents towards the courseware was 3.56 which was interpreted as Agree or Satisfied. Thus, it means that the students were not yet ready to utilize such technology on a normal educational setting of the school. Conclusion After conducting the survey to the respondents of the study, the following were the conclusions drawn up by the researchers: Majority of the respondents were male. The findings also show that the age of the selected freshman students ranges from 15 19 years old. The courses offered by AMACC Dagupan Campus include BSIT and CSDP. Based on the current enrolment record, BSIT has a greater number of populations over CSDP. Therefore, making BSIT became the most numbered respondents compared to CSDP. The respondents are not yet ready to totally accept the implementation of the courseware on the normal educational setting inside the campus. Recommendation Based on the findings and conclusions made, the researchers drawn the following general

Acceptability of Computer | recommendations: 1. The courseware must be implemented on the educational setting of the campus to totally realize the benefits of the software. 2. The administration should look for an alternative way on how to enhance the delivery of information to the students. 3. The students and faculty members should be able to adapt the new technology in order to improve the quality of education delivered inside the campus. 4. Future studies must be conducted to determine its benefits in terms of non functional requirements such as maintainability, availability and reliability.